CN102825505B - Online detecting system of machine tool cutters based on machine vision - Google Patents
Online detecting system of machine tool cutters based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN102825505B CN102825505B CN201210309062.1A CN201210309062A CN102825505B CN 102825505 B CN102825505 B CN 102825505B CN 201210309062 A CN201210309062 A CN 201210309062A CN 102825505 B CN102825505 B CN 102825505B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online detecting system of machine tool cutters based on a machine vision. The online detecting system of machine tool cutters comprises a mechanical arm with multiple freedom degrees, an image acquisition device and a computer. The mechanical arm is mounted on a machine tool and comprises a longitudinal moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism and a turning mechanism. The lower end of the longitudinal moving mechanism is connected with the transverse moving mechanism through the rotating mechanism. The turning mechanism is mounted on the transverse moving mechanism. The image acquisition device is mounted in the turning mechanism. The longitudinal moving mechanism, the rotating mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism, the turning mechanism, and the image acquisition device are connected with the computer. By the online detecting system of machine tool cutters, macroscopic shape and size detecting and microcosmic wear detecting can be directly and automatically performed to a cutter mounted on a mandrel in a limited space of the machine tool, acquired images are high in quality, and detecting results are accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine tool in-place detection system, be specifically related to a kind of machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision.
Background technology
Cutter is the most widely used machining tool of the lathe in current industrial production, and its parameter and quality directly determine quality and the qualification rate of processing.In order to ensure crudy, in design, processing and the use of cutter, must measure cutter, to guarantee part crudy, enhance productivity, reduce production costs.
In metal cutting process, operating personnel are difficult to see clearly at the particularly cutting tool state on heavy duty machine tools of rounding machine cutter with naked eyes.The laboratory research detecting about cutter worn-off damage for a long time and the various tool life management model study based on theory or experience emerge in an endless stream, this illustrates that people are fully recognized that the necessity of wanting head it off on the one hand, and difficulty and the complexity of this problem is also described on the other hand.Because the complexity of cutter material, geometrical condition and working environment, what people attempted is all difficult to characterize reliably cutter virtual condition in production environment based on indirect estimation methods such as cutting force or machine tool chief axis power.Therefore, cutting tool state detection and regulator control system are difficult problems generally acknowledged in lathe and machining field always.Still rarely enterprise uses cutter Automatic Measurement Technique at present.
Image detection has direct and reliable feature.The microscope of band CCD (Charge-coupled Device, Chinese full name is: charge coupled cell) shooting has good certainty of measurement, but can only detect in small field of view at use for laboratory; Optical projection type tool setting gauge (tool presetter) also can only be at measuring chamber for carrying out flat shape and dimensional measurement to cutter, the off-line Static Detection such as the circular runout of point of a knife angle, arc radius and the dish class cutter of such as projection, helpless to cutter 3D shape dimensional parameters, also without microcosmic wear detection function.Except simple contact tool setting gauge, domestic also do not have practical in rounding machine cutter state-detection amount instrument.The more existing cutter on-line detector devices of industry advanced country, some has become commodity, but be mainly based on contact type measurement or laser measurement, as the laser type cutting tools measurement instrument of Reinshaw company of Britain, when use, work in-process heart workbench is installed laser beam transmitter on one side, another side is installed laser beam receiver, and main suitable detection cutter is disrumpent feelings, and Cutter wear and complex geometric shapes detection are not suitable for.Operating personnel also feel not bery reliable and convenient to the use of the non-visual detection method directly perceived of this class and device.
There is in recent years a small amount of scholar to attempt carrying out the image detection at rounding machine cutter based on vision technique, but taking General Principle and image processing method introduction as main, IMAQ is all to adopt use for laboratory to add long tube type amplification imaging equipment and general light source substantially, manually adjusts and trigger camera picked-up single-frame images.But such checkout gear takes up room greatly, often need removal workpiece or some machine tool components to pacify and can hold, be difficult to be arranged on the detection in place of carrying out cutter in the limited space of lathe in actual production; In addition imaging viewing field is little, can not take into account macroshape size and the surface microscopic state-detection of cutter; And can not automatically adjust camera focus and visual field and light source, therefore automation and intelligent degree are low, detection efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that the present invention exists in order to overcome above prior art, provides a kind of, machine tool in-place detection system that can across yardstick automatic precision detect little based on taking up room of machine vision.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision, comprises multivariant mechanical arm, image acquiring device and computer; Described mechanical arm is installed on lathe, and mechanical arm comprises vertical shift mechanism, rotating mechanism, transverse-moving mechanism and switching mechanism; The end of vertical shift mechanism is connected with transverse-moving mechanism by rotating mechanism, and switching mechanism is installed on transverse-moving mechanism, and image acquiring device is installed in switching mechanism; Motor in vertical shift mechanism, rotating mechanism, transverse-moving mechanism, switching mechanism and image acquiring device all passes through integrated drive plate and is connected with computer.
Described vertical shift mechanism comprises tooth bar, the first gear, the first guiding polished rod, connector, vertical shift stepper motor, fixed mount and toothed belt transmission pair; Tooth bar is through the groove of connector, the first gear is installed in the groove of connector, and engage with tooth bar, the first gear is connected with vertical shift stepper motor by toothed belt transmission is secondary simultaneously, vertical shift stepper motor is installed on connector by fixed mount, the first guiding polished rod is through the through hole of connector, and vertical shift stepper motor is connected with Computer signal, and the end of the end of tooth bar and the first guiding polished rod is all fixed on one end of rotating mechanism.Be parked in certain height after cutter quits work time, the control module of computer drives vertical shift stepper motor, and vertical shift stepper motor rotates by moving the first gear of toothed belt transmission subband, thereby can regulate camera at suitable height, cutter to be made a video recording.
Preferred as one, the number of described the first guiding polished rod is 2, is installed on respectively the both sides of tooth bar.The length of tooth bar and the first guiding polished rod is determined according to the inner space of the size of lathe and lathe.
Described connector is installed on main shaft shell body or workbench or inwall or the back timber of lathe.
Preferred as one, described connector is installed on the main shaft shell body of lathe.
Described rotating mechanism comprises rotating frame, rotating stepper motor, the first shaft coupling, connecting axle, bearing and locking nut; Rotating stepper motor is installed on the top in the groove of rotating frame, the output shaft of rotating stepper motor is connected with the upper end of the first shaft coupling, the first shaft coupling lower end is connected with connecting axle, connecting axle is through bearing, and the lower end of connecting axle is fixedly connected with the upper end of transverse-moving mechanism by locking nut, and rotating stepper motor is connected with Computer signal.The control module of computer drives electric rotating machine, thereby drives the image acquiring device that transverse-moving mechanism and transverse-moving mechanism carry in horizontal plane, to carry out the rotation of 360 ° by connecting axle, thereby can increase the scope of detection.
Described transverse-moving mechanism comprises that traversing framework, the first leading screw, the second guiding polished rod, second connect axial organ, feed screw nut plate, installing frame and traversing stepper motor, the first leading screw is installed on the centre of traversing framework, and the two ends of the first leading screw are installed on respectively the two ends of traversing framework, the second guiding polished rod is installed in traversing framework, and be positioned at the both sides of the first leading screw, the lower end of feed screw nut plate is passed by the first leading screw and the second guiding polished rod simultaneously, upper end is provided with U-lag, image acquiring device is installed on by switching mechanism in the U-lag of feed screw nut plate, traversing stepper motor is installed on the tail end of traversing framework by installing frame, and the output shaft of traversing stepper motor is connected with the first leading screw by the second shaft coupling, traversing stepper motor is connected with Computer signal.Drive traversing stepper motor by the control module of computer, thereby can adjust the camera lens of camera with respect to the distance of cutter.In the time of distant between camera lens and cutter, camera is taken the side image of cutter, thereby can detect the side view size of cutter; And in the time of close together between camera lens and cutter, camera will be taken cutter head local side image, thereby detect the microstate of cutter head side, as the degree of wear of cutter.On this basis, relend and help the rotation of machine tool chief axis band cutter, can detect the whole circumferential surface of cutter.
Described switching mechanism comprises rollover stand and upset stepper motor; Rollover stand and upset stepper motor are installed on respectively the medial and lateral of U-lag, and image acquiring device is installed in rollover stand, and the output shaft of upset stepper motor inserts the square hole of rollover stand, and the stepper motor that simultaneously overturns is connected with Computer signal.The control module of computer drives upset stepper motor, thereby drives camera in vertical plane, to carry out the rotation of 180 °.In the time that needs detect knife end surface state, camera rotates 90 °, makes camera lens upward, and vertical with horizontal plane.Meanwhile, the control module of computer drives traversing stepper motor, drives camera to move at horizontal plane, makes camera lens face the end face of cutter, so can make camera take the end face of cutter, thereby can carry out the state-detection of cutter end face.
Described image acquiring device comprises camera and light source; Camera is fixedly installed in rollover stand, and the camera lens front end of camera is provided with protective cover, and light source is installed on the front of camera lens, and camera is connected with Computer signal.The protective cover that camera lens front end is installed is zero diopter protective cover, thereby prevents mist of oil and smear metal pollution camera lens (while particularly taking from the bottom up cutter end face), affects the quality of image, thereby affects testing result.
Preferred as one, described camera adopts mega pixel level industrial digital camera, and there is 25mm tight shot, between camera and camera lens, there is adapter ring to regulate visual field and object distance relation, within 125mm object distance, take micro-wearing and tearing visual field and be not less than 20*20mm, within 300mm object distance, take long limit, macro-size visual field and be not less than 65mm.
The described machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision also comprises two guiding slotted vanes, the second leading screw, feed screw nut frame and roll adjustment stepper motors; The slide bar of described light source both sides inserts guiding slotted vane, and light source is installed on the second leading screw by feed screw nut frame simultaneously, and roll adjustment stepper motor is installed on the afterbody of miniature leading screw, and is connected with Computer signal simultaneously.The second leading screw is miniature screw mandrel, drives roll adjustment stepper motor to drive the second leading screw to rotate, thereby regulate between light source and camera lens in distance by the control module of computer.Therefore under the bright intensity that camera can be suitable, take and obtain picture.
The described machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision also comprises the second gear, fixed head and focusing stepper motor; Described the second gear is installed on the output shaft of focusing stepper motor, and engages with the focusing gear ring of camera simultaneously, and focusing stepper motor is fixedly installed in camera by fixed head, and focusing stepper motor is connected with Computer signal.Thereby the control module of utilizing computer drives focusing stepper motor can carry out automatic focusing, obtains high quality graphic.Between camera main-body and camera lens, can select the adapter ring of different size, to regulate visual field and the object distance relation of camera.
The lower end of the main shaft shell body of described lathe is provided with backlight arrangement, backlight arrangement comprises backlight, installing plate and connecting plate, and backlight is positioned at the front of light source, backlight is articulated with the lower end of connecting plate, the upper end of connecting plate and installing plate lower end are hinged, the upper end of installing plate is fixedly mounted on the lower end of main shaft shell body, and detected cutter is between light source and backlight.Connecting plate plays a folding effect.In the time cutter being carried out to side shooting, if in the situation of have powerful connections interference or intensity of illumination deficiency, backlight (or using separately motor to drive) can be manually set, thereby remove the interference of background and strengthen illumination.In the time that backlight does not use, can upwards draw in, thereby can not affect the processing of cutter.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows: in the time that detection system is not worked, camera is positioned at highest point; Before detection system is started working, first computer carries out system initialization to detection system, even each stepper motor parameter in detection system and the zero clearing of image processing parameter, then operating personnel are according to the cutter parameters control instruction that input need to be taken each location parameter and the image processing parameter of cutter image in computer successively of concrete detection target and requirement detection, click " bringing into operation " button in the user interface of computer, detection system enters automatic detected state again.When each stepper motor of computer drives makes camera reach predetermined camera site, automatically enter focusing, focusing stepper motor drives camera lens to adjust before and after automatically and cutter is taken to image series continuously simultaneously, and the camera focusing software program in computer is according to wherein picture rich in detail of focusing function automatic discrimination.Focusing step motor control module in computer is according to after the picture rich in detail signal obtaining, then control signal is fed back to focusing stepper motor by general serial or parallel interface, fixes on correspondence position and makes a video recording thereby control camera lens.Afterwards the image of shooting is sent to computer, the image analysis software in computer is carried out Treatment Analysis to image, thereby detects the state of cutter, and the testing result of cutter is shown in computer screen; After detection finishes, computer control camera returns to original position, and camera is positioned at highest point, thereby makes detection system in the time not working, and does not affect the work of cutter.
The present invention has advantages of as follows with respect to prior art:
1, machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention is by vertical shift mechanism, rotating mechanism, connection between transverse-moving mechanism and switching mechanism, make camera determine in different positions according to different requirements by the motion of the multiple mechanisms of computer control and parts, make camera in limited lathe space, can obtain cutter across scalogram picture, therefore can automatically complete the flank of tool, the macroshape of bottom surface, the detection of size and cutter gall and damage microcosmic detection, and mechanism's compactness of detection system, in the time that detection system is not worked, can not affect the processing operation of lathe.
2, the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention not only camera lens can automatically regulate from the distance between cutter and angle, and distance between light source and camera lens also can regulate automatically, therefore it is high that camera obtains the quality of cutter image, thereby make the testing result of cutter more accurate.
3, the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention can directly detect cutting tool state in lathe, and does not need under cutter dismounting, to detect again, so greatly reduced detection time and saved the time of tool setting again; And each mechanism in detection system and the motion of parts be all by computer control, thereby automation and the intelligent degree of detection system are improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of mechanical arm of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of vertical shift of the present invention mechanism.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rotating mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of transverse-moving mechanism of the present invention, switching mechanism and image acquiring device.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention in the time detecting the state of flank of tool geomery.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention in the time detecting the state of flank of tool microcosmic.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention in the time detecting knife end surface state.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention in the time of off working state.
Figure 10 is the workflow diagram of the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision as shown in Figures 1 to 5, comprises multivariant mechanical arm, image acquiring device 7 and computer; Described mechanical arm is installed on lathe, and mechanical arm comprises vertical shift mechanism 4, rotating mechanism 5, transverse-moving mechanism 6 and switching mechanism 8; The end of vertical shift mechanism 4 is connected with transverse-moving mechanism 6 by rotating mechanism 5, and switching mechanism 8 is installed on transverse-moving mechanism 6, and image acquiring device 7 is installed in switching mechanism 8; Vertical shift mechanism 4, rotating mechanism 5, transverse-moving mechanism 6, tipper 8 structures are all connected with computer with image acquiring device 7.
Described vertical shift mechanism 4 comprises tooth bar 12, the first gear 13, the first guiding polished rod 11, connector 10, vertical shift stepper motor 15, fixed mount 9 and toothed belt transmission pair 14; Tooth bar 12 is through the groove of connector 10, the first gear 13 is installed in the groove of connector 10, and engage with tooth bar 12, the first gear 13 is connected with vertical shift stepper motor 15 by toothed belt transmission secondary 14 simultaneously, vertical shift stepper motor 15 is installed on connector 10 by fixed mount 9, the first guiding polished rod 11 is through the through hole of connector 10, and vertical shift stepper motor 15 is connected with Computer signal, and the end of the end of tooth bar 12 and the first guiding polished rod 11 is all fixed on one end of rotating mechanism 5.Preferred as one, the upper end of the rotating frame 22 in rotating mechanism 5 is all fixed in the lower end of tooth bar 12 and the first guiding polished rod 11.The number of described the first guiding polished rod 11 is 2, is installed on respectively the both sides of tooth bar 12.The length of tooth bar 12 and the first guiding polished rod 11 is determined according to the inner space of the size of lathe and lathe.
Preferred as one, described connector 10 is installed on the main shaft shell body 3 of lathe.
Described rotating mechanism 5 comprises rotating frame 22, rotating stepper motor 16, the first shaft coupling 17, connecting axle 18, bearing 19 and locking nut 21; Rotating stepper motor 16 is installed on the top in the groove of rotating frame 22, the output shaft of rotating stepper motor 16 is connected with the upper end of the first shaft coupling 17, the first shaft coupling lower end 17 is connected with connecting axle 18, connecting axle 18 is through bearing 19, and the lower end of connecting axle 18 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the traversing framework in transverse-moving mechanism 6 by locking nut 21, and rotating stepper motor 16 is connected with Computer signal.
Described transverse-moving mechanism 6 comprises traversing framework 20, the first leading screw 24, the second guiding polished rod 23, the second connection axial organ 27, feed screw nut plate 30, installing frame 25 and traversing stepper motor 26, the first leading screw 24 is installed on the centre of traversing framework 20, and the two ends of the first leading screw 24 are installed on respectively the two ends of traversing framework 20, the second guiding polished rod 23 is installed in traversing framework 20, and be positioned at the both sides of the first leading screw 24, the lower end of feed screw nut plate 30 is passed by the first leading screw 24 and the second guiding polished rod 23 simultaneously, upper end is provided with U-lag, image acquiring device 7 is installed on by switching mechanism 8 in the U-lag of feed screw nut plate 30, traversing stepper motor 26 is installed on the tail end of traversing framework 20 by installing frame 25, and the output shaft of traversing stepper motor 26 is connected with the first leading screw 24 by the second shaft coupling 27, traversing stepper motor 26 is connected with Computer signal.The two ends of described the first leading screw 24 are installed on respectively header board 31 and the rear plate 28 of traversing framework 20 by bearing, and one end of the first leading screw 24 is connected with traversing stepper motor 26 by the second shaft joint 27.And 2 second both sides that guide polished rod 23 to lay respectively at the first leading screw 24, and the two ends of the second guiding polished rod 23 are individually fixed in header board 31 and rear plate 28.
Described switching mechanism 8 comprises rollover stand 40 and upset stepper motor 29; Rollover stand 40 and upset stepper motor 28 are installed on respectively the medial and lateral of U-lag, and image acquiring device 7 is installed in rollover stand 40, and the output shaft of upset stepper motor 29 inserts the square hole of rollover stand 40, and the stepper motor 29 that simultaneously overturns is connected with Computer signal.
Described image acquiring device comprises camera 42 and light source 34; Camera 42 is fixedly installed in rollover stand 40, and the camera lens front end of camera 42 is provided with protective cover 36, and light source 34 is installed on the front of camera lens, and camera 42 is connected with Computer signal.
Preferred as one, described camera adopts mega pixel level industrial digital camera, and 25mm tight shot is housed, and between camera and camera lens, has adapter ring, within 125mm object distance, take micro-wearing and tearing visual field and be not less than 20*20mm, within 300mm object distance, take long limit, macro-size visual field and be not less than 65mm.
The described machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision also comprises two guiding slotted vanes 35, the second leading screw 32, feed screw nut frame 33 and roll adjustment stepper motors; The slide bar of described light source 34 both sides inserts guiding slotted vane 35, and light source 34 is installed on the second leading screw 32 by feed screw nut frame 33 simultaneously, and roll adjustment stepper motor is installed on the afterbody of the second leading screw, and is connected with Computer signal simultaneously.
The described machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision also comprises the second gear 38, fixed head 41 and focusing stepper motor 39; Described the second gear 38 is installed on the output shaft of focusing stepper motor 39, and engages with the focusing gear ring 37 of camera 42 simultaneously, and focusing stepper motor 39 is fixedly installed in camera 42 by fixed head 41, and focusing stepper motor 39 is connected with Computer signal.
The lower end of the main shaft shell body of described lathe is provided with backlight arrangement 2, backlight arrangement comprises backlight 201, connecting plate 202 and installing plate 203, and backlight 201 is positioned at the front of light source 34, backlight 201 is articulated with the lower end of connecting plate 202, the upper end of connecting plate 202 and installing plate 203 lower ends are hinged, the upper end of installing plate 203 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of main shaft shell body, and detected cutter is between light source and backlight.
According to Figure 10, each detected state of this machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision:
As Fig. 6, in the time that needs detect cutter 1 side view size, first utilize to calculate detection system is initialized, then the control instruction of input to each stepper motor in computer.First drive vertical shift stepper motor 15 to adjust camera 42 and arrive the height of setting, drive again rotating stepper motor 16 to make camera 42 rotate certain angle, make the camera lens of camera 42 just to cutter 1, then drive traversing stepper motor 26 to drive camera 42 to move horizontally, making the distance between camera lens and cutter 1 is the size of setting.Utilize focusing stepper motor 39 to regulate the focal length of camera 42, adjust to after suitable focal length, start camera 42 cutter 1 is taken, and the image that shooting is obtained is sent to computer by serial port.Image processing software in computer carries out Treatment Analysis to image, thereby detects the side view size of cutter 1.In the time carrying out side shooting, machine tool chief axis can be with cutter 1 to rotate, thereby camera 42 can be taken the whole circumference side of cutter 1.The image of taking sends computer to and carries out Treatment Analysis, and the data of Treatment Analysis are preserved, and shows result by computer screen simultaneously.In the process of side shooting, backlight 201 determines whether leave behind according to the situation of the needs of illumination and background.
As Fig. 7, need to detect the microstate of cutter 1 side time, first utilize to calculate detection system is initialized, then the control instruction of input to each stepper motor in computer.Utilize computer control vertical shift stepper motor 15 and rotating stepper motor 16, make camera 42 move to suitable height and in horizontal plane, turn to the correct position that makes the camera lens of camera 42 face cutter 1 termination.Drive traversing stepper motor 26, the camera lens that makes camera 42 near cutter 1 termination side, then after camera 42 is adjusted focal length, shooting at close range is carried out in the side of cutter 1 termination and obtain image, again image is sent to computer and carry out Treatment Analysis, and will show that data preserve to the microstate analysis of cutter termination, show result by computer screen simultaneously.In the process of side microimaging, machine tool chief axis can be with cutter 1 to rotate, thereby camera 42 can photograph whole circumference side, cutter termination, and now backlight 201 is generally in rounding state;
As Fig. 8, in the time need to detecting the end face of cutter 1, first utilize to calculate detection system is initialized, then the control instruction of input to each stepper motor in computer.Utilize computer control vertical shift stepper motor 15 and rotating stepper motor 16, make camera 42 be positioned at the height of setting and rotate certain angle; Drive again upset stepper motor 29, make camera 42 in vertical plane, overturn 90 °, make the camera lens of camera 42 upward; Then drive traversing stepper motor 26, make the camera lens of camera 42 face the end face of cutter 1; Again the focal length of camera 42 is adjusted to behind suitable position, camera 42 is taken and is obtained image the end face of cutter 1, and image is sent to computer, and computer utilizes Treatment Analysis software to carry out Treatment Analysis to the image of end face, and the data that this analysis is drawn preserve, logical computer screen shows result simultaneously.In the time that the end face of cutter 1 detects, because do not need to use backlight 201, so backlight is in rounding state.
As shown in Figure 9, when detection system is during in off working state, the traversing framework 20 in transverse-moving mechanism 6 is parallel with the main shaft shell body 3 of lathe, and camera 42 is risen to extreme higher position by vertical shift mechanism 4 simultaneously, thereby the work of avoiding detection system affect cutter moves.
Embodiment 2
This machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision except following characteristics with embodiment 1: preferred as one, described connector 10 is installed on the inwall of lathe.
Above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit the present invention, and other any change or other equivalent substitute mode that does not deviate from technical scheme of the present invention and make, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision, is characterized in that: comprise multivariant mechanical arm, image acquiring device and computer; Described mechanical arm is installed on lathe, and mechanical arm comprises vertical shift mechanism, rotating mechanism, transverse-moving mechanism and switching mechanism; The end of vertical shift mechanism is connected with transverse-moving mechanism by rotating mechanism, and switching mechanism is installed on transverse-moving mechanism, and image acquiring device is installed in switching mechanism; Vertical shift mechanism, rotating mechanism, transverse-moving mechanism, switching mechanism and image acquiring device are all connected with computer;
Described vertical shift mechanism comprises tooth bar, the first gear, the first guiding polished rod, connector, vertical shift stepper motor, fixed mount and toothed belt transmission pair; Tooth bar is through the groove of connector, the first gear is installed in the groove of connector, and engage with tooth bar, the first gear is connected with vertical shift stepper motor by toothed belt transmission is secondary simultaneously, vertical shift stepper motor is installed on connector by fixed mount, the first guiding polished rod is through the through hole of connector, and vertical shift stepper motor is connected with Computer signal, and the end of the end of tooth bar and the first guiding polished rod is all fixed on one end of rotating mechanism.
2. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described connector is installed on main shaft shell body or workbench or inwall or the back timber of lathe.
3. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotating mechanism comprises rotating frame, rotating stepper motor, the first shaft coupling, connecting axle, bearing and locking nut; Rotating stepper motor is installed on the top in the groove of rotating frame, the output shaft of rotating stepper motor is connected with the upper end of the first shaft coupling, the first shaft coupling lower end is connected with connecting axle, connecting axle is through bearing, and the lower end of connecting axle is fixedly connected with the upper end of transverse-moving mechanism by locking nut, and rotating stepper motor is connected with Computer signal.
4. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described transverse-moving mechanism comprises that traversing framework, the first leading screw, the second guiding polished rod, second connect axial organ, feed screw nut plate, installing frame and traversing stepper motor, the first leading screw is installed on the centre of traversing framework, and the two ends of the first leading screw are installed on respectively the two ends of traversing framework, the second guiding polished rod is installed in traversing framework, and be positioned at the both sides of the first leading screw, the lower end of feed screw nut plate is passed by the first leading screw and the second guiding polished rod simultaneously, upper end is provided with U-lag, image acquiring device is installed on by switching mechanism in the U-lag of feed screw nut plate, traversing stepper motor is installed on the tail end of traversing framework by installing frame, and the output shaft of traversing stepper motor is connected with the first leading screw by the second shaft coupling, traversing stepper motor is connected with Computer signal.
5. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described switching mechanism comprises rollover stand and upset stepper motor; Rollover stand and upset stepper motor are installed on respectively the medial and lateral of U-lag, and image acquiring device is installed in rollover stand, and the output shaft of upset stepper motor inserts the square hole of rollover stand, and the stepper motor that simultaneously overturns is connected with Computer signal.
6. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described image acquiring device comprises camera and light source; Camera is fixedly installed in rollover stand, and the camera lens front end of camera is provided with protective cover, and light source is installed on the front of camera lens, and camera is connected with Computer signal.
7. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 6, is characterized in that: also comprise two guiding slotted vanes, the second leading screw, feed screw nut frame and roll adjustment stepper motors; The slide bar of described light source both sides inserts guiding slotted vane, and light source is installed on the second leading screw by feed screw nut frame simultaneously, and roll adjustment stepper motor is installed on the afterbody of the second leading screw, and is connected with Computer signal simultaneously.
8. the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision according to claim 6, is characterized in that: also comprise the second gear, fixed head and focusing stepper motor; Described the second gear is installed on the output shaft of focusing stepper motor, and engages with the focusing gear ring of camera simultaneously, and focusing stepper motor is fixedly installed in camera by fixed head, and focusing stepper motor is connected with Computer signal.
9. according to the machine tool in-place detection system based on machine vision described in any one in claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that: the lower end of the main shaft shell body of described lathe is provided with backlight arrangement, backlight arrangement comprises backlight, installing plate and connecting plate, and backlight is positioned at the front of light source, backlight is articulated with the lower end of connecting plate, the upper end of connecting plate and installing plate lower end are hinged, the upper end of installing plate is fixedly mounted on the lower end of main shaft shell body, and detected cutter is between light source and backlight.
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| CN201210309062.1A CN102825505B (en) | 2012-08-27 | 2012-08-27 | Online detecting system of machine tool cutters based on machine vision |
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| CN103586740B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-04-06 | 东华大学 | A kind of fine precision process tool work pattern is at position detecting method |
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