CN102831269A - Method for determining technological parameters in flow industrial process - Google Patents

Method for determining technological parameters in flow industrial process Download PDF

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CN102831269A
CN102831269A CN2012102921647A CN201210292164A CN102831269A CN 102831269 A CN102831269 A CN 102831269A CN 2012102921647 A CN2012102921647 A CN 2012102921647A CN 201210292164 A CN201210292164 A CN 201210292164A CN 102831269 A CN102831269 A CN 102831269A
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quality
rule
parameter
technological parameter
optimization
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CN102831269B (en
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王建国
张文兴
石炜
张永强
杨斌
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Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
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Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining technological parameters in a flow industrial process. The method includes the steps of firstly, collecting production data, and using the technological parameters as input and product quality and output to build quality models; secondly, using rule extraction to extract corresponding rules between the input and the output from the production data so as to form a rule library; and thirdly, using optimization to find rules corresponding to given quality indexes according to the given quality indexes, initiating the technological parameters in the range of the rules, using the initiated technological parameters as input of the quality models to predict product quality, calculating errors between the predicted quality and the quality indexes, and correcting to find optimal parameters to enable the errors between the predicted quality and the quality indexes to be minimum. By the method, product yield is improved effectively and production cost is lowered.

Description

A kind of determination method of process flow industry process technological parameter
 
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of determination method of the process flow industry process technological parameter based on data-driven.
Background technology
Producing Process of Processing Industry generally has the features such as multivariable, non-linear, close coupling, product quality changes and changed with working condition, such as disturbed by material composition, operating condition, a variety of uncertain factors of equipment state, and running often has dynamic characteristic, it is difficult to mechanism model come accurate description.Simultaneously as its production process is extremely complex, there is larger gap in the product quality of domestic process industry production, be mainly shown as unstable product quality, life-span are low, percent defective is high etc. compared with same kind of products at abroad.
Product quality control after all or technological parameter setting problem, i.e., according to the quality index backstepping technological parameter of product.
Currently, in domestic major Producing Process of Processing Industry, the adjustment of technological parameter is mainly by artificial experience, the method gathered using exhaustive examination carries out parameter setting, when working conditions change is frequent, only relies on artificial experience and be difficult to timely and accurately adjusting process parameter, cause product quality effectively to control, waste serious, and waste product easily occur.
It is to solve the key issue place that product quality is rationally controlled using a kind of rational method is come optimization process technological parameter and is set.
Process industry can have accumulated substantial amounts of creation data in long-term production process, at present, the extensive use of substantial amounts of novel meter, networked meters and sensing technology in the industrial production, obtain the real time data in a large amount of actual production process, these data have contained the various rules in production process, data driven technique can be utilized, the quantitative relationship between technological parameter and product quality is obtained from substantial amounts of data, and then realizes the various desired functions such as forecast, monitoring, diagnosis and the optimization of system.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is that the defect for overcoming prior art there is provided a kind of determination method of the process flow industry process technological parameter based on data-driven, and it can effectively improve production product yield, reduce production cost.
To solve the above problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
The invention provides a kind of determination method of the process flow industry process technological parameter based on data-driven, methods described comprises the following steps:
1)Quality is modeled:According to the creation data gathered in actual production process, by input of process parameter, product quality be that quality model is set up in output;
2)Rule extraction:According to the creation data gathered in actual production process, the rule of correspondence inputted using the method for rule extraction from extracting data between output, formation rule storehouse;
3)Process parameter optimizing:Using optimization method according to given quality index, find the corresponding rule of given quality index, and in regular scope initialization procedure technological parameter, using the parameter of initialization as quality model input, predict product quality, calculate the error with quality index, according to error, technological parameter is modified using optimization method, constraints is used as using rule during amendment, it is ensured that revised parameter is corrected still in regular scope by optimizing, one group of optimal parameter is found, makes the predicted value of model and the error minimum of quality index.
The quality modeling is using neutral net, SVMs, least square, piece least square, core offset minimum binary or core Ridge Regression Modeling Method.
The rule extraction uses decision tree, RULE EXTRACTION FROM NEURAL NETWORKS or SVMs Rule Extracting Algorithm.
Process parameter optimizing uses particle group optimizing, ant group optimization, fish school optimization, genetic algorithm or immune algorithm.
The advantage of the invention is that:The present invention uses data driven technique, using optimization method, and speed of searching optimization is fast, simple to operate;Make the optimum position of the quality index of product quickly in target range. 
The result that each optimizing is obtained can be offline predicted product quality using quality model, it is to avoid manually often adjusting primary parameter all needs online verification, so that causing substantial amounts of waste product;Moreover, in optimization process, being constrained using rule parameter, it is ensured that the parameter that optimizing is obtained meets produce reality.The present invention can weave into visual software with computer language, and quality index only need to be given on software interface, and required process parameter value just can be obtained quickly so that the optimization of process parameter is determined more conveniently and quickly.
The present invention is applied widely, extends in the process industries such as Coal Chemical Industry, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, solves the empirical and trial sex chromosome mosaicism of processing parameter setting in production process, not only energy-saving, and to stabilized product quality, improves production efficiency significant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technology of the present invention route map.
Fig. 2 is neutral net quality model predictive simulation result figure.
Fig. 3 is decision tree diagram.
Fig. 4 is BP neural network structure chart.
Fig. 5 is decision tree structure figure.
Fig. 6 is particle shifting principle figure.
Embodiment
The determination method of process flow industry process technological parameter of the embodiment 1 based on data-driven
Technology Roadmap is as shown in figure 1, concretely comprise the following steps:
1st step, sets up quality model extracting method:Existing creation data is normalized first, the influence of different dimensions is eliminated, quality model is set up using the data extracted in production process, and utilize the rule knowledge between the method Extraction technique and quality index of rule extraction, formation rule storehouse;
2nd step, the initial value of setting quality target value, the initial value of algorithm parameter and process parameter:Technological parameter first finds its corresponding rule in initialization according to given quality target value, then initializes technological parameter in the scope of rule, reduces optimizing space, accelerates speed of searching optimization;
3rd step, quality model:Using quality model, product quality is predicted according to the technological parameter after optimization;
4th step, calculates product quality:According to the product quality of prediction, calculate the error with given quality target value, and in this, as the evaluation index of optimization, error is smaller, it was demonstrated that with desired value closer to;
5th step, judges whether product quality meets requirement:Error amount is contrasted with given threshold value, if less than threshold value, meeting and requiring, then stops optimization, its corresponding procedure parameter value is optimal value, obtains process parameter value, obtains product quality measured value, goes to the 8th step;
If more than threshold value, being unsatisfactory for requiring, going to the 6th step;
6th step, using optimization method optimizing:According to optimization method, renewal is optimized to process parameter;Obtain new process parameter value;
Whether the 7th step, judge new process parameter value in regular scopeIf in regular scope, going to 3 steps;
Otherwise, by regular Correction and Control parameter, process parameter is limited in the scope of rule, go to 3 steps;
8th step, calculates measured value and desired value error:It is compared using measured value with desired value, if its error is within given allowable error accuracy rating, meets and require, then declarative procedure technological parameter can use, terminate;If its error is modified beyond given allowable error precision to quality model and rule, the new quality model of acquisition and rule go to 2 steps.
The emulation experiment of embodiment 2
In order to verify the validity of the inventive method, the optimization to the technological parameter in the present invention determines that method carries out emulation experiment.
The emulation experiment is by taking certain iron and steel enterprise's strip hot-dip galvanizing production process as an example, according to given quality index, to optimize determination technological parameter.
Technological parameter includes:Air pressurep, air knife to strip distancedAnd unit speedv, target product quality is zinc layer weightw
In process of production, regulation is typically passed throughpdvThese three technological parameters control the zinc layer weight above stripw
When producing a zinc layer weight specified, it is necessary to while adjust these three parameters, be operated at present mainly by artificial experience, cause zinc layer weight not controlled quickly and accurately, waste product occur.
The present embodiment chooses 1000 groups of strip hot-dip galvanizing creation datas, data is normalized first, i.e.,:
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
For the data after normalization,
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
For minimum value in data,
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
For maximum in data,
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
For current data.
Neutral net quality model is set up using 800 groups of data, and checking is predicted using remaining 200 groups of data.
Predicted root mean square error reaches 0.065, and precision reaches 94.5%,
Neutral net quality model predictive simulation result figure is as shown in Figure 2.
The decision tree extracting rule of embodiment 3
Equally, using identical data, using decision tree extracting rule, remaining 200 groups of data is verified to model.
Here first have to classify to zinc layer weight data, required according to the difference to zinc layer weight, zinc layer weight is divided into 3 classifications, i.e., 115< w ≤146(1 class)、80 ≤w <115(2 classes)、48 ≤w <80(3 classes), and this 3 classifications and are inputted into attribute as the root node of decision treepdvThen as the leaf node of tree.
Fig. 3 is obtained decision tree, and its corresponding rule is:
Regular precision reaches 94.34%.
To plate 60 g/m to belt steel surface2During zinc layer weight, it can be found that the zinc layer weight corresponds to rule 4, that is, technological parameter span is constrained.
The particle group optimizing method of embodiment 4
Utilize the method for particle group optimizing, it is first determined the number of population is 50, and iterations is 150, the position of particle is initialized in regular scopeX i = (p,v,d)(That is technological parameter)And speed, assigned error is in ± 0.5g/m2In the range of, zinc layer weight is with 60g/m2As set-point, the corresponding zinc layer weight of each particle is predicted using neutral net quality model, and is contrasted with given progress, if wherein the error of some particle is in ± 0.5g/m2In the range of, then the position of the particle is required technological parameter;If being unsatisfactory for requiring, particle is iterated, the position of more new particle and speed, and using the position of rule constraint particle, defined precision is required or reach until meeting.Optimized by successive ignition, obtained result is:
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
,
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
,
Figure 2012102921647100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
, in regular scope, zinc layer weight is 60g/m2, fully meet requirement.
The BP neural network method of embodiment 5
BP neural network structure shows only one of which hidden layer as shown in figure 4, neutral net is generally divided into input layer 1, hidden layer 2, output layer 3, Fig. 1.In order to without loss of generality, it is assumed here that havehIndividual hidden layer,PIndividual training sample, i.e.,PIndividual inputoutput pair, (k=1,2 ...,P).Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
ForkIndividual sample input vector:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
, " 1 " represents first layer,nFor the neuron number in the dimension of input sample, i.e. input layer;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
ForkThe desired output vector of individual sample:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
,mFor the neuron number in the dimension of output vector, i.e. output layer.
The activation primitive of output layer and hidden layer is here by taking S type activation primitives as an example.
S type activation primitives: 
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
ForkIndividual sample, thehThe of layer networkiThe output valve of individual neuron can be obtained by the forward-propagating process of working signal:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
                                                  (1.1)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
                                           (1.2)
Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
Forh- 1 layerjThe output valve of individual neuron,ForhThe of layeriIndividual neuron andh- 1 layerjThe connection weight of individual neuron,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
ForhThe of layeriThe threshold value of individual neuron.
Input layer from network can obtain the output valve of each neuron successively to hidden layer, then to output layer with formula (1.1), (1.2).
The derivation of BP algorithm mathematic(al) representation is given below.For convenience of explanation, illustrate below all withkExemplified by individual sample.
 
Output layerkThe desired output of individual sample and the mean square error of reality output are:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
                                  (1.3) 
In modification
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
When,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
With
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
Negative gradient direction it is relevant, i.e.,:
      
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
            
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
In order to improve the learning ability of neutral net, learning rate is added in network training
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
, i.e.,: 
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
                                                (1.4)
                                                 (1.5)
In actual learning process, learning rateInfluence to learning process is very big.
Figure 85594DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
It is the step-length by gradient search.
Therefore, modified weight formula is:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
                                       (1.6)
Threshold value correction formula is:
                                         (1.7)
Wherein,tFor times of revision.
By formula (1.1), (1.2), (1.3) can obtain:,
By formula (1.1), (1.2), so as to have:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
                          
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
Then
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
                                  (1.8)
                                         (1.9)
By formula (1.1), (1.2), (13) are understood
 
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
                                 (1.10) 
Now layering considers, obtains
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
(1) output layer
Ifh=H, then illustrate
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
It is output layerHOutput.
By formula (1.3):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
, wherein
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
Desired value, i.e. constant, therefore have:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
                         (1.11)
According to formula (1.10) and formula (1.11), have
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
                                        (1.12)
(2) hidden layer
If h<H, then the layer is hidden layer, is at this moment considered as effect of the last layer to it.
    
By formula (1.2),
Figure 488500DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
, when can obtain,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
,
So as to have
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
        
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
Convolution (1.10) has:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
By taking three-layer network as an example (i.e. last layer be output layer, and only one layer hidden layer)
Note
The weights of output layer, threshold value correction formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
                       (1.13)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
                             (1.14)
The weights of middle hidden layer, threshold value correction formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
           (1.15)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
                 (1.16)
Four formula (1.13) derived above, (1.14), (1.15), (1.16) are four important formulas in BP algorithm implementation process.
The rule extraction uses traditional decision-tree, and other Rule Extracting Algorithms similarly can be with extracting rule, such as RULE EXTRACTION FROM NEURAL NETWORKS, SVMs rule extraction.
The traditional decision-tree of embodiment 6
Decision Tree algorithms are the selection standards by the use of information gain as attribute, and the maximum attribute of selection information gain produces decision-making tree node, to cause when testing each non-leaf node, can obtain the classification information maximum on being tested trial record.Branch is set up by the different values of the attribute, subset recursive call this method to each branch sets up the branch of decision-making tree node again, untill all collection only include same category of data, finally obtain a decision tree, I can be obtained by rule from decision tree, and the form of decision tree is as shown in Figure 5.
If X is the set of training data sample, altogethernIndividual sample,mIndividual classification, the destination of study is exactly willnIndividual training sample is divided intomClass, is designated as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
If, theiThe training sample number of class is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
, a sample belongs toiThe probability of class is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
, then the sample X classification needed for expectation information be given by:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
                        (2.1)
If attribute A hasvIndividual different value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
,In the case of belong toiThe example number of class is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
, i.e.,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
Value for testing attribute A is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
When belong toiThe probability of class, noteFor
Figure 325787DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
When example set, then training sample set pair attribute A its expect information be:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
                    (2.2)
It is each that testing attribute A is grown
Figure 202476DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
Leaf node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
Comentropy for classification information is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
                                  (2.3)
The information gain of acquisition is by attribute A top sets: 
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
                         (2.4)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
It is bigger, illustrate that the information for selecting testing attribute A to be provided for classification is bigger, therefore, according toAs testing attribute selection standard split training sample, obtain into decision tree, decision tree finally changed into rule.
The process parameter optimizing uses particle group optimizing (Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO) method, the rule that bond quality model and decision tree obtain realizes the optimization of technological parameter, other optimization methods are equally applicable to this patent, such as ant group algorithm, fish-swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm.
The particle group optimizing method of embodiment 7
In PSO algorithms, the potential solution of each optimization problem is a bird in search space, is referred to as " particle ", i.e., the position of each particle is exactly a potential solution.Particle number is referred to as population scalem, theiIndividual particle existsdThe positional representation of dimension space is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
, (i=1,2,…,m), speedDetermine the displacement of particle search mikey iterations.Calculate each particle
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
, fitness function typically determines by function optimised in practical problem.According to each particle
Figure 478922DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
, update each particle
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
With
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
.Here whether " optimal " is determined by specific optimization problem:If the problem maximizing, particle fitness is got over greatly optimal;If conversely, the problem is minimized, particle fitness is smaller to be optimal.Particle updates its speed and position by the individual extreme value of dynamic tracking and global most value.Particle updates its speed and position according to below equation:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
   (3.1)
                                        (3.2)
In formulaiForiIndividual particle, j=1,2 ...,dc1、c2 be Studying factors, that is, is respectively regulated to the maximum step-length of global preferably particle and individual preferably particle direction flight, if too small, if particle, too big, can cause to fly to target area suddenly, or fly over target area possibly remote from target area.tFor iterations, rand () is the random number being evenly distributed between (0-1).At no point in the update process, particle is in maximal rate of the speed per one-dimensional flight no more than algorithm setting
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
, i.e.,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE162
, otherwise
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
Or=.Set larger
Figure 553189DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
The ability of searching optimum of particle populations can be ensured,
Figure 284384DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
The local search ability of smaller then population is strengthened.Meanwhile, particle is also limited in allowed band per one-dimensional coordinate
Figure 277748DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The shifting principle of particle is as shown in Figure 6.
Utilize comprising the following steps that for particle group optimizing technological parameter:
1) quality index T and optimization precision E are given, using technological parameter as the position of particle, particle number is initializedm, each particle speedV, positionX、Speed maximum
Figure 32078DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
, largest loop iterations
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE168
2) individual extreme value place is initialized
Figure 80674DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
, global extremum position
Figure 604059DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
, individual extreme value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
, global extremum
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
3) using the position of particle as input, the corresponding quality of each particle is calculated using the quality model above set upY, and and quality indexTContrast, calculates the fitness of particle
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE174
4) drawn by comparing
Figure 96220DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
Figure 150895DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
Figure 426019DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
.Exemplified by minimizing:
If<, =
Figure 101849DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE176
 =
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE178
;Otherwise,
Figure 935813DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
Figure 886451DEST_PATH_IMAGE176
It is constant;
If
Figure 768957DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
<
Figure 934490DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
,
Figure 877038DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
 =
Figure 314973DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE180
 =;Otherwise,
Figure 757827DEST_PATH_IMAGE180
It is constant.
5) position and the speed of each particle are updated;
According to formula (3.1), the speed of formula (3.2) more new particle and position, and consider the speed after updating and position whether in the range of restriction.
Consider speed:If
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE182
, then
Figure 496107DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
If
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE184
, then
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE186
OtherwiseIt is constant.
Meanwhile, in order to consider technological parameter in each searching process all in the scope of rule, this patent finds corresponding rule according to given quality index T first, that is, obtains the scope of technological parameter, if the scope of a certain parameter for [
Figure 782732DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
,
Figure 155813DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
], then constrain as follows:
If
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE190
, then
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE192
If
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE194
, then
Otherwise
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE198
It is constant.
6) whether number of comparisons reaches maximum iteration or default precision.If meeting default precision, i.e.,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE200
, algorithmic statement, last time iteration
Figure 315530DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
Figure 728057DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
It is exactly optimal value position and the optimal value required by us;Otherwise return to step 3), algorithm continues iteration.
Finally it should be noted that:Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, it can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And among the obvious change or variation thus amplified out are still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of determination method of process flow industry process technological parameter, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps:
1)Quality is modeled:According to the creation data gathered in actual production process, by input of process parameter, product quality be that quality model is set up in output;
2)Rule extraction:According to the creation data gathered in actual production process, the rule of correspondence inputted using the method for rule extraction from extracting data between output, formation rule storehouse;
3)Process parameter optimizing:Using optimization method according to given quality index, find the corresponding rule of given quality index, and in regular scope initialization procedure technological parameter, using the parameter of initialization as quality model input, predict product quality, calculate the error with quality index, according to error, technological parameter is modified using optimization method, constraints is used as using rule during amendment, it is ensured that revised parameter is corrected still in regular scope by optimizing, one group of optimal parameter is found, makes the predicted value of model and the error minimum of quality index.
2. a kind of determination method of process flow industry process technological parameter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The quality modeling is using neutral net, SVMs, least square, piece least square, core offset minimum binary or core Ridge Regression Modeling Method.
3. a kind of determination method of process flow industry process technological parameter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rule extraction uses decision tree, RULE EXTRACTION FROM NEURAL NETWORKS or SVMs Rule Extracting Algorithm.
4. a kind of determination method of process flow industry process technological parameter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Process parameter optimizing uses particle group optimizing, ant group optimization, fish school optimization, genetic algorithm or immune algorithm.
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