CN102737207B - Communication method based on radio frequency identification system, apparatus and system thereof - Google Patents
Communication method based on radio frequency identification system, apparatus and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102737207B CN102737207B CN201110083520.XA CN201110083520A CN102737207B CN 102737207 B CN102737207 B CN 102737207B CN 201110083520 A CN201110083520 A CN 201110083520A CN 102737207 B CN102737207 B CN 102737207B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication method based on a radio frequency identification system, an apparatus and a system thereof. The method, the apparatus and the system are used to realize bidirectional communication between an electronic tag and a reader in the radio frequency identification system, save cell energy consumption of an active electronic tag and guarantee stability of the communication between the electronic tag and the reader. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a data frame sent by the reader in a current counting period, analyzing the data frame and extracting a frame number from a predefined field; based on the extracted frame number, calculating time that the current counting period needs to wait during entering into an idle channel state; when the reader is determined to be in the idle channel state, selecting one time slot from the time slots comprised in the current counting period; based on the selected time slot, sending a message to the reader. The invention simultaneously discloses the communication apparatus based on the radio frequency identification system and the communication system based on the radio frequency identification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of radio frequency identification, particularly relate to a kind of communication means based on radio-frequency recognition system, Apparatus and system.
Background technology
At present, the application system being core with radio-frequency (RF) identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) technology is used widely at intelligent transportation field.RFID technique utilizes radiofrequency signal based on Space Coupling transport property, realizes the automatic identification to object contactlessly.Rfid system generally comprises reader and electronic tag two parts, and wherein reader is the equipment of reading electronic labels information.Reader carries out data transmit-receive in units of the cycle of checking, namely one check in the cycle contain send data and receive two stages of data, different according to application scenarios, not identical in the number of a number of checking the transmission Frame comprised in the cycle and time slot yet.
For the path identifying system of highway, rfid system is made up of road side base station (special reader), track card reader and electronic tag three part.In expressway access, by track card reader, initialization information setting is carried out to electronic tag; On a highway, electronic tag and road side base station carry out information interaction, and preserve necessary routing information; At expressway exit, electronic tag is responded with on being carried out by the routing information stored by track card reader and is carried out data processing.But, communication between road side base station and electronic tag is unidirectional, namely only issue routing information by road side base station to electronic tag, along with the continuous change of the market demand and the development of RFID technique, the two-way communication realized between road side base station and electronic tag becomes inevitable trend.
Based in the communication system of time-division, if realize the two-way communication between road side base station and electronic tag, need to carry out channel idle detection, namely determine that road side base station is in current free time section of checking in the cycle, select time slot that the information of electronic tag is sent to road side base station with section between at one's leisure.Traditional method is based on signal intensity instruction (the Received Signal Strength Indication received, RSSI) channel idle detection is carried out, the i.e. intensity (i.e. RSSI) of the carrier signal of electronic tag Real-Time Monitoring reception, when determining RSSI lower than setting threshold value, determine that channel is in idle condition.The method is not also suitable for active electronic label, first, detects need the radio circuit of electronic tag to be in radio frequency reception state all the time to RSSI, larger to the energy ezpenditure of electronic tag battery; Secondly, RSSI is detected to the interference being easily subject to external environment, affect the accuracy of testing result, the stability of rfid system communication can be reduced simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of communication means based on radio-frequency recognition system, Apparatus and system, in order to realize the two-way communication in radio-frequency recognition system between electronic tag and reader, and save the energy content of battery consumption of active electronic label, ensure the stability communicated between electronic tag and reader.
The concrete technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is as follows:
Based on a communication means for radio-frequency recognition system, comprising:
Receive reader and check current the Frame sent in the cycle;
Resolve described Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, and when determining that described reader is channel clear, select a time slot from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains;
Message is sent to described reader based on the time slot selected.
Receive reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle before, comprising: preset the form of Frame that reader sends, the frame number of preset described Frame in predetermined field in a data frame.
The frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, comprise: check in the cycle according to current the T.T. sending and take, send the time that individual data frame takies, and from the frame number that the predetermined field of described Frame is extracted, calculate the time entering channel clear and need wait for.
When determining that described reader is channel clear, a time slot is selected from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, comprise: determine currently to check in the cycle number of time slot being in channel clear, and generate random number according to described number of time slot, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
When generating random number according to described number of time slot, comprising: the bit number taken according to described number of time slot determination random number, and random number described in initialization; Judge whether catch number of times reaches the bit number that random number takies, if do not reach the bit number that random number takies, move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, using the value of the lowest bit position of data of the catching value as the lowest bit position of described random number, and add and again to judge to catch number of times by catching number of times after 1 and whether reach the bit number that random number takies; If reach the bit number that random number takies, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
Based on a communicator for radio-frequency recognition system, comprising:
Radio frequency chip, checks current the Frame sent in the cycle for receiving reader, and sends message based on the time slot that central processing unit is selected to reader;
Central processing unit, for resolving the Frame that radio frequency chip receives, and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, and when determining that described reader is channel clear, select a time slot from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains.
Radio frequency chip receive reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle before, preset the form of Frame that reader sends, the frame number of preset described Frame in predetermined field in a data frame.
Central processing unit calculates the described current cycle of checking based on the frame number extracted and enters the duration that channel clear need wait for, be specially: check in the cycle according to current the T.T. sending and take, send the time that individual data frame takies, and from the frame number that the predetermined field of described Frame is extracted, calculate the time entering channel clear and need wait for.
Central processing unit is when determining that described reader is channel clear, a time slot is selected from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, be specially: determine currently to check in the cycle number of time slot being in channel clear, and generate random number according to described number of time slot, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
Central processing unit generates random number according to described number of time slot, is specially: the bit number taken according to described number of time slot determination random number, and random number described in initialization; Judge whether catch number of times reaches the bit number that random number takies, if do not reach the bit number that random number takies, move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, using the value of the lowest bit position of data of the catching value as the lowest bit position of described random number, and add and again to judge to catch number of times by catching number of times after 1 and whether reach the bit number that random number takies; If reach the bit number that random number takies, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
Based on a communication system for radio-frequency (RF) identification, comprising:
Reader, for sending Frame to electronic tag, and receives the message of electronic tag transmission;
Electronic tag, check current the Frame sent in the cycle for receiving reader, resolve described Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, when determining that described reader is channel clear, select a time slot from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, and send message based on the time slot selected to described reader.
Based on technique scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, electronic tag reception reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle after, resolve this Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, calculate the current cycle of checking based on the frame number extracted again and enter the duration that channel clear need wait for, and after this duration of wait, when determining that reader is channel clear, time slot is selected to send message to reader, thus the two-way communication achieved between electronic tag and reader, and, the consumption of active electronic label to the energy content of battery can not be increased, ensure that the stability communicated between electronic tag and reader, also without the need to changing the original hardware configuration of radio-frequency (RF) communication system, realize simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is radio-frequency recognition system Organization Chart in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of electronic tag in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the communication means process flow diagram based on radio-frequency recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is reader counting cycle composition schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the form schematic diagram of the Frame that in the embodiment of the present invention, reader occurs.
Embodiment
In order to realize the two-way communication in radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) system between electronic tag and reader, and save the energy content of battery consumption of active electronic label, ensure the stability communicated between electronic tag and reader, embodiments provide a kind of communication means based on radio-frequency recognition system, Apparatus and system.The method is: electronic tag receives reader and checks current the Frame sent in the cycle, resolve this Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, and when determining that reader is channel clear, select a time slot from current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, send message based on the time slot selected to reader.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, radio-frequency recognition system mainly contains reader 101 and electronic tag 102 forms, wherein,
Reader 101, for sending Frame to electronic tag 102, and receives the message of electronic tag 102 transmission;
Electronic tag 102, check current the Frame sent in the cycle for receiving reader, resolve this Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, when determining that reader is channel clear, select a time slot from current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, send message based on the time slot selected to reader.
As shown in Figure 2, electronic tag 102 mainly comprises central processing unit 201, radio frequency chip 202, battery and peripheral circuit 203 thereof and antenna 204.In the embodiment of the present invention, radio frequency chip 202 receives reader by antenna 204 and sends central processing unit 201 at the current Frame sent in the cycle of checking, and sends message by antenna 204 to reader based on the time slot that central processing unit 201 is selected; Central processing unit 201 resolution data frame also extracts frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, when determining that reader is channel clear, select a time slot from current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, radio frequency chip 202 sends message by antenna 204 to reader based on the time slot selected.Wherein, battery and peripheral circuit 203 thereof are for powering to central processing unit 201.
Based on said system framework, as shown in Figure 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method detailed flow process of carrying out communicating based on radio-frequency recognition system is as follows:
Step 301: receive reader and check current the Frame sent in the cycle.
As shown in Figure 4, according to the difference of application scenarios, the number that of reader checks the number of the Frame comprised in the cycle and time slot is not identical yet, in the embodiment of the present invention, sets one and checks periodic packets containing N number of Frame and N
sindividual time slot.In the embodiment of the present invention, electronic tag receive reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle before, need configuration electronic tag to be timing wake-up pattern, namely for the parameter needed for electronic tag configuration timing wake-up pattern, such as, sleep time and wake duration up.
Preferably, in electronic tag, by radio frequency chip receive reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle before, configuring radio frequency chip by central processing unit is timing wake-up pattern, and send control command by central processing unit to radio frequency chip, make radio frequency chip be in timing wake-up state, check current the Frame sent in the cycle to receive reader under this timing wake-up state.
Wherein, after electronic tag enters timing wake-up state at every turn, under being recorded in this timing wake-up state, receive the time of the Frame that reader sends first.
Step 302: resolution data frame also extracts frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, and when determining that reader is channel clear, select a time slot from current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the form of the Frame that definition reader sends as shown in Figure 5, after raw information field and frame originating point information and reader information, increases new field, to preserve the frame number of current data frame in the field of this increase.Preferably, the field of increase is 2 bytes.
Wherein, resolution data frame from after predetermined field extracts frame number, calculating the current cycle of checking enters the duration that channel clear need wait for, be specially: send according to the current cycle of checking the T.T. taken, send the time that individual data frame takies, and from the frame number that the predetermined field of Frame is extracted, calculate the time that channel idle need be waited for.
Defining the current cycle of checking, to send the T.T. taken be T
q, the time that transmission individual data frame takies is T
f, the time receiving the Frame that reader sends first is T
r, the frame number extracted from the predetermined field of Frame is N
f, then the initial time T entering channel clear is calculated
iformula as follows: T
i=T
r+ T
q-N
f× T
f, then the time Δ T entering channel clear and need wait for can be calculated further
ifor: Δ T
i=T
i-T
r=T
q-N
f× T
f.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in electronic tag, sending according to the current cycle of checking the T.T. taken by central processing unit is T
q, the time that transmission individual data frame takies is T
f, and be N from the frame number that the predetermined field of Frame is extracted
f, calculate the time Δ T entering channel clear and need wait for
i, and according to this Δ T
iarrange the timer of central processing unit inside, now radio frequency chip is in dormant state, the timer of Real-Time Monitoring central processing unit inside, and after the time that timer reaches setting, determines to enter current idle condition of checking the cycle.
Wherein, when determining that reader is channel clear, carrying out Slot selection, in the embodiment of the present invention, determining currently to check in the cycle number of time slot being in channel clear, and generating random number according to this number of time slot, selecting the time slot that this random number is corresponding.
If one is checked the number of time slot comprised in the cycle is N
s, wherein, the time of each Time Slot Occupancy is T
s, then electronic tag sends the initial time T of message to reader
ufor: T
u=T
i+ random (0 ~ N
s) × T
s.
Preferably, check according to one the number of time slot comprised in the cycle, when generating a random number, generation random number can be caught based on the low-frequency clock of central processing unit inside to high frequency clock.Be specially, according to the bit number that is checked the number of time slot determination random number that comprises in the cycle and takies, and this random number of initialization; Then judge whether catch number of times reaches the bit number that random number takies, if do not reach the bit number that random number takies, move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, using the value of the lowest bit position of data of the catching value as the lowest bit position of random number, and add and again to judge to catch number of times by catching number of times after 1 and whether reach the bit number that random number takies; If reach the bit number that random number takies, the time slot corresponding with this random number is selected to send message to reader.
Such as, the number of time slot N comprised in the cycle is checked for one
sbe 7, then the bit number that random number takies is 3, and random number is initialized as zero; Judge that catching number of times is zero degree, then move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, if the lowest bit position of the data of catching is 1, be then 1 by the lowest bit position of random number, and number of times will be caught add 1 (catching number of times is 1); Again judge that catching number of times is 1, then move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, if the lowest bit position of the data of catching is 0, be then 0 by the lowest bit position of random number, and number of times will be caught add 1 (catching number of times is 2); Judge that catching number of times is 2, then move to left random number a bit, starts timer and catch high frequency clock based on low-frequency clock, if the lowest bit position of the data of catching is 1, be then 1 by the lowest bit position of random number, and number of times will be caught add 1 (catching number of times is 3); Then judge that catching number of times is 3, reach the bit number that random number takies, then generate random number, and random number binary representation is 101, is 5, then from the 5th time slot, send information to reader.
Step 303: send message to reader based on the time slot selected.
In practical application, after generation random number R andom, stand-by period Δ T can be calculated according to this random number
s, and be Δ T according to the timer of waiting time configuration central processing unit inside
s, at wait Δ T
smessage is sent to reader after duration.
Based on technique scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, by increasing field in the Frame of reader, and in the field increased, place the frame number of Frame, electronic tag reception reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle after, resolve this Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, calculate the current cycle of checking based on the frame number extracted again and enter the duration that channel clear need wait for, and after this duration of wait, when determining that reader is channel clear, time slot is selected to send message to reader, thus the two-way communication achieved between electronic tag and reader, and, the consumption of active electronic label to the energy content of battery can not be increased, ensure that the stability communicated between electronic tag and reader.In addition, the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides does not need to change the original hardware configuration of radio-frequency (RF) communication system, realizes simple.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (9)
1. based on a communication means for radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Receive reader and check current the Frame sent in the cycle;
Resolve described Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, and when determining that described reader is channel clear, select a time slot from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, comprising:
Determine currently to check in the cycle number of time slot being in channel clear, and generate random number according to described number of time slot, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding;
Message is sent to described reader based on the time slot selected.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, receive reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle before, comprising:
Preset the form of the Frame that reader sends, the frame number of preset described Frame in predetermined field in a data frame.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, comprising:
Check in the cycle according to current the T.T. sending and take, send the time that individual data frame takies, and from the frame number that the predetermined field of described Frame is extracted, calculate the time entering channel clear and need wait for.
4. the method as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, when generating random number according to described number of time slot, comprising:
According to the bit number that described number of time slot determination random number takies, and random number described in initialization;
Judge whether catch number of times reaches the bit number that random number takies, if do not reach the bit number that random number takies, move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, using the value of the lowest bit position of data of the catching value as the lowest bit position of described random number, and add and again to judge to catch number of times by catching number of times after 1 and whether reach the bit number that random number takies;
If reach the bit number that random number takies, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
5. based on a communicator for radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Radio frequency chip, checks current the Frame sent in the cycle for receiving reader, and sends message based on the time slot that central processing unit is selected to reader;
Central processing unit, for resolving the Frame that radio frequency chip receives, and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, and when determining that described reader is channel clear, select a time slot from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, be specially:
Determine currently to check in the cycle number of time slot being in channel clear, and generate random number according to described number of time slot, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, radio frequency chip receive reader current check the Frame sent in the cycle before, preset the form of Frame that reader sends, the frame number of preset described Frame in predetermined field in a data frame.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, central processing unit calculates the described current cycle of checking based on the frame number extracted and enters the duration that channel clear need wait for, is specially:
Check in the cycle according to current the T.T. sending and take, send the time that individual data frame takies, and from the frame number that the predetermined field of described Frame is extracted, calculate the time entering channel clear and need wait for.
8. the device as described in claim 5,6 or 7, is characterized in that, central processing unit generates random number according to described number of time slot, is specially:
According to the bit number that described number of time slot determination random number takies, and random number described in initialization;
Judge whether catch number of times reaches the bit number that random number takies, if do not reach the bit number that random number takies, move to left random number a bit, start timer and based on low-frequency clock, high frequency clock caught, using the value of the lowest bit position of data of the catching value as the lowest bit position of described random number, and add and again to judge to catch number of times by catching number of times after 1 and whether reach the bit number that random number takies;
If reach the bit number that random number takies, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding.
9. based on a communication system for radio-frequency (RF) identification, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Reader, for sending Frame to electronic tag, and receives the message of electronic tag transmission;
Electronic tag, check current the Frame sent in the cycle for receiving reader, resolve described Frame and extract frame number from predetermined field, the frame number calculating described current cycle of checking based on extraction enters the duration that channel clear need be waited for, when determining that described reader is channel clear, a time slot is selected from described current checking the time slot that periodic packets contains, determine currently to check in the cycle number of time slot being in channel clear, random number is generated according to described number of time slot, select the time slot that described random number is corresponding, and send message based on the time slot selected to described reader.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110083520.XA CN102737207B (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2011-04-02 | Communication method based on radio frequency identification system, apparatus and system thereof |
| PCT/CN2011/076088 WO2012136019A1 (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2011-06-22 | Radio frequency identification system based communication method, apparatus and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110083520.XA CN102737207B (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2011-04-02 | Communication method based on radio frequency identification system, apparatus and system thereof |
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| CN102737207B true CN102737207B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN103366143B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2016-01-13 | 清华大学 | The method for quickly identifying of label is lost in large-scale radio-frequency identification system |
| CN103745181B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江网新技术有限公司 | A kind of low frequency activates the anti-collision method of active label |
| CN104573587B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-01-12 | 天津中兴智联科技有限公司 | A kind of ambiguity path recognition methods with bidirectional communication function |
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| CN101944171A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2011-01-12 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-tag identification method of RFID reader |
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| KR101014795B1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2011-02-16 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Method for preventing collision of reader, driving method of rfid reader having the method and rfid reader for performing the method |
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Effective date of registration: 20160914 Address after: 300308 Tianjin Airport Economic Zone, Binhai New Area seven East Road No. 2 Zhongxing Industrial Base Patentee after: ZTE INTELLIGENT IOT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518057 Nanshan District Guangdong high tech Industrial Park, South Road, science and technology, ZTE building, Ministry of Justice Patentee before: ZTE Corp. |
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Address after: Room 401, building 12, east area, airport business park, No. 80, Huanhe North Road, free trade zone (Airport Economic Zone), Binhai New Area, Tianjin 300000 Patentee after: Gaoxing Zhilian Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300308, Zhongxing Industrial base, 2 East seven, Airport Economic Zone, Tianjin Binhai New Area Patentee before: ZTE INTELLIGENT IOT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: Room 401, building 12, East Airport Business Park, 80 Huanhe North Road, Tianjin Binhai New Area pilot free trade zone (Airport Economic Zone) Patentee after: Zte Intelligent Iot Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 401, building 12, East Airport Business Park, 80 Huanhe North Road, Tianjin Binhai New Area pilot free trade zone (Airport Economic Zone) Patentee before: Gaoxing Zhilian Technology Co.,Ltd. |