CN102638073A - PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) emergency power supply system - Google Patents
PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) emergency power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102638073A CN102638073A CN2012100554338A CN201210055433A CN102638073A CN 102638073 A CN102638073 A CN 102638073A CN 2012100554338 A CN2012100554338 A CN 2012100554338A CN 201210055433 A CN201210055433 A CN 201210055433A CN 102638073 A CN102638073 A CN 102638073A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) emergency power supply system, which is designed for solving the problems that the existing emergency power supply is short in continuous power supply time and can not provide charge recovering on emergency occasions, and a gasoline generator is bulky and large in noises and releases harmful gases. The system disclosed by the invention comprises a system controller, a PEMFC, a fuel cell controller, a DC/DC (direct current) conversion circuit, a lithium battery and a charging and battery management system, wherein the fuel cell controller is used for carrying out controlling and monitoring on the PEMFC, and transmitting information to the system controller through a CAN (controller area network) bus; the DC/DC conversion circuit is controlled by the system controller, and connected to a load by the PEMFC, and the load is controlled by the system controller; the lithium battery is connected between the PEMFC and the load; and the charging and battery management system is controlled by the system controller and controls the operating state of the lithium battery. The emergency power supply system supplied power jointly by the PEMFC and the lithium battery can ensure the continuous power supply during a hydrogen storage vessel replacement period; and the system is long on continuous power supply time and noiseless, and has zero discharge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric power system, specifically is the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system.
Background technology
China is vast in territory; Natural calamity takes place frequently; The continuous power-on times of emergency power supply such as lithium battery commonly used, Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery are short and can't provide charging to recover in emergent occasion in rescue and relief work and accident are disposed, and gasoline engine generator is relatively heavier, noise is big and the release pernicious gas.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve and the technical assignment of proposition are to overcome the continuous power-on time weak point of existing emergency power supply and can't provide charging to recover in emergent occasion; Gasoline engine generator is relatively heavy, noise is big and discharge the defective of pernicious gas, provides a kind of and can supply power continuously, carries out energy dynamics according to lithium battery SOC, fuel cell optimum Working and loading condition and distribute the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system with management.
For achieving the above object, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises:
System controller;
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells;
Fuel cell controller, it is controlled and monitors described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and passes through the CAN bus with message transmission to described system controller;
The DC/DC translation circuit, it is controlled by described system controller and connects to load through described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and described load is controlled by described system controller;
Lithium battery, it is connected between said Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and the load;
Charging and battery management system, the operating state that it is controlled by described system controller and controls said lithium battery.
As the optimization technique measure, described load, DC/DC translation circuit, charging and battery management system pass through CAN bus slave in described system controller.
As the optimization technique measure; Described charging and battery management system are that 3 pin ACDRV output low levels, the batdr output high level of BQ24610 ends Q1 conducting, Q3; Fuel cell output voltage process Q1, R2 and R21 are added to the 24 pin Vcc of BQ24610, for charging chip provides power supply.Further; Be provided with the charging and discharging state indication LED in described charging and the battery management system, provide resistance, charging drive signal output switch, fly-wheel diode, charging current detection resistance, lithium battery voltage detection resistance, the total current of mode of operation control voltage to detect resistance; The 4th pin of BQ24610 is the charging Enable Pin, and the 6th pin is the temperature detection end.
As the optimization technique measure, described DC/DC translation circuit adopts integrated converter.
As the optimization technique measure, described system controller adopts 89S51CPU, with TLV2543 chip extension AD interface.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the emergency power supply system that utilizes PEM fuel cell, lithium battery alliance; Hydrogen storage vessel also can guarantee continuous power supply between the stage of replacement; Control system adopts fuzzy algorithmic approach; According to lithium battery SOC, fuel cell optimum Working and loading condition, carry out energy dynamics and distribute and management.Developed model machine, and used in emergent occasion, the continuous power-on time of this system is long, noiselessness, and zero discharge obtains good effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a lithium cell charging circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of DC/DC translation circuit;
Fig. 4 is a control section circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the membership function curve chart of bearing power of the present invention
;
Fig. 6 is the membership function curve chart of lithium battery state-of-charge SOC of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the membership function curve chart that lithium battery of the present invention provides power
;
Fig. 8 is the membership function curve chart of fuel cell output power Pfc of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a system control program flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a simulation waveform sketch map of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description the present invention is further specified.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises:
System controller;
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (proton exchange membrane fuel cell is called for short PEMFC);
Fuel cell controller (be called for short FC controller), its Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is controlled and is monitored and through the CAN bus with message transmission to system controller;
DC/DC translation circuit (being called for short DC/DC), it is controlled by system controller and connects to load through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and load is controlled by system controller;
Lithium battery, it is connected between Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and the load;
Charging and battery management system (being called for short charging BMS), the operating state that it is controlled by system controller and controls lithium battery.
Concrete; Load, DC/DC translation circuit, charging and battery management system are that 3 pin ACDRV output low levels, the batdr output high level of BQ24610 ends Q1 conducting, Q3 through CAN bus slave in system controller charging and battery management system; Fuel cell output voltage is added to the 24 pin Vcc of BQ24610 through Q1, R2 and R21; For charging chip provides power supply; The resistance, charging drive signal output switch, fly-wheel diode, the charging current that are provided with the charging and discharging state indication LED in charging and the battery management system, provide mode of operation to control voltage detect resistance, lithium battery voltage detection resistance, total current detection resistance; The 4th pin of BQ24610 is the charging Enable Pin, and the 6th pin is the temperature detection end.The DC/DC translation circuit adopts integrated converter.System controller adopts 89S51CPU, with TLV2543 chip extension AD interface.
Below through an example the present invention is done and to specify.
System selects 180W Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (pile) for use, and power is 180W, output voltage 15V-28V.The index of lithium battery is that 13.2V/15AH supports 1 hour tactics requirement to guarantee under the fuel cell state or to run out of gas to change not as good as emergent full power under the situation.Temperature, input hydrogen and air pressure, flow and pile abnormal conditions that fuel cell controller is mainly accomplished Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are controlled and are monitored; And through the CAN bus with message transmission to system controller; System controller is mainly accomplished to the detection in real time of load size, lithium battery SOC and fuel cell pile operating mode and according to fuzzy algorithmic approach and is dynamically carried out energy management, makes an emergency power supply system parts be operated in optimum state.
The lithium cell charging circuit is as shown in Figure 2: the 3 pin ACDRV output low levels of BQ24610, batdr output high level end Q1 conducting, Q3; Fuel cell output voltage 15V-28V process Q1, R2 and R21 are added to the 24 pin Vcc of BQ24610, for charging chip provides power supply.Energy stream is as follows: fuel cell output voltage lead up to R2 via the DC/DC voltage stabilizing after output 12V direct voltage to output, Q5, Q6, L1 are passed through to lithium cell charging in another road under BQ24610 control.When the fuel cell no-output, the 3 pin ACDRV of BQ24610 output high level, batdr output low level make that Q1 ends, the Q3 conducting, and lithium battery is that BQ24610 and load provide power supply through Q3.
D1, D2, D3 are the charging and discharging state indication LED, and R7-R12 carries mode of operation control voltage, and Q5, Q6 are charging drive signal output switching tube, and D4 is a fly-wheel diode.R13 is that charging current detects resistance, is used to detect the size of actual charge current.R14, R16 lithium battery voltage detect resistance, and BQ24610 judges the state of lithium battery according to actual charge current and battery terminal voltage, and decision charge initiation or termination.R2 is that total current detects resistance, when fuel cell output total current surpasses 10A, turn-offs circuit system.The 4th pin of BQ24610 is the charging Enable Pin, and high level is effective, and the 6th pin is the temperature detection end, can directly detect the temperature of lithium battery.
The DC/DC translation circuit adopts integrated converter, input voltage 9V ~ 36V, and the switching frequency of 2800KHz, output voltage 12V+10%, conversion efficiency 90%, maximum output current 12A, peripheral circuit is simple.As shown in Figure 3.
The parameter that emergency power supply system need detect is many: fuel cell need detect output voltage, output current; Charging BMS need detect charging current, cell voltage and battery SOC; Output need detect output current, output voltage.Therefore need expansion AD interface, referring to Fig. 4,89S51CPU is adopted in system's control, and AD adopts the TLV2543 chip; This chip has the input of 10 road aanalogvoltages, adopts serial line interface with single-chip microcomputer, and it is less to take mouthful line resource, and conversion speed is than very fast; Show to adopt the LCD1602 liquid crystal display, do not adopt that the liquid crystal dynamic current is not more than 5mA when backlight, mainly show fuel cell operation status; Lithium battery SOC and charge status, output voltage, output current information, power supply information such as overall efficiency.
System controller communicates through CAN bus and fuel cell controller in addition, reads the operating state of fuel cell, and fuel cell is carried out Detection & Controling.
The system of above-mentioned instance adopts FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, and the constraints of energy management algorithm is: (1) fuel cell, lithium battery work in optimum state; (2) fuel cell output power is stable as far as possible and at best efficiency point; (3) the lithium battery state-of-charge is more than SOCmin; (4) be constraints with the power share of distributing to fuel cell, regulate the power output of lithium battery; (5) as far as lithium battery, when storage battery SOC minimum limit value (SOCmin) is less than or equal to 30%, lithium battery must charge; (6) SOC was at 50%～70% o'clock, and apparent load demand power situation can be charged and also can be discharged; (7) do not charge greater than 90% the time as SOC.
Fuzzy controller is the input variable of fuzzy control with the state-of-charge SOC of bearing power
and lithium battery, and distributing power output
and lithium battery power output
with fuel cell is the output variable of fuzzy controller.Fuzzy input variable
and the basic domain of SOC are [0; 150] W and [30,90] % are with the input variable obfuscation; The fuzzy subset is { ZO (zero); PS (just little), PM (center), PB (honest) }; The domain of fuzzy output variable
is [100,150] KW, and the fuzzy subset also is { NB (negative big); NM (in negative); NS (negative little), ZO (zero), PS (just little); PM (center); PB (honest) }, the domain of fuzzy output variable
is [0,160] KW; The fuzzy subset also is { ZO (zero); PS (just little), PM (center), PB (honest) }.The membership function of selecting input, output fuzzy variable is triangle such as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8.
Fuzzy control rule is formed by connecting a series of relatives, and the most frequently used relative has if-then, also; Or and and; Confirm the fuzzy control rule of each output variable and input variable, obtain expert's control table, and control the controlled quentity controlled variable of form through actual test optimization; The controlled quentity controlled variable that FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL provides need be carried out the de-fuzzy processing, it is transformed in the receptible basic domain of controlling object institute goes the de-fuzzy Processing Algorithm to adopt centroid method.
The system control program flow process is as shown in Figure 9.
In the Matlab analogue system, set up fuzzy controller; The domain of the input variable target power
of delivery paste control and the state-of-charge SOC of lithium battery is [100; 150] W and [30; 90] %; The output variable fuel cell that delivery is stuck with paste controller distributes power output
, lithium battery to distribute the domain of power output
to be respectively [0; 150] KW, [100,150] W.Lithium battery is 15AH/13.2V, the initial state-of-charge SOC=60% of battery.It is shown in figure 10 simultaneously to get time 0-15 minute simulation waveform at Matlab/Simulink.
Utilize fuzzy algorithmic approach that PEM fuel cell and lithium battery energy are carried out dynamic assignment and management according to battery SOC and load size; Developed model machine; Actual test shows: test result shows the complete machine electrical efficiency more than 90%, and 600 liters of continuous power-on times of metal hydrogen container of capacity are about 16 hours when the initial SOC=80% of lithium battery.Overall efficiency (chemical energy-power supply output) is more than 55%, specific power 120W/500g, and there is very big raising aspects such as stream time and maintenance than traditional emergency service equipment performance, have promotional value.
Claims (6)
1. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system is characterized in that it comprises:
System controller;
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells;
Fuel cell controller, it is controlled and monitors described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and passes through the CAN bus with message transmission to described system controller;
The DC/DC translation circuit, it is controlled by described system controller and connects to load through described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and described load is controlled by described system controller;
Lithium battery, it is connected between said Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and the load;
Charging and battery management system, the operating state that it is controlled by described system controller and controls said lithium battery.
2. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described load, DC/DC translation circuit, charging and battery management system pass through CAN bus slave in described system controller.
3. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described charging and battery management system are that 3 pin ACDRV output low levels, the batdr output high level of BQ24610 ends Q1 conducting, Q3; Fuel cell output voltage process Q1, R2 and R21 are added to the 24 pin Vcc of BQ24610, for charging chip provides power supply.
4. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: be provided with the charging and discharging state indication LED in described charging and the battery management system, provide resistance, charging drive signal output switch, fly-wheel diode, charging current detection resistance, lithium battery voltage detection resistance, the total current of mode of operation control voltage to detect resistance; The 4th pin of BQ24610 is the charging Enable Pin, and the 6th pin is the temperature detection end.
5. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described DC/DC translation circuit adopts integrated converter.
6. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells emergency power supply system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described system controller adopts 89S51CPU, with TLV2543 chip extension AD interface.
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| CN2012100554338A CN102638073A (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2012-03-05 | PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) emergency power supply system |
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| CN2012100554338A CN102638073A (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2012-03-05 | PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) emergency power supply system |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105790408A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 西南交通大学 | Efficient and small-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell and lithium cell hybrid power system |
| CN106786839A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-05-31 | 德阳九鼎智远知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell and lithium battery mixed power supply system and method |
| CN110429703A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-08 | 长沙松马科电子有限公司 | A kind of DC UPS module with internet |
| CN111291452A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-16 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Method and system for determining risk of failure mode of ship electric propulsion system |
| CN111933973A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-13 | 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 | Mixed energy management system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN113594511A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-11-02 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Space energy management system based on load power and battery pack state |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105790408A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 西南交通大学 | Efficient and small-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell and lithium cell hybrid power system |
| CN105790408B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-05-22 | 西南交通大学 | Efficient low power proton exchange membrane fuel cell and lithium battery hybrid power system |
| CN106786839A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-05-31 | 德阳九鼎智远知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell and lithium battery mixed power supply system and method |
| CN110429703A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-08 | 长沙松马科电子有限公司 | A kind of DC UPS module with internet |
| CN111291452A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-16 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Method and system for determining risk of failure mode of ship electric propulsion system |
| CN111291452B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2023-05-26 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Ship electric propulsion system fault mode risk determination method and system |
| CN111933973A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-13 | 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 | Mixed energy management system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN113594511A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-11-02 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Space energy management system based on load power and battery pack state |
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Application publication date: 20120815 |