CN102591125A - Multiple source high performance stereographic projection system - Google Patents

Abstract

Multiple source high performance stereographic projection systems are described. One projection system described comprises a first projection channel, a first light source capable of providing light for the first projection channel, and a second light source capable of providing light for the first projection channel, wherein when the projection system is in a first presentation mode the first and second light sources are on, and wherein when the projection system is in a second presentation mode the first light source is on and the second light source is at a reduced power.

Description

Multiple source high performance stereographic projection system

Related application

The application be international filing date be May 5, international application no in 2005 be PCT/US2005/015856, on November 6th, 2006 get into the China national stage, Chinese application number is 200580014473.6, denomination of invention is divided an application for the patented claim of " multiple source high performance stereographic projection system ".

It is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 60/568th of " Multiple Source High Performance Stereographic Projection System " that the application requires in the title that on May 5th, 2004 submitted to; No. 364 right of priority, its full content is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

Technical field

Generally speaking, the present invention relates to a kind of optical projection system, more specifically, relate to a kind of multiple source high performance stereographic projection system.

Background technology

Since nineteen seventies, big form 2D and 3D motion-picture projection immerse theater experience for spectators provide, and have set up shadow casting technique well.Big form (70mm) commercial exhibition person benefits from the ability that is represented two dimension (" 2D ") and three-dimensional (" 3D ") film by identical optical projection system.This has increased his/her gain on investments.If optical projection system all can be moved effectively under 2D and 3D operator scheme, the operator can be benefited so.

Between standard 35mm and big form 70mm projector equipment, there is technical difference.The size of the big film frame (film frame) that is provided by the 70mm/15perf form has caused all these difference.The size of big form film frame approximately is ten times of standard 35mm film frame size.Thus, about nearly all aspect of system of big form flass generally all than its standard 35mm film frame more greatly, faster or more powerful.The qualification characteristic of big format technology is required powerful illuminator, the 70mm wide film that moves with illumination level.

Illuminator in the optical projection system is the key factor in this system cost of operation.Arc lamp has limited serviceable life (1000 hours), therefore must monitor arc lamp constantly, and when it no longer meets performance requirement, periodically replace.The replacement of lamp is the task of a potential danger, need carry out careful calibration process by trained individual.

The electric energy that high power lamp consumption is very a large amount of, and the heat of generation huge amount.Heat is discharged and is discharged to outdoor usually from projection chamber, so air-conditioning must enough make little projecting chamber refrigeration.This has just produced the cost of use that increases to the exhibitor.In the projection process, closing lamp is not a frequent feasible selection to practice thrift cost.The standard high energy arc lamp generally can not be extinguished and restarted, and (each lamp is opened 1.5 to 2.5 hour life-span of loss) just can not cause damage to the serviceable life of arc lamp.

For the 3D projection, more than the requirement of illumination system possibly double.Under the certain situation of two passages, the corresponding passage of each eye physically separates but synchronous projector projection simultaneously from two, and wherein, each projector all has the plateholder of oneself.Each passage can be different polarization carry out polarization, and two polarizations are orthogonal.In other situation, single channel is used for each eye of projection sequentially.Through single channel 3D projector, projector can have the polarizer that can exchange each eye or for the active LCD glass that is used by the image synchronization of projection.The polarization of illumination causes comparing with the 2D Projection Display that does not have polarization and surpasses 50% light loss, and screen intensity need remain unchanged simultaneously.Use activity glass also to cause the light loss of comparing with the 2D projection.This causes between 3D and 2D demonstration, and there is marked difference in screen intensity.The standard arc lamp is worked (with the serviceable life of guard lamp) under near the state of its output power in full only, and therefore, in existing system, the power of regulating lamp is not feasible selection with the 2D of compensation variation and the power requirement of 3D.

For the 2D projection of long duration load, exist extra light invalid.Being presented between two different spool unit of these long duration loads of requirement for restriction to the physical size of the spool unit that holds film separated.A passage through system is play the first that shows, converts into then through second channel and plays the decline that shows.Light relevant unfavorable result with lamp and cause usually that the upper and lower aisle light of needs is held open in whole procedure for displaying.

Big film format not only requires stronger illuminator, also requires to transmit than the big a lot of required homogeneity of film frame of 70mm form and the illuminator of stability.The be above standard requirement of 35mm system of the performance requirement of big panel lighting system.

Some traditional optical projection systems are used a plurality of lamps.For example, United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 916 has disclosed the optical projection system of light source side by side that has with the 3D that can be used for big form film and 2D projection for No. 485.Though this optical projection system is used two lamps, has only a lamp for each passage, and the advantage of standard stereo projection system is not provided.Particularly, do not have the lighting level between balance 2D and the 3D operational mode, and do not have the method for the remarkable loss of luminous efficiency.

United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 914 has disclosed for No. 645 and to be used for many lamps unit of using with the mode of photograph projector.' 645 patents provide single lamp projector, and it has and a plurality ofly is installed in " backup " lamp on the rotatable rotating disk continuous lamp being moved into the working position, thus when it lost efficacy the automatic lamp of replacing.In No. the 2003/0128427th, U.S. Patent application, disclosed the system that is used to use dual-projection appearance lamp.It uses two light sources and polarization optics device, between a light source and another one light source, to select, uses a light source at every turn.United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 545 has disclosed the prism structure that is used to use be integrated on the integrated bar for No. 814 and has combined a plurality of methods that are used for the arc lamp source of electronic projection apparatus.

U.S. Patent application has disclosed the two projector lamp illuminators with wide spectrum light source and narrow spectrum light source for No. 2002/0145708.Narrow spectrum light source is LED, and is used to supply the frequency spectrum of wide spectrum light source, and wherein, the wide spectrum light source has the not enough shortcoming of spectral energy.United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 997 has disclosed many radiatoies illumination engines for No. 150, and it has the holographic diffuser of electrostatic printer application-specific and is used for penetrating spatial light modulator with the high-luminance light illumination.At United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 341, disclosed a kind of method that is used for two lamps are incorporated into optical waveguide (light pipe) in 876.' 876 Patent publish be used for the use of the parabolic mirror of arc lamp.' 876 Patent publish the output in two lamp sources is incorporated into the method for the optical waveguide with two right-angle prisms.

United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 504 has disclosed for No. 544 and to be used to using a series of Fresnel to collect and concentrating element combines the method for a plurality of lamps.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 372 has disclosed single lamp projector No. 656, and it can be used for 3D projector and 2D projection through introducing polarising means.

These existing optical projection systems do not disclose the balance of lighting level between 3D and the 2D operational mode of optical projection system, do not propose yet these optical projection systems 2D and 3D operation efficiency optimization and reduce the method for operating cost.

The time stability of light output is important optical projection system characteristic in the frequency range on the responsive frequency range of human visual system.Flicker and flash of light are to susceptibility and the coefficient product of light output stability by the frequency decision by human eye.Flicker is the overall situation fluctuation (global fluctuation) of screen lighting level.Flicker appears when the total light flux from projector output changes in time.Flash of light is the space wave of screen regional.When observing flash of light, illuminance changes on screen partly, and regardless of the constant total light flux from projector output.Therefore, on the screen in zone the minimizing of illuminance through the increase compensation of other places illuminance on the screen.

Unsettled arc lamp of the time that causes has proposed specific challenge for the arclighting system based on optical projection system.These instability can show as the flicker and the flash of light of projected image.People's perception is especially responsive to these fluctuations, and the time fluctuation that people can pick out is little of one of two percentages.This has proposed than the more strict requirement of the inhomogeneity requirement of whole screen static illumination with regard to the illumination system.For the demonstration that do not detract, flash of light and flicker remain under the human detection threshold.

The arc lamp instability can be caused by the position of electric arc in lamp housing and the modulation of shape.These modulation cause the space of illumination sign and angle to change.Along with illumination sign is propagated through disorderly (turbulence) zone, the disorder in the shell causes other local angle deviating illumination.The time angular modulation of this lamp illumination is converted into the angle and the space wave of irradiance pattern appearance in optical system position subsequently, it is perceived as flash of light or flicker by spectators again.

Along with the increase of lamp power and reducing of size thereof, the instable magnitude of time of arc lamp becomes more violent.Also know stability the wearing out and variation of arc lamp along with lamp.In order to satisfy the lighting requirement of giant-screen, high-power lamp is used.In order to satisfy the demand of compact optical projection system, exist to make the as far as possible little requirement of lamp.In the compact type large power lamp housing more the convection current of high-magnitude cause more substantial time instability.

The arc lamp output pulsation is the problem of generally acknowledging, and several kinds of instances that relate to the conventional solution of its minimizing are arranged.These schemes relate generally to revise or control the power supply characteristic that drives lamp, for example, and United States Patent (USP) the 6th; 525, No. 491, United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 479; No. the 6th, 239,556, No. 946 and United States Patent (USP); Perhaps revise the composition in the lamp housing, for example No. 05151932, Japanese patent application 02-01-01 01035447 and Japanese patent application 00-77-76.

The optical devices that reduce flash of light are also used by some traditional schemes.Japanese patent application 03-01-00 has disclosed a plurality of separations " half-mirror (half mirror) " for No. 00066135, so that the light beats that is caused by flash of light flattens.In Japanese patent application 00-95-7656149180 number, the photochromics device uses with feedback circuit, with the transmission (transmission) of control photochromics device.

United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 341 has disclosed the method for the flash of light influence that is used for eliminating optically projected image for No. 876.' 876 Patent publish at the collector lens of optical waveguide input place, have the clearly intention of the image of zone of turbulence in the arc lamp of eliminating optical waveguide output place.

At title " Design Improvement for Motion Picture Film Projectors " (people such as C.L DuMont; SMPTE Journal; Vol.110; No.11,2001) in the paper, the author has introduced the achievement that fly's eye integrator (fly ' s eye integrator) is applied to 35mm motion-picture projection appearance.This paper has been discussed the fly's eye integrator and has been provided for the advantage that reduces the flash of light that the lamp in the projected image causes.Also discussed the use of Cermax enclosed type sealed beam lamp in optical projection system.

U.S. Patent application has disclosed for No. 2003/0142296 and has been used for being positioned at the device that primary mirror mirror assembly is at the back monitored lighting level through using detecting device to add integrated case (integrating box) and adding; Wherein, the reflection of this primary mirror is towards most of the visible light of photoimaging device.This application has disclosed needs 10% to 50% of sampling and the set light through the primary mirror transmission, realizing enough signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s.

United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 818 has disclosed the method for stability in the space distribution that detects arc lamp for No. 575, is particularly useful for the lithographic projection optical device.Pass the field of illumination on conjugation (conjugate) plane of disk (wafer plane) or disk and laterally place at least two detecting devices.Indicate the stability of arc lamp from the ratio of two detecting device outputs.

These reference papers do not disclose the flash of light that caused by lamp in the projected image and the illumination efficiency and the cost efficiency method of flicker of being suppressed at.As stated, owing to use the big wattage lamp of compact, so these modulation possibly be in higher magnitude than common modulation.Though fly's eye and optical waveguide homogenizer have reduced these fluctuations, the restriction of manufacturing approach and efficient consideration makes the unrealistic and inefficiency of sufficient homogenising.

In addition, it is incompatible that the system of typical 70mm form flass of big physical size makes the 35mm projector equipment of itself and standard.Most of arenas place is to design for system of standard 35mm form flass.The arenas operator considers that therefore modern big form flass device is installed must consider to upgrade to change the factor of existing 35mm projecting chamber.This will increase erected cost, upset the arenas operation, and delay erection schedule.These factors possibly all can increase the proprietorial cost of arenas network operator.

Summary of the invention

Embodiments of the invention comprise multiple source high performance stereographic projection system.One embodiment comprises of optical projection system of the present invention: first projected channel; First light source can be provided for the light of first projected channel; And secondary light source, can be provided for the light of first projected channel, wherein; When optical projection system was in second display mode, first and second light sources were opened, and wherein; When optical projection system was in first display mode, first light source was opened, and secondary light source is in the state that reduces power.In one embodiment, first display mode is a two dimensional mode, and second display mode is the 3-D display pattern.In one embodiment, when optical projection system was in two dimensional mode, secondary light source was closed.Each projected channel can be used plural light source.

Optical projection system also can have: second projected channel; The 3rd light source can be provided for the light of second projected channel; And the 4th light source, can be provided for the light of second projected channel, wherein, when optical projection system was in second display mode, third and fourth light source was opened, and wherein, when optical projection system was in first display mode, the 3rd light source and the 4th light source were closed.

In another embodiment, system of the present invention comprises: projected channel; First light source can be provided for the light of projected channel; Secondary light source can be provided for the light of projected channel; Synthesizer is used for the light that is produced by first light source and secondary light source is combined into synthetic light; And the fly's eye integrator, be used for integrated synthetic light.

The exemplary embodiment of here mentioning is not limited to or limits the present invention, just offers help and understands an example of the present invention.In detailed description, exemplary embodiment is discussed, and will provide the present invention further to describe.Can further understand the advantage that provides by each embodiment of the present invention through inspection specification.

Description of drawings

When understanding following detaileds description with reference to accompanying drawing, better understand these and further feature, aspect and advantage of the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 shows the synoptic diagram of exemplary embodiment of the optical system of optical projection system;

Fig. 2 shows according to an embodiment of the invention the combination of the in running order lamp of lamp in more detail;

Fig. 3 shows according to an embodiment of the invention the combination of the in running order lamp of two lamps in more detail;

The light that Fig. 4 shows scioptics array input place according to an embodiment of the invention is distributed in frames images (image gate) and converts uniform hot spot into, and has the method for minimum loss of light;

Fig. 5 shows according to an embodiment of the invention to regulate how to propagate in the angle of king light along and space and passes first lens arra;

Fig. 6 shows and uses the optical fiber integrator to reduce the diffuser of frames images place flash of light according to an embodiment of the invention; And

Fig. 7 shows and uses the optical fiber integrator to reduce the diffuser of film frame place flash of light according to an embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Introduction

Embodiments of the invention comprise multiple source high performance stereographic projection system.The present invention has a plurality of embodiment.Through introducing and instance; One exemplary embodiment of the present invention are for providing a kind of optical projection system; It has each passage and comprises the compact illumination system such as a plurality of light sources of arc lamp; And disclose the light source operation strategy with optimization system efficient, performance and running cost, and be the lighting level that is consistent under two kinds of operator schemes with optical projection system of dual 3D/2D display mode.For example, in one embodiment, stereo projection system has two projected channel, and wherein, each passage uses two light sources.In this embodiment, when two passages all were used, all four light sources can be used for the 3D display mode.In the 2D display mode, when using single channel, do not use in the light source relevant or reduce the output of two light sources with this passage.Optical projection system of the present invention can avoid obtaining, installing and operate the high cost of high resolving power stereo projection system, and the high-resolution 2D of projection shows effectively.Optical projection system of the present invention can be applicable to big and 35mm form film and electronic projection systems.

In one embodiment, optical projection system comprises polarization member, and it can insert and indentation along with the needs of stereoprojection automatically.This system cooperates work mutually with the light source service routine, with the reliability and the quality of optimization system efficient, reduction running cost, simplified system operation and raising demonstration.

In one embodiment, optical projection system is used for eliminating the flash of light by the disorderly caused image in the arc light lamp housing.This introducing through diffuse component solves, and this diffuse component cooperates work mutually with " fly's eye " or optical fiber integrated optical device.Though fly's eye or optical fiber integrated optical device have reduced these fluctuations, the restriction in the manufacturing approach makes integrated unrealistic and inefficiency fully.As mentioned below, in system, add diffuse component, with residual flash of light reduce to significantly be lower than human visual system institute can detected level.Except reducing flash of light, diffusing globe also is used to provide and passes the film frame and throw light on more uniformly.

Others of the present invention relate to the cost and the size of minimizing system.In an embodiment of optical projection system, in system, combine the function of cold mirror and mechanical dowser, thereby reduced number of parts, system dimension and manufacturing cost.In one embodiment, the ease in use and effective method of optical projection system is with the output of the synthetic a plurality of light sources of each passage.

Provide above-mentioned introduction to introduce comprehensive purport of this application to the reader.The present invention never is limited to such purport.Exemplary embodiment is described hereinafter.

Example system is described

Fig. 1 shows the synoptic diagram of exemplary embodiment of the optical system of optical projection system.The embodiment of Fig. 1 shows the system that on screen, generates image through the film that is sent to frames images.The present invention likewise is applicable to the electronic projection apparatus that uses other spatial light modulation technology in frames images, includes but not limited to micro-electromechanical system (MEMS), reflective liquid crystal panel (LCOS) and transmissive type liquid crystal panel or CRT.Fig. 1 shows single channel.In certain embodiments, optical projection system has two optical systems 100 in same housing, with projection 3D content.

Illumination row are made up of two light sources, for example arc lamp assembly 1A, 1B, and each assembly all is integrated with the elliptical reflector (not shown). Lamp 1A, 1B with their light direct irradiation on the plane of incidence of combined prism 2.In one embodiment, prism 2 changes the lighting direction through total internal reflection.Then, get into from the light of two combined prisms 2 and comprise holographic diffuser 3, collimating optics device (collimating optics) 4, lens arra integrated optical device 7A, 7B and relaying (relay) optical device 9.Lens arra plays the fly's eye integrator to 7A, 7B.The entrance pupil of illuminator is positioned at lens arra 7B place.The image that relay optics 9 is used for the amplifying lens array is with abundant irradiation frames images 10 and with the pupil coupling of light and projecting lens 11.The effective subsystem of light will not exist the even light distribution of noticeable lamp flicker and flash of light to project on the frames images.Through being sent to the film (not shown) in the frames images 10, according to the uniform light spots demonstration desired image at frames images 10 places.Then, projecting lens 11 projects on the screen (not shown) through the image polarizer that dismountable polarizer (polarizer) 12 will be presented at frames images 10.The ultraviolet ray filter 6 that is positioned at the lens arra 7A upper reaches suppresses the radiation of destructive shortwave, and stops it to propagate through fly's eye integrator (7A, 7B) and arrive frames images 10.

Mix cold mirror/light barrier 5 and be arranged on the front of lens arra 7A, 7B.Cold mirror/light barrier 5 has two functions: the effect that leaches the infrared component of illumination and play the projector light barrier.When overturning or rotating light path, illumination is sent to optical beam dump (beam dump) 13, and it stops any illumination to leave projector effectively.

8 reflections of second cold mirror are penetrated along the optical axis that is limited projecting lens 11 to the illumination of 7A, 7B ejaculation and with it from lens arra.The effect that it also plays the secondary cold mirror leaches any residual IR radiation that remains in the illumination.Detecting device 14 can be arranged on the back of this mirror, with the monitoring lighting level and such as the time instability of glimmering and glistening.

In one embodiment, enough compactnesses of being designed of illuminator are integrated into two separate channels (for example, independent left eye and right eye passage) in the single-throw shadow system unit relative with the independent projector of each passage allowing.This can simplify the control circuit of optical projection system, reduces the space on required floor in projection room or the Movie House, and reduces the set-up time.

Lamp

Two closed light beam argon arc lamps (1A, 1B) are aimed at the elliptical reflector (not shown) to produce the electric arc focusedimage.In one embodiment, Cermax board closed light beam arc lamp is used as light source.These lamps of being made and sold by perkin elmer are the high-intensity discharge lamps (arc lamp) with quite a few kinds of unique characteristics, use in the illumination system of being mentioned herein to have very big benefit.Although the Cermax lamp receives than foam lamp (bubble lamp) restriction that power is low, a plurality of Cermax lamps that are connected to the effective lighting system can reach identical output power.Also to introduce a plurality of remarkable advantages that are superior to single high power foam lamp design.

The Cermax lamp is compacter than foam lamp, and even a pair of Cermax lamp can have the advantage that is superior to single foam lamp design size.This allows the design of more compact 3D optical projection system.The importance of compact systems is to be installed in the needs of existing 35mm Movie House and can fully to reduce the ability of installation cost projector desired.In addition, be used under the situation of 3D display mode at two passages, the subpoint that less projector allows left image and right image more near, this can be a feature performance benefit.For example, this can allow the better consistance of screen epigraph, and reduces owing to the difference between caused left-eye image of different incidence angles on the high-gain screen and the eye image, and when observing the 3D demonstration, both of these case all can cause less kopiopia.

In addition, compact type lamp allows left passage and right passage to be integrated in the single projector.Though the different left sides of machinery and right optical system can make that the interval between the subpoint is less, whole optical projection system will become more greatly and owing to the higher cost of inventory of different elements makes manufacturing cost costliness more.

The Cermax lamp is made with the integrated reverberator of the arc gap pre-calibration that is limited on negative electrode and anode when making.The external data characteristic helps to aim at accurately between arc lamp and the optical system.The optical extend (etendue) of the light that is sent by the Cermax lamp is less than the part by the optical extend of the film frame (film gate) that each lamp observed.This specific character is used in an embodiment of the present invention in many ways.When for example hereinafter the illuminator of described suitable design combines, the machining tolerance through cheapness can easily satisfy the lamp needs and be positioned to realize the precision of consistent uniform screen brightness.So do not need skilled cinematographer or technician to carry out the calibration of lamp, and this be need to train, skill and patient task.This advantage can reduce the expense of this optical projection system of operation, and guarantees more stable and reliable lighting quality.

Be different from standard arc lamp (in order to realize stable operation and maximum serviceable life, it uses in total power or near under the total power usually), the Cermax lamp can be operated under the scope of the power level of broad.In addition, running Cermax lamp can prolong life-span of lamp significantly under lower-wattage.Different with the foam lamp of standard, the Cermax lamp can extinguish and restart, to the just very little damage of life-span of lamp.The application of the lamp operation strategy through being used to make up the 3D/2D illuminator can utilize these performances to improve system performance significantly.

For the 3D display mode that uses dual channel system, but through each passage of linear polarization polarization.Polarization loss in each passage is generally greater than 50% as a result.Do not need polarizer for the 2D display mode, thus,, can not produce polarization loss yet for the 2D display mode if pull down polarizer.Similarly, if the 3D optical projection system is used activity glass, also can produce the illumination loss.Through optical projection system of the present invention, can use the operating cost of lamp usage policy with this optical projection system of optimization.For the 3D display mode, for each passage in the dual channel system (or the single channel in the single channel system), operate two lamps so that high lighting power to be provided, thereby overcome polarization or other illumination loss, the loss that for example when use sequential 3D, is produced.Two lamps can significantly be lower than on its flat-out level operation with life-saving.The sensor (for example, the detecting device shown in Fig. 1 14) that is connected to feedback or control system can be monitored the output of each lamp.Along with wearing out of lamp, the drive current that increases lamp can compensate reducing of output level.

The electronic projection apparatus of output polarization light (for example, LCOS and LC projector) can be set to show only to compare with 2D and just can present 3D rendering with less luminance loss.In this system, need not overcome polarization loss.Yet, because the afterimage in the 3D demonstration need reduce lighting level.Afterimage is when light gets in the incorrect eye, the dual imaging that the observer saw.In 3D shows, between afterimage of feeling and brightness, there is compromise.Particularly, the afterimage of feeling reduces along with the minimizing of brightness.In this case, expectation is to come operating light with above-mentioned opposite mode.Need more light output for the 2D demonstration, cause needs to open two lamps.Need less light output for the 3D demonstration, make to allow to operate single lamp or two lamps with the power level that reduces.

For the 2D display mode in the dual channel system, only need move in the projected channel.If the selection first passage, its polarizer is cancelled, and the power that can reduce of a lamp in the first passage (for example zero energy, so it extinguishes) moves.Two lamps in the second channel also all extinguish.This makes one in four lamps in this system to be in running status, the electric energy that will be used to throw light on need reduce to the 3D display mode required 25%.In the life-span of projection chamber's heating ventilation and air-conditioning load that the cooling through reducing needs, reduces and the lamp that increases, obtain higher efficient.In order to keep the life-span of the similar lamp of two lamps,, each 2D is used alternatingly this two lamps in showing.Under the malfunctioning situation of lamp, second lamp provides quick backup, thereby backup is provided for operation 2D display mode.Show that for 2D another strategy is to operate two lamps relevant with projected channel simultaneously with the power that significantly reduces (but greater than zero), this can prolong the life-span of each lamp.In one embodiment, in single procedure for displaying, optical projection system can allow the conversion of display mode, for example, and the conversion between two dimensional mode and 3-D display pattern.For example, can 3D be shown before 2D shows and show preview cauda (trailer), and in 3D sequence shown in the 2D procedure for displaying.

Though the Cermax lamp is the light source of this optimum system choosing, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in this system and can use other light source.From a plurality of different selections, use easily the integration module that has with the foam lamp of catoptron pre-calibration.Other selection that also has closed light beam arc lamp.Other lamp (for example, high-pressure sodium lamp and metal halide lamp) with less optical extend also can be applicable among the present invention, to have advantage preferably.

Also can use lamp, its output focused in the combined prism through using lens with parabolic mirror.Though the foregoing description uses two lamps at each passage, optional embodiment can combine plural lamp at each passage.

Combined prism

In one embodiment, the combined prism of each shown in Fig. 12 uses total internal reflection (TIR) to reflex in the common light path with the illumination with lamp.TIR mechanism avoids the use of the reflectance coating that is easy to damage, and the reflection from prism TIR surface 100% is provided.Prism material typical case but be not limited to quartz, its have for from radiation with from parts that prism contacts absorb the higher patience of heat.ARC can be applicable to the incident and the exit facet of prism.Though it will be understood by those skilled in the art that at an embodiment and use prism to be used for lamp combination, also can use the aluminium mirror that comprises polishing and other combined method of dichronic mirror.Those skilled in the art it is also to be understood that, use prism to make up the output of a plurality of lamps as required.For example, a method of three lamps of combination is to separate two prisms 2, and making does not have passing through of skew from the light of the 3rd lamp output between two prisms.

The combination (for schematic purpose, not shown in this Figure light barrier, and the point source of supposition lamp electric arc) of Fig. 2 through show lamp 1A, 1B in further detail from a little selective light among the 1B in two lamps.Notice that lamp focus (lamp focus) 16 is with respect to the light shaft offset of subsequently collimating optics device 4.Orientation about the prism of this optical axis is represented by the Lagrangian that frames images as shown in fig. 1 10 and projecting lens 11 form.The Lagrangian at frames images 10 places can be used for the size of the aperture 15 of definite prism output place, and wherein, light must pass through this system and be projected on the screen.Owing to be connected with the histogram frame of distortionless projecting lens, aperture 15 also is a rectangle usually.In order to make minimization of loss, the side-play amount of lamp focus 16 should be consistent with the length of rectangle aperture 15.Aperture 15 shown in Fig. 2 shows width bigger in the bidimensional of rectangle aperture 15.Can see the half the of whole aperture 15 from the light of each lamp 1A, 1B.Select the side-play amount of lamp focus 16, make illumination profile placed in the middle in employed half aperture of this lamp with respect to optical axis.Along with the increase of aging and lamp focus 16 place's illumination profile sizes of lamp, light output will remain unchanged, up to because the formed border, summit through aperture 15 and the prism 2 nearest apart from lamp focus 16 makes light fuzzy gradually.

Fig. 3 shows the combination (for schematic purpose, light barrier not shown in this Figure, and the point source of supposition lamp electric arc) that has from the lamp of the light of the lamp 1A that opens, 1B.Notice, among two lamp 1A, the 1B each, only calibration of output, but since the lamp focus with respect to the skew of optical axis, thereby output light is with respect to the inclined light shaft certain angle.In this case, in order to revise the characteristic of indirect illumination light beam, prism 2 is with respect to tilting slightly with the perpendicular axle of the plane of reflection.This inclination can help to reduce the keystone distortion at frames images 10 places, and this distortion is caused and is designed to by the image shift amount of electric arc 16 entrance pupil (being positioned at lens arra 7B place) of illumination light and illuminator is complementary, and is used to raise the efficiency.Get into lens arra 7A through optical convergence and upward in the single hot spot this coupling is shown from two lamps.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate collimating optics device 4 as simple lens.Those skilled in the art know, and reduce aberration if desired, can carry out calibration by poly-lens.

Though Fig. 3 illustrates the exemplary embodiment of compact lamp combination, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is interchangeable.For example, if the lamp assembly is processed the calibration output that output that then can be through making lamp makes light beam superpose at the lens arra place to combine lamp with respect to inclined light shaft by parabolic mirror.This method can be shown in the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 such compact, and compare, because the distance between lamp and the lens arra makes that optical extend increases at the lens arra place with these lamps.Optical device can be added in this system to eliminate poor efficiency, still system dimension can be further increased like this.

The light beam integrator

The light that Fig. 4 shows lens arra 7A, 7B input place is distributed in the method that the frames images place converts uniform hot spot to and has minimum loss of light.Two lens arra 7A, 7B can be identical and calibration, make each element and the common optical axis of the use of the counter element on the second array 7B of the array 7A that wins.The aperture of selecting array element is with the geometric configuration of coupling with illuminated frames images 10.Lens arra plays the effect that on frames images 10, produces uniform illumination profile to 7A, 7B and relay optics 9.

Sometimes, these parts that are called the light homogenizer of " fly's eye " function as follows.Two lens arra 7A are separated by the distance institute equal with the focal length of the independent component that is combined into array with 7B virtually.The place, plane of each lens element (or lens combination) of the first lens arra 7A corresponding lens in aperture and among the second lens arra 7B produces light source image.

Then, each element of the second lens arra 7B forms the aperture image of the counter element of the first lens arra 7A.These subimages are projected as infinity through the lens of the second array 7B.Relay optics 9 is as being superimposed upon subimage on the frames images 10 with slight overfill of aperture (overfilling), to allow to be used for the tolerance of optical device and assembly.For the combination of image is shown, Fig. 4 shows the axial ray 17 of the solid line of two chief rays of expression and two certain lenses groups ejaculations from array.22 places that these light are illustrated in frames images 10 overlap each other.Size among Fig. 4 is not represented relativeness.

From the rayed of each lens combination among the lens arra 7A on entire image frame 10.Again with reference to Fig. 3, each lamp 1A, the 1B entire image frame 10 that is used to throw light on.

Optics expansion limit amount by the digital ring regulation optical system of the area of frames images 10 and projecting lens 11.Use the rule of optical extend conservation, select the competitive target of the focal length of relay lens 9 with the balanced system compactedness, the size of restriction lens arra 7A, 7B is made restriction to adapt to, and provides sufficient zone to support the big array of lens.

Operate fly's eye light beam integrator system through a plurality of subimages that superpose at the frames images place, make that illumination profile is the summation (irrelevant) of the illumination profile of first each independent aperture of lens arra 7A.Consistance is the function of array elements number of packages and independent mark.Along with the array element purpose increases, the consistance of the synthetic stack summation of subimage will improve.Can be with the size Selection of separate lenses as the balance between homogenization degree and the system's light efficiency.Littler lens can cause the increase of lower activity coefficient (ratio of lens clear aperature and lens sizes) and scattering, have therefore reduced system effectiveness.This is the result of finite size limited proportionality between lens combination, and by characteristic that manufacturing technology limited.

The factor that has lens density among many restriction lens arra 7A and the 7B.Ratio by the focal length of relay optics 9 and the focal length of lens arra provides the enlargement factor of output lens array 7A than the plane of delineation 10.As stated, the focal length of relay optics is confirmed the size that array is total.Along with lens in the array become more little, because littler focal length must be noted to guarantee that the final radius-of-curvature of lens combination remains in the manufacturing tolerance restriction of molding of optical elements.In addition, should be appreciated that in order to keep two relative calibrations between the array, littler lens combination will require better side and running accuracy, therefore increased manufacturing expense.

For exemplary purpose, drawn out as individual component in the relay optics 9 shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the relay optics that satisfies above-mentioned requirements can comprise that a plurality of lens are to reduce aberration.Those skilled in the art it is also to be understood that, use the design that will influence relay optics 9 in the modulator type at frames images place.For example, include but not limited to that MEMS, LCOS and transmissive type liquid crystal panel spatial light modulator need the synthetic again optical element of color separation and color, it needs the focal length and heart requirement far away of relay optics design again.

In one embodiment, the combination optical propagation that synthesizes the light source in a passage is less than the optical extend that is limited the plane of delineation.This has just guaranteed that second lens arra keeps the state that does not fill up, and is not easy to receive the accurate mechanical location of light source and the influence of related tolerance in the manufacturing of integrated optical source and mirror assembly.Then, lamp can be replaced and need not realize the calibration of optimum performance.The characteristic that comprises the DC arc lamp of CERMAX lamp is negative electrode burn-back (burn back) along with the aging of lamp.This has increased electrode separation, causes the increase of optical extend.Suppose the synthesizing optical propagation less than the optical extend with rear optical system, then light output remains unchanged along with the use of lamp.

Flash of light and holographic diffuser

Arc lamp stands the lasting spatial modulation of arc position usually in the arc light lamp housing.This modulation is caused by the gas disorder in the arc light lamp housing.In addition, along with wearing out of lamp, electrode can wear and tear or have indenture usually, causes the fluctuation of electric arc tie point.Further modulated by the fluctuation by the density decision of gas in the lamp housing from the synthetic light of arc lamp output.The modulation of arc position combines with density fluctuation in the gas and causes the modulation from the angular intensity distribution of catoptron.This makes winner (primary) lamp focus 16 all modulated on space and angle.

How angle and spatial modulation that Fig. 5 shows king light focus 16 places transmit through the first lens arra 7A.Collimation lens 4 is used for the angular modulation at prime focus 16 places is converted into the spatial modulation of the first lens arra 7A.Similarly, the spatial modulation at focus 16 places converts the angular modulation at the first lens arra 7A place into.

If one of them is by the optical extend of light source restriction, first sequential effects of the lens arra 7A place angular modulation light that can modulate the appearance of the second lens arra 7B place is crossed dress (over fill) so.The loss that this has introduced in system by the time decision causes the flicker at frames images place.The close-loop feedback mechanism of standard can be used to eliminate this overall situation (global) modulation.For example, monitoring can be sent the Current Control that signal carries out lamp from the detecting device of the light of projector output, to reduce overall situation modulation.

In one embodiment; Synthesizing optical propagation at light source is less than under the situation of the optical extend that is limited frames images and projecting lens; Because the second lens arra 7B underfill is not so the angular modulation at lens arra place influences the stability of frames images 10 place's light.

Become the equivalent flash of light at local space modulation or frames images 10 places by the spatial modulation at the caused first lens arra 7A place of the angular modulation of lamp along.No matter whether lamp or optical system limit optical extend, and this also is real.Different with flicker, the standard closed loop feedback system can not reduce flash of light.The modulation voltage at frames images 10 places normally is less than any signal-lens modulation voltage in the array 7A, this be because the modulation of each lens normally at random, and from the optical superposition on the poly-lens on the film face.Reduce the generated time noise that causes at film face place roughly through illuminated number of lenses purpose square root.As stated, the negative effect of the manufacturability of lens arra and luminescence efficiency has produced restriction to the number that can be used in the lens among array 7A and the 7B.

Expectation reduces these time fluctuations by the space decision and more is far more than the number that increases lens.When lamp was new lamp, it was primary requirement that flicker is reduced to the level that is lower than the vision-based detection threshold value.Less important requirement is to reduce flicker level, makes that instability bigger in the electric arc can not convert appreciable flicker into along with the use of lamp.In a such system, it is important that less important requirement possibly become.Otherwise, the failure mechanism of ordinary lamps be since the optical extend of arc gap that increases and increase with and the light loss that causes, the little optical extend of Cermax reduces system performance at its optical extend provides arc gap size more to change before.In one embodiment, also can be through being lower than under the situation of its output power in full the life-span that operation prolongs the Cermax lamp.As a result, be desirably in according to the present invention in the projection systems designed, the life-span through stable lamp becomes limited, but optical extend does not increase.The improvement that flash of light reduces can further increase the life-span of lamp, feasible cost and curing requirements of having practiced thrift lamp.

The effect of diffusing globe 3 is the life-spans that further reduce the space flicker and prolong arc lamp, and the fly's eye integrator is not had stricter requirement.Synoptic diagram among Fig. 5 has disclosed the principle of work of diffusing globe 3 when using with the fly's eye integrator cooperation that reduces of being used to glisten.Integrated lamp assembly 1 focuses on its output the focal plane 16 of the formation electric arc image of virtual (nominal).The convergence taper of light limits the virtual shell that comprises lamp output.

The angular modulation at 16 places, catoptron focal plane converts the space wave at the first lens arra 7A place into through collimation lens 4.Because the limit angles skew of 16 places, focal plane illumination disturbance, so the finite space scope that exists the irradiance of inducting to fluctuate at the first lens arra 7A place.This is illustrated by the broken lines in Fig. 5, shows the scope of propagating to the peak excursion taper of the first lens arra 7A from the focal plane.The area limiting that is limited the lip-deep conical projection of lens arra the zone of the extensible mistake of glimmering.

Through embedding the diffusing globe 3 of design in the focal plane 16 of lamp 1 or near 16 places, focal plane of lamp 1, and design diffusing globe 3 makes it surpassing by the represented angular range diffused light of the angle disturbance taper of lamp 1, can eliminate realizable flash of light.From each of focus with all base lighting substep (be small or chaotic) all by diffusion or " blur " to shine bigger zone at the lens arra place.This is equivalent to the response through diffusing globe 3, at lens arra the transient irradiation degree on the plane of incidence of 7A, 7B is distributed and carries out convolution (convolve).Then, the first lens arra 7A goes up the irradiance distribution of arbitrfary point and makes even all with the irradiance that point of proximity is gone up on the surface, and average area has size that scattering angle limited and the length diffusing globe 3.Below table 1 show flash of light along with minimizing with respect to the angle disturbance quantity function of amount of diffusion.Show result for the simple scenario of the diffusing globe of Gauss's scattering profile of the full width half maximum with W (FWHM).The efficient of diffusing globe 3 removal flashes of light improves with the minimizing of angle of entry disturbance.In fact, have been found that CERMAX lamp with 2.4kw as light source, the Gauss's diffusing globe with the FWHM that equals 1 degree is removed 80% existing flash of light, and in this case, remaining flicker is lower than the vision-based detection threshold value.The disturbance of table 1 indication lamp is less than the basic luminaire of 1.5 degree.

Table 1

Lamp range of disturbance (x W) (unit is degree)	The flash of light of being removed (%)
		?.5	99.5
?.75	99.1
		?1	97.5
?1.25	90.7
		?1.5	81.0
?2.0	60.8
		?3.0	34.2
?4.0	21.0
		?5	13.9

Along with the aging and instable increase of lamp, the required amount of diffusion that is used for eliminating realizable flicker becomes bigger.Can calculate through influence that comprises the lamp fluctuation and the angle scattered quantum of introducing by diffusing globe from the viewed light source optical extend of the output of diffusing globe.Suppose to be less than the optical extend that is limited projecting lens and frames images from exporting the combination optical propagation that points to single pass all these light sources, then this system can be designed as and allows to increase diffusing globe, and has no the loss of optical efficiency.

In one embodiment, using holographic diffuser, be because backscattering is insignificant, and it has proposed the scheme of cost squeeze efficient.The diffusion energy of holographic diffuser can also be asymmetric, and with the angle disturbance of better removal from lamp, wherein, lamp itself also can be asymmetric.This will optimize the illumination process ability and reduce flicker simultaneously, to be significantly less than the restriction of human perception.Those skilled in the art should be understood that; Can use the method for other diffused light; Include but not limited to standard diffusing globe, lens arra, diffraction grating, and the mobile caused scattering of passing through the element of certain speed, make scattering not by the perception of human visual system institute.

In one embodiment, light diffusion is designed to anisotropy.Making the anisotropic reason of diffusion is in order to overcome the variation in the lamp output, and the some of them angle is compared more remarkable with other angle.The Another reason of design anisotropic diffusion device is when existing in anisotropy behavior other part in system, to optimize the total system performance.In order to set forth this point, consider that the usage space photomodulator is to produce the situation of the electronic projection apparatus of image on screen.Modulator self has usually and depends on the performance that incides the light angle on it.For example, the off-axis illumination of DMD modulator produces asymmetric in its scattering and diffraction characteristic.Cause reducing optical projection system contrast and efficient with respect to systematic optical axis from the anisotropic scattering and the diffraction of modulator.Another instance is to use the projector of LCD and LCOS modulator.These modulators rely on polarized light to realize high-contrast.Here, can be through the contrast of compromising by the leakage by the angle decision of propagating the light that passes through system as oblique ray.In these situation, design has the characteristic that is present in the diffusing globe of the anisotropic properties in other places in the system and can optimize the optical projection system performance.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that other instance that in optical projection system, also can exist, and can be applicable to this embodiment with anisotropy.

In one embodiment, the position of diffusing globe 3 is near the focus 16 of lamp.Yet, can use with lens arra 7A to have abundant interval to minimize other position of scattering loss.In one embodiment, diffusing globe 3 is placed on the position of any conjugate plane of pupil (at lens arra 7B place) or this pupil near illuminator.In one embodiment, diffusing globe 3 is placed on the outgoing position near the combined prism 2 that focuses on light.Other of lens arra 7B maybe conjugate plane comprise through other relay element in the system formed those.

When being applied to when of the present invention, the optical waveguide (light pipe) (generally being also referred to as integrated (integrating bar), striation (light bar) or kaleidoscope) with suitable optical element can replace the fly's eye integrator to realize confers similar advantages.For the optical waveguide integrator, system dimension and cost can be bigger, are used for photo-equilibrium and just in time are suitable for this technology with many lamps method of improving operating efficiency.Shown in hereinafter, the mixed characteristic of optical waveguide is also benefited from the diffusing globe that before the optical waveguide inlet, increases, to eliminate flash of light.

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show diffusing globe and how to use together with the optical waveguide integrator, to reduce in the flash of light at frames images 10 places and therefore in the flash of light at screen place.Diffusing globe 3 is arranged on the front such as integrated 18 optical waveguide.How Fig. 6 makes the even illumination profile that comprises the random time modulation of output place that is positioned at set bar 18 be imaged onto the frames images 10 with suitable enlargement factor if showing, adorn this frame to allow slightly to cross.The pupil that photoimaging also is suitable for light is connected in projection lens subsequently in the relaying device 19 of frames images 10.In Fig. 6, the pupil of relaying device 19 is shown 20.

Fig. 7 illustrates how light according to an embodiment of the invention propagate into optical waveguide (for example, integrated 18) from lamp 1 output.In the figure, through single lamp 1 irradiates light waveguide.Through the total internal reflection of solid light waveguide or the reflection of hollow core optical waveguide, light passes the output to optical waveguide.Dotted line among Fig. 7 is represented by the scope that the caused peak excursion conical surface of angle fluctuation is arranged from lamp 1.Along with the increase of optical waveguide length with respect to its xsect, degree of uniformity increases.This is because along the increase of the volume reflection of the length of optical waveguide.Along with the optical waveguide lengthening, because volume and the surface scattering that runs through optical waveguide, illuminator becomes and owes compact, and manufacturing expense increases and system effectiveness reduces.Therefore, through the extra needs that the even performance that increases optical waveguide reduces with the solution flash of light, the designer is on a sticky wicket.

The same with the fly's eye integrator, expectation when lamp be new lamp and when wearing along with it, the optional method of the fluctuation that elimination causes in appreciable flash of light.The increase of the diffusing globe of design is used for flash of light reduced to optical waveguide and is lower than human visual system's detection threshold.Fig. 7 show with diffusing globe 3 place near or be positioned at the embodiment at integrated 18 output surface place.When the angle scattering equals or exceeds the angular modulation from lamp, be eliminated by the flicker of space decision.

If system is not limited by the optical extend of the light of exporting from diffusing globe, then system can be designed to guarantee do not have light loss through introducing diffusing globe.The increase that has been shown in dotted line the numerical aperture that causes owing to diffusion among Fig. 6, and solid line shows chief ray and marginal ray corresponding to the lamp output that does not have diffuser.Frames images and/or projecting lens can not receive the light of the increase digital ring of being introduced by diffusing globe, and vignetting can cause the light loss that runs through system, and can cause contrast to reduce.The method that has multiple design system again is to eliminate this problem.The input that for example, can make the variation irradiation in the lamp reflector have the optical waveguide of the light that is lower than digital ring slightly.This will directly cause reducing from the cone of optical waveguide output.Spot size in the optical waveguide porch will increase but not cause any loss, and this is because this system and can't help the optical extend of lamp and limit.Reducing from another method of the cone angle of optical waveguide output is optical waveguide, to introduce slight inclination.Here, the output xsect of optical waveguide will remain unchanged, and the input xsect will reduce once more, and not cause the reduction of any efficient.

Flash of light detects

Effective indicator of illumination system performance can be constructed in illuminator, arrives the terminal point in lamp life-span to guarantee property retention.Such system can send the caution signal that needs the replacement lamp from the trend operator before spectators can sensory property reduce.In addition, based on the performance of lamp, controller can be used to manage lamp.This is included in the demonstration internal conversion and perhaps selects which lamp under lower power, to work with the maximization display quality advisably to the possibility of another lamp.Through two or more sensors of use in illuminator, but monitoring space/time modulation.To provide the direct measurement of light source stability such as the signal processing method that the signal from these detecting devices is carried out difference.With the sensitivity that useful area and its spacing of sensor is designed to optimize fluctuation, make its have influence on theater experience before to the early warning of lamp problem.

As shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment, be placed in the back of cold mirror 8 such as the sensor of detecting device 14, detecting the leakage of visible light, or the infrared ray that this position occurs is sampled.In one embodiment, detecting device 14 is set at the back of lens, make detected modulation directly with the observed ratio that is modulated in output lens array 7A place.The lens of detecting device 14 fronts are as relay element, thereby detecting device 14 is arranged in the plane with lens arra 7A and frames images 10 conjugation.Therefore, 14 pairs of each detecting devices and the corresponding light of frames images 10 place's diverse locations are sampled.Advantage with relay lens aperture of limitation detector makes the light of detector monitors from the subclass of lens combination in the lens arra 7.At first, the aperture of limitation detector relay lens reduces the size and the cost of detection system.Secondly, but careful selection in the lateral attitude of the detector module of last cold mirror 8 back with the flash of light of observation from the lens combination subclass.

The selection of lens combination mapping subclass directly retreats into from the part of the angle Luminance Distribution of lamp output, thereby allows from the catoptron of lamp diverse location to check that flash of light distributes.When with lamp in the convection current pattern properties that exists when combining, the ability in zone is especially favourable on this selection catoptron.Can merge a plurality of detector modules and produce the flash of light distribution with a plurality of positions from lamp.In order to reduce the cost of this enforcement, can use lens arra in the front of detecting device, rather than discrete lens.Analysis from the signal of these detecting devices can allow to extract and the very relevant data of film face place flash of light.The sampling that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this light is not limited to this position.

Automatically shrink and insertion

Stereo projection system is encoded light, makes the left eye and the eye image that are received by the observer enter into correct eye, and minimum light enters into wrong eye.Adding its any combination through polarization, time division multiplexing, color or direction can encode to light.In one embodiment, the self-actuated controller of optical projection system automatically inserts scrambler in correct direction, has eliminated mistake and redundancy of effort that the cinematographer is easy to generate.If transfer to the cinematographer, finite time will cause the incorrect placement of scrambler between the repeat property of task and the demonstration.This includes but not limited to right eye and left eye scrambler are obscured and scrambler is inserted incorrect orientation.These human errors will cause not visual 3D to show.If the separation between left eye and the eye image based on linearly polarized photon, then exists the strict demand of orientation of linear polarization so that afterimage is minimized.It is very difficult when inserting polarizer by hand, keeping this needs, has caused the system performance of suboptimum.For the 2D display mode, automatic puncturing code device or a plurality of scrambler.This has overcome unexpected with scrambler or a plurality of scrambler is stayed the original place and cause 2D to show the error that worsens.For example, if scrambler is polarizer and stays wherein that the 2D demonstration will become unacceptably fuzzy so.If scrambler is a color filter, then show will be not only fuzzy but also have a unacceptable color for 2D.As shown in fig. 1, polarizer 12 is used for light is encoded, and is arranged on the front of projecting lens 11.Projection is possible with other interior position.For example, scrambler or a plurality of scrambler can be linear polarization, circuit polarizer, elliptical reflector, dimmer, color filter or activity (active) polarizer, for example Z screen.Spendable puncturing code device or a plurality of scrambler and the multiple mechanical system that scrambler or a plurality of scrambler insert light path comprised through conversion or whirligig realize the system that requires.

When optical projection system was used for the 3D demonstration, the light of comparing loss with 2D display mode output level can be through the automatic removal of element in the optical projection system and partly withdrawal.Element or a plurality of element that in one embodiment, generally need improve the 2D display quality are removed to improve lighting level automatically.For example, this element comprises the shadow shield that is used to improve contrast and the color filter that is used to improve the chromaticity that 2D shows.In order to reach best complete performance, such element is removed in the automatic mode that 3D shows, and in the system that 2D shows, is inserted again.Shadow shield is general to be used at the pupil place that is arranged in illumination chain relay element or the pupil of approaching illumination chain relay element.Be preferably in the pupil place of projecting lens or use shadow shield near the pupil of projecting lens.This is in order to reduce the anisotropic unnecessary light in specific direction of previous disclosure, and it is revealed and pass through system owing to for example scattering, diffusion or polarization influence.Color filter can be notch(ing) filter or a plurality of wave filter, separates with the look that increases between the color composition.

Cold mirror/light barrier

In one embodiment, remove basis through the advantage of the dichroic coating on cold mirror/light barrier 5 shown in Figure 1 from infrared (IR) radiation of lamp illumination.Transmit IR radiation, the visible light composition of scioptics array 7A, 7B reflectoscope radiation frequency spectrum through beam blocking device 13.Cold mirror/light barrier 5 protection films avoid being exposed under the too much heat with other components downstream, and wherein, heat is produced by the IR radiation of from light path, not shifting out.

Through cold mirror/light barrier 5 being installed in hinge or other rotation or the throw-over gear, cold mirror/light barrier 5 can shift out light path fully.In this position, all illumination light are all pointed to the light dog catch, and do not allow light to flee from from the lens of projector.Therefore, optical projection system can deepening and need not be extinguished lamp.Mix cold mirror/light barrier 5 and eliminated the mechanical part of generally in optical projection system, setting up, thereby reduced number of components, simplified design, and reduced size.Also allow identical single heat radiator (for example, being used for the light beam drip catcher (beam trap) 13 of IR radiation) to be used for visible light, therefore reduced parts again, and simplified heat management, thereby made system more compact.

Cooling

The cooling illumination is vital for stable operation and unfailing performance.The validity of cold mirror has significantly reduced the heat that is loaded into the optical system second level (that is the system unit in first cold mirror, 5 downstream shown in Fig. 1) in the process that from illumination, removes IR.The second level of optical system can be closed, and therefore is protected from the influence of surrounding environment.This can eliminate the requirement of cleaning and this one-level of maintenance optical system.

The first order also can remain in the shell of sealing, and it has the air cooling system of the forced filtration that required ventilation is provided.Can not pass through lamp from the filtered air that the light dog catch obtains at the back.Through filtering cooling air before the enclosed environment that it is sucked illuminator, can guarantee the cleaning of optical device.This has just reduced maintenance, has increased reliability, and has reduced operating cost once more.

Summary

Though foregoing description has comprised many qualificationss, these qualifications are not limited to scope of the present invention, only the explanation of the conduct embodiment that discloses.Within scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art will envision that various possible variations.For example, the present invention is equally applicable to film projection systems, 35mm film projection systems and the electronic projection systems of big form.

Claims (11)

1. a flash of light reduces optical projection system, comprising:

A) at least one light source;

B) projecting lens;

C) flash of light between said at least one light source and said projecting lens reduces diffusing globe;

Wherein said flash of light reduces diffusing globe and is positioned at:

I) focal plane of said at least one light source place or near;

II) near the pupil of said flash of light reduction optical projection system or near any conjugate planes of this pupil; Perhaps

III) from the along of the light of composite set or near, wherein the light from said at least one light source is focused said composite set.

2. flash of light according to claim 1 reduces optical projection system, also comprises the integrated optical device between said projecting lens and said at least one light source.

3. flash of light according to claim 2 reduces optical projection system, and wherein said integrated optical device comprises the fly's eye integrator.

4. flash of light according to claim 2 reduces optical projection system, and wherein said integrated optical device comprises integrated, and wherein said flash of light reduces diffusing globe and is positioned between said at least one light source and said integrated.

5. flash of light according to claim 2 reduces optical projection system, and wherein said integrated optical device comprises integrated, and wherein said flash of light reduction diffusing globe is positioned near said integrated the input.

6. flash of light according to claim 5 reduces optical projection system, and wherein said flash of light reduces near the pupil that diffusing globe is positioned at illumination relay or near any conjugate planes of the said pupil of said illumination relay.

7. each described flash of light reduces optical projection system according to claim 1 to 6, and it is holographic diffuser, light-scattering component or diffraction element that wherein said flash of light reduces diffusing globe.

8. each described flash of light reduces optical projection system according to claim 1 to 6; Wherein said flash of light reduces the diffusing globe that diffusing globe is design; Be positioned at said at least one light source focal plane place or near, be arranged on the angular range represented light from said at least one light source carried out diffusion by the angle disturbance taper of said at least one light source.

9. flash of light according to claim 8 reduces optical projection system; Wherein said at least one light source is a 2.4kW CERMAX lamp; And said flash of light reduces diffusing globe and has Gauss's scattering profile that full width half maximum FWHM equals 1 degree, eliminates 80% existing flash of light thus so that make fluctuation be lower than the vision-based detection threshold value.

10. each described flash of light reduces optical projection system according to claim 1 to 6, and it is movable element that wherein said flash of light reduces diffusing globe.

11. each described flash of light reduces optical projection system according to claim 1 to 6, it is anisotropic that wherein said flash of light reduces diffusing globe.

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