CN102605333B - Preparation method for tantalum oxide film with high laser damage threshold under high-temperature environment - Google Patents

Preparation method for tantalum oxide film with high laser damage threshold under high-temperature environment Download PDF

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CN102605333B
CN102605333B CN2012100849264A CN201210084926A CN102605333B CN 102605333 B CN102605333 B CN 102605333B CN 2012100849264 A CN2012100849264 A CN 2012100849264A CN 201210084926 A CN201210084926 A CN 201210084926A CN 102605333 B CN102605333 B CN 102605333B
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film
laser
preparation
damage threshold
tantalum oxide
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CN102605333A (en
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许程
杨帅
马浩
王吉飞
郭立童
张含卓
尹诗斌
李大伟
强颖怀
刘炯天
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method for a tantalum oxide film with a high laser damage threshold under a high-temperature environment and belongs to the preparation method for an optical film. The preparation method comprises the following steps: plating a tantalum oxide film on a clean substrate according to a double ion beam sputtering method; performing post-processing on a prepared film in laser pre-processing and annealing manner, thereby achieving better functions of repairing film defect and relieving film stress; and preparing a laser film capable of being applied to high-temperature environment. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that: 1) the film prepared according to the double ion beam sputtering method is compact, the characteristic of easiness in moisture absorption of a loosened film prepared according to an electronic beam preparation method is improved, and the stability is better; 2) the laser pre-processing and annealing combined method is adopted, thereby overcoming the limitation caused by traditionally adopting a single method, and being beneficial to greatly increasing the threshold; and 3) the film prepared according to the method can be used under a high-temperature environment with the highest temperature at 350 DEG C, and the problem of the prior art that only the laser film used under room temperature can be prepared is solved.

Description

The preparation method who has the high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films under hot environment
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation method of optical thin film, be specifically related to have under a kind of hot environment the preparation method of high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films.
Background technology
The foundation of high-power laser system and the proposition of laser fusion, proposed more and more harsher requirement to the optical thin film performance, particularly requires it to have superpower resisting laser damage ability.The research emphasis of damage threshold mainly concentrates on film characteristics and laser parameter for many years, has studied base reservoir temperature, oxygen partial pressure and sedimentation rate in the electron beam evaporation process to Ta as people such as Milam 2O 5/ SiO 2The impact of anti-reflection film damage threshold (Applied Optics, 1982,21,3689~3694.), the people such as Abromavicius have studied sedimentation rate in the ion beam assisted depositing method, base reservoir temperature and ion beam current energy to Ta 2O 5/ SiO 2Impact (the Proc.SPIE of high-reflecting film threshold value, 2007,6403,640315), the people such as horse equality people and Riede have studied the damage from laser of dissimilar film in the vacuum (light laser and particle beam, 2009,21,1829~1832), the people such as Shen Jun zirconium dioxide film (CN15553220A) that adopts sol-gel method to prepare to have high laser damage threshold.But the laser deflection Value Data in these researchs is all measured at normal temperatures.
Along with the expansion of laser Application Areas, temperature factor is more and more outstanding on the impact of laser damage in thin films.Under the background developed rapidly in current space technology, the space laser device just needs to consider the impact of temperature, because in space, the direct sunlight surface temperature can rise to 250 ℃; And Laser lithography expection of future generation breaks through 20 nano-photoetching nodes, thin-film component wherein need to bear the high temperature of hundreds of degree for a long time.In these cases, the conventional laser film used under normal temperature condition just is difficult to be suitable for.Be applied to up to now under hot environment have the correlative study of high laser damage threshold film there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide the preparation method who has the high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films under a kind of hot environment, solves the problem that the laser film element can not bear the high temperature of hundreds of degree for a long time.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of tantalum oxide films of high laser damage threshold, its concrete steps are:
One, substrate is soaked in scavenging solution, ultrasonic cleaning 5~30min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up;
Two, the High-purity Tantalum target of employing 99.999%, with double ion beam sputtered method plated film in the substrate of above-mentioned processing; The base vacuum degree is 5 * 10 -4~1 * 10 -5Pa, storing temperature are 60~150 ℃, and it is 1 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2~1 * 10 -1Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 5~90mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 0.5~30mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.1~1, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then start to be coated with film;
Three, coated film is carried out to laser pre-treated, the focal beam spot diameter is 50~900 μ m, and pretreated energy size is determined according to the laser damage threshold of film under normal temperature.Wherein under normal temperature, the laser damage threshold testing method of film is as follows: choosing energy density is the laser irradiation testing sample of 1~50J/cm2, in the mode of 1-on-1, measure 10 points, draw the probability of damage, then change its energy density, obtain the damage probability under the different-energy density laser, choose 10 energy probability, namely measure altogether 10 * 10 points; By computer, the laser energy density at every turn acted on sample is carried out to Real-time Collection, then according at the damage probability of each energy density section, the laser energy density the when method by the mapping linear fit draws the zero probability damage is the Immediate damage threshold value of laser irradiation sample under normal temperature; Adopt the step type pretreatment mode, detailed process is: to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from the normal temperature laser damage threshold 30%, then increase by 10% at every turn, step type is energization gradually, until increase to 80%, stop, then start the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always;
Four, pretreated tantalum-oxide film is carried out to anneal in atmosphere, annealing temperature is 200~400 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 0.01~20 ℃/min, and soaking time is 1~50h.
Described substrate is BK7 glass or quartz.
Described scavenging solution is any in sherwood oil, acetone or alcohol, or wherein any two kinds of described sherwood oil, acetone and ethanol, with the mixture of arbitrary volume ratio.
Described annealing atmosphere be oxygen, nitrogen, argon gas or airborne any.
Beneficial effect, owing to having adopted such scheme, used the tantalum oxide with high crystal phase transition temperature as Coating Materials, utilizes the high-temperature resistance of tantalum oxide material, is conducive to improve the damage threshold of the film of preparation.The post-treating method that has adopted simultaneously laser pre-treated and annealing to combine, can better repair the gentle degrading film stress of film defects, thereby improved the laser damage threshold under the hot environment, solve the problem that the laser film element can not bear the high temperature of hundreds of degree for a long time, reached purpose of the present invention.
The present invention has advantages of following:
1, the present invention adopts double ion beam sputtered method, the film of preparation is dense, has improved the characteristics that electron beam such as prepares at the easy moisture absorption of loose film prepared by method, has better stability.
2, the method that has adopted laser pre-treated and annealing to combine in the present invention, improved a limitation by a kind of method in the past, is conducive to promote to a greater extent threshold value.
3, the film for preparing of the method can be used under the hot environment of the highest 350 ℃, has solved the problem that conventional art can only prepare the laser film used under normal temperature.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: the BK7 substrate of glass is soaked in sherwood oil, and ultrasonic cleaning 15min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up.Adopt double ion beam sputtered method to be coated with tantalum-oxide film in the BK7 substrate of cleaning, the base vacuum degree is 2 * 10 -4Pa, storing temperature are 80 ℃, and it is 5 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 15mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 5mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.5, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then are coated with film.The tantalum oxide films prepared is carried out to the standard damage threshold test under normal temperature, mode with 1-on-1, according to the ISO11254-1 standard, the energy density while usining zero damage probability is as the laser damage threshold of film, and the threshold value under the 1064nm laser recorded is 18J/cm 2.The above-mentioned threshold value recorded of take is standard, and tantalum oxide films is carried out to laser pre-treated, and optical maser wavelength 1064nm, focal beam spot diameter are 200 μ m, adopts the step type pretreatment mode, to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from 5.4J/cm 2Start, then press 1.8J/cm 2The step energization, until increase to 14.4J/cm 2Stop, then starting the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always.Tantalum-oxide film after laser pre-treated is carried out to anneal in air, annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 5 ℃/min, and soaking time is 10h.
The laser damage threshold test of film under hot environment carried out on self-built high-temperature laser damage threshold test platform: 350 ℃ of design temperatures, the employing wavelength is that the electric-optically Q-switched single-mode laser of Nd:YAG of 1064nm is measured the laser damage threshold of film, the light beam vertical incidence, repetition rate 1Hz, pulse width 12 ns, the sample surfaces spot size is 0.467mm.Laser is spaced apart 1.5mm at the irradiation of sample surfaces, adopts the mode of 1-on-1 to test, and measures altogether 10 * 10 points.In experiment, by online microscope judgment means, degree of impairment is carried out to Real-Time Monitoring, the laser energy at every turn acted on sample is carried out to Real-time Collection by computer, then according at the damage probability of each energy section, the laser damage threshold of film when the method by the mapping linear fit draws the zero probability damage.
Test result shows, at the temperature of 350 ℃, the damage threshold of film under 1064nm laser is 11J/cm 2.
Embodiment 2: quartz substrate is soaked in the mixed solution of sherwood oil and acetone, both volume ratios are 1:1, and ultrasonic cleaning 20min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up.Adopt double ion beam sputtered method to be coated with tantalum-oxide film on the quartz substrate of cleaning, the base vacuum degree is 2.4 * 10 -4Pa, storing temperature are 120 ℃, and it is 8 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 20mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 4mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.4, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then are coated with film.The tantalum oxide films prepared is carried out to the standard damage threshold test under normal temperature, mode with 1-on-1, according to the ISO11254-1 standard, the energy density while usining zero damage probability is as the laser damage threshold of film, and the threshold value under the 1064nm laser recorded is 20J/cm 2.The above-mentioned threshold value recorded of take is standard, and tantalum oxide films is carried out to laser pre-treated, and optical maser wavelength 1064nm, focal beam spot diameter are 180 μ m, adopts the step type pretreatment mode, to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from 6J/cm 2Start, then press 2J/cm 2The step energization, until increase to 16J/cm 2Stop, then starting the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always.Tantalum-oxide film after laser pre-treated is carried out to anneal in air, annealing temperature is 400 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 2 ℃/min, and soaking time is 12h.Test result shows, at the temperature of 300 ℃, the damage threshold of film under 1064nm laser is 15J/cm 2.
Embodiment 3: quartz substrate is soaked in the mixed solution of acetone and ethanol, both volume ratios are 8:1, and ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up.Adopt double ion beam sputtered method to be coated with tantalum-oxide film on the quartz substrate of cleaning, the base vacuum degree is 1 * 10 -5Pa, storing temperature are 150 ℃, and it is 6 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 80mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 25mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.1, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then are coated with film.The tantalum oxide films prepared is carried out to the standard damage threshold test under normal temperature, mode with 1-on-1, according to the ISO11254-1 standard, the energy density while usining zero damage probability is as the laser damage threshold of film, and the threshold value under the 532nm laser recorded is 10J/cm 2.The above-mentioned threshold value recorded of take is standard, and tantalum oxide films is carried out to laser pre-treated, and optical maser wavelength 532nm, focal beam spot diameter are 800 μ m, adopts the step type pretreatment mode, to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from 3J/cm 2Start, then press 1J/cm 2The step energization, until increase to 8J/cm 2Stop, then starting the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always.Tantalum-oxide film after laser pre-treated is carried out to anneal in air, annealing temperature is 250 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 20 ℃/min, and soaking time is 12h.Test result shows, at the temperature of 250 ℃, the damage threshold of film under 532nm laser is 8J/cm 2.
Embodiment 4: the BK7 substrate of glass is soaked in ethanol, and ultrasonic cleaning 5min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up.Adopt double ion beam sputtered method to be coated with tantalum-oxide film in the BK7 substrate of cleaning, the base vacuum degree is 5 * 10 -4Pa, storing temperature are 60 ℃, and it is 5 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 10mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 15mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.6, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then are coated with tantalum oxide films.On coated tantalum oxide films, be coated with the layer of silicon dioxide film, then alternately be coated with for 10 cycles, the film of preparation is 99% at the reflectivity of 1064nm.The film prepared is carried out to the standard damage threshold test under normal temperature, and in the mode of 1-on-1, according to the ISO11254-1 standard, the energy density while usining zero damage probability is as the laser damage threshold of film, and the threshold value under the 1064nm laser recorded is 35J/cm 2.The above-mentioned threshold value recorded of take is standard, and tantalum oxide films is carried out to laser pre-treated, and optical maser wavelength 1064nm, focal beam spot diameter are 300 μ m, adopts the step type pretreatment mode, to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from 10.5J/cm 2Start, then press 3.5J/cm 2The step energization, until increase to 28J/cm 2Stop, then starting the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always.Tantalum-oxide film after laser pre-treated is carried out to anneal in air, annealing temperature is 200 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 0.01 ℃/min, and soaking time is 6h.Test result shows, at the temperature of 200 ℃, the damage threshold of film under 1064nm laser is 24J/cm 2.
Embodiment 5: quartz substrate is soaked in acetone, and ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up.Adopt double ion beam sputtered method to be coated with tantalum-oxide film on the quartz substrate of cleaning, the base vacuum degree is 6 * 10 -4Pa, storing temperature are 110 ℃, and it is 3.2 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 16mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 3mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.4, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then are coated with tantalum oxide films.On coated tantalum oxide films, being coated with certain thickness silicon-dioxide, to make the film of preparation be 98% in the transmitance of 1064nm.The film prepared is carried out to the standard damage threshold test under normal temperature, and in the mode of 1-on-1, according to the ISO11254-1 standard, the energy density while usining zero damage probability is as the laser damage threshold of film, and the threshold value under the 1064nm laser recorded is 22J/cm 2.The above-mentioned threshold value recorded of take is standard, and tantalum oxide films is carried out to laser pre-treated, and optical maser wavelength 1064nm, focal beam spot diameter are 350 μ m, adopts the step type pretreatment mode, to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from 6.6J/cm 2Start, then press 2.2J/cm 2The step energization, until increase to 17.6J/cm 2Stop, then starting the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always.Tantalum-oxide film after laser pre-treated is carried out to anneal in air, annealing temperature is 220 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 0.01 ℃/min, and soaking time is 10h.Test result shows, at the temperature of 220 ℃, the damage threshold of film under 1064nm laser is 17J/cm 2.

Claims (4)

1. under a hot environment, have the preparation method of high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films, it is characterized in that: its concrete steps are:
One, substrate is soaked in scavenging solution, ultrasonic cleaning 5~30min, then rinse well with deionized water, finally with high pure nitrogen, dries up;
Two, the High-purity Tantalum target of employing 99.999%, with double ion beam sputtered method plated film in the substrate of above-mentioned processing; The base vacuum degree is 5 * 10 -4~1 * 10 -5Pa, storing temperature are 60~150 ℃, and it is 1 * 10 that oxygenation is pressed -2~1 * 10 -1Pa, the argon flow amount of sputtering source are 5~90mL/min, and the argon flow amount of radio frequency neutralizer is 0.5~30mL/min, and the argon gas of second source and the throughput ratio of oxygen are 0.1~1, first the tantalum target are carried out to the 5min cleaning before sputter, then start to be coated with film;
Three, coated film is carried out to laser pre-treated, the focal beam spot diameter is 50~900 μ m, and pretreated energy size is determined according to the laser damage threshold of film under normal temperature;
Wherein under normal temperature, the laser damage threshold testing method of film is as follows: choosing energy density is the laser irradiation testing sample of 1~50J/cm2, in the mode of 1-on-1, measure 10 points, draw the probability of damage, then change its energy density, obtain the damage probability under the different-energy density laser, choose 10 energy probability, namely measure altogether 10 * 10 points; By computer, the laser energy density at every turn acted on sample is carried out to Real-time Collection, then according at the damage probability of each energy density section, the laser energy density the when method by the mapping linear fit draws the zero probability damage is the Immediate damage threshold value of laser irradiation sample under normal temperature; Adopt the step type pretreatment mode, detailed process is: to the pre-treatment energy of every of film surface from the normal temperature laser damage threshold 30%, then increase by 10% at every turn, step type is energization gradually, until increase to 80%, stop, then start the pre-treatment of next point, film surface is all handled always;
Four, pretreated tantalum-oxide film is carried out to anneal in atmosphere, annealing temperature is 200~400 ℃, and temperature rise rate is 0.01~20 ℃/min, and soaking time is 1~50h.
2. under hot environment according to claim 1, have the preparation method of high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films, it is characterized in that: described substrate is BK7 glass or quartz.
3. under hot environment according to claim 1, has the preparation method of high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films, it is characterized in that: described scavenging solution is any in sherwood oil, acetone or alcohol, or wherein any two kinds of described sherwood oil, acetone and ethanol, with the mixture of arbitrary volume ratio.
4. under hot environment according to claim 1, have the preparation method of high laser damage threshold tantalum oxide films, it is characterized in that: described annealing atmosphere be oxygen, nitrogen, argon gas or airborne any.
CN2012100849264A 2012-03-28 2012-03-28 Preparation method for tantalum oxide film with high laser damage threshold under high-temperature environment Expired - Fee Related CN102605333B (en)

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