CN102630378B - Based on individuation data communications method and the equipment of description document - Google Patents

Based on individuation data communications method and the equipment of description document Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102630378B
CN102630378B CN201080053559.0A CN201080053559A CN102630378B CN 102630378 B CN102630378 B CN 102630378B CN 201080053559 A CN201080053559 A CN 201080053559A CN 102630378 B CN102630378 B CN 102630378B
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data
identifier
description
individuation
description document
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CN102630378A (en
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易特山姆·艾尔卡亚特
皮埃尔·莱普若普瑞
黑柯·帕酷
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1044—Group management mechanisms 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1068—Discovery involving direct consultation or announcement among potential requesting and potential source peers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1074—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks for supporting data block transmission mechanisms
    • H04L67/1078—Resource delivery mechanisms
    • H04L67/108—Resource delivery mechanisms characterised by resources being split in blocks or fragments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1063—Discovery through centralising entities

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

In order to data entity (200) individuation data are sent at least the first recipient and the second recipient, provide description document (100), utilize the identifier of at least one placeholder version to carry out additional notes file.Description document (100) also comprises: the identifier of at least one direct type, is associated with the corresponding data fragment (210) of data entity (200).The identifier of placeholder version is associated with the data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) then.By providing dissimilar data of description (120) for different recipient, the identifier of placeholder version can be used as quoting personal content dissimilar in individuation data slot (220).This individuation can be obtained when not revising identifier portion (110) of description document (100).

Description

Based on individuation data communications method and the equipment of description document
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of the individuation data communication based on description document.
Background technology
In recent years, the digital distribution of data (such as content of multimedia) is more and more paid close attention to.To this, knownly carry out distributing data based on description document (also referred to as meta file).The example of this description document is such as according to the torrent file of BitTorrent agreement use and the play list file according to the use of HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol.Typically, the recipient of data is using the basis of the information in use description document as acquisition data.This information can be the identifier with the data slot unique association that will receive.Then, such as can according to equity (P2P) agreement never homology carry out the actual reception of data.An example of P2P agreement is above-mentioned BitTorrent agreement.
In P2P agreement, between all users of the part as P2P network, share content.For this reason, there is description document for each content item available in network.To this, " available " means that at least one member (also referred to as " peer-to-peer ") of network is providing this content item.In description document, the small fragment of contents processing project.When user asks particular content item, provide these fragments from the different members of network.This has the following advantages: it is always online until content item receives completely that the recipient of content item must not depend on the particular peer providing fragment.From most suitable position, such as, from there is the position with the data cube computation of low delay and high bit rate, each fragment can be provided.
According to known P2P technology, the description document of content item comprises the hashed value of different fragments, and the individual hashed value of different fragments is used for the mark fragment when receiving.In addition, description document comprises the hashed value obtained based on these individual hashed values.A rear hashed value can be used as to sign with unique identification content item and verify the integrality of description document.Therefore, when a fragment of revised context project, corresponding individual hashed value and changing based on the hashed value that individual hashed value calculates.Therefore, even if a fragment of only revised context project, will be interpreted as quoting different content project according to the hashed value that individual hashed value calculates.Such as, the content item had for the cine format of youthful advertisement will have different signature for the same film of the advertisement of female middle-aged from having.As a result, each individuation version of film needs the different diverse content stored by being considered to.In other words, even if the fragment of content item identical in two individuation versions still needs to provide respectively.
Therefore, the technology allowing individuation data efficient to be sent to different recipient is needed.
Summary of the invention
According to embodiments of the invention, provide a kind of method based on description document, data entity being sent at least the first recipient and the second recipient.Description document comprises the identifier of at least one the direct type be associated with the corresponding data fragment of data entity.Said method comprising the steps of: the identifier of placeholder version is added into description document.The identifier of placeholder version is associated with the data of description of individuation data slot.The data of description of the first kind is provided for the first recipient, the data of description of Second Type is provided for the second recipient.The data of description of the first kind is different from the data of description of Second Type.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of method based on description document, data entity being sent at least the first recipient and the second recipient is provided.The identifier that description document comprises at least one the direct type be associated with the corresponding data fragment of data entity and the identifier of placeholder version be associated with the data of description of individuation data slot.Said method comprising the steps of: the data of description that the first kind is provided for the first recipient, the data of description of Second Type is provided for the second recipient.The data of description of the first kind is different from the data of description of Second Type.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of method carrying out transmitted data entity based on description document is provided.Described description document comprises at least one identifier.Described identifier can be the direct type be associated with the corresponding data fragment of data entity or the placeholder version be associated with the data of description of individuation data slot.Described method is further comprising the steps of: if identifier is placeholder version, then retrieve the data of description that is associated of individuation data slot; And retrieve individuation data slot based on the data of description of retrieval.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of equipment is provided.Described equipment comprises: individuation logic, be configured to realize the step that the above-mentioned identifier by placeholder version is added into description document, and/or be configured to realize the above-mentioned step of data of description providing the data of description of the first kind for the first recipient and Second Type is provided for the second recipient.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of equipment, described equipment comprises: placeholder logic, is configured to the step of the method realizing above-mentioned reception data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the description document of the structure of the data entity with individuation data slot and the data entity for the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows for illustrating according to the block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention for the system of individuation data communication.
Fig. 3 shows for schematically showing according to the block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention for another system of individuation data communication.
Fig. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the network environment of the design can applied according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 diagrammatically illustrates the network equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 diagrammatically illustrates the receiving equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart for schematically showing the method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows the flow chart for schematically showing the other method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 A and 9B illustrates the example of description document.
Figure 10 illustrates the example of the description document according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 shows the flow chart for schematically showing the process according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 shows the flow chart for schematically showing another process according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to example embodiment and accompanying drawing, be explained in more detail the present invention.Shown embodiment relates to the technology for data entity individuation being communicated to different recipient.Data entity can comprise dissimilar content.Such as, data entity can comprise dissimilar content.Such as, data entity can comprise the content of multimedia being carried out individuation by advertisement or additional scene (such as passing through the scene of the extended version of scene or the content of multimedia checked).According to another example, data entity can comprise software, and software comprises individuation module, such as different language modules.Technology described herein can be applied to various types of communication network, such as, according to the mobile communications network of 3GPP (third generation Partnership Program) technical specification.These technology can also be applied to cable network by such as Internet service provider.The example more or less concentrated and pay close attention to and use BitTorrent agreement (example as P2P agreement) to transmit data is below described.But, be appreciated that design described herein can also be applied to other communication protocols, such as HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol (example as the flow host-host protocol based on description document).
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the structure of the data entity 200 according to embodiment of the present invention individuation.In addition, Fig. 1 also illustrate schematically the structure of the description document 100 used in embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, data entity 200 is further subdivided into multiple data slot 210.Data slot 210 can be bonded together to definite sequence to form data entity 200.Such as, if data entity 200 comprises content of multimedia (such as voice data and/or video data), then the order that data slot 210 broadcasts content of multimedia according to expection is arranged.According to embodiment, data slot 210 can be the fragment of media file, or can be individual media file.In FIG, the sequence of data slot 210 is indicated by numbering #X, #X+1, #X+2.Definite sequence is given according to this, after being placed in the data slot 210 with numbering #X by the data slot 210 data with numbering #X+1, and after the data slot 210 data with numbering #X+2 is placed in the data slot 210 with numbering #X+1, data slot 210 will be bonded together to form data entity 200.
As illustrated further in Fig. 1, by providing individuation data slot 220 to carry out individuation to data entity 200, data slot 220 will be included in the data entity 200 received by different recipient.The individuation data slot 220 of the first kind is provided for the first recipient (recipient 1), the individuation data slot 220 of Second Type is provided for the second recipient (recipient 2).To this, should be understood that the first recipient and the second recipient can correspond to the different clients receiving data in such as different physically receiving equipments.But the first and second recipients can also correspond to same client, but in different time points.The individuation data slot 220 of the first and second types has different content.Therefore, individuation can be carried out by the individuation data slot 220 comprising respective type to the data entity 200 that the first recipient and the second recipient receive.To this, should be understood that and can also provide more than two kinds of dissimilar individuation data slots 220, to obtain about the individuation more than two recipients.In addition, data entity 200 can comprise more than one individuation data slot.In addition, each that should be understood that the first and second recipients can represent that expection receives one group of recipient of the individuation content of identical type.In addition, individuation data slot 220 can between the data slot 210 of given position data inserting entity 200, or a data slot that can be given in replacement data fragment 210.
Description document 100 is provided for the reception allowing client control data fragment 210.For this reason, description document 100 comprises identifier portion 110.Identifier portion 110 comprises the corresponding identifier of each data slot 210 for data entity 200.In the example shown, there is the identifier of numbering #X corresponding to the data slot 210 with numbering #X, the identifier with numbering #X+1, corresponding to the data slot 210 with numbering #X+1, has the identifier of numbering #X+2 corresponding to the data slot 210 with numbering #X+2.These identifiers may be used for direct identification data fragment 210.In other words, there is one-one relationship between data slot 210 identifier corresponding to it.Therefore, these identifiers also can be called the identifier of direct type.
As illustrated further, the identifier portion 110 of description document 100 comprises one other identification symbol (being labeled as " placeholder ") of placeholder version.The identifier of placeholder version is associated with the data of description 120 of individuation data slot 220.Data of description 120 can be the first kind or Second Type.The data of description 120 of the first kind corresponds to the first recipient, and quotes the individuation data slot 220 of the first kind provided for the first recipient.The data of description 120 of Second Type corresponds to the second recipient, and quotes the individuation data slot 220 of the Second Type provided for the second recipient.Again, should be understood that the individuation in order to obtain about other recipients, the data of description 120 of other types can be provided.And have compared with the identifier of the direct type of the one-one relationship of data slot 210, it can be dissimilar data of description 120 that the identifier of placeholder version is quoted.Therefore, the identifier of placeholder version allows the specific recipient according to receiving data entity 200 to identify dissimilar individuation data slot.But this individuation does not change the identifier portion 110 of description document 100.
According to embodiment, the identifier of direct type can be the signature of corresponding data fragment 210, such as hashed value.Such as, if data communication is based on BitTorrent agreement, then description document 100 can be the torrent file according to BitTorrent agreement, and identifier portion 110 can be torrent file " info (information) " part.In this scenario, the identifier of direct type can be all hashed values of corresponding data fragment 210, such as, according to the hashed value that SHA 1 (SHA1) calculates.In another scene, data communication can based on document flow agreement, such as HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol.In this scenario, description document 100 can be the play list file according to HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol, and identifier portion 110 can be the list of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).
By data of description 120 is stored in predefine position, the identifier of placeholder version can be associated with data of description 120.Such as, data of description 120 can be stored in the predefine position in description document 100, but outside identifier portion 110.According to other examples, other predefine positions can be used, such as, predefine memory location in appended document, predefine network site (such as being identified by URL(uniform resource locator)), receiving equipment etc.
The identifier of placeholder version can have the form identical with the identifier of direct type.Such as, if directly the identifier of type is the hashed value of given length (such as 20 bytes), then the identifier of placeholder version can be the value of equal length.According to example, the identifier of placeholder version may be calculated pseudo-signature, and such as the SHA1 hashed value of phrase " ericsson ads P2P solution " is [4d622cad7ba532e8defe3d60e2bf75a2e2f369c].According to another example, the identifier of placeholder version can be pseudo-transfer source identifier, such as pseudo-URI, wherein specific part (such as scheme (scheme) part) is such as by comprising the pseudo-character of the indicator identifiers such as designator " dummy ".The data of description 120 be associated with the identifier of placeholder version can comprise the identifier of direct type then, and the individuation data slot 220 of the same particular type corresponding with expection recipient of identifier of direct type has one-one relationship.Such as, data of description 120 can comprise the signature of the individuation data slot 220 of particular type.According to another example, data of description 120 can comprise the URI of the individuation data slot 220 of particular type.Data of description 120 can also provide the side information of the individuation data slot 220 about particular type, the size of the individuation data slot 220 of such as particular type.According to embodiment, comprise size in data of description 120 and may be used for originally using the support that the data slot to arbitrary size is provided in the agreement of the data slot 210 of even size (such as BitTorrent agreement).
According to above-mentioned design, provide the solution of the problem irrelevant with the individual part (such as individuation data slot 220) of any interpolation to unique identification content item (i.e. data entity 200).This realizes by using description document (such as description document 100), and description document 100 comprises: the directly identifier of type, has the one-one relationship with the data slot 210 of data entity 200; And the identifier of at least one placeholder version, position corresponding with individuation content in description document 100 can be included in.In P2P scene, such as based on BitTorrent agreement, the identifier of direct type will be the hash of the data slot 210 of main contents (i.e. data entity 200), and provides the identifier of placeholder version in the position that individuation part should be in.Therefore, the part that description document comprises the identifier of direct type and the identifier of placeholder version will have same signature.Then, the description document (can be the torrent file according to BitTorrent agreement) of (such as by introducing the identifier of at least one placeholder version) individuation is sent in the manner described above to user or recipient.Then, user or recipient can obtain the data slot 210 forming main contents (i.e. data entity 200), and at least one individuation data slot 220 of this only corresponding with this recipient particular type.Such as, correspond in the scene of one or more advertisement to the effect that content of multimedia and this at least one individuation data slot 220, information about at least one individuation data slot 220 of this particular type can be included in data of description 120, data of description 120 can be placed in description document 100, such as, according in the torrent file of BitTorrent agreement.Therefore, user only can obtain those advertisements described in description document or torrent file.
According to some embodiments, the identifier of placeholder version can also be used at the diverse location place of description document 100, as quoting Different Individual data slot 220.Then, the individuation data slot 220 of particular type can be obtained according to the position of the identifier of placeholder version in description document 100.In addition, the identifier of placeholder version can be used as the application to one or more data slots 210 of data entity (i.e. major part) in some cases, and does not use the identifier of direct type to quote this data slot 210.This data slot 210 can be Stochastic choice.To the effect that come by one or more advertisement in the scene of content of multimedia of individuation, using the identifier of placeholder version to may be used for avoiding being convenient to skip advertisements as quoting of the fragment to main contents once in a while.
In the above description, design has been interpreted as being applicable to such as according to BitTorrent agreement or the data communication according to HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol.But, should understand, design can be applied to the data communication of other types, such as combine according to other agreements or apply with other, wherein, main contents are divided into little atom fragment, use the description document describing fragment and how to be relative to each other, and receive based on a part for description document or verify content, with other fragments in integrated main contents or content.The advertisement being integrated into primary media content is only an example.
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram for schematically showing the system for individuation data communication according to the embodiment of the present invention.This system can operate according to the above design explained about Fig. 1.This system may be used for the data entity transmitting any type, such as about the data entity 200 that Fig. 1 explains, described data entity is based on the data slot described in description document (such as meta file, supporting paper, torrent file etc.) or block.Each data slot or block can be formed by a part for file, multiple file or file.This system may be used for the main contents with additional personal content to be sent to different recipient.To this, personal content can be represented by not public to all recipients of identical main contents individuation data slot.Such as, personal content can be represented by least one the individuation data slot 220 explained about Fig. 1.Description document comprises the identifier of placeholder version, is used as totally quoting personal content.In other words, the identifier of identical placeholder version can be used as quoting dissimilar personal content.
As shown in Figure 2, system comprises: client 510, Content Provider 520, description document generator 530, selector 540, Metadata Repository 550 and item repository 560.These assemblies can realize in dissimilar equipment.Such as, each in these assemblies can be realized in map network equipment.In addition, some in these assemblies can be integrated in same network device.In addition, client 510 can be implemented in end user device, such as, will be coupled in the terminal of communication network.According to an example, client 510 can be implemented in mobile terminal, and this mobile terminal is configured to be coupled to mobile communications network (such as according to 3GPP technical specification).
According to embodiments of the invention, the operation of the system shown in Fig. 2 can be as follows: client 510, by sending message 51 to Content Provider 520, asks main contents from Content Provider 520.Then, Content Provider 520 can trigger description document generator 530 by transmission message 52 and produce description document.By sending message 53, description document generator 530 asks the information about personal content from selector 540, such as, about the individuation data slot 220 that Fig. 1 explains.By sending message 54, selector 540 can ask the list that will be used as the content item of personal content from Metadata Repository 550.By sending message 55, Metadata Repository 550 utilizes the list of available content item object to respond.Then, available content items is mapped to different recipient or user by selector 540.This can come according to user preference, user profiles, user interest or other criterions.According to some embodiments, selector 540 can select one or more identifiers of personal content, such as, about the identifier of the individuation data slot 220 of the particular type of Fig. 1 explanation.Identifier can be signature (such as hashed value), or can be transfer source identifier (such as URI).Also the identifier of other types can be used, such as URI.According to some embodiments, selector for identical recipient or identical group of recipient, can also be selected the list of the identifier (such as URI or hashed value) relevant to dissimilar personal content, and utilizes it to respond.Then, based on this list, recipient can select between dissimilar personal content.By sending message 56 to description document generator 530, selector 540 sends the one or more selected identifier of personal content to description document generator 530.
Description document generator produces description document based on the input from selector 540.Produce description document, to comprise: the identifier of the direct type relevant to main contents; And at least one identifier of the placeholder version relevant to personal content.The identifier of direct type and this at least one identifier of placeholder version can as about Fig. 1 explain.Description document generator 530 provides a description file by sending message 57 to client 510.
Then, client 510, by sending one or more message 58 to item repository 560, retrieves main contents and personal content based on description document.In certain embodiments, this can also comprise the identifier sending placeholder version.Item repository 560, by sending one or more message 59, utilizes project and personal content to respond.Here, should be understood that item repository 560 as shown in Figure 2 can realize in single position, or can be distributed on diverse location.Such as, the different pieces of information fragment of main contents can be provided from diverse location.In addition, one or more individuation data slots of personal content can be provided from the position different from main contents, different individuation data slots can be provided from diverse location.When retrieval of content, such as when running into the identifier of the n-th placeholder version in description document, the individuation content corresponding with the n-th identifier (such as the n-th URI or hashed value) received from selector 540 that client 510 can be asked (can also play when content of multimedia).If selector 540 has provided multiple alternative identifiers of personal content, then client 510 can select at least one in these alternative identifiers, and the personal content that request is corresponding.
Therefore, said system provides the individualized description document comprising at least one pointer pointing to personal content.This pointer can have the form of the data of description 120 explained about Fig. 1, and can comprise the identifier relevant to personal content, such as hashed value or URI.According to some embodiments, description document can also comprise the list of the pointer pointing to personal content, and client 510 can be selected from the project of this list.
Fig. 3 shows for schematically showing according to another embodiment of the present invention for the block diagram of the system of individuation data communication.Again, this system can operate, by using the description document comprising the identifier of at least one placeholder version, such as, to different recipient's transmitted data entity, data entity 200 according to the above design explained about Fig. 1.The assembly of the system of Fig. 3 and the component class of Fig. 2 are seemingly.As shown in the figure, system comprises client 610, Content Provider 620, description document generator 630, selector 640, Metadata Repository 650 and item repository 660.Compared with the system (wherein carrying out individualized description document by comprising the one or more pointers pointing to personal content) of Fig. 2, the system of Fig. 3 is configured to operate based on the Common Profile similar for each recipient.This corresponds to the scene described about Fig. 1, wherein provides a description separately data 120 from description document 100.
According to an example, this Common Profile can by by the quoting to be included in description document and realize of position (such as URL) obtaining personal content.Then, when asking personal content, the class indicator that can provide based on client 610 provides dissimilar personal content to client 610.According to another example, description document can comprise the position obtaining personal content and quote (such as URL), client can be identified by suitable voucher, described voucher is its MAC Address (MAC: medium education) or user name such as, to provide the personal content of particular type to client.Therefore, utilize the information (such as there is the form of class indicator) stored in client 610, or information that quoted position stores (such as having the form of class indicator, MAC Address, user name or the mapping between other voucher and the personal content of particular type) is quoted in the position in description document, can and description document realize between specific recipient and personal content mapping discretely.
The operation of system is as shown in Figure 3 as follows.Client 610 asks main contents by sending message 61 to Content Provider 620 from Content Provider 620.Content Provider 620 triggers description document generator 630 by sending message 62.Description document generator 630 produces description document, and described description document comprises the identifier of at least one placeholder version of personal content.In addition, description document also comprises the identifier of the one or more direct type quoting main contents.Description document generator 630 provides a description file by sending message 63 to client 610.
Based on description document, client 610 asks main contents and personal content.This can relate to: such as, and in the particular moment specified by the position of the identifier by placeholder version, client 610 asks individuation data slot by sending message 64 from selector 640.By sending message 65, selector 640 is from the list of Metadata Repository 650 request content project.By sending message 66, Metadata Repository utilizes the list of available content to respond.Selector 650 is selected from the list of available content, and utilizes the identifier of the position pointing to retrieval personal content (such as pointing to the URL of the personal content at content store 660 place) to respond client 610.Such as in the appointment moment, by sending message 68, client 610 asks personal content.As mentioned above, this can comprise transmission class indicator or other vouchers, such as MAC Address, user name etc.In certain embodiments, this can also comprise the identifier sending placeholder version.By sending message 69, item repository 660 utilizes personal content to respond.
It should be noted that in the system of Fig. 2 and 3, at least provide the part of personal content can be realized by server in Metadata Repository and/or content store, the server such as runed by advertisement agency or advertising broker.In addition, Metadata Repository and/or item repository can also be realized by P2P platform.The requirement of content-based provider can decide the physics realization of Metadata Repository and/or item repository.In addition, should understand, the identifier of personal content can be included in description document, but also can be stored in diverse location, such as, be stored in the mapping (enum) data that provided by client, selector, Metadata Repository and/or item repository or in the appended document of additional notes file.In addition, should be understood that between the different assemblies of system, dissimilar communication can be used, comprise unicast communication, multi-casting communication and broadcast communication.Such as, description document can be broadcast to multiple recipient or client by description document generator, and item repository can use broadcasting transmitting to provide main contents and/or personal content.But, in some cases, such as, for the individuation description document used in the system of figure 2, may be more suitable to the unicast transmission of the description document of client.In addition, should be understood that at least some process produced needed for description document can also perform before Content Provider request main contents in client.
Fig. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the communication network environment can applying above-mentioned design.More specifically, Fig. 4 concentrates that pay close attention to can the above-mentioned aspect of the never data slot of Homology search main contents and/or the individuation data slot of personal content.Use P2P agreement (as BitTorrent agreement) time, this situation is situation typical, but also may with other agreements (namely with can never homology the flow host-host protocol of the different fragments of stream is provided) together with occur.
In the network environment of Fig. 4, illustrate multiple equipment 310,320,350,360.Such as, equipment 310 and 320 can be the server storing the data slot of main contents and/or the individuation data slot of personal content.Such as, equipment 310 and 320 can realize the item repository about Fig. 2 and 3 explanation.Equipment 350 and 360 can be the receiving equipment of any type, such as terminal etc.Such as, equipment 350 and 360 can all realize the client shown in Fig. 2 and 3.Equipment 350 and 360 can correspond to the different recipients of personal data.In other words, equipment 350 and equipment 360 can receive dissimilar personal data.
From the viewpoint of equipment 350, there are the different possibilities of the data slot obtaining main contents.Such as, can from equipment 310 retrieve data fragment.In addition, may provide identical data slot (such as P2P data communication process) from equipment 310 to equipment 320, equipment 350 can obtain this data slot from equipment 320.In addition, may provide identical data slot (such as P2P data communication process) from equipment 310 to equipment 360, equipment 350 can obtain this data slot from equipment 360.Therefore, equipment 350 has the different options of the data slot obtaining main contents.Such as, based on the attribute of the data cube computation to equipment 310,320,360, such as, based on delay and/or the bit rate of data cube computation, the selection between these different options can be performed.In this manner, data slot can be obtained from most suitable position, and Internet resources can be used in very efficient mode.For acquisition individuation data slot, situation is similar.But correspond to expection at equipment 350 and 360 and receive in the supposition scene of the different recipients of dissimilar personal data, individuation data slot may be unavailable at equipment 360 place.
Fig. 5 diagrammatically illustrates the network equipment 410 according to the embodiment of the present invention.Such as, the network equipment 410 can correspond to one of equipment 310 or 320 of Fig. 4.In the signal of Fig. 5, only illustrate some assemblies of the network equipment 410, these assemblies are believed to be helpful in understands design described herein.Should be understood that the specific implementation according to the network equipment 410, other assemblies of the network equipment 410 can be provided.
As shown in Figure 5, the network equipment 410 comprises processor 412.Processor such as realizes individuation logic 414 by the program code performing suitable design.In addition, the network equipment 410 comprises interface 416, and interface 416 is coupled to processor 412 and individuation logic 414.Interface 416 can be any known type be suitable for other network equipments and/or terminal communication.Such as, interface 416 can be the interface that permission is carried out according to Internet Protocol communicating.In addition, should be understood that interface 416 can based on different physics realization, such as, can be configured to use wireline communication channels and/or radio communication channel.
Individuation logic 414 is configured to complete individuation according to above-mentioned design.Therefore, in certain embodiments, individuation logic 414 can be a part for description document generator, and the identifier of at least one placeholder version can be realized to insert description document.In certain embodiments, the identifier of placeholder version is inserted description document and can also be separated realization with the generation of description document.Such as, the network equipment 410 can receive description document via interface 416, and the identifier of at least one placeholder version can be added the description document of reception by individuation logic 414.In addition, individuation logic 414 can also realize the data of description be associated with the identifier of placeholder version (such as about the data of description 120 that Fig. 1 explains) to insert description document.Then, interface 416 can be used, the identifier with at least one placeholder version and the description document also alternatively with the data of description be associated with the identifier of placeholder version are sent to another equipment.
According to other examples, the mapping between the identifier that individuation logic 414 can be configured to realize placeholder version and the data of description of particular type be associated with the identifier of placeholder version.This can be realized, such as, by data of description being included in description document, or by data of description is stored in given position by amendment description document.Such as, client configuration can be make its individuation data slot retrieving particular type when running into the identifier of the placeholder version in description document all the time by individuation logic.In addition, individuation logic can configure mapping (enum) data, and described mapping (enum) data is relevant to the personal content of corresponding types by specific recipient.This mapping (enum) data can be stored in the item repository such as about Fig. 2 and 3 description, or is stored in any other correct position.In addition, individuation logic 414 can also realize the function of the selector explained about Fig. 2 and 3.
Fig. 6 diagrammatically illustrates the receiving equipment 450 according to the embodiment of the present invention.Such as, receiving equipment 450 can correspond to the equipment 350 or 360 of Fig. 4.For the purpose of simple, illustrate receiving equipment 450 and there is the assembly being believed to be helpful in and understanding design described herein.However, it should be understood that the specific implementation according to receiving equipment 450, receiving equipment 450 can also comprise other assemblies.
As shown in the figure, receiving equipment 450 comprises: processor 452, realizes the client 454 with placeholder logic 456.Client 454 and placeholder logic 456 can be realized by the program code of the suitable design performed by processor 452.Receiving equipment 450 also comprises: interface 458, is coupled to processor 452, client 454 and placeholder logic 456.Use interface 458, receiving equipment 450 can with other devices communicatings, such as server or other receiving equipments.The example of this communication is set forth about Fig. 4.Interface 458 can be any type allowing to carry out with other equipment data communication.Such as, interface 458 can be configured to allow to carry out data communication according to Internet Protocol.In addition, it shall yet further be noted that interface 458 can based on different physics realizations, such as, can be configured to use wireline communication channels and/or radio communication channel.
The client 454 of receiving equipment 450 can be configured to the function realizing the client explained about Fig. 1 to 3.Particularly, client 454 can be configured to realize receiving data based on description document.For this reason, client 454 is configured to analyze the identifier in description document.If identifier is direct type, then client can retrieve the corresponding data fragment of main contents based on the identifier of direct type.Placeholder logic 456 is configured to determine whether identifier is placeholder version.If the identifier in description document is placeholder version, then placeholder logic 456 retrieves the data of description be associated with the identifier of placeholder version.Based on this data of description, retrieval personal content.Such as, as about Fig. 1 explain, the data of description 120 of particular type can be provided, this data of description 120 quote with recipient relative to the individuation data slot of particular type.
Although within the above client 454 placeholder logic 456 being described as embodied in receiving equipment 450, it should be understood that, in certain embodiments, placeholder logic 456 can be implemented in the network equipment at least partially, such as about Fig. 2 and 3 describe item repository in.In an example of this realization, the placeholder logic in item repository can receive the request (such as by being comprised in the request by corresponding designator) indicating the content that will provide relevant to placeholder identifier.Then, the placeholder logic in item repository can retrieve the data of description of asked individuation content, retrieval individuation content, and responds with the content of retrieval.In certain embodiments, the placeholder logic in content store can also receive identifier and the request for corresponding contents from description document.Then, the placeholder logic in content store can determine whether identifier is placeholder version, if so, then retrieves the data of description of the individuation content of asking, retrieval individuation content, and responds with the content of retrieval.
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart for schematically showing the individuation data communications method according to the embodiment of the present invention.The method can realize above-mentioned design, and the said equipment and assembly can be used to perform.According to above-mentioned design, the object of the method is data entity to be sent at least the first and second recipients.This realizes based on description document.Description document can be foregoing description file, such as, description document 100 shown in Fig. 1.This description document can be produced by description document generator (the description document generators such as shown in Fig. 2 and 3).This description document comprises the identifier of at least one the direct type be associated with the corresponding data fragment of data entity.Particularly, one-one relationship can be there is between the identifier and corresponding data fragment of direct type.The identifier of direct type can be signature, such as hashed value, or can be transfer source identifier, such as URI.
In step 710, the identifier of placeholder version is added into description document.This can realize during description document produces, such as, realized by the description document generator described about Fig. 2 and 3.But the identifier of placeholder version can also be utilized to supplement existing description document, and this can realize as the special individuation assembly inputted by receiving the description document with the identifier of direct type.According to embodiment, the identifier of placeholder version has the form identical with the identifier of direct type.Such as, if directly the identifier of type is signature, then the identifier of placeholder version can be pseudo-signature.In addition, such as, if directly the identifier of type is transfer source identifier, URI, then the identifier of placeholder version can be pseudo-transfer source identifier, such as pseudo-URI.The identifier of placeholder version is associated with the data of description of individuation data slot.According to data entity to transmit recipient extremely, data of description can have dissimilar.Therefore, typically, the identifier of placeholder version and the individuation data slot of certain content or type do not have one-one relationship.
In step 720, provide the data of description of the first kind for the first recipient.In step 730, provide the data of description of Second Type for the second recipient.By providing dissimilar data of description for the first and second recipients, data of description according to expection recipient, can quote individuation data slot that is dissimilar or content.
Step 710,720 and 730 can perform by the individual logic of description document generator.But step 720 can also perform by being separated with description document generator the individuation logic provided with 730, or even can manually perform (such as being performed by Virtual network operator).This can by realizing being stored in predefine position (being namely separated in description document or with description document) with the data of description that the identifier of placeholder version is associated.In addition, this can be realized by the mapping controlling the extremely dissimilar individuation data slot of recipient.
Therefore, the different step of the method for Fig. 7 can realize in distinct device.Such as, the method in description document generator realizes comprising step 710, but does not comprise step 720 and 730.In addition, the method be separated with description document generator realizes comprising step 720 and 730, but does not comprise step 710.
Fig. 8 shows the flow chart for schematically showing the other method according to the embodiment of the present invention.The object of the method for Fig. 8 is to receive data based on description document.Again, the method can realize the design of above-mentioned individuation.Can performing in above-mentioned receiving equipment (namely about the receiving equipment 450 that Fig. 6 explains) at least partially of the method.
In step 810, receive the description document of data entity.This description document comprises at least one identifier.This identifier can be the direct type be associated with the corresponding data fragment of data entity, or the placeholder version be associated with the data of description of individuation data slot.Description document, the directly identifier of type and the identifier of placeholder version can correspond to foregoing description file, the directly identifier of type and the identifier of placeholder version, such as, can be the description document 100 about Fig. 1 explanation and identifier.The identifier of direct type can be signature, such as hashed value, or can be transfer source identifier, such as URI.The identifier of placeholder version can have identical form, such as, can be pseudo-signature or pseudo-transfer source identifier.Description document directly can receive from description document generator, or can receive via intermediary element (such as via the identifier of placeholder version being added into description document and/or the data of description be associated with the identifier of placeholder version being added into the individuation logic of description document).
In step 820, determine whether identifier is placeholder version.If description document comprises multiple identifier, then each identifier is performed and determine.
In step 830, if identifier is placeholder version, then retrieve the data of description be associated with the identifier of placeholder version.As about Fig. 1 explain, data of description can comprise the identifier of the individuation data slot of the particular type corresponding with recipient.Such as, data of description can comprise the transfer source identifier of the signature of the individuation data slot of particular type or the individuation data slot of particular type.Data of description can from the predefine location retrieval in description document.In addition, data of description can be retrieved from the position be separated with description document (such as from the appended document of additional notes file) or from any other suitable memory location (such as from the particular network location identified by URL).
In step 840, retrieve individuation data slot based on data of description.This can relate to reception individuation data slot and verify individuation data slot based on the signature in data of description.In addition, this can relate to and uses the transfer source identifier that comprises of data of description to ask individuation data slot.
The method of Fig. 8 can be performed by the placeholder logic of the client (such as about Fig. 2,3 or 5 clients explained) in receiving equipment.However, it should be understood that the some parts of the method can be performed by the placeholder logic in the network equipment (such as about the item repository that Fig. 2 and 3 explains).Such as, in certain embodiments, can be performed by the placeholder logic of this technical network at least partially in step 820,830 and 840.
Fig. 9 A and 9B shows in the example according to the description document used in the data communication of BitTorrent agreement, i.e. the example of torrent file.
According to BitTorrent agreement, there are two Major grades that the integrality of transferring content is checked.
The first order is exclusively used in the integrality of description document.It comprises the major part of checking description document, and this major part comprises the regular length of data slot, the hash of fragment, its number, the size of file (f) that will rebuild, its title and bibliographic structure etc.
The major part of description document comprises the information about what will receive, and other parts of description document comprise and how to receive or present information, such as by providing one or more tracking URL, follow the tracks of agreement, whom create description document about, when description document produces, the information of the human-readable general character of author etc.
According to BitTorrent agreement, the footprint (i.e. SHA1 hashed value) of the major part of description document forms the signature of description document.This signature is for verifying the integrality of description document.
Another integrity checking carries out when obtaining data slot: calculate the SHA1 hashed value receiving data slot, and itself and the hashed value that should receive according to the major part of description document is compared.
Design about the individuation of Fig. 1 to 8 explanation allows the major part not changing description document, still can transmit individuation content to different recipient simultaneously.
It should be noted that and relate to the description that realizes based on the design of BitTorrent agreement based on the monofile pattern of BitTorrent agreement below.However, it should be understood that these designs also can be applied to the multifile pattern of BitTorrent agreement.
In figures 9 a and 9b, the major part of torrent file is diagrammatically illustrated.This major part is positioned at the message part of routing directory, and comprises the field being expressed as " length ", " title ", " fragment length " and " fragment ".Field " length " defines the length of the file that will transmit in units of byte.The proposal name of field " title " defined file.Field " fragment length " defines fragment length in units of byte.Field " fragment " comprises the string connected to form by 20 byte SHA1 hashed values.Each fragment for file provides a hashed value.Therefore, field " fragment " comprises byte serial.
The example supposition of Fig. 9 A and 9B: the length that file has " XXXXX ", such as 11264 bytes; File name is " YYYYY "; Fragment length is " ZZZZ ", such as 1024.In addition, assuming that there are 10 fragments of main contents, P1 is expressed as, P2 ..., P10, has corresponding hashed value SHA (P1), SHA1 (P2) ..., SHA1 (P10).In addition, the description document of Fig. 9 A and 9B comprises the hashed value SH1 (B) or SH (G) that are associated respectively with individuation fragment B or G in field " fragment ".Such as, if file corresponds to film, then this individuation fragment can correspond to advertisement.For the purpose of simple, assuming that provide advertisement in a fragment.But, advertisement can also be provided in two or more fragments.In addition, the example supposition of Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B is different for the individuation fragment (such as advertisement) of each target group.Such as, fragment B take young boy as target, and fragment G take maiden as target.Therefore, the file shown in Fig. 9 A will belong to the target group of young boy, and the description document of Fig. 9 B will belong to the target group of maiden.
As mentioned above, according to BitTorrent agreement, the entry in the major part (i.e. " information " part) of description document forms the basis of the signature of description document, also referred to as " hashing information ".Therefore, signature only depends on the field shown in Fig. 9 A and 9B.
But can see from Fig. 9 A and 9B, for two description document of Fig. 9 A and 9B, hashing information is by difference.Therefore, in BitTorrent agreement, these description document will be regarded as quoting diverse content.There is provided the peer-to-peer of " boy student's version " of film will not produce contribution to " schoolgirl's version ".
Figure 10 shows the example of the description document according to the design explained here.Can see, " information " sub-population be similar to " information " part of the description document of Fig. 9 A and 9B.But, in field " fragment ", there is not the hashed value of individuation data slot (i.e. fragment " B " or fragment " G "), but only have placeholder (being expressed as PH).Therefore, the part (also dynamic part can be called) that can be used as the placeholder of the public Symbolic Links of all target groups to be substituted to the description document changed between Fig. 9 A and 9B is utilized.
Placeholder PH, as an example of the identifier of above-mentioned placeholder version, has identical length of signing with other fragments, such as, according to 20 bytes of BitTorrent agreement.Placeholder PH can once fix, such as, define in a standard.Such as, potential placeholder can be the SHA1 hashed value [4d622cad7ba532e8defe3d60e2bf75a2e2f369c] of " ericsson ads P2P solution ".Typically, placeholder PH makes to avoid the signature with fragment to obscure by being confirmed as.Because placeholder PH is not the hashed value calculated according to specific data content, it also can be called pseudo-signature or pseudo-signature.
Therefore, when client is wanted to obtain fragment based on placeholder PH, client is known: placeholder PH should do not used to verify the integrality of fragment, this fragment is not a part for main contents, any information about this fragment should check elsewhere (such as based on the expansion come in torrent file self from special main frame or peer-to-peer), this fragment is available in less group, usually can not obtain from all peer-to-peers.
The example of the process that client realizes is diagrammatically illustrated by the flow chart of Figure 11.
In step 1010, client is determined to obtain Segment A.
In step 1020, client obtains the signature of Segment A, is expressed as SIG (A).
In step 1030, determine whether the signature of Segment A is placeholder.If not, then process proceeds to step 1040, wherein retrieves the fragment corresponding with this signature with the traditional approach corresponding with the classical behavior according to BitTorrent agreement.
If determine that the signature of Segment A is placeholder in step 1030, then process proceeds to step 1050.In step 1050, client obtains the description (i.e. data of description) of fragment, and description can be included in description document, such as, be included in any expansion outside major part.In addition, or as alternative, the description of dynamic fragment can also to be stored in another main frame and remote access.
In step 1060, request fragments, and receive fragment in step 1060.In step 1080, determine that fragment is effective, this can realize based on the signature in the fragment description obtained in step 1050.Be noted herein that step 1080 is optional.Such as, if trust the main frame sending fragment completely, then integrity control can be omitted.Such as, if fragment anyly sharing of corresponding to the advertisement that directly provides of advertisement agency and do not deposit between peers, then this scheme can be adopted.
Process terminates in step 1090 place.
The step 1060 of request fragments can realize by different way.Below 3 kinds of selections are discussed.But should be understood that these selections are only examples, and do not cover all possibilities of request fragments.
Select according to first, the integrality of user rs authentication fragment, if segment invalidity, then obtains fragment from another peer-to-peer or user.This solution provides at client-side and the lower implementation complexity at BitTorrent tracker place.
Second selects to exchange based on group mark (ID).Such as, each user or peer-to-peer can send its group ID in classical message or newtype message.In this manner, peer-to-peer can know that expection receives one group of other peer-to-peer of the personal content of identical type.Therefore, when user needs to obtain personal content (such as advertisement), its peer-to-peer organized can only be used as the source of retrieval personal content.
Select according to the 3rd, the group ID of peer-to-peer known by tracker (as providing the main frame will sharing with it the peer-to-peer of fragment).When the set of user's requesting peer, tracker provides the peer-to-peer of the specific part in himself group to user.These peer-to-peers can have special marking, and user can use this special marking to find peer-to-peer.As alternative, the peer-to-peer that user can find it to organize based on repetition test scheme, this can be similar to the scheme described in above-mentioned first selection.
Figure 12 shows for schematically showing according to the embodiment of the present invention for realizing the flow chart of the process of peer-to-peer and fragment management.
In step 1110, obtain peer list.This peer list comprises peer-to-peer, can from described peer requests individuation content.Such as, client can obtain peer list according to BitTorrent agreement from tracker.
In step 1120, check whether list is empty.If list non-NULL, then process proceeds to step 1130.If list is empty, then method proceeds to step 1210.
In step 1130, from list, select peer-to-peer, be labeled as " peer-to-peer X ".
In step 1140, from selected peer requests fragment.If receive fragment from selected peer-to-peer, then in step 1150, check that whether fragment is effective.If do not imitated, then in step 1170, from list, remove selected peer-to-peer.If determine that fragment is effective in step 1150, then process can terminate in step 1160.
After step 1170 removes selected peer-to-peer from list, process continues by repeating step 1120, to determine whether list is empty.
After step 1120 determines that list is sky, ask new peer-to-peer set in step 1210.
In step 1220, receive the list with new peer-to-peer set.
In step 1230, check whether user knows the peer-to-peer belonging to himself group, namely expection receives the peer-to-peer of the personal content of identical type.If do not known, then method returns step 1120.
If determine that user knows the peer-to-peer belonging to this group, then method proceeds to step 120, from list, wherein remove the peer-to-peer not belonging to this group.After remove the peer-to-peer not belonging to this group from list, method returns step 1120.
Can see, the process (can be used as a part for the process of Figure 11 to retrieve individuation data slot) shown in Figure 12 allows efficiently to manage peer group, wherein attempts from described peer-to-peer retrieval individuation data slot.
The foregoing describe the design allowing data entity individuation to be sent to different recipient, such as the different advertisements for different people or crowd are included in content of multimedia, or comprise different advertisement in different time points, and do not affect and can share and the distribution of the main contents only once stored.Such as, this may be used for by using individuation advertisement instead of providing " BitTorrent amusement net " (wherein user must pay by film) from the payment of user alternative.In addition, these designs may be used for the alternate ways providing the distribution services data communication that (such as Hulu) will use, such as, by using the data communication of P2P type instead of pure flow transmission.In addition, these designs also allow the efficient individuation of the data communication based on flow transmission.Particularly, can realize individualized when not changing description document, this permission sends description document in multicast or broadcast channel.In addition, in some scenes, above-mentioned design also contributes to obtaining the better control to the use that recipient internally holds.Such as, BitTorrent agreement or another P2P agreement can be used, the multimedia file with advertisement is transmitted in a monoblock, this makes to point to playlist to compare for the scheme of content with the separate file of advertising segment, is more difficult to distort this content (such as skip advertisements).In addition, these designs provide the possibility being carried out commercialization P2P network by targeted advertisements.
Should be understood that above-mentioned explanation expection provides the better understanding to these designs, and can various amendment be carried out.Such as, except the example of above-mentioned BitTorrent agreement and HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol, can combine with dissimilar communication protocol and use these to conceive.In addition, these designs can be applied to various uses.Such as, except distributing multimedia contents, these designs can be applied to individuation mode distributing software.
The identifier of placeholder version can be used as totally quoting various types of individuation content, quoting sometimes also as the fragment to main contents.In addition, the identifier of placeholder version can be used as quoting the identical contents fragment of all expection recipients, but different from the fragment of main contents.Such as, in BitTorrent scene, wherein the fragment of main contents has identical characteristics (such as size), and the identifier of placeholder version may be used for quoting the fragment with different qualities.An example of this use uses the identifier of placeholder version as quoting another torrent file.But use placeholder version identifier as to all recipients public be different from one or more fragments of " classics " fragment this example quoted or other examples in, the data of description relevant to these fragments can be placed in the message part of torrent file, which improve robustness.
In addition, these designs can be applied in various types of communication network, comprise mobile communications network, wireline communication network, the communication network based on internet or the communication network based on Intranet.In addition, there is the various possibility of the function for realizing equipment described herein and assembly.Such as, the software that these functions can be performed by processor or specialized hardware at least partly realizes.

Claims (25)

1. based on description document (100), data entity (200) is sent at least the first recipient and a second recipient's method,
Wherein, description document (100) comprises the identifier with the corresponding data fragment (210) of data entity (200) with at least one direct type of one-one relationship,
Wherein, described method comprises:
The identifier of placeholder version is added into description document (100), the identifier of described placeholder version is associated with the data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220);
The described description document of the identifier of identifier and at least one the direct type comprising described placeholder version is provided to the first recipient and the second recipient;
The individuation data slot (220) of the first kind is provided for the first recipient, and the individuation data slot (220) of Second Type is provided for the second recipient, the individuation data slot (220) of the described first kind and Second Type has different content;
The data of description (120) of the first kind of the individuation data slot (220) quoting the first kind is provided for the first recipient, there is provided the data of description (120) of the Second Type of the individuation data slot (220) quoting Second Type for the second recipient, the data of description (120) of the first kind is different from the data of description (120) of Second Type.
2. method according to claim 1, comprising:
Data (120) are provided a description at least partially in description document (100).
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, comprising:
Data (120) are provided a description discretely at least partially with description document (100).
4. method according to claim 1 and 2,
Wherein, by data of description (120) is stored in predefine position, data of description (120) is associated with the identifier of placeholder version.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2,
Wherein, the identifier of at least one direct type described comprises the signature of associated data fragment (210), and the identifier of described placeholder version comprises pseudo-signature, and
The data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) comprises the signature of individuation data slot (220).
6. method according to claim 5,
Wherein, description document (100) is the torrent file according to BitTorrent agreement.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2,
Wherein, the identifier of at least one direct type described comprises the transfer source identifier of associated data fragment (210), and the identifier of described placeholder version comprises pseudo-transfer source identifier, and
The data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) comprises the transfer source identifier of individuation data slot (220).
8. method according to claim 7,
Wherein, description document (100) is the playlist according to HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol.
9. based on description document (100), data entity (200) is sent at least the first recipient and a second recipient's method,
Wherein, description document (100) comprises the identifier of the identifier with the corresponding data fragment (210) of data entity (200) with at least one direct type of one-one relationship and the placeholder version be associated with the data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220)
Wherein, described method comprises:
Described description document is provided to the first recipient and the second recipient;
The individuation data slot (220) of the first kind is provided for the first recipient, and the individuation data slot (220) of Second Type is provided for the second recipient, the individuation data slot (220) of the described first kind and Second Type has different content
The data of description (120) of the first kind of the individuation data slot (220) quoting the first kind is provided for the first recipient, and
There is provided the data of description (120) of the Second Type of the individuation data slot (220) quoting Second Type for the second recipient, the data of description (120) of the first kind is different from the data of description (120) of Second Type.
10. method according to claim 9, comprising:
Data (120) are provided a description at least partially in description document (100).
11. methods according to claim 9 or 10, comprising:
Data (120) are provided a description discretely at least partially with description document (100).
12. methods according to claim 9 or 10,
Wherein, by data of description (120) is stored in predefine position, data of description (120) is associated with the identifier of placeholder version.
13. methods according to claim 9 or 10,
Wherein, the identifier of at least one direct type described comprises the signature of associated data fragment (210), and the identifier of described placeholder version comprises pseudo-signature, and
The data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) comprises the signature of individuation data slot (220).
14. methods according to claim 13,
Wherein, description document (100) is the torrent file according to BitTorrent agreement.
15. methods according to claim 9 or 10,
Wherein, the identifier of at least one direct type described comprises the transfer source identifier of associated data fragment (210), and the identifier of described placeholder version comprises pseudo-transfer source identifier, and
The data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) comprises the transfer source identifier of individuation data slot (220).
16. methods according to claim 15,
Wherein, description document (100) is the playlist according to HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol.
17. 1 kinds are carried out the method for transmitted data entity (200) based on description document (100),
Wherein, described description document (100) comprises at least one identifier, described identifier has the direct type of one-one relationship with the corresponding data fragment (210) of data entity (200), or the placeholder version to be associated with the data of description (120) of one of the individuation data slot of the individuation data slot and Second Type of quoting the first kind (220), the first recipient for data entity (200) provides the individuation data slot (220) of the first kind, and the individuation data slot (220) of Second Type is provided for the second recipient of data entity (200), the individuation data slot (220) of the described first kind and Second Type has different content, described description document is provided to the first recipient and the second recipient,
Wherein, described method comprises:
If identifier is placeholder version, then retrieve the data of description that is associated (120) of individuation data slot (220); And the individuation data slot (220) of type that the data of description retrieved (120) is quoted.
18. methods according to claim 17, comprising:
If identifier is direct type, then retrieve associated data fragment (210) based on identifier.
19. methods according to claim 18,
Wherein, the identifier of direct type comprises the signature of associated data fragment (210); And
The identifier of placeholder version comprises pseudo-signature, and
The data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) comprises the signature of individuation data slot (220).
20. methods according to claim 19,
Wherein, description document (100) is the torrent file according to BitTorrent agreement.
21. methods according to claim 18,
Wherein, the identifier of direct type comprises the transfer source identifier of associated data fragment (210), and the identifier of placeholder version comprises pseudo-transfer source identifier, and
The data of description (120) of individuation data slot (220) comprises the transfer source identifier of individuation data slot (220).
22. methods according to claim 17 or 18,
Wherein, description document (100) is the playlist according to HTTP live TV stream host-host protocol.
23. 1 kinds, based on the network equipment of the individuation data communication of description document, comprising:
Individuation logical block (414), the method be configured to according to any one of claim 1 to 16 operates.
24. network equipments according to claim 23,
Wherein, the described network equipment comprises: description document generator (530; 630), be configured to produce description document (100).
25. 1 kinds, based on the receiving equipment of the individuation data communication of description document, comprising:
Placeholder logical block (456), is configured to operate according to claim 17 to the method according to any one of 22.
CN201080053559.0A 2009-11-25 2010-02-05 Based on individuation data communications method and the equipment of description document Active CN102630378B (en)

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