CN102608148A - Method for measuring storage temperature range of grapes - Google Patents
Method for measuring storage temperature range of grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102608148A CN102608148A CN2012101002274A CN201210100227A CN102608148A CN 102608148 A CN102608148 A CN 102608148A CN 2012101002274 A CN2012101002274 A CN 2012101002274A CN 201210100227 A CN201210100227 A CN 201210100227A CN 102608148 A CN102608148 A CN 102608148A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring a storage temperature range of grapes. The method comprises buying superior-grade grapes, selecting, sorting, and determining a geometric center of the grapes; marking a temperature testing thermocouple; arranging the thermocouple at the geometric center; connecting the thermocouple Fluke-NetDAQ32 data acquisition instrument with a computer; powering on the computer and the data acquisition Fluke-NetDAQ32; putting the grapes fixed with the thermocouple in a refrigerating chamber of a refrigerator; recording the temperature change every 0.5-1s; drawing a temperature dropping curve according to the acquired temperature data so as to determine an ice point and an overcooling point; and finally determining the overcooling storage of the grapes within the temperature between the ice point and the overcooling point. The testing method has the beneficial effects of being simple, convenient and rapid to operate and high in accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gentle preservation by partial of the ice field of fruit, relate in particular to the gentle preservation by partial of ice of grape, is a kind of assay method of grape reserve temperature.
Background technology
Key in technical field herein and describe paragraph.Grape (grapes), Vitis (Vitis) defoliation liana slaps lobately, and 3-5 lacks and to split, and compound raceme is conical usually, and it is circular or oval mostly berry is, and color and luster is different with kind.The mankind just begin to cultivate this planting fruit-trees a long time ago, almost account for 1/4th of whole world fruits output; Its nutritive value is very high, can be made into grape juice, raisins and grape wine.Grain is big, skin depth, juice are few, high-quality, skin and flesh are difficultly separated, the vitis vinifera of storage tolerance is called grape again.
At present domestic majority fruit adopts the method for preservation by low temperature, and abroad ice-temperature technique coverage rate is very wide in agricultural product.The ice temperature is meant 0 ℃ with down to the temperature province between the grape chill point (freezing point), also cries " ice temperate zone ", and the preservation technique of storage fruit is called ice temperature fresh-keeping in the scope in ice temperate zone.The freezing point of biological tissue all is lower than 0 ℃; When temperature is in when above freezing; Be dissolved with compositions such as a lot of carbohydrates, amino acid, inorganic salts, soluble protein in the biological cell; And the various natural macromolecular materials in the cell exist with the space reticulate texture, make moving between the hydrone receive certain obstruction to a certain extent and produce and freeze Avoidance Phenomenon, thereby cell liquid and pure water there are differences.Therefore, fruit still can keep cytoactive in the ice temperate zone, and its respiratory metabolism is suppressed, aging rate also slows down.Utilize ice-temperature technique storage to preserve fruit, fruit on time and freshness, prolong more than the twice than the stored refrigerated more than 0 ℃, for example utilize technique of refrigeration, the length of pears can only be about fresh-keeping 1 week, and ice temperature state is next can be fresh-keeping more than 200 days.Fruit in order to prevent to be freezed to death, is constantly secreted the cause that a large amount of non freezing solutions has reduced freezing point in body near freezing point temperature.The principal ingredient of this non freezing solution is glucose, amino acid, aspartic acid etc., and these compositions in fact also are the compositions that increases food taste.Therefore the quality of ice temperature fresh-keeping fruit is superior to the fruit quality of general refrigeration.Little freeze techniques is a new technology that grows up recent years.Little freeze techniques both had been different from cryogenic freezing, also was different from the refrigeration of ice temperature, and it is marginal a kind of new technological means.Adopt the biological derived food of this technological preservation, promptly do not destroy the structure of cell tissue, can make cell tissue be in a kind of dormant state again.Advantages such as it avoids cryogenic freezing to destroy the shortcoming of cell tissue structure, and this technology has long fresh-keeping period, and is pollution-free, safe and practical, easy and simple to handle, with low cost.Yet, realize the gentle little storage of freezing of ice, must control temperature well, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature otherwise be easy to generate fruit.Therefore at first must accurately measure the freezing point and the undercooling point temperature of fruit, just might accurately hold the gentle little control temperature of freezing preservation of ice.
Present domestic existing freezing point of food material determination techniques; Mainly comprise thermometry, freezing point apparatus method etc.; But these two kinds of methods all have certain limitation; The former freezing point temperature is difficult to hold, and it is many that the latter is mainly used in the liquid measure of industrial circle, is mainly used in the freezing test of milk-like liquid at foodstuff.The measurement of present little congealing point is also seldom mentioned in document.
For fruit; The fruit freezing test method of document record at present is known cryosel water-bath assay method; The freezing point that this method is measured is the freezing point temperature of fruit juice after fruit is squeezed the juice; Have certain difference with the freezing point temperature of fruit, the living tissue freezing point temperature of fruit is lower than the freezing point temperature of its juice usually, and therefore there is certain measuring errors in traditional cryosel immersion method.
Summary of the invention
Only can measure the problem of the fruit juice freezing point after fruit is squeezed the juice for solving traditional cryosel immersion method, the invention provides a kind of simple, fast, the method for sensitive determination grape freezing point and undercooling point.
Concrete technology of the present invention is:
1. open refrigerator, temperature stabilization a certain temperature or quick freezing temperature-35 ~-32 ℃ in storage temperature-18 ~-15 ℃;
2. purchasing the grape that meets the top grade standard from market is experimental raw;
3. the grape of buying is divided into 3 ~ 5 groups according to size, 5 ~ 9 every group;
4. T type thermopair, data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computing machine are linked in sequence; Its characteristic is that the signal input port of T type thermopair and data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 is connected, and the signal output port of Fluke-NetDAQ32 links to each other with the network interface of computing machine through netting twine;
5. every group is taken out 1 grape, measures the geometric center of grape respectively;
6. use sterilization and cooled pin to insert, be positioned at geometric center, then the probe of T type thermopair is inserted the geometric center of the grape of location from the grape top;
7. just grape is placed on the ice-making tray that refrigerator uses one by one, and blended rubber cloth fixes each thermopair;
8. open computing machine and data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32, temperature variation of per 0.5 ~ 1s record;
The ice-making tray that 9. will arrange grape is positioned in the freezer compartment of refrigerator, has closed chamber door;
10. when the computing machine temperature displayed all arrives-15 ~-10 ℃ of left and right sides, close data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32, low-temperature test chamber and computer-controlled program, the data that derive are depicted as temperature variation curve;
According to painting temperature lowering curve, confirm the freezing point and the undercooling point of each grape;
According to step sequence of operation 4.～9., measure the freezing point of all grapes and undercooling point one by one;
Confirm the freezing point and ice temperate zone of grape according to the method for mathematics; Undercooling point and little temperature range of freezing.
The key points for operation of this assay method are following:
1. material is prepared: so-called top grade standard, and promptly completely filled fruit is fresh, and lovely luster, has no mechanical damage at degree of ripeness unanimity, no disease and pest, and nothing is mildew and rot, no freeze injury;
2. thermopair is demarcated: before the mensuration, earlier T type thermopair is put into cryostat, use the standard mercury thermometer to demarcate;
3. cooling is freezed: the temperature of low temperature environment should be lower than the chill point temperature of grape; Therefore; The temperature of refrigerator is generally selected-18 ~-15 ℃; But can suitably raise or reduce temperature according to different needs, can use the quick freezing temperature-34 ℃ of refrigerator, so that capture the temperature jump point faster and better;
4. data recording: general grape volume is less, and cooling is very fast, is easier to just arrive zone of maximum ice crystal formation in the short time.Therefore; Need in real time temperature to be monitored, the data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 that this method adopts can set minute at interval, and this assay method is whenever at a distance from temperature variation of 0.5 ~ 1s record; When the computing machine temperature displayed all arrives-15 ~-10 ℃, can finish to measure;
5. data analysis: the temperature data of computer recording is imported in the Excel form, and with the time (s) be horizontal ordinate, temperature (℃) be ordinate, make curve map;
6. sample freezing point and undercooling point are confirmed: the catastrophe point among the figure in the temperature variation curve, confirm the freezing point and the undercooling point of grape;
7. confirm between grape freezing point and ice warm area: all grape freezing test data; Be depicted as curve; According to curve rejecting abnormalities point, utilize the arithmetic mean method to try to achieve the freezing point of grape remaining data then, 0 ℃ of temperature range to freezing point is between the ice warm area;
8. grape undercooling point and little interval of freezing are confirmed: with all grape undercooling point determination datas; Be depicted as curve; According to curve rejecting abnormalities point, utilize the arithmetic mean method to try to achieve the undercooling point of grape remaining data then, the temperature range of freezing point to undercooling point is little temperature range of freezing;
Concrete operation steps is:
1. open refrigerator, temperature stabilization a certain temperature or quick freezing temperature-35 ~-32 ℃ in storage temperature-18 ~-15 ℃;
2. purchase completely filled fruit from market, fresh, lovely luster, has no mechanical damage at degree of ripeness unanimity, no disease and pest, does not have and goes rotten, and the grape of no freeze injury is as experimental raw;
3. grape is divided into 5 ~ 7 groups according to size, 7 ~ 9 every group;
4. before measuring, earlier T type thermopair is put into low temperature thermostat bath and demarcate, use the national secondary mercury thermometer to demarcate thermopair;
5. thermopair, data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computing machine are linked in sequence;
6. every group is taken out 1 grape, uses vernier caliper and tape to measure the geometric center of grape respectively;
7. use sterilization and cooled pin to insert, be positioned at geometric center, then the probe of T type thermopair is inserted the geometric center of the grape of location from the grape top;
8. just grape is placed on the ice-making tray that refrigerator uses one by one, and blended rubber cloth fixes each thermopair;
9. open computing machine and data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32, the beginning temperature data acquisition;
The ice-making tray that 10. will arrange grape is positioned in the freezer compartment of refrigerator, has closed chamber door;
When the computing machine temperature displayed all arrives-15 ~-10 ℃, close data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computer-controlled program, take out ice-making tray;
The data of gathering are depicted as temperature lowering curve,, confirm the freezing point and the undercooling point of grape according to painting temperature lowering curve;
Accomplish the freezing point of every group of grape and the mensuration of undercooling point temperature in order successively.
Specific embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the content of invention, the present invention is set forth below in conjunction with embodiment.
1. open refrigerator, temperature stabilization is at-18 ℃;
2. purchase completely filled fruit from market, fresh, lovely luster, has no mechanical damage at degree of ripeness unanimity, no disease and pest, does not have and goes rotten, and the grape of no freeze injury is an experimental raw;
3. grape is divided into 6 groups according to size, 9 every group;
4. before measuring, earlier T type thermopair is put into low temperature thermostat bath and demarcate, use the national secondary mercury thermometer to demarcate thermopair, temperature calibration scope-20 ~ 20 ℃;
5. thermopair, data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computing machine are linked in sequence;
6. every group is taken out 1 grape, uses vernier caliper and tape to measure the geometric center of grape respectively;
7. use sterilization and cooled pin to insert, be positioned at geometric center, then the probe of T type thermopair is inserted the geometric center of the grape of location from the grape top;
8. just grape is placed on the ice-making tray that refrigerator uses one by one, and blended rubber cloth fixes each thermopair;
9. open computing machine and data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32, the beginning temperature data acquisition;
The ice-making tray that 10. will arrange grape is positioned in the freezer compartment of refrigerator, has closed chamber door;
When the computing machine temperature displayed all arrives-5 ℃, close data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computer-controlled program, take out ice-making tray;
The data of gathering are depicted as temperature lowering curve,, confirm the freezing point and the undercooling point of grape according to painting temperature lowering curve.
With all grape temperature-fall period determination datas; Be depicted as curve; According to curve rejecting abnormalities point; Utilize the arithmetic mean method to try to achieve the freezing point and the undercooling point of grape remaining data then, 0 ℃ of temperature range to undercooling point is between the ice warm area, and the temperature range of freezing point to undercooling point is little temperature range of freezing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, not only simple to operate, and can use refrigerator accurately to measure the freezing point and the undercooling point temperature of grape; Data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 can connect tens of thermopairs; Can measure the freezing point and the undercooling point temperature of the parallel appearance of dozens of simultaneously; Improve determination efficiency, and the sensitivity of thermopair is high, can collect the trickle variation of temperature in the temperature-fall period; Can set simultaneously minute as required at interval, convenient and swift.
Claims (9)
1. the assay method of a grape reserve temperature scope is characterized in that concrete steps are following:
Open refrigerator, temperature stabilization a certain temperature or quick freezing temperature-35 ~-32 ℃ in storage temperature-18 ~-15 ℃;
Purchase completely filled fruit from market, fresh, lovely luster, has no mechanical damage at degree of ripeness unanimity, no disease and pest, does not have and goes rotten, and the grape of no freeze injury is as experimental raw;
Grape is divided into 5 ~ 7 groups according to size, 7 ~ 9 every group;
Before the mensuration, earlier T type thermopair is put into low temperature thermostat bath and demarcate, use the national secondary mercury thermometer to demarcate thermopair;
Thermopair, data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computing machine are linked in sequence;
Every group is taken out 1 grape, uses vernier caliper and tape to measure the geometric center of grape respectively;
Use sterilization and cooled pin to insert, be positioned at geometric center, then the probe of T type thermopair is inserted the geometric center of the grape of location from the grape top;
Just grape is placed on the ice-making tray that refrigerator uses one by one, and blended rubber cloth fixes each thermopair;
Open computing machine and data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32, the beginning temperature data acquisition;
The ice-making tray that arranges grape is positioned in the freezer compartment of refrigerator, has closed chamber door;
When the computing machine temperature displayed all arrives-15 ~-10 ℃, close data collecting instrument Fluke-NetDAQ32 and computer-controlled program, take out ice-making tray;
The data of gathering are depicted as temperature lowering curve,, confirm the freezing point and the undercooling point of grape according to painting temperature lowering curve;
Accomplish the freezing point of every group of grape and the mensuration of undercooling point temperature in order successively.
2. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: thermopair calibration range-20 ~ 20 ℃.
3. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the input end of said data collecting instrument links to each other with T type thermopair, and output terminal links to each other with computing machine through netting twine.
4. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature stabilization of refrigerator is at-18 ℃.
5. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature stabilization of refrigerator is at-34 ℃.
6. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: through data acquisition time interval time be 0.5 ~ 1s.
7. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: through data acquisition time interval time be 1s.
8. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: grape is divided into 6 groups according to size, 9 every group.
9. the assay method of a kind of grape reserve temperature scope as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: with all grape temperature-fall period determination datas; Be depicted as curve,, utilize the arithmetic mean method to try to achieve the freezing point and the undercooling point of grape remaining data then according to curve rejecting abnormalities point; 0 ℃ of temperature range to undercooling point is between the ice warm area, and the temperature range of freezing point to undercooling point is little temperature range of freezing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101002274A CN102608148A (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2012-04-09 | Method for measuring storage temperature range of grapes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012101002274A CN102608148A (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2012-04-09 | Method for measuring storage temperature range of grapes |
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| CN102608148A true CN102608148A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112923651A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Food preservation control method and device and refrigerator |
| CN112923650A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Food preservation control method and device and refrigerator |
| CN116294415A (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-06-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigerator control method and device and refrigerator |
-
2012
- 2012-04-09 CN CN2012101002274A patent/CN102608148A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112923651A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Food preservation control method and device and refrigerator |
| CN112923650A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Food preservation control method and device and refrigerator |
| CN116294415A (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-06-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigerator control method and device and refrigerator |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |