CN102620612B - Underground mine medium-length hole blasting method - Google Patents
Underground mine medium-length hole blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102620612B CN102620612B CN201210100923.5A CN201210100923A CN102620612B CN 102620612 B CN102620612 B CN 102620612B CN 201210100923 A CN201210100923 A CN 201210100923A CN 102620612 B CN102620612 B CN 102620612B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a deep hole blasting method in an underground mine, relates to the technical field of mining, and aims to solve the problems that the damage to a spare mining amount blast hole can be reduced, and the block rate can be reduced. The underground mine medium-length hole blasting method comprises the following steps: according to the pre-designed dosage, filling explosives into the medium-length holes of at least one row of fan-shaped holes or/and vertical holes, and filling detonators into the corresponding medium-length holes according to the set detonator numbers; and networking the detonators, and detonating the blast holes one by one in each row of deep holes at the bottom of the hole at a time interval of 1-5ms/m according to the hole bottom distance. The invention is suitable for mining underground mines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mining technique field, particularly relate to a kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting method.
Background technology
Developed ore reserve, prepared ore reserve and blocked-out ore reserve that underground mines divides according to mining engineering degree of readiness, be called explored ore reserve, blocked-out ore reserve 0.5 to 2 year in advance usually, has fulfiled perforation work ahead of schedule before explosion, implements charge explosion and fall ore deposit during explosion in tunnel.
The bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method that underground mines adopts, there are foundation sublevel caving, natural caving method usually all to adopt fan shaped medium length hole explosion to fall ore deposit, also can adopt vertical long hole explosion.
Existing fan shaped medium length hole explosion short-delay blasting between the row of enforcement usually, for the fan shaped medium length hole then explosion simultaneously of same row.The concussion of blasting that the explosion simultaneously of the fan shaped medium length hole of same row produces is excessive, easily causes the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole, as caused rock falls in the dislocation in big gun hole and hole, blocking big gun hole etc.And the demolition effect of the fan shaped medium length hole of same row explosion is simultaneously poor, boulder yield is higher, and ore grinding cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting method, can alleviate the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole, can reduce boulder yield again, demolition effect is better.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting method, comprising:
According to designing dose in advance, explosive is loaded at least one row's scallop hole or/and upright opening medium-length hole in, and detonator is configured priming bomb or primary explosive column and loads corresponding medium-length hole by the detonator numbering of setting;
Described detonator is networked, to the hole of big gun one by one of often arranging in medium-length hole, according to bottom hole pitch, according to 1-5ms/m time design hole between explosion interval time, carry out hole-bottom blast.
Further, the holes in the middle of first row medium-length hole was detonated according to the interval time of 1-3ms, progressively expanded successively to both sides, and the mode forming opening with second row or rear big gun hole of arranging is detonated successively, and is evenly staggered the time of detonating simultaneously.
Wherein, the bottom hole pitch of described fan shaped medium length hole or upright opening pitch-row are 1.0m to 3.2m.
Wherein, the blasthole diameter of described medium-length hole is 60-100mm.
Wherein, the blast hole depth 6m to 45m of the medium-length hole often arranged.
Further, the ore caving interval in described Underground medium-length hole blasting method is 1.5-3.2m.
Wherein, described detonator is digital electric detonator.
Further, between the described design of the time according to 1-5ms/m hole, Initiation time interval comprises: get the small value when rock Polodyakonov coefficient coefficient is greater than 8, take large values when being less than 8, be take large values, get the small value during to be broken for object to reduce for the purpose of vibrations harm.During many Hole placing blast, the delay blasting time between row is every meter of array pitch 8-50ms, is designated as 8-50ms/m, preferred 15-30ms/m, gets the small value when row is less than or equals 2 row, and row takes large values more than during 2 row, get the small value near between the row on the scope of freedom, take large values between the row away from the scope of freedom.Preferably, when loaded length in hole is greater than 10 meters, in-built two digital electric detonators in hole detonate simultaneously, and first is contained at the bottom of hole, second position being contained in 2/to three/3rds of grain length.
A kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting method provided by the invention, to the hole of big gun one by one of often arranging in medium-length hole, according to bottom hole pitch, according to 1-5ms/m time design hole between explosion interval time, carry out hole-bottom blast, greatly can either alleviate every explosive broken concussion of blasting produced, alleviate the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole, the ore body that after making again, the blasting energy in a big gun hole is dished out to its last shot hole blasting in time produces further broken and progradation, and reduce boulder yield, demolition effect is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is shot hole blasting sequential schematic in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be in Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 2 of the present invention big gun hole firing order and the time interval schematic diagram is set;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 be in Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 3 of the present invention big gun hole firing order and the time interval schematic diagram is set;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 be in Underground medium-length hole blasting embodiment of the method 4 of the present invention big gun hole firing order and the time interval schematic diagram is set.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting of embodiment of the present invention method is described in detail.Should be clear and definite, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 1, a kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting of the present embodiment method, comprises step:
S10, according to designing dose in advance, explosive to be loaded at least one row's fan shaped medium length hole, and detonator is configured priming bomb or primary explosive column loads corresponding fan shaped medium length hole by the detonator numbering of setting.Described medium-length hole can be on to, lower to or the fan shaped medium length hole of level or vertical deep hole.Medium-length hole described in the present embodiment is fan shaped medium length hole, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and described medium-length hole also can be vertical deep hole.
S11, described detonator to be networked, to the hole of big gun one by one of often arranging in fan shaped medium length hole, according to bottom hole pitch, is designated as 1-5ms/m according to every meter of bottom hole pitch 1-5ms() time design hole between explosion interval time, carry out hole-bottom blast.Shown in Fig. 4, bottom hole pitch wherein refers to the vertical range h to an adjacent blast hole at the bottom of the hole in a big gun hole.
Between the described hole according to 1-5ms/m, Initiation time interval comprises: getting the small value when rock Polodyakonov coefficient coefficient is greater than 8, as got 1-2ms/m, taking large values when being less than 8, as got 3-5ms/m, being take large values, getting the small value during to be broken for object to reduce for the purpose of vibrations harm.
During many Hole placing blast, the delay blasting time between row is every meter of array pitch 8-50ms, is designated as 8-50ms/m, preferred 15-30ms/m, gets the small value when row is less than or equals 2 row, and row takes large values more than during 2 row, get the small value near between the row on the scope of freedom, take large values between the row away from the scope of freedom.
Underground fan shaped medium length hole provided by the invention blasting method, to the hole of big gun one by one of often arranging in fan shaped medium length hole, according to bottom hole pitch, according to the time interval of 1-5ms/m, carry out hole-bottom blast, greatly can either alleviate every explosive broken concussion of blasting produced, alleviate the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole, the ore body that after making again, the blasting energy in a big gun hole is dished out to its last shot hole blasting in time produces the further broken effect with advancing, and reduce boulder yield, demolition effect is better.The present embodiment by good crushing effect with preferably between hole defer time be effectively combined, good demolition effect can be obtained.
Before step S10, the embodiment of the present invention also comprises the step of carrying out Underground fan shaped medium length hole explosion design, and this step comprises:
S101, according to the existing perforating apparatus in mine, determine ore caving interval, bottom hole pitch, hole depth, aperture backfill length, explosive specific charge, single orifice explosive payload.Ore caving interval wherein refers to the distance between two rows.
Blasthole diameter as fan shaped medium length hole can be 60-100mm, preferred 76-90mm, ore caving interval can be 1.5-3.2 rice, preferred 1.5-2.2 rice, bottom hole pitch can be 1.8 to 3.2 meters, preferred 1.8-2.2 rice, and the big gun number of perforations of often arranging can be 9-17 big gun hole, as selected 11-15, the degree of depth be 6 meters to 45 meters not etc.
S102, determine detonator hole-bottom blast, be steel for shot figure, according to steel for shot figure, carry out blasting network design.
Defer time between same hole of arranging shape medium-length hole is determined, unified implementation hole-bottom blast according to the condition of lithology,
According to bottom hole pitch, according to the principle of 1-5ms/m, set the defer time of every hole detonator in same row's shape medium-length hole, as bottom hole pitch 2 meters can interval 2-10ms between selecting hole.
The selection of explosion row: when adopting bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method, explosion row can be 1-2 row, its
Its mining methods can be detonated for many rounds.In one embodiment, by the holes in the middle of first row according to more close interval time, as interval 1-3ms detonates, progressively expand successively to both sides, the mode forming opening with second row or rear big gun hole of arranging is detonated successively, and is evenly staggered the time of detonating simultaneously, accomplishes single hole Dan Xiang.
Fig. 2 is shot hole blasting sequential schematic in one embodiment of the invention.Shown in Fig. 2, wherein, the firing order of blast hole is 11,9,7,5,3,1,2,4,6,8,10 by sequence number, is spaced apart 1-3ms wherein between big gun hole 1 and 2.Detonate according to said sequence, the defer time of design is 21,17,13,9,5,1,3,7,11,15,19.
Because the scale of fan shaped medium length hole explosion onepull is smaller, the total extension for 1000ms thus can be selected
Digital electric detonator product, substantially meet need of production.The digital electric detonator product of 4000ms is selected when multiple nugget extensive; When detonating in multiple stage casing simultaneously, the digital electric detonator product of the 16000ms of long delay can be selected, equally according to designing the interval time of Delay between holes.
When loaded length in hole is greater than 10 meters, in-built two digital electric detonators in hole detonate simultaneously, and first is contained at the bottom of hole, second position being contained in 2/to three/3rds of grain length.
S103, design carry out blasting simulation test after terminating, and confirm that design is no problem, construct according to the requirement program organization of digital electric detonator.
As far as possible controlled blasting vibration frequency is at more than 40HZ, within that is Delay between holes being adjusted to 25ms interval time; Carry out on-the-spot explosion bulge test contrast, statistical results, prove the validity of defer time, carry out economical comparision; On the basis of contrast, carry out Optimization of spacing pattern parameters.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is described for the explosion of single medium-length hole.
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting of the present embodiment method, comprises step:
S20, according to designing dose in advance, explosive is loaded upper to, or/and lower to, or/and in a row 15 fan shaped medium length holes of level, and digital electric detonator is loaded the fan shaped medium length hole of correspondence by the detonator numbering of setting; Wherein the blasthole diameter of each fan shaped medium length hole can be 80mm, and bottom hole pitch is designed to 2 meters, and blast hole depth is 6-30 rice.
S21, set the burst time interval in each big gun hole by described digital electric detonator.
According to bottom hole pitch, according to the time interval of 5ms/m, from the big gun hole of centre, left-right asymmetry cumulative.Namely in the middle of, the burst time in first big gun hole is 10ms, and the burst time of left side adjacent shot hole is 20ms, and the right adjacent burst time according to big gun hole is 30ms, adds up, until the 15th hole is terminated by 10 milliseconds successively in left and right.
S22, by the networking of described detonator electronics, according to the burst time interval of described setting, hole-bottom blast is carried out to the hole of big gun one by one in described fan shaped medium length hole.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is described for the explosion of double medium-length hole.
Shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the blasting method of a kind of Underground fan shaped medium length hole of the present embodiment, comprises step:
S30, according to designing dose in advance, explosive is loaded upper to, or/and level, or/and lower to two row's fan shaped medium length holes in, and digital electric detonator is loaded the fan shaped medium length hole of correspondence by the detonator numbering of setting; The quantity of wherein often arranging fan shaped medium length hole is 15, and the blasthole diameter of each fan shaped medium length hole can be 76mm, and blast hole depth is 6-40 rice, and the bottom hole pitch with row's fan shaped medium length hole is designed to 1.8 meters, ore caving interval 2.1 meters.
S31, set the burst time interval in each big gun hole by described digital electric detonator.
First row is according to the time interval of 3ms/m, from the big gun hole of centre, left-right asymmetry cumulative.Namely in the middle of first row, the burst time in first big gun hole is 5ms, and the burst time of left side adjacent shot hole is 10ms, and the right adjacent burst time according to big gun hole is 15ms, adds up, until the 15th big gun hole is terminated by 5 milliseconds successively in left and right.
Second row is according to the time interval of 4ms/m, from the big gun hole of centre, left-right asymmetry cumulative.Namely in the middle of second row, the burst time in first big gun hole is 17ms, and the burst time of left side adjacent shot hole is 24ms, and the right adjacent burst time according to big gun hole is 31ms, adds up, until the 15th big gun hole is terminated by 7 milliseconds successively in left and right.
The defer time in first hole, big gun hole of a rear row is greater than the defer time in last file leader two big gun holes, and between a later round, the minimum multiple of defer time gets the time in first hole.
S32, described electric detonator to be networked, according to the burst time interval of described setting, hole-bottom blast is carried out to the hole of big gun one by one in described fan shaped medium length hole.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment is described for the explosion of arranging medium-length hole more.
Shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, a kind of Underground medium-length hole blasting of the present embodiment method, comprises step:
S40, according to designing dose in advance, explosive is loaded upper to, or/and level, or/and lower to eight row's fan shaped medium length holes in, and digital electric detonator is loaded the fan shaped medium length hole of correspondence by the detonator numbering of setting.
Wherein the quantity of odd number row fan shaped medium length hole is 10, and the quantity of even rows fan shaped medium length hole is 9, and the blasthole diameter of each fan shaped medium length hole can be 90mm, and blast hole depth is 6-30 rice, and the bottom hole pitch with row's fan shaped medium length hole is designed to 2 meters, and ore caving interval designs 2 meters.
The time delay of the numeral detonator at big gun aperture place in Fig. 8, unit is millisecond (ms).
The time delay that in the present embodiment, detonate in big gun hole is arranged according to following rule:
Start to select 1ms to start according to 1 of first row, second big gun hole 3ms, 1 of second row selects 16ms to start, 3rd row's 1 selects 36ms to start, 4th row's 1 selects 66ms to start, 5th row's 1 selects 106ms to start, 6th row's 1 selects 166ms to start, 7th row's 1 selects 246ms to start, 8th row's 1 selects 346ms to start, then between each artillery salvo hole, one to three row is according to the left-right asymmetry setting-up time in the interval of the right and left 7ms, and four to eight rows are according to the left-right asymmetry setting-up time interval time of the right and left 10ms.
S41, by the networking of described detonator electronics, according to the burst time interval of described setting, hole-bottom blast is carried out to the hole of big gun one by one in described fan shaped medium length hole.
Holes in the present embodiment in the middle of first row fan shaped medium length hole was detonated according to more close interval time, progressively expanded successively to both sides, and the mode forming opening with second row or rear big gun hole of arranging is detonated successively, and is evenly staggered the time of detonating simultaneously.
The blasting method of the above embodiment of the present invention Underground fan shaped medium length hole, to the hole of big gun one by one of often arranging in fan shaped medium length hole, according to bottom hole pitch, according to the time interval of 1-5ms/m, according to the time interval of ore caving interval according to 8-50ms/m, carry out hole-bottom blast, greatly can either alleviate every explosive broken concussion of blasting produced, alleviate the destruction to blocked-out ore reserve big gun hole, the ore body that after making again, the blasting energy in a big gun hole is dished out to its last shot hole blasting in time produces further broken and progradation, can reduce boulder yield, demolition effect is better.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (11)
1. a Underground medium-length hole blasting method, is characterized in that, comprising:
According to designing dose in advance, explosive is loaded at least one row's scallop hole or/and upright opening medium-length hole in, and detonator be equipped with priming bomb or primary explosive column by the detonator numbering of setting load corresponding medium-length hole;
Described detonator is networked, to the hole of big gun one by one of often arranging in medium-length hole, according to bottom hole pitch, according to 1-5ms/m time design hole between explosion interval time, carry out hole-bottom blast; Bottom hole pitch wherein refers to the vertical range h to an adjacent blast hole at the bottom of the hole in a big gun hole; Described detonator is digital electric detonator.
2. Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Holes in the middle of first row medium-length hole was detonated according to the interval time of 1-3ms, progressively expanded successively to both sides, and the mode forming opening with second row or rear big gun hole of arranging is detonated successively, and is evenly staggered the time of detonating simultaneously.
3. Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom hole pitch of described medium-length hole is 1.0m to 3.2m.
4. Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the blasthole diameter of described medium-length hole is 60-100mm.
5. the Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, the blast hole depth 6m to 45m of the medium-length hole often arranged.
6. the Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, the ore caving interval in described Underground medium-length hole blasting method is 1.5-3.2m.
7. Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Between the described design of the time according to 1-5ms/m hole, explosion comprises interval time:
Rock Polodyakonov coefficient coefficient gets the small value when being greater than 8, takes large values when being less than 8, takes large values, get the small value during to be broken for object during to reduce for the purpose of vibrations harm;
During many Hole placing blast, the delay blasting time between row is 8-50ms/m; Get the small value when wherein row is less than or equals 2 row, row takes large values more than during 2 row, gets the small value, take large values between the row away from the scope of freedom near between the row on the scope of freedom.
8. the Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, during many Hole placing blast, the delay blasting time between row is 8-50ms/m.
9. Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when loaded length in hole is greater than 10 meters, in-built two digital electric detonators in hole detonate simultaneously, first is contained at the bottom of hole, second position being contained in 2/to three/3rds of grain length.
10. Underground medium-length hole blasting method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, during many Hole placing blast, the delay blasting time between row is 15-30ms/m.
11. Underground medium-length hole blasting methods according to claim 8, is characterized in that, during many Hole placing blast, the delay blasting time between row is 15-30ms/m.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104154830B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-04-27 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Medium-length hole blasting method for underground mining |
| CN107391837B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-08-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of aperture charge constitution parameter optimization method of fanhole(s) |
| CN108413822B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-12-06 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Upward fan-shaped medium-length hole damping blasting method |
| CN112361906A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-12 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Medium-length hole V-shaped detonation method suitable for underground sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method |
| CN112683119A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 莱芜莱新铁矿有限责任公司 | Electronic detonator underground blasting construction method |
| CN113154976A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-07-23 | 安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司 | Novel fan-shaped deep hole distribution method for mining blasting |
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