Multichannel MPPT circuit and solar photovoltaic inverter
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar energy generation technology field, particularly a kind of multichannel MPPT circuit and solar photovoltaic inverter.
Background technology
Along with World Environment Problems constantly is taken seriously and national energy strategy problem, the large-scale development novel energy has obtained the generally attention of countries in the world, New Energy Industry becomes industry with fastest developing speed in the world, solar power generation will surpass nuclear power in 21st century becomes one of most important basic energy resource, BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic, BIPV) has good development prospect, following BIPV will capture the 60% photovoltaic generation market share, have very large development space.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is important component part and the key link of photovoltaic generating system, and the direct current that BIPV produces must change into by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and just can generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems after the alternating current or use from net.
Present photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can not well adapt to the characteristic of BIPV all according to the ordinary flat solar cell design: the multiple branch circuit structure, each branch road MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT) point is inconsistent.Existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is connected in series by many branch roads, can not well bring into play the characteristic of BIPV, and cause the BIPV construction complicated, and generating efficiency is low.
Therefore necessary design designs a kind of multichannel MPPT circuit, and the characteristic with good adaptation BIPV reduces difficulty of construction, improves the BIPV generating efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that (one) will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: it is large how to solve in the BIPV system difficulty of construction, the problem that generating efficiency is low.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of multichannel MPPT circuit, comprise: many MPPT branch roads, every the MPPT branch road is equipped with two inputs and two outputs, be provided with energy-storage units and rectification unit between first input end and the first output, the first end of described energy-storage units is connected with described first input end, the first end of described rectification unit is connected with described the first output, the second end of described energy-storage units be connected the second end of rectification unit and connect, and tie point is connected with the first end of switching tube unit, the second end of described switching tube unit respectively with the second input be connected output and be connected.
Preferably, also be provided with the first filter unit between described first input end and the described energy-storage units.
Preferably, described the first filter unit is filter capacitor C1, described first input end be connected the tie point of energy-storage units and be connected with the positive pole of described filter capacitor C1, the negative pole of described filter capacitor C1 respectively with described the second input be connected output and be connected.
Preferably, also be provided with the second filter unit between described the first output and the described rectification unit.
Preferably, described the second filter unit is filter capacitor C2 and filter capacitor C3, described the first output be connected rectification unit tie point respectively with the first end of described filter capacitor C2 be connected the positive pole of filter capacitor C3 and be connected, the second end of described filter capacitor C2 respectively with described the second input be connected the second output and be connected, the negative pole of described filter capacitor C3 respectively with described the second input be connected the second output and be connected
Preferably, described energy-storage units is energy storage inductor, and the first end of described energy storage inductor is connected with described first input end, the second end of described energy storage inductor respectively with described switching tube unit be connected rectification unit and be connected.
Preferably, described switching tube unit is IGBT pipe, and the collector electrode of described IGBT pipe is connected with described energy-storage units, the emitter of described IGBT pipe respectively with described the second input be connected the second output and be connected.
Preferably, described rectification unit comprises rectifier diode, the anode of described rectifier diode respectively with described energy-storage units be connected the switching tube unit and be connected, the negative electrode of described rectifier diode is connected with described the first output.
The invention also discloses a kind of solar photovoltaic inverter that adopts described multichannel MPPT circuit, comprising: multichannel MPPT circuit and the direct current ac conversion circuit of a plurality of solar cells, identical with solar cell quantity way, wherein,
Two outputs of each solar cell respectively with described multichannel MPPT circuit in two inputs of corresponding branch road connect, the first output of every MPPT branch road interconnects in the described multichannel MPPT circuit, and tie point is connected with the first input end of described direct current ac conversion circuit, the second output of every MPPT branch road interconnects in the described multichannel MPPT circuit, and tie point is connected with the second input of described direct current ac conversion circuit.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention is by arranging many MPPT branch circuit parallel connections, and selects suitable switching tube ON time according to the situation of described many MPPT branch roads, makes the MPPT point on each bar branch road consistent, with the reduction difficulty of construction, at utmost brings into play the generating efficiency of BIPV system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the multichannel MPPT circuit of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a branch road in the multichannel MPPT circuit shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the open phase schematic diagram of the IGBT pipe of each bar MPPT branch road in the multichannel MPPT circuit shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that adopts the solar photovoltaic inverter of multichannel MPPT circuit shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the multichannel MPPT circuit of present embodiment comprises that four branch roads illustrate the present invention, but do not limit scope of the present invention, comprise: four MPPT branch roads, the below specifies the present invention with a branch road wherein, as shown in Figure 2, every the MPPT branch road is equipped with two inputs and two outputs, be provided with energy-storage units 1 and rectification unit 2 between first input end and the first output, the first end of described energy-storage units 1 is connected with described first input end, the first end of described rectification unit 2 is connected with described the first output, the second end of described energy-storage units 1 be connected the second end of rectification unit 2 and connect, and tie point is connected with the first end of switching tube unit 3, the second end of described switching tube unit 3 respectively with the second input be connected output and be connected.
Described energy-storage units 1 is energy storage inductor L1, and the first end of described energy storage inductor L1 is connected with described first input end, the second end of described energy storage inductor L1 respectively with described switching tube unit 3 be connected rectification unit 2 and be connected.
Described switching tube unit 3 is insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), this IGBT pipe is the combination of DG1 and Q1 among Fig. 2, the collector electrode of described IGBT pipe respectively with described energy-storage units 1 be connected rectification unit 2 and be connected, the emitter of described IGBT pipe respectively with described the second input be connected the second output and be connected.
Described rectification unit 2 comprises rectifier diode D1, the anode of described rectifier diode D1 respectively with described energy-storage units 1 be connected switching tube unit 3 and be connected, the negative electrode of described rectifier diode D1 is connected with described the first output.
Also be provided with the first filter unit 4 between described first input end and the described energy-storage units 1, described the first filter unit 4 is filter capacitor C1, described first input end be connected the tie point of energy-storage units 1 and be connected with the positive pole of described filter capacitor C1, the negative pole of described filter capacitor C1 respectively with described the second input be connected output and be connected.
Also be provided with the second filter unit 5 between described the first output and the described rectification unit 2, described the second filter unit 5 is filter capacitor C2 and filter capacitor C3, described the first output be connected rectification unit tie point respectively with the first end of described filter capacitor C2 be connected the positive pole of filter capacitor C3 and be connected, the second end of described filter capacitor C2 respectively with described the second input be connected the second output and be connected, the negative pole of described filter capacitor C3 respectively with described the second input be connected the second output and be connected.
Multichannel MPPT circuit of the present invention adopts modularized design scheme, and every branch road can be adjusted flexibly according to field condition.
The method of equifrequent, equal phase place is adopted in the control of IGBT pipe in the multichannel MPPT circuit of the present invention, the switching frequency of switching tube that is multichannel boost circuit is consistent, for multichannel MPPT circuit shown in Figure 1, the open phase (opening when the gate pole of IGBT pipe herein is high level) of the IGBT pipe of each bar MPPT branch road can be set to differ successively 360 a degree/way (2 π among the figure represent 360 degree), as shown in Figure 3, this control method can not increase the ripple voltage that reduces to greatest extent output voltage in the situation of filter capacitor.
As shown in Figure 2, the operation principle of described multichannel MPPT circuit is described: when the conducting of IGBT pipe with a branch road, diode D1 cut-off (t=0~DTs), input voltage (being the voltage between first input end PV1+ and the second input PV1-) transmits inductance L 1 to energy and magnetizes, and output voltage (i.e. voltage between the first output DC1 and the second output DC-) is kept by filter capacitor C2 and C3; When the cut-off of IGBT pipe, (t=DTs~Ts), inductance L 1 all discharges the energy of storing previous stage to load and capacitor C 2 and C3 in diode D1 conducting.Obviously, the time of IGBT pipe conducting is longer, be that duty ratio D is larger, negative intercept and capture energy more, output voltage is higher, can realize the maximal power tracing of solar cell by regulating duty ratio D, respectively the duty ratio of each branch road be regulated separately, can realize that the MPPT of each bar MPPT branch road is consistent.
Select suitable IGBT pipe ON time according to the situation of different branch, make the MPPT point on each bar branch road consistent, the multiple branch circuit structure that can well adapt to BIPV, to have reduced difficulty of construction, maximum is brought into play the generating efficiency of BIPV system, and the MPPT way can be adjusted flexibly according to field condition (power is adjustable, way is adjustable), reduce system cost, increase substantially system's cost performance, can satisfy user's multiple demand, practical.
As shown in Figure 4, the invention also discloses a kind of solar photovoltaic inverter that adopts described multichannel MPPT circuit, comprising: multichannel MPPT circuit and the direct current ac conversion circuit of a plurality of solar cells, identical with solar cell quantity way, wherein,
Two outputs of each solar cell respectively with described multichannel MPPT circuit in two inputs of corresponding branch road connect, the first output of every MPPT branch road interconnects in the described multichannel MPPT circuit, and tie point is connected with the first input end of described direct current ac conversion circuit, the second output of every MPPT branch road interconnects in the described multichannel MPPT circuit, and tie point is connected with the second input of described direct current ac conversion circuit.
Above execution mode only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.