CN102662355B - Safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment - Google Patents
Safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102662355B CN102662355B CN201210028166.5A CN201210028166A CN102662355B CN 102662355 B CN102662355 B CN 102662355B CN 201210028166 A CN201210028166 A CN 201210028166A CN 102662355 B CN102662355 B CN 102662355B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment, which is a three-layer monitoring and managing model based on a layered design, and comprises: a bottom layer of model equipment based on mechanical analysis and structural calculation, wherein the bottom layer mainly orients to the equipment structure itself, and the analysis of this layer is the foundation of whole process of establishing a safety monitoring and managing model; an intermediate layer based on the operation management of constructors, wherein this layer mainly orients to the equipment manipulation; and an application layer of model management based on senior management, wherein this layer mainly orients to the overall monitoring and management of equipment group, and is the top layer of the managing model. According to the invention, modern equipment management theory and construction management of carrying and installing equipment are combined, standardization of safety design and operation management of such type of equipment are promoted by establishing a safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment with a purpose of improving the safe operation level of the equipment more deeply and completely, and an inevitable trend of the high informatization development of large-scale engineering mechanical equipment is conformed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of security monitoring management model, especially relate to a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model.
Background technology
Construction of railways particularly Bridge Erector operation process is an extremely accident-prone field, by culprit being summed up as to following several respects to the repeatedly Bridge Erector accident statistical analysis having occurred since in recent years.
1. construction management reason
If engineering construction unit is not in strict accordance with the Regulation G reatT.GreaT.GT > construction of setting a roof beam in place of < < railway bed job specifications > > and < < railway bridge erecting machine, likely increase accident odds.In addition some worker of construction enterprises sense of responsibility, technical merit, external civilian worker's quality have much room for improvement, also have part unit's system of grabbing to implement not, give arbitrary and impracticable direction, disorderly operation, ignores construction environment impact, not according to standardized construction, produces, for working to tight deadlines, often omits relevant safety practice etc.Some workmen for scheming soon, following the line of least resistance and operate against regulations, is omitted some necessary operations or safety practice in work progress, knows perfectly well and has hidden danger also to embrace idea of leaving things to chance etc.
2. equipment self and maintaining reason
Bridge Erector is operated in the large-scale and complicated device that field extreme environment, altitude maneuver, maintaining are difficult to standard, field management difficulty.Its body is long, from great, axle is great, center of gravity is still higher, and flow chart is many, wherein certain key position breakdown or certain critical process misoperation just may cause the major accident of Bridge Erector.And structure itself do not have protective device, once after finding that Bridge Erector tilts, be at a complete loss as to what to do, can only it topple soon.
State General Administration for Quality Supervision and national security supervision general bureau combines and has formulated < < large scale hoisting machinery security monitoring management system embodiment > > is installed, adhere to that " people-oriented, security developments " principle and " safety first, put prevention first, the comprehensive regulation " policy, application is seen for Internet of Things information management technique, take production unit and applying unit as main body, improve large scale hoisting machinery essential safety performance, promote the updating and upgrading of a product, accident prevention occurs, ensure practitioner and the public's life security.
Quality supervision department respectively selects 1 to 2 coming of new and 1 to 2 large scale hoisting machinery in use together with relevant departments such as safety supervision departments to the production through definite and applying unit, security monitoring management system is installed on unit, by means such as supervision, control, management, realize handling safety control, dangerous critical warning, on-the-spot demonstration in real time and the function such as data recording preservation, reach simultaneously and use Audio and Video technology to show in real time and writing task state, the effect of playback afterwards.On this basis, can be as the case may be and need of work in unit with good conditionsi, further realize remote transmission, remote monitoring, telemanagement, remote service, data, Audio and Video inquiry, the functions such as data, Audio and Video statistics and analysis, progressively set up local monitor supervision platform and the remote monitoring platform of the hoisting machinery security monitoring management based on technology of Internet of things.
The eighties in last century, China, on the planned preventive repair system basis of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), absorbs the content of producing maintenance synthetic engineering, Logistics engineering and Japanese Productive Maintenance, proposes the thought that equipment is carried out to integrated management.This system has more detailed discussion in the < of China < equipment Management Regulation > >, but lacks detailed, exercisable standard.Enterprise is different, and different to the understanding of overall equipment management, management practice respectively has feature.Although recent year has respectively many achievements in the scientific management of modern comfort aspect theoretical and main equipment manufacture level, influential successfully cooperation case is actually rare between the two.Large-tonnage transportation rack device field at construction of railways is blank especially.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the existing technical matters of prior art; A kind of standardization that large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model contributes to promote this type of device security design and running management that creates is provided, has been intended to more deeply improve all sidedly the safety operation level of equipment.The inexorable trend that meets large-scale engineering machinery device height Informatization Development.This Project-developing is motivated, with strong points, is domestic railway equipment safe construction is had to the substantive a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model helping.
Above-mentioned technical matters of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, is characterized in that, in this large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the electrical system of equipment is three layers of monitoring management model based on a kind of hierarchical design, and as shown in Figure 1, it comprises:
Simulator bottom based on mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation: the main equipment oriented structure of this one deck itself, this respect analysis is the whole basis of setting up security monitoring management model;
Model middle layer based on constructor's operational administrative: the main equipment oriented of this one deck is controlled;
Model management application layer based on top management: the main equipment oriented group's of this one deck overall monitor management is the top of administrative model.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the device that described simulator bottom builds comprises:
Overtravel protection device: by stress determination means speed and distance;
Overload protection device: mechanism's stress protection;
Overspeed protective device: reel gravity stalling monitoring;
Wire rope producing balanced forces control device: initiatively row's rope is controlled;
Synchronized movement control device: position transducer is realized synchro control;
Device for monitoring motion gesture: latch state-detection;
Member locking device: multimachine structure is linkage interlocked;
Complete machine structure load-bearing monitor device: wheels counterpressure monitoring;
Hydraulic system pressure monitoring device: hanging oil cylinder opening pressure monitoring;
Complete machine position and condition monitoring: feeding beam approaches and horizontality monitoring;
Complete machine mobile monitoring device: range finding protection when vertical shift is crossed across operation;
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the device that described model middle layer builds comprises:
Equipment from detection module: certainly detect sensing element by the PLC module of equipment, by monitoring management model the middle layer software resume module;
Maloperation processing module: hardware interlock and software interlock, by the middle layer software resume module;
The self diagnosis module of fault: fault self-diagnosis expert system, by the middle layer software resume module;
Fault redundance technology: key hardware adopts backup;
Standby mode of operation: standby mode of operation is set, and K1 mode of operation, under this pattern, can start the multiple mode of operation under different faults by man-machine interface, as emergency processing;
Connected network communication mechanism: on-the-spot networking interface.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the device that described management application layer builds comprises:
High-performance industrial control computer: operation large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model management application layer software module, the management of job step, remote software management;
Giant-screen graphic terminal: the monitoring of man-machine graphical interfaces and personnel's configuration;
Rdal-time DBMS: real time data processing;
Mass Digital Storage System: the storage of historical data and inquiry;
Broad band remote communication interface: control for wide area network (the whole country) Intranet;
Network issuing function module: wide area network data issue;
Message release DTU: fault alarm note is edited automatically, automatic trunking transmitting module;
Print module: archives are reviewed and printed;
Real-time video monitoring and memory storage: real-time video monitoring and the storage of equipment operation;
Remote speech passage: remote speech exchanges.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, described security monitoring management model is modern comfort management theory TPM and the computing machine mechanical analysis application in a certain concrete equipment simultaneously.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, described security monitoring management model can, for separate unit heavy construction equipment, also can be applicable to the device cluster being comprised of multiple devices.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: modern comfort management theory is combined with transportation rack device construction management.Create the standardization that large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model contributes to promote this type of device security design and running management, be intended to more deeply improve all sidedly the safety operation level of equipment.The inexorable trend that meets large-scale engineering machinery device height Informatization Development.The object of the invention is clear and definite, with strong points, and domestic railway equipment safe construction is had to substantial help.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is three layers of monitoring management model structure principle schematic in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is structural principle schematic diagram of simulator bottom in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural principle schematic diagram in model middle layer in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is structural principle schematic diagram of model management application layer in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
Patent of the present invention is on the basis of modern comfort management and maintenance system TPM system, proposed a set of concrete, targetedly, attainable, device oriented security monitoring management model.Control system that can bonding apparatus self by this set of model can realize the specific features that TPM total efficiency, total system and crew participate in effectively on distinct device object.
In the present embodiment, the establishment step of security monitoring management model is:
1. the hierarchical design of model;
The original intention of model layering is in order to reduce the complicacy of modeling, solve heterogeneity (heterogeneity) problem of communication, upper strata solves various macro-management contents (difference of data represents), lower floor solves equipment independence safe operation mechanism, challenge is simplified, the detailed problem of high-rise shielding low layer.The number of plies is difficult to realize standardization very little, and the number of plies can make system too complicated too much.This modelling is three-decker.
2. the simulator bottom-layer design based on mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation, as shown in Figure 2:
First according to different types of equipment, carry out mechanical analysis, at the base of its mechanical structure analysis result
On plinth, apply the security monitoring model that method of the present invention proposes single device.Equipment bottom requires enforceability, high reliability, independence.Independence refers to that equipment bottom can depart from upper two layers isolated operation.Otherwise not all right.This is also equipment bottom and other essential distinction of 2 layers.Simulator bottom-layer design principle is to meet on the basis of customer requirements, reducing the hardware spending of equipment as far as possible, gives last layer go to process some non real-time information (as database).But in the design of hardware and software of interface, to accomplish standardization.For the standardization of last layer is provided convenience.
3. the design of the model middle layer based on constructor's operational administrative, as shown in Figure 3:
This one deck of model is substantially with the few of relation of hardware.Its demand with bottom-line management of controlling that focuses on how meeting site operation equipment, determines the ability such as emergency stop mechanism, fault handling, field maintemance of equipment.Middle layer design must guarantee in the situation that there is no last layer management application layer can with the associated working of equipment bottom, improve the safe performance indexes of equipment bottom, reduce the requirement to working-yard equipment maintenance and management personnel specialty knowledge.
4. the design of the model management application layer based on top management, as shown in Figure 4:
Model management application layer has reflected the application of modern comfort management philosophy in large-tonnage transportation rack device comprehensively.The main equipment oriented group's of this one deck overall monitor management, be the top of administrative model, comprise monitoring management, the management of job step, data base administration, Incident Management, telecommunication safety, flow control, interrupting channel, these aspects of remote maintenance that personnel configure.All requirements of user can be covered all at one glance and show at this one deck.Management application layer model is the design basis of the joint control of device cluster and the long distance control system of cross-region.
By the practical case of a Bridge Erector, carry out elaborating of technical solution of the present invention below:
One, the simulator bottom based on mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation (this aspect is to device hardware, interface normalization): this respect analysis is the whole basis of setting up security monitoring management model; It is the bottom of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device safety control reason model, and traditional device structure analytical calculation is conventionally just in order to make equipment meet structure and crane code requirement.The mechanical analysis of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device security monitoring management model is on this basis towards security monitoring management requirement, proposes associated dynamic monitoring content.
1), Bridge Erector mechanical structure characteristic: front leg strut verticality; The local stress of key position; Local stability; Overall displacements; The consistance of stress distribution trend.
2), set up observing and controlling object (model has different object factories to distinct device).
(1) jacklift security protection:
Overtravel protection: by stress determination means speed and distance.
Overload protection: mechanism's stress protection.
Overspeed protection: reel gravity stalling monitoring.
Wire rope producing balanced forces is controlled.
(2) front leg strut security protection: comprise motion control, athletic posture monitoring, member locking, overtravel protection and synchro control.
(3) complete machine security protection: comprise that complete machine structure load-bearing monitor, hydraulic system pressure monitoring, complete machine position control, multimachine structure are linkage interlocked, complete machine mobile monitoring and the monitoring of complete machine horizontality.
3), according to observing and controlling object configure hardware.
(1) jacklift security protection system comprises:
Lifting altitude is spacing: Weight type height is spacing and supersonic sounding is spacing.
Overload protection: adopt load instrument to detect and control.
Hoisting drum stall protection: test the speed+computer control of drum speed sensor+hydraulic brake braking.Lifting velocity is controlled.
Hoisting drum is provided with active rope discharging device, and wire rope detects.
Longitudinally operation: early warning travel switch+terminal travel switch+mechanical stop, left and right operation is synchronous to be detected, and speed is controlled.
Quantitatively traversing: position transducer is realized quantitatively traversing.
Traversing spacing: oil cylinder terminal is spacing+mechanical stop.
(2) front leg strut security protection system: comprise that pulling emergency stop switch, ultrasonic range finder sensor prevents post of case beam collision, verticality detecting sensor, left and right latch state-detection of post, advances, retreats limit switch and left and right is synchronously detected, travelling speed controls,
(3) complete machine security protection system: comprise that vertical shift crosses that opening pressure monitoring, feeding beam proximity test and warning, the monitoring of complete machine horizontality, wind-force monitoring are controlled, hung to the balanced oil cylinder working-pressure monitoring of range finding protection, walking wheels, traveling speed across when operation, leakage protection module is housed general supply electric air switch and anxious the stopping of telepilot stops with cab is anxious.
Two, the model middle layer based on constructor's operational administrative (with hardware independent): this one deck is the middle layer of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device security monitoring management model, it is mainly equipment oriented application.
1), set up observing and controlling object
According to the layering principle of this model, the model middle layer of Bridge Erector comprises following several aspects:
Certainly the detection of equipment; Maloperation is processed; The self diagnosis of fault; Fault redundance technology; Standby mode of operation and connected network communication mechanism;
2), the processing module of the corresponding observing and controlling object in middle layer comprises: the main PLC module of equipment, certainly detect sensing element, hardware interlock and software interlock, fault self-diagnosis expert system, key hardware adopts backup, network communication interface, large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model the middle layer software module and standby mode of operation (K1) is set, under this pattern, by man-machine interface, can start the multiple mode of operation under different faults, as emergency processing.
Three, the model management application layer based on top management (with hardware independent, higher with network associate degree): administration and supervision authorities are the top of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device security monitoring management model, lay particular emphasis on management completely.
1), the feature content of management application layer, its function roughly has several aspects below: the monitoring of personnel configuration, management, data base administration, Incident Management, telecommunication safety, flow control, interrupting channel and the remote maintenance of job step.
2), the realization of management application level function comprises: high-performance industrial control computer, giant-screen graphic terminal, rdal-time DBMS, Mass Digital Storage System, large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model management application layer software module, broad band remote communication interface, network issuing function module, message release DTU, print module, real-time video monitoring and memory storage and remote speech passage.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, is characterized in that, in this large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the electrical system of equipment is three layers of monitoring management model based on a kind of hierarchical design, comprising:
Simulator bottom based on mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation: the main equipment oriented structure of this one deck itself, this respect analysis is the whole basis of setting up security monitoring management model;
Model middle layer based on constructor's operational administrative: the main equipment oriented of this one deck is controlled;
Model management application layer based on top management: the main equipment oriented group's of this one deck overall monitor management is the top of administrative model;
The device that described simulator bottom builds comprises:
Overtravel protection device: by stress determination means speed and distance;
Overload protection device: mechanism's stress protection;
Overspeed protective device: reel gravity stalling monitoring;
Wire rope producing balanced forces control device: initiatively row's rope is controlled;
Synchronized movement control device: position transducer is realized synchro control;
Device for monitoring motion gesture: latch state-detection;
Member locking device: multimachine structure is linkage interlocked;
Complete machine structure load-bearing monitor device: wheels counterpressure monitoring;
Hydraulic system pressure monitoring device: hanging oil cylinder opening pressure monitoring;
Complete machine position and condition monitoring: feeding beam approaches and horizontality monitoring;
Complete machine mobile monitoring device: range finding protection when vertical shift is crossed across operation;
2. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the device that described model middle layer builds comprises:
Equipment from detection module: certainly detect sensing element by the PLC module of equipment, by monitoring management model the middle layer software resume module;
Maloperation processing module: hardware interlock and software interlock, by the middle layer software resume module;
The self diagnosis module of fault: fault self-diagnosis expert system, by the middle layer software resume module;
Fault redundance technology: key hardware adopts backup;
Standby mode of operation: standby mode of operation is set, and K1 mode of operation, under this pattern, can start the multiple mode of operation under different faults by man-machine interface, as emergency processing;
Connected network communication mechanism: on-the-spot networking interface.
3. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the device that described management application layer builds comprises:
High-performance industrial control computer: operation large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model management application layer software module, the management of job step, remote software management;
Giant-screen graphic terminal: the monitoring of man-machine graphical interfaces and personnel's configuration;
Rdal-time DBMS: real time data processing;
Mass Digital Storage System: the storage of historical data and inquiry;
Broad band remote communication interface: control for wide area network Intranet;
Network issuing function module: wide area network data issue;
Message release DTU: fault alarm note is edited automatically, automatic trunking transmitting module;
Print module: archives are reviewed and printed;
Real-time video monitoring and memory storage: real-time video monitoring and the storage of equipment operation;
Remote speech passage: remote speech exchanges.
4. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described security monitoring management model is modern comfort management theory TPM and the computing machine mechanical analysis application in large-tonnage transportation rack device simultaneously.
5. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described security monitoring management model can, for separate unit heavy construction equipment, also can be applicable to the device cluster being comprised of multiple devices.
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| CN105467949A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-04-06 | 上海谷德软件工程有限公司 | Crane remote monitoring and intelligent maintenance system based on IOT and DSP |
| CN108303925A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-07-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of monitoring early warning and safety system of integration of transporting and building machine |
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| CN202512423U (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-10-31 | 中铁科工集团有限公司 | Large tonnage carrying and erecting equipment safety monitoring management model |
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| CN102083169A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-06-01 | 上海海事大学 | System for remotely monitoring safety of ship in real time based on wireless sensor network (WSN) and international maritime satellite-fleet (INMARSAT-F) |
| CN202512423U (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-10-31 | 中铁科工集团有限公司 | Large tonnage carrying and erecting equipment safety monitoring management model |
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