CN102750284A - Method for designing four-dimensional geographic information system based on information space - Google Patents
Method for designing four-dimensional geographic information system based on information space Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing a four-dimensional geographic information system. The method comprises the following steps of: dividing an information space into point-line-surface three-grade particles; fusing the information space and the content of the information space through a relevant database table; and coupling the information space and a traditional three-dimensional geographic information system through relevant database table. The invention proposes a brand-new concept on the information space and provides a concrete method for defining the information space and embedding a fourth-dimensional information space in the traditional three-dimensional geographic information system, so that the method is updated to become a method for a four-dimensional next-generation geographic information system.
Description
Technical field:
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of Design of Geographic Information System method of four dimensions, and especially a kind of is the Design of Geographic Information System method of fourth dimension degree with the information space.
Background technology:
GIS-Geographic Information System is a kind of specific crucial space information system.It is under the support of computing machine hardware and software system, to the relevant geographic distribution data in whole or part epigeosphere (the comprising atmospheric envelope) space gather, store, the technological system of management, computing, analysis, demonstration and description.Geography information narrow sense arranged with broad sense branch.The geography information of narrow sense has included only the entity information in the physical three-dimensional world, and has also comprised the inner virtual information that is comprised of these entity informations the entity information of the geography information of broad sense in comprising the physical three-dimensional world.
The major technique that early stage three-dimensional geographic information adopts is Digital Orthophoto Map (digital orthophoto map is called for short DOM).DOM is digitized airphoto and the high resolution ratio satellite remote-sensing view data of utilizing through scan process, and DOM is to carrying out the geometry correction by pixel and inlaying, by the digital orthoimage collection of certain figure amplitude range cutting generation.It is the image that has map geometric accuracy and image feature simultaneously.Digital orthophoto map have precision height, abundant information, directly perceived true, obtain advantages such as quick, can be used as the background control information, precision, actuality and the integrality of estimating other data are all very good; Can therefrom extract needed various types of other magnanimity geography information in digital city, natural resources information and socio-economic development information, for the urban modernization construction, prevent and treat disaster and various investigation of public physical construction planning and management etc. provide reliable basis; Also can therefrom extract and derive from new information, realize that the survey of repairing of map is upgraded.Compare with traditional symbolism line layout figure, the expressed information of DOM is horn of plenty, directly perceived more, has bigger development and application values.
To 2005 of this century; Release the service of Google Earth on the DOM basis that the Google of the U.S. begins in three-dimensional; Google Earth has been embedded in the great amount of relevant information service in traditional three-dimensional geographic information system service, the traditional geographic infosystem is developed gradually be formed in a kind of more valuable concerning traveler, not only can inquire about geographic position physically; And can inquire about the comprehensive service of the business information relevant or other relevant informations with the geographic position; As milestone, geography information begins to break through three-dimensional pattern, develops to the four-dimension.
The GIS-Geographic Information System of four-dimentional space require to show some of GIS-Geographic Information System inherent but not the information content on surface.In UGIS, the information content that urban geographic information comprised of four-dimentional space has also comprised the internal information that is included on every street except the external physical characteristic information of the avenue of three-dimensional, mainly comprise travel information (tourist attractions information; Travelling route information, tourism cost information, service delivery in tourism merchant information etc.); Transport information (public bus network information, circuit service time information, circuit cost information; Circuit flag stop dot information, the transfer information between any 2 etc.), the business information (title of commerce or service; The main management scope; Main special goods or service, contact method and address etc.), and communal facility information etc.
Because information can not individualism; Information must exist in certain space; And this information space that exists of relying is exactly an information space; But when the Google of the U.S. goes, but do not propose how to define the method and the definition of an information space quantitatively in the information that a large amount of geographic position is relevant joins the DOM of conventional three-dimensional.Up to now, information space is just with a kind of simple field range that determines with the size of display screen.Because on the display screen of comparable size; The field range that different resolution is done formation is different; Therefore this fuzzy information space method for expressing can do nothing to help the user its information of interest accurately is limited in the specific geographic range, thereby has brought the application development problems of GIS-Geographic Information System in commercial kitchen area of three serious restriction four-dimentional spaces:
The first, the problem of profit model.Because the geography information that is provided can't accurately navigate to certain specific zone; And can only be that scope provides with the current whole screen of user; Therefore can't realize that footprint size with the geography information that provided decides the standard (such as by contained quantity of information in certain building, by quantity of information contained on certain bar street, by quantity of information contained in certain specific region, charge respectively by the contained quantity of information of entire city) of service charge quantitatively; But can only charge with the number of times that uses; Be worth thereby can't embody this difference on different quantity of information of geography information, also between the user of the different quantity of information of needs, cause the unfairness in the charge simultaneously;
The second, the problem that can't provide personalized service for the application service provider.The application service provider often needs the application characteristic of basis oneself to come to provide for the user geographic information services of particular type; Such as in searching the room service; The application service provider hopes for potential house purchaser examine on the spot service on the virtual net of target source of houses neighboring area to be provided; The house purchaser comprises the video street scene of periphery, the commerce distribution that iconifies and digitizing public traffic information etc., so that need not go to and reconnoitre the understanding that individual experience type just can be arranged the overall condition of target source of houses periphery on the spot; Such as in the common line service, the application service provider hopes to obtain the particular location of station board on certain highway section and the picture scene of peripheral object of reference of bus loading zone and transfer stop, so that the motroist can find the station easily again; Such as in navigation Service, the application service provider hopes the video scene of certain crossing or certain overhead road of city gateway, so that the motorist discerns again; Such as in the leading digitalized city of local government is built, intelligent city's travel navigation public service platform of Tourism Bureau is desirable to provide the electronic digit Map Services of future generation of the four-dimentional space of entire city again.All these services all have very significantly individual demand; Such as the service in zone of the needs that have; Service on the highway section of only needs that has; Service on the point of only needs that has, the service that then needs the entire city scope that has, but the geographical information platform based on cloud computing of obviously present Google can not provide such personalized service;
Three, the unfriendly value that causes traveler to feel to lack actual use in the use.Traveler is in when trip institute some peripheral specific geography information of interested certain specific geographic position often; But because the geographic information services that U.S. Google provides at present can only provide the search in the visual field; Therefore can't accomplish accurately location and precise classification; Need know near the branch information of industrial and commercial bank certain geographic position such as traveler; What it obtained through search on U.S. Google geographic information services platform will be the information that covers a large amount of branch of relevant industrial and commercial bank of entire display screen curtain, even comprises the information of pawning house branch because in the information keyword bank with pawn the provisional capital and include branch's two words.Therefore traveler must find own needed information through manual method in this great deal of information, and this is to traveler, particularly when traveler uses such service through narrow and small mobile phone screen on road when, tends to select to abandon.But passing through mobile phones enquiring urban geographic information one of GIS-Geographic Information System maximum application in commercial kitchen area exactly on the road.In addition; For the desktop computer user, search possibly be the geography information acquisition methods of most convenient, but for the cellphone subscriber; Possibly more need pass through precise classification, comprise that the geography information that presets keyword or search tab is so that carry out retrieval and inquisition fast.
Yet, accurately define an information space and have following difficulty:
At first, because as far as a city, the geography information of entire city will be stored in each information space dispersedly, and in this sense, city is exactly the set of all information spaces of being comprised in this city.Therefore, should information space actually be much? Again that the geographic information contents that just can make the city that how to be coupled realizes seamless fusion between the information space? All these problems all do not have to solve.
Secondly, the maximum value of the GIS-Geographic Information System in a city is embodied in its practical value for the user.But different users is to the requirement of the grain fineness of information space, and in other words just the range size that spatial information covered is likely different, and the granulating problem that therefore how to solve the information space in the city does not solve yet.
At last; The GIS-Geographic Information System in a city has determined that to user's practical value the separation of information space can not be linear; This is because the highway section length in the street in the city is different; Near each crossing the geometry topology area that the highway section constituted also is at random; And the highway section in the street habitual linear module of user when using urban geographic information exactly often can hear that such as us people so describe the geographic position at a urban geographic information place: " the XX shop is on the A road, near the B road ".Sometimes also can add one: " just between B road and C road ".Therefore; How to solve the nonlinear problem of information space; Particularly can according to different crossings the different topology characteristics in related highway section, intelligently information space accurately being defined in one is the center with the crossing, is length with a highway section; By this crossing relevant highway section constitute jointly in the zone of a random geometry, and the problem that forms the information space data directory of an intelligent nonlinear does not thus solve.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above problems, a kind of four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method based on information space is provided.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is: based on the four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method of information space, the particle that information space is fallen into three classes: 1. point; 2. line; 3. face; The information space of said point-like is meant a buildings on the avenue; Said wire information space is meant a highway section in the city; Said highway section is that section street of being cut by two adjacent crossing streets; Said planar information space is to be the center with a crossing, is length with a highway section, by all geometry geographic areas of an arbitrary topology shape forming jointly of the highway section that is associated, crossing therewith; Relation between the point, line, surface three is that point is subordinated to line, and line is subordinated to face; Point is not the sufficient and necessary condition that constitutes line, and line is the sufficient and necessary condition of formation face; When confirming the information space in a highway section, the definition in highway section must be obeyed location, highway section rule; When confirming a planar information space, a crossing related highway section confirm that must obey related highway section judges rule; The presentation format at one of them crossing is that street adds "/" symbol and adds street; The content that information space and information space comprised is fused to information space through the database table of a relevance with the content that information space comprised, said database table comprises information content database table and street database table; The information content that each information space comprised all is a record in the information content database table; This record has comprised database table field, name of the information database table field and other the database table field in this highway section, information place; Wherein the database table field and the name of the information database table field in highway section, this information place can not be default, and other database table field look different application can be default as one sees fit; Each street and the highway section that comprised thereof all are records in the database table of street in the city; This record has comprised the database table field of the title of representing this street, the database table field in all highway sections that this street comprised, other database table fields; Wherein represent the database table field in all highway sections that database table field and this street of the title in this street comprised can not be default, and other database table field look different application can be default as one sees fit; Each street can have four titles in logic at most, and in the database table field in all highway sections that this street comprised, the presentation format in each highway section and precedence must be obeyed location, highway section rule, connect head-to-tail rule and sequence rule;
1) be the content in the information space of point-like if the user needs; The building name that provides according to the user directly in information content database table through in " name of the information database table field " with this building name be keyword search to the related database records that is consistent with this building name, obtain relevant content in the relevant database table field in the record that searches then;
2) be the content in the information space of wire if the user needs; The highway section title that provides according to the user; Directly in information content database table through in the database table field of highway section " information place ", being called all related database records that are consistent with this highway section title of keyword search with this highway section name, the content that obtains being correlated with of the Relational database table field in the record that searches then;
3) be the content of planar information space if the user needs; Two street at a crossing of composition that provides according to the user; Adopt related highway section to judge that rule finds all highway sections of being associated, crossing therewith; Then each highway section is treated as the information space of a wire; One by one with these highway sections in information content database table through in the database table field of highway section " information place ", being called all related database records that are consistent with this highway section title of keyword search with this highway section name, the required content of acquisition in the Relational database table field in the record that searches then; Because line is the sufficient and necessary condition of formation face, therefore found the information content in all wire information spaces included in the planar information space just to equal to have found the information content in this planar information space.
The database table that four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method based on information space involved in the present invention is passed through relevance arrives information space with traditional three-dimensional geographic information system, coupled, based on the four-dimensional GIS-Geographic Information System of information space; Said database table comprises physical location and logical name database; Physical location refers to concrete geographical longitude and latitude; Logical name refers to the title at a buildings, a highway section or a crossing; Buildings, highway section or crossing be corresponding respectively three forms in geographic position and logical name database, are respectively buildings form, highway section form and crossing form; In buildings form, highway section form or crossing form, include logical name database table field and physical location data storehouse table field; Stored in the logical name Database field is the title at a buildings, a highway section or a crossing; Stored in a physical location data storehouse table field is the longitude and latitude scope and/or the sea level elevation in the geographic position at a buildings, a highway section or place, a crossing; In a traditional three-dimensional geographic information system; At first set up a physical location and logical name database; Form according to the concrete longitude and latitude of the physical location of a destination object and sea level elevation definite correspondence in physical location and logical name database that can be default; In this form, be keyword with sea level elevation that can be default then with the concrete longitude and latitude of this physical location; The data-base recording that the table field search obtains being correlated with in the physical location data storehouse; Obtain corresponding logical name then in the logical name database table field in the data-base recording that searches; And then confirm that according to the objectives object that the user provides the type of needed information space is point-like or wire or planar, and then just can obtain the information content in the corresponding information space through the information content database table and the street database table of information space, thus realized the GIS-Geographic Information System of four dimensions.
Four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method based on information space involved in the present invention with in the information space the information content that must comprise can be divided into 7 big type: 1) a big type A is a business information; The title that comprises digitized commodity or ISP; Main scope of business; Telephone number and concrete address, and videoization, pictureization or digitized product or information on services; 2) a big type of B is Bus information, comprises the public transport stop board of each bar public bus network that geographic location, bus station and peripheral object of reference scene and the public transport point of digitized bus station title and videoization or pictureization is included and the bus stop dot information along the line on the station board; 3) a big type C is a street information, comprises the title in highway section, place, digitized street and the street two limit scenes and the crossing scene of videoization or pictureization, and the crossing scene must comprise that the crossing gets into and leave the scene of two directions; 4) a big type D is a landmark, comprises the title of digitized landmark building and the landmark building and the peripheral object of reference scene of videoization or pictureization; 5) a big type E is the subway gateway, comprises the subway gateway and the peripheral object of reference scene of digitized subway gateway title and videoization or pictureization; 6) a big type F is the gateway of urban elevated road, comprises the urban elevated road gateway and the peripheral object of reference scene of digitized urban elevated road gateway title and videoization or pictureization; 7) a big type G is a travel information, comprises the tourist attractions scene of digitized tourist attractions title and videoization or pictureization; The form of expression of these 7 big type information can be for digitized, pictureization or videoization; Wherein the coded system of the information of videoization is for H.264,3GP, and four kinds of forms of 3GPP2 and FLASH, resolution is not less than 450 * 380, and code stream is 400Kbps-512Kbps, and frame per second is 15-25.Wherein the information of pictureization provides through JPG and two kinds of forms of GIF, and resolution is for being not less than 450 * 380.
The scope of application of four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method based on information space involved in the present invention is UGIS.
After having adopted technique scheme; Beneficial effect below the present invention has brought: (1) the present invention proposes the notion of brand-new information space; And the information space that has proposed the concrete method that how to define information space and how in traditional three-dimensional geographic information system, to have embedded fourth dimension; Thereby the method for the GIS-Geographic Information System of future generation that becomes a four-dimensional degree of making it to upgrade is reasonable in design, handled easily.
(2) the present invention has positive social benefit: building digitalized city is future trend; (the Tourism Bureau of relevant functional departments of local government; Department of Communications; Bureau of Surveying and Mapping etc.) in building local digitalized city process, need more personalized city space data, services; And for society intelligentized city tour's service, intelligentized urban transportation service, intelligentized city commercial service and intelligentized electronic digit Map Services are provided based on this; Yet traditional three-dimensional geographic information system can not provide the hypermedia city space data, services of such personalization at present; But after having introduced the four-dimensional degree GIS-Geographic Information System method for designing based on information space of the present invention, traditional three-dimensional geographic information system can realize industrial upgrading rapidly, for the digitalized city construction and the management of local government provides more personalized urban geographic information service.
(3) the present invention has very high economic benefit: according to the national statistics data, China in 2010 tourism trip person-time reaches 1.5 times per capita, and in other words trip person-times 2,000,000,000 is arranged the whole year.Simultaneously according to national statistics data China cellphone subscriber 700,000,000 families are arranged at present, 3G subscription has 6,000 ten thousand families at present, and 3G mobile will be popularized during to 12 end, will have 80% user can convert 3G subscription into when the time comes.Therefore, according to our business model, every to use the user of the hypermedia urban geographic information service of four-dimentional space in this locality through 3G mobile all be free, if but gone out local use then need pay roaming charges.Roaming charges can be by using Yi Cishoufei $1 unit, also can be to contract out capable Yi Cishoufei $5 unit, and hundred million yuan of every year of prospect prospect $200 of whole market only person-time are calculated in the whole nation by the tourism trip.
Description of drawings:
For content of the present invention is expressly understood more easily, below according to specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing, the present invention is done further detailed explanation, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the definition in highway section;
Fig. 2 is the definition of planar information space.
Embodiment:
Location, highway section involved in the present invention rule, connect head-to-tail rule and sequence rule and related highway section and judge that rule all confirms according to the definition in the invention application 201010172080.0, concrete statement as follows:
(1) location, highway section rule.The coordinate setting in each highway section can be expressed as: " street name at the place～crossing adjacent street name that intersects of street name-next one ".A street can have several highway sections, also can have only a highway section.If a street A has only a street B who intersects with it, then the location in this highway section can be expressed as: the street name in " street name in the street name-place street of the street name at place～crossing adds source two words " or street name～place street of belonging to adds source two words-crossing street name ".Wherein "～" and "-" is specific junction symbol;
(2) connect the head-to-tail rule.If the starting point of a street A is another street B, then first highway section of this street A is last highway section of another street B.Then the coordinate setting in this highway section can be expressed as: " street A name～intersect with street B street name-crossing street name street B name next adjacent with street B ".Another street B if the terminal point of a street A is ined succession, then last highway section of this street A is first highway section of another street B of ining succession.Then the coordinate setting in this highway section can be expressed as: " street A name～intersect with street B street name-crossing street name street B name next adjacent with street B ".Wherein "～" and "-" is specific junction symbol;
(3) sequence rule.The division in the highway section on every street is carried out in strict accordance with the appearance in the street of intersecting with it on this street in proper order.If the crossing situation of irregularity is then arranged by following rule:
(4) arrange rule with a different tail.If a street begins with the crossing street of the identical road name of one two end; And with one two end road inequality name or have only the crossing street of an end to finish; And middle is to have only a bigger highway section on the one side in street; Second half then includes many less highway sections, and then putting in order of highway section begins from many less highway sections, finishes with a bigger highway section;
(5) different head is arranged rule with tail.If a street is with one two end road inequality name or have only the crossing street of an end to begin; Finish in crossing street with the identical road name of one two end; And middle is to have only a bigger highway section on the one side in street; Second half then includes many less highway sections, and then putting in order since a bigger highway section of highway section then including many less highway sections by carrying out in order than the same sequence direction in big highway section then from second half.
(6) arrange rule with head with tail.If a street begins with the crossing street of the identical road name of one two end; Finish in crossing street with the identical road name of one two end; And middle is to have only a bigger highway section on the one side in street; Second half then includes many less highway sections, and then putting in order of highway section can also can begin by equidirectional from less highway section from bigger road by equidirectional beginning in order.
(7) different different tail arranged rule.If a street is with one two end road name inequality or have only the crossing street of an end to begin, with one two end road name inequality or have only the crossing street of an end to finish, successively carrying out appears in the order that then occurs by the intersection leg.
(8) rule is judged in related highway section
1) judges the rule 1 that the highway section is relevant.On a street, a street name that intersects with it occur for the first time the back before occur once more for the second time in the middle of other all highway sections all be to contain the related highway section in the highway section of the crossing street name of appearance for the second time;
2) judge the rule 2 that the highway section is relevant.On a street, a next adjacent street name that intersects with it occur for the first time the back before occur once more for the second time in the middle of other all highway sections all be the related highway section in highway section of containing the next adjacent crossing street name of the appearance second time;
3) judge the rule 3 that the highway section is relevant.On a street, two end road names, two highway sections inequality in the inequality or next adjacent street of intersecting of two adjacent highway sections but the two end road names in crossing street are the highway sections that is associated;
4) judge the rule 4 that the highway section is relevant.At the parting of the ways, every highway section that connects the head-to-tail rule that meets all is related highway section;
(9) target information search rule: every target information that appears in the related highway section with target geographic position is equal to and is arranged in target geographic position.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have explained the definition in highway section and the definition of planar information space with graphic form respectively, wherein that section street of being cut by street B and street C of highway section among Fig. 1=street A; Dash area is planar information space among Fig. 2.
The concrete steps that relate to method based on the four-dimensional GIS-Geographic Information System of information space of present embodiment are following:
The first step: in traditional three-dimensional geographic information system, set up a physical location and logical name database.Wherein physical location refers to concrete geographical longitude and latitude, and logical name refers to a buildings, the title at a highway section or a crossing.A buildings, highway section or crossing be corresponding respectively three forms in geographic position and logical name database: 1) buildings form, see table 1; 2) the highway section form is seen table 2; 3) the crossing form is seen table 3.In buildings form, highway section form or crossing form, include logical name database table field and physical location data storehouse table field.Stored in the logical name Database field is a buildings, the title at a highway section or a crossing.Stored in a physical location data storehouse table field is the longitude and latitude scope and the sea level elevation in the geographic position at a buildings, a highway section or place, a crossing.Wherein sea level elevation can be default.
Table 1: the buildings form in physical location and the logical name database
| Physical location data storehouse table field | Logical name database table field |
| The longitude and latitude scope and the sea level elevation of physical location | Building name |
| ...... | ...... |
Table 2: the highway section form in physical location and the logical name database
| Physical location data storehouse table field | Logical name database table field |
| The longitude and latitude scope and the sea level elevation of physical location | The highway section title |
| ...... | ?...... |
Table 3: the crossing form in physical location and the logical name database
| Physical location data storehouse table field | Logical name database table field |
| The longitude and latitude scope and the sea level elevation of physical location | The crossing title |
| ...... | ...... |
Second step: set up an information space database.The information space database includes two linked database forms: 1) information content database table; 2) street database table.Wherein:
Information content database table is seen table 4.The information content that each information space comprised all is a record in the information content database table.This record has comprised database table field, name of the information database table field and other the database table field in this highway section, information place; Wherein the database table field and the name of the information database table field in highway section, this information place can not be default, and other database table field is looked different application and can be taken the circumstances into consideration default;
Table 4: information content database table
The street database table is seen table 5.Each street and the highway section that comprised thereof all are records in the name database form of road in the city.This record has comprised the database table field of the title of representing this street, the database table field in all highway sections that this street comprised, other database table fields.Wherein represent the database table field in all highway sections that database table field and this street of the title in this street comprised can not be default, and other database table field be looked different application and can be taken the circumstances into consideration default;
Table 5: street database table
Because the randomness of highway section on topological structure that each street comprised comprises physically and asymmetry in logic, has comprised 2 highway sections such as a street; But at most can be by four titles in logic; Because a street is made up of two directions, i.e. Lu Dong and Lu Xi, or the north of a road and the south of road etc.; And can there be the street of oneself in the highway section of each road direction; Therefore, in the database table field in all highway sections that this street comprised, the presentation format in each highway section and precedence must be obeyed location, aforementioned highway section rule, connect head-to-tail rule and sequence rule.
During concrete the application; As long as the concrete longitude and latitude of having known a physical location and sea level elevation that can be default and concrete destination object; Such as being a building, a highway section or a crossing just can be in corresponding physical position and logical name database tables through physical location and logical name database; Like the buildings form; Be keyword with the concrete longitude and latitude of this physical location with sea level elevation that can be default in highway section form or the crossing form, the data-base recording that the table field search obtains being correlated with in the physical location data storehouse obtains corresponding logical name then in the logical name database table field in the data-base recording that searches.Simultaneously can confirm again that according to this concrete destination object the type of needed information space is point-like or wire or planar.Information content database table and street database table through information space just can obtain the information content in the corresponding information space then:
(1) be the content in the information space of point-like if the user needs; The building name that obtains according to search directly in information content database table through in " name of the information database table field " with this building name be keyword search to the related database records that is consistent with this building name, obtain relevant content in the relevant database table field in the record that searches then;
(2) be the content in the information space of wire if the user needs; The highway section title that obtains according to search; Directly in information content database table through in the database table field of highway section " information place ", being called all related database records that are consistent with this highway section title of keyword search with this highway section name, the content that obtains being correlated with of the Relational database table field in the record that searches then;
(3) be the content of planar information space if the user needs; A crossing title that obtains according to search obtains forming two street at this crossing; Adopt related highway section to judge that rule finds all highway sections of being associated, crossing therewith then; Then each highway section is treated as the information space of a wire; One by one with these highway sections in information content database table through in the database table field of highway section " information place ", being called all related database records that are consistent with this highway section title of keyword search with this highway section name, the required content of acquisition in the Relational database table field in the record that searches then.Because line is the sufficient and necessary condition of formation face, therefore found the information content in all wire information spaces included in the planar information space just to equal to have found the information content in this planar information space.
Claims (3)
1. based on the four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method of information space, it is characterized in that: the particle that information space is fallen into three classes: 1. point; 2. line; 3. face; The information space of said point-like is meant a buildings on the avenue; Said wire information space is meant a highway section in the city; Said highway section is that section street of being cut by two adjacent crossing streets; Said planar information space is to be the center with a crossing, is length with a highway section, by all geometry geographic areas of an arbitrary topology shape forming jointly of the highway section that is associated, crossing therewith; Relation between the point, line, surface three is that point is subordinated to line, and line is subordinated to face; Point is not the sufficient and necessary condition that constitutes line, and line is the sufficient and necessary condition of formation face; When confirming the information space in a highway section, the definition in highway section must be obeyed location, highway section rule; When confirming a planar information space, a crossing related highway section confirm that must obey related highway section judges rule; The presentation format at one of them crossing is that street adds "/" symbol and adds street; The content that information space and information space comprised is fused to information space through the database table of a relevance with the content that information space comprised, said database table comprises information content database table and street database table; The information content that each information space comprised all is a record in the information content database table; This record has comprised database table field, name of the information database table field and other the database table field in this highway section, information place; Wherein the database table field and the name of the information database table field in highway section, this information place can not be default, and other database table field look different application can be default as one sees fit; Each street and the highway section that comprised thereof all are records in the database table of street in the city; This record has comprised the database table field of the title of representing this street, the database table field in all highway sections that this street comprised, other database table fields; Wherein represent the database table field in all highway sections that database table field and this street of the title in this street comprised can not be default, and other database table field look different application can be default as one sees fit; Each street can have four titles in logic at most, and in the database table field in all highway sections that this street comprised, the presentation format in each highway section and precedence must be obeyed location, highway section rule, connect head-to-tail rule and sequence rule;
1) be the content in the information space of point-like if the user needs; The building name that provides according to the user directly in information content database table through in " name of the information database table field " with this building name be keyword search to the related database records that is consistent with this building name, obtain relevant content in the relevant database table field in the record that searches then;
2) be the content in the information space of wire if the user needs; The highway section title that provides according to the user; Directly in information content database table through in the database table field of highway section " information place ", being called all related database records that are consistent with this highway section title of keyword search with this highway section name, the content that obtains being correlated with of the Relational database table field in the record that searches then;
3) be the content of planar information space if the user needs; Two street at a crossing of composition that provides according to the user; Adopt related highway section to judge that rule finds all highway sections of being associated, crossing therewith; Then each highway section is treated as the information space of a wire; One by one with these highway sections in information content database table through in the database table field of highway section " information place ", being called all related database records that are consistent with this highway section title of keyword search with this highway section name, the required content of acquisition in the Relational database table field in the record that searches then; Because line is the sufficient and necessary condition of formation face, therefore found the information content in all wire information spaces included in the planar information space just to equal to have found the information content in this planar information space.
2. the four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method based on information space according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the database table through relevance arrives information space with traditional three-dimensional geographic information system, coupled, said database table comprises physical location and logical name database; Physical location refers to concrete geographical longitude and latitude; Logical name refers to the title at a buildings, a highway section or a crossing; Buildings, highway section or crossing be corresponding respectively three forms in geographic position and logical name database, are respectively buildings form, highway section form and crossing form; In buildings form, highway section form or crossing form, include logical name database table field and physical location data storehouse table field; Stored in the logical name Database field is the title at a buildings, a highway section or a crossing; Stored in a physical location data storehouse table field is the longitude and latitude scope and/or the sea level elevation in the geographic position at a buildings, a highway section or place, a crossing; In a traditional three-dimensional geographic information system; At first set up a physical location and logical name database; Form according to the concrete longitude and latitude of the physical location of a destination object and sea level elevation definite correspondence in physical location and logical name database that can be default; In this form, be keyword with sea level elevation that can be default then with the concrete longitude and latitude of this physical location; The data-base recording that the table field search obtains being correlated with in the physical location data storehouse; Obtain corresponding logical name then in the logical name database table field in the data-base recording that searches; And then confirm that according to the objectives object that the user provides the type of needed information space is point-like or wire or planar, and then just can obtain the information content in the corresponding information space through the information content database table and the street database table of information space, thus realized the GIS-Geographic Information System of four dimensions.
3. the four-dimensional Design of Geographic Information System method based on information space according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the information content that institute must comprise in the information space can be divided into 7 big type: 1) a big class A is a business information; The title that comprises digitized commodity or ISP; Main scope of business, telephone number and concrete address, and videoization, pictureization or digitized product or information on services; 2) a big type of B is Bus information, comprises the public transport stop board of each bar public bus network that geographic location, bus station and peripheral object of reference scene and the public transport point of digitized bus station title and videoization or pictureization is included and the bus stop dot information along the line on the station board; 3) a big type C is a street information, comprises the title in highway section, place, digitized street and the street two limit scenes and the crossing scene of videoization or pictureization, and the crossing scene must comprise that the crossing gets into and leave the scene of two directions; 4) a big type D is a landmark, comprises the title of digitized landmark building and the landmark building and the peripheral object of reference scene of videoization or pictureization; 5) a big type E is the subway gateway, comprises the subway gateway and the peripheral object of reference scene of digitized subway gateway title and videoization or pictureization; 6) a big type F is the gateway of urban elevated road, comprises the urban elevated road gateway and the peripheral object of reference scene of digitized urban elevated road gateway title and videoization or pictureization; 7) a big type G is a travel information, comprises the tourist attractions scene of digitized tourist attractions title and videoization or pictureization; The form of expression of these 7 big type information can be for digitized, pictureization or videoization; Wherein the coded system of the information of videoization is for H.264,3GP, and four kinds of forms of 3GPP2 and FLASH, resolution is not less than 450 * 380, and code stream is 400Kbps-512Kbps, and frame per second is 15-25.Wherein the information of pictureization provides through JPG and two kinds of forms of GIF, and resolution is for being not less than 450 * 380.
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