CN102583609A - Multi-effect vertical plate falling film solar desalination unit and method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-effect vertical plate falling film solar desalination unit and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102583609A CN102583609A CN2012100740280A CN201210074028A CN102583609A CN 102583609 A CN102583609 A CN 102583609A CN 2012100740280 A CN2012100740280 A CN 2012100740280A CN 201210074028 A CN201210074028 A CN 201210074028A CN 102583609 A CN102583609 A CN 102583609A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-effect vertical plate falling film solar desalination unit and a method thereof. The device body consists of a seawater storage tank, metal clapboards, sealing rubber, a high concentration seawater storage tank, a fresh water storage tank, pulleys, a reflector, a glass plate and liquid absorbing cotton cloth. The direct radiation, scattering radiation and reflecting radiation of the sun are absorbed by a solar absorption surface and are converted into heat, the heat is absorbed by seawater uniformly distributed in the liquid absorbing cotton cloth for falling film evaporation, generated vapor is condensed into fresh water on a condensing surface, released latent heat is absorbed by the next effect of seawater, and the latent heat is repeatedly used to improve the fresh water yield in a unit daylighting area. Except solar energy, fuels and motors are not required, and the device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in start speed and high in water yield, and is particularly suitable for sea islands, deserts, ships and remote areas lacking electricity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method thereof, belong to the technical field of solar seawater desalination.
Background technology
The ocean covers 71% of earth surface-area, and the seawater reserves are about 13.7 hundred million cubes of kms, account for 95% of global Total Water; Land fresh water reserves are about 0.35 hundred million cube of km, account for 2.53% of global water reserves, wherein can supply the human fresh water that directly utilizes only to account for 0.266% of fresh water reserves, 7/100000ths of the total moisture storage capacity of the not enough earth.China's seashore line length, all there are serious shortage of fresh water problem in a lot of island, coastal and landlocked brackish water area.Therefore, the development desalination technology to alleviate current shortage of fresh water, the imbalance between supply and demand distinct issues have far-reaching strategic importance.
Sea water desaltination is exactly that the salinity in the seawater (or brackish water) is separated with moisture, finally obtains fresh water and concentrated brinish process.The most frequently used technology of seawater (or brackish water) desalination mainly contains multiple-effect distillation, MSF method, reverse osmosis method, extraction process and electroosmose process.
Multiple-effect distillation is seawater to be added thermal distillation produce steam, and steam produces fresh water and emits latent heat in the process of condensation, and fresh water flows into fresh-water pool, and latent heat is used for heating next seawater of imitating and produces steam, carries out the multiple-effect utilization according to this, reduces heat energy consumption.This process also needs certain driven by power water pump of additive decrementation and blower fan except consuming heat energy.
The MSF method is that the seawater that is heated to certain temperature is introduced the flashing chamber that several pressure reduce gradually successively, because the pressure of flashing chamber is lower than the corresponding saturated vapour pressure of seawater temperature, seawater is vaporized rapidly after getting into flashing chamber step by step; Salt concentration increases step by step, and temperature reduces step by step, because heat is from the decline of salt water self-temperature; There is not special hot face; Avoided inorganic salt to separate out fouling,, obtained fresh water behind the vapor condensations at different levels until discharge.This process also need consume a large amount of driven by power vacuum pumps and water pump except consuming heat energy.
Reverse osmosis method is to utilize reverse osmosis membrane that seawater and fresh water are separated, and applies enough big pressure (surpassing penetration of sea water presses) in the seawater side, and dilute side is arrived in the water molecules r-o-in the seawater.This method does not consume heat energy, produces enough big external pressure but need to consume a large amount of electric power, and is very high to the requirement of reverse osmosis membrane in addition yet.
Electroosmose process is a power with the potential difference, utilizes the selective permeation of ion-exchange membrane and removes the desalination process of water intermediate ion.Electrodeionization combines dialysis with IX, in the freshwater room of electrodialyzer, fill ionite, under the effect of DC electric field, realizes electrodialysis, ion-exchange demineralization and IX continuous electric regenerated process.Electrodeionization is not used in brackish water desalination, is mainly used in the production high purity water.This method does not consume heat energy, but needs to introduce electric power.
Cold method is that seawater is freezing to below freezing, and fresh water freezes, separates, melts is the process of fresh water.Cold method is utilized natural ice method and artificial cold method.But technology is still immature.
Traditional desalination technology investment is high, and energy expenditure is big, according to statistics, produces the device of 1,300 ten thousand tons of desalination waters every day, needs to consume 1.3 hundred million tons of crude oil every year.Remove outside the expense of this fuel, problems such as the Greenhouse effect that bring thus, atmospheric pollution also can not be ignored.With regard to China, regional electric power famines such as northwest remote village, desert, isolated island can not be set up traditional seawater (or brackish water) desalting equipment.Solar seawater desalination fresh water technology is the effective way that solves these regional shortage of fresh water problems, has a extensive future.
Present desalination with Solar Energy is integrated in one solar energy heating and sea water by distillation desalination usually, and running maintenance is simple; But the plant area area is big; Start slowly, the unit surface water production rate is low, receives area and weather influence very big; Average daily output fresh water amount is lower, has seriously restricted its The Application of Technology and popularization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing desalination with Solar Energy, the multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and the method thereof that provide a kind of and need not fossil energy consumption, need not auxiliary electrical equipment, start rapidly, producing water ratio are high.
Multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus comprises the seawater storage tank; The seawater diverter branch; Caulking gum; The concentrated seawater outlet; The concentrated seawater collection box; The fresh water collection box; Pulley; Reflector; The solar absorption face; Sheet glass; The first seawater inlet slot; The first imbibition cotton; The second seawater inlet slot; The second imbibition cotton; N seawater inlet slot; N imbibition cotton; N+1 seawater inlet slot; N+1 imbibition cotton; N level evaporative condenser chamber; The n metal partion (metp); The n+1 metal partion (metp); N level fresh-water tank; N level water outlet; N-1 level water outlet; N-1 level fresh-water tank; N level condensing surface; N-1 level condensing surface; Second metal partion (metp); First metal partion (metp); First step fresh-water tank; First step water outlet; First step evaporative condenser chamber; First step condensing surface; Be vertically installed with n+1 metal partion (metp) in the device body; The first metal partion (metp) left surface is the solar absorption face, scribbles the selective solar absorbing coating on the solar absorption face, and the right flank of first metal partion (metp) posts the first imbibition cotton; The left surface of second metal partion (metp) is a first step condensing surface; The right flank of second metal partion (metp) posts the second imbibition cotton, and the left surface of n metal partion (metp) is a n-1 level condensing surface, and the right flank of n metal partion (metp) posts n imbibition cotton; The left surface of n+1 metal partion (metp) is a n level condensing surface, and the right flank of n+1 metal partion (metp) posts n+1 imbibition cotton; Reflector is connected with the device body left bottom through chain; Be provided with sheet glass in first metal partion (metp) left side, first metal partion (metp) left surface upper end is provided with the first seawater inlet slot, and the first imbibition cotton top bending immerses the first seawater inlet slot to first metal partion (metp) left side; The first metal partion (metp) left surface lower end is provided with first step fresh-water tank; Be drilled with first step water outlet in first step fresh-water tank bottom, second metal partion (metp) left surface upper end is provided with the second seawater inlet slot, and the second imbibition cotton top bending immerses the second seawater inlet slot to second metal partion (metp) left side; N metal partion (metp) left surface lower end is provided with n-1 level fresh-water tank; N-1 level fresh-water tank bottom is drilled with n-1 level water outlet, and n metal partion (metp) left surface upper end is provided with n seawater inlet slot, and n imbibition cotton top bending immerses n seawater inlet slot to n metal partion (metp) left side; Lower end, n+1 metal partion (metp) left side is provided with n level fresh-water tank; N level fresh-water tank bottom is drilled with n level water outlet, and upper end, n+1 metal partion (metp) left side is provided with n+1 seawater inlet slot, and n+1 imbibition cotton top bending immerses n+1 seawater inlet slot to n+1 metal partion (metp) left side; The first imbibition cotton and first step condensing surface form first and imitate the evaporative condenser chamber; N imbibition cotton and n level condensing surface form n and imitate the evaporative condenser chamber, and the seawater storage tank links to each other with the seawater diverter branch, and the seawater diverter branch is corresponding respectively to join with each seawater inlet slot; The concentrated seawater outlet gathers the back through connecting tube and is connected with the concentrated seawater storage tank, and each water outlet gathers the back through pipeline and is connected with the fresh water storage tank, and the bottom of device is provided with pulley.
The natural number of described n >=1.Parallel distance between described adjacent two metal partion (metp)s is arranged on 4mm-10mm.Described reflector and surface water planar angle are adjustable between 90 ° of 0 –.
Multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar desalination process is: the seawater in the seawater storage tank flows into the first seawater inlet slot, the second seawater inlet slot, n seawater inlet slot and n+1 seawater inlet slot respectively after getting into the seawater diverter branch through pipe connecting; Be soaked with the first imbibition cotton, the second imbibition cotton, n imbibition cotton, n+1 imbibition cotton in the groove respectively; Imbibition cotton upper end absorbs seawater, and the capillary syphonic effect of utilizing the imbibition cotton evenly forms the seawater falling liquid film behind the monoblock cotton on wetting each metal partion (metp) right flank; Change the pitch angle of reflector and after making more beam radia, scattered radiation and the reflected radiation after reflector is penetrated penetrate sheet glass, shining on the solar absorption face that is coated with selective absorbing coating of device according to sun altitude and movement locus; After being absorbed, sun power changes into thermal energy transfer to the first metal partion (metp) right side; Seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the first imbibition cotton of the first metal partion (metp) right side produces water vapor; Water vapor moves on the first step condensing surface meets condensation and forms fresh water; Because action of gravity fresh water is along with first step condensing surface is slipped to first step fresh-water tank; Unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of the first imbibition cotton, and water recovery discharges latent heat, and heat is delivered to the second metal partion (metp) right flank; Seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the second imbibition cotton of the second metal partion (metp) right side; Unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of the second imbibition cotton, and the water vapor that evaporation produces moves to second and imitates and meet condensation on the condensing surface of evaporative condenser chamber and form fresh water and discharge latent heat simultaneously, and heat transmits with the mode of latent heat successively; Water vapor is met condensation at n-1 level condensing surface and is formed fresh water; Fresh water is because action of gravity is slipped to n-1 level fresh-water tank, and the latent heat that discharges that condenses simultaneously is delivered to n metal partion (metp) right flank, the seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the n metal partion (metp) right side n imbibition cotton; The water vapor that produces moves to meets condensation and forms fresh water on the n level condensing surface; Produce fresh water and be slipped to n level fresh-water tank along n level condensing surface, unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of n imbibition cotton, and the latent heat that discharges that condenses is delivered to n+1 metal partion (metp) right flank; N+1 metal partion (metp) right flank plays the refrigerative effect to heat release to ambient atmosphere with evaporation convection current radiating mode, and the fresh water in each fresh-water tank is derived through first step water outlet, n-1 level water outlet, n level water outlet and is pooled to the fresh water storage tank.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention does not use fossil oil conventional energy resources such as consumes electric power not simultaneously fully, on the island, the remote districts that lack of desert, ships and electric power have superior especially practical significance.
2, the evaporation mode that adopts of the present invention is a thin film evaporation, and the thermal capacity of film is minimum, and the temperature of required thermal source is low, and it is also less to evaporate required heat simultaneously, and it is fast therefore to evaporate toggle speed, limited solar energy acquisition in the time fresh water yield higher.
3, among the present invention between the adjacent metal dividing plate spacing of 4mm-10mm very little, improved the efficient that the evaporation of seawater condensation process is carried out greatly, the heat transfer that relates to is a phase-change heat transfer, apparatus structure is compact, floor space is little.
4, reflector pitch angle among the present invention and device towards adjustability, improved the sun power utilising efficiency of same place different time, also strengthened the suitability of device in the different time different location, make device have more promotional value.
5, last effect steam is met the calorific potential that condensation knot discharges and is delivered to the back side efficiently among the present invention on each condensing surface; Evaporation produced water vapor after next imitated the part seawater falling film absorption heat on the generating surface; Vapor condenses can be produced water fresh water again; Latent heat is repeatedly recycled by this way, and the multi-purpose design makes sun power obtain utilizing efficiently, and the fresh water yield of unit daylighting area also improves greatly.
6, apparatus of the present invention material is common, and is simple to operate, and seal request is not high, installs, unpicks and washes, changes conveniently, also can obtain in remote backward areas promoting.
Description of drawings
The main TV structure figure of Fig. 1 multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus;
Fig. 2 multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus evaporative condenser chamber master's pseudosection;
Among the figure: seawater storage tank 1; Seawater inlet 2; Caulking gum 3; Concentrated seawater outlet 4; Concentrated seawater collection box 5; Fresh water collection box 6; Pulley 7; Reflector 8; Solar absorption face 9; Sheet glass 10; The first seawater inlet slot 11; The first imbibition cotton 12; The second seawater inlet slot 13; The second imbibition cotton 14; N seawater inlet slot 15; N imbibition cotton 16; N+1 seawater inlet slot 17; N+1 imbibition cotton 18; N level evaporative condenser chamber 19; N metal partion (metp) 20; N+1 metal partion (metp) 21; N level fresh-water tank 22; N level water outlet 23; N-1 level water outlet 24; N-1 level fresh-water tank 25; N level condensing surface 26; N-1 level condensing surface 27; Second metal partion (metp) 28; First metal partion (metp) 29; First step fresh-water tank 30; First step water outlet 31; First step evaporative condenser chamber 32; First step condensing surface 33.
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2, multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus comprises seawater storage tank 1, seawater diverter branch 2, caulking gum 3, concentrated seawater outlet 4, concentrated seawater collection box 5, fresh water collection box 6, pulley 7, reflector 8, solar absorption face 9, sheet glass 10, the first seawater inlet slot 11, the first imbibition cotton 12, the second seawater inlet slot 13, the second imbibition cotton 14, n seawater inlet slot 15, n imbibition cotton 16, n+1 seawater inlet slot 17, n+1 imbibition cotton 18, n level evaporative condenser chamber 19, n metal partion (metp) 20, n+1 metal partion (metp) 21, n level fresh-water tank 22, n level water outlet 23, n-1 level water outlet 24, n-1 level fresh-water tank 25, n level condensing surface 26, n-1 level condensing surface 27, second metal partion (metp) 28, first metal partion (metp) 29, first step fresh-water tank 30, first step water outlet 31, first step evaporative condenser chamber 32, first step condensing surface 33; Be vertically installed with n+1 metal partion (metp) in the device body; First metal partion (metp), 29 left surfaces are solar absorption face 9, scribble the selective solar absorbing coating on the solar absorption face 9, and the right flank of first metal partion (metp) 29 posts the first imbibition cotton 12; The left surface of second metal partion (metp) 28 is a first step condensing surface 33; The left surface that the right flank of second metal partion (metp) 28 posts the second imbibition cotton, 14, the n metal partion (metp)s 20 is that the right flank of n-1 level condensing surface 27, the n metal partion (metp)s 20 posts n imbibition cotton 16; The left surface of n+1 metal partion (metp) 21 is that the right flank of n level condensing surface 26, the n+1 metal partion (metp)s 21 posts n+1 imbibition cotton 18; Reflector 8 is connected with the device body left bottom through chain; Be provided with sheet glass 10 in first metal partion (metp), 29 left sides; First metal partion (metp), 29 left surfaces upper end is provided with the first seawater inlet slot 11; The first imbibition cotton, 12 top bendings immerse the first seawater inlet slot, 11, the first metal partion (metp)s, 29 left surface lower ends and are provided with first step fresh-water tank 30 to first metal partion (metp), 29 left sides, be drilled with first step water outlet 31 in first step fresh-water tank 30 bottoms; Second metal partion (metp), 28 left surfaces upper end is provided with the second seawater inlet slot 13; The second imbibition cotton, 14 top bendings immerse the second seawater inlet slot, 13, the n metal partion (metp)s, 20 left surface lower ends and are provided with n-1 level fresh-water tank 25, the n-1 level fresh-water tanks 25 bottoms and are drilled with n-1 level water outlet 24 to second metal partion (metp), 28 left sides; N metal partion (metp) 20 left surfaces upper end is provided with n seawater inlet slot 15; N imbibition cotton 16 top bendings immerse lower end, n seawater inlet slot 15, the n+1 metal partion (metp)s, 21 left side and are provided with n level fresh-water tank 22, the n level fresh-water tanks 22 bottoms and are drilled with n level water outlet 23 to n metal partion (metp) 20 left sides; Upper end, n+1 metal partion (metp) 21 left sides is provided with n+1 seawater inlet slot 17; N+1 imbibition cotton 18 top bendings immerse n+1 seawater inlet slot 17, the first imbibition cottons 12 and form first effect evaporative condenser chamber 32, the n imbibition cottons 16 and n level condensing surface formation n effect evaporative condenser chambers 19 26 with first step condensing surface 33 to n+1 metal partion (metp) 21 left sides; Seawater storage tank 1 links to each other with seawater diverter branch 2, and seawater diverter branch 2 is corresponding respectively to join with each seawater inlet slot; Concentrated seawater outlet 4 gathers the back through connecting tube and is connected with concentrated seawater storage tank 5, and each water outlet gathers the back through pipeline and is connected with fresh water storage tank 6, and the bottom of device is provided with pulley 7.
The natural number of described n >=1.Parallel distance between described adjacent two metal partion (metp)s is arranged on 4mm-10mm.Described reflector 8 and surface water planar angle are adjustable between 90 ° of 0 –.
Multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar desalination process is: the seawater in the seawater storage tank 1 gets into through pipe connecting and flows into the first seawater inlet slot 11, the second seawater inlet slot 13, n seawater inlet slot 15 and n+1 seawater inlet slot 17 behind the seawater diverter branch 2 respectively; Be soaked with the first imbibition cotton 12, the second imbibition cotton 14, n imbibition cotton 16, n+1 imbibition cotton 18 in the groove respectively; Imbibition cotton upper end absorbs seawater, and the capillary syphonic effect of utilizing the imbibition cotton evenly forms the seawater falling liquid film behind the monoblock cotton on wetting each metal partion (metp) right flank; Change the pitch angle of reflector and after making more beam radia, scattered radiation and the reflected radiation after reflector 8 reflects penetrate sheet glass 10, shining on the solar absorption face 9 that is coated with selective absorbing coating of device according to sun altitude and movement locus; After being absorbed, sun power changes into thermal energy transfer to first metal partion (metp), 29 right sides; Seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the first imbibition cotton 12 of first metal partion (metp), 29 right sides produces water vapor; Water vapor moves on the first step condensing surface 33 meets condensation and forms fresh water; Because action of gravity fresh water is along with first step condensing surface 33 is slipped to first step fresh-water tank 30; Unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of the first imbibition cotton 12; Water recovery discharges latent heat; Heat is delivered to second metal partion (metp), 28 right flanks, the seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the second imbibition cotton 14 of second metal partion (metp), 28 right sides, and unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of the second imbibition cotton 14; The water vapor that evaporation produces moves to second and imitates and meet condensation on the condensing surface of evaporative condenser chamber and form fresh water and discharge latent heat simultaneously; Heat transmits with the mode of latent heat successively, and water vapor is met condensation at n-1 level condensing surface 27 and formed fresh water, and fresh water is because action of gravity is slipped to n-1 level fresh-water tank 25; The latent heat that discharges that condenses simultaneously is delivered to n metal partion (metp) 20 right flanks; Seawater falling liquid film on the n metal partion (metp) 20 right side n imbibition cottons 16 heat absorption rear section evaporation, the water vapor of generation move to meets condensation and forms fresh water on the n level condensing surface 26, produce fresh water and be slipped to n level fresh-water tank 22 along n level condensing surface 26; Unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of n imbibition cotton 16; The latent heat that discharges that condenses is delivered to n+1 metal partion (metp) 21 right flanks, and n+1 metal partion (metp) 21 right flanks play the refrigerative effect to heat release to ambient atmosphere with evaporation convection current radiating mode, and the fresh water in each fresh-water tank is derived and is pooled to fresh water storage tank 6 through first step water outlet 31, n-1 level water outlet 24, n level water outlet 23.
Embodiment 1:
The length and width of mirror, each metal partion (metp) are of a size of 0.5 * 0.7m; The parallel distance of sheet glass and solar absorption face is 10mm; The parallel distance of each adjacent metal dividing plate is 5mm, and the specific absorption of solar absorption face is 0.9, and the emittance of solar absorption face is 0.3; The reflection of reflecting rate is 0.8, has ten evaporative condenser chambers (n=10).The last ten-days period in March are (30.3 ° of north latitude in Hangzhou; 120.2 ° of east longitudes); Regulating reflector makes it and 0 ° of horizontal plane angle stuck-at-; Device is placed towards 50 ° of directions of positive south by east by solar absorption face normal vector before 12 o'clock at noon, and wheelwork made solar absorption face normal vector place towards 50 ° of directions of positive south by west in 12 o'clock, and experimental result shows that the fresh water yield of one day unit daylighting area of this device is 14.3-25.6 kg/ (m
2.d).
Embodiment 2:
The length and width of mirror, each metal partion (metp) are of a size of 0.5 * 0.7m; The parallel distance of sheet glass and solar absorption face is 10mm; The parallel distance of each adjacent metal dividing plate is 5mm, and the specific absorption of solar absorption face is 0.9, and the emittance of solar absorption face is 0.3; The reflection of reflecting rate is 0.8, has ten evaporative condenser chambers (n=10).The last ten-days period in June are (30.3 ° of north latitude in Hangzhou; 120.2 ° of east longitudes); Regulating reflector makes it and 7 ° of horizontal plane angle stuck-at-s; Device is placed towards 85 ° of directions of positive south by east by solar absorption face normal vector before 12 o'clock at noon, and wheelwork made solar absorption face normal vector place towards 85 ° of directions of positive south by west in 12 o'clock, and experimental result shows that the fresh water yield of one day unit daylighting area of this device is 15.5-27.7 kg/ (m
2.d).
Claims (5)
1. a multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus is characterized in that comprising seawater storage tank (1), seawater diverter branch (2), caulking gum (3), concentrated seawater outlet (4), concentrated seawater collection box (5), fresh water collection box (6), pulley (7), reflector (8), solar absorption face (9), sheet glass (10), the first seawater inlet slot (11), the first imbibition cotton (12), the second seawater inlet slot (13), the second imbibition cotton (14), n seawater inlet slot (15), n imbibition cotton (16), n+1 seawater inlet slot (17), n+1 imbibition cotton (18), n level evaporative condenser chamber (19), n metal partion (metp) (20), n+1 metal partion (metp) (21), n level fresh-water tank (22), n level water outlet (23), n-1 level water outlet (24), n-1 level fresh-water tank (25), n level condensing surface (26), n-1 level condensing surface (27), second metal partion (metp) (28), first metal partion (metp) (29), first step fresh-water tank (30), first step water outlet (31), first step evaporative condenser chamber (32), first step condensing surface (33); Be vertically installed with n+1 metal partion (metp) in the device body; First metal partion (metp) (29) left surface is solar absorption face (9); The solar absorption face scribbles the selective solar absorbing coating on (9); The right flank of first metal partion (metp) (29) posts the first imbibition cotton (12), and the left surface of second metal partion (metp) (28) is first step condensing surface (33), and the right flank of second metal partion (metp) (28) posts the second imbibition cotton (14); The left surface of n metal partion (metp) (20) is a n-1 level condensing surface (27); The right flank of n metal partion (metp) (20) posts n imbibition cotton (16), and the left surface of n+1 metal partion (metp) (21) is a n level condensing surface (26), and the right flank of n+1 metal partion (metp) (21) posts n+1 imbibition cotton (18); Reflector (8) is connected with the device body left bottom through chain; Be provided with sheet glass (10) in first metal partion (metp) (29) left side; First metal partion (metp) (29) left surface upper end is provided with the first seawater inlet slot (11); First imbibition cotton (12) top bending immerses the first seawater inlet slot (11) to first metal partion (metp) (29) left side; First metal partion (metp) (29) left surface lower end is provided with first step fresh-water tank (30); Be drilled with first step water outlet (31) in first step fresh-water tank (30) bottom; Second metal partion (metp) (28) left surface upper end is provided with the second seawater inlet slot (13); Second imbibition cotton (14) top bending immerses the second seawater inlet slot (13) to second metal partion (metp) (28) left side, and n metal partion (metp) (20) left surface lower end is provided with n-1 level fresh-water tank (25), and n-1 level fresh-water tank (25) bottom is drilled with n-1 level water outlet (24); N metal partion (metp) (20) left surface upper end is provided with n seawater inlet slot (15); N imbibition cotton (16) top bending immerses n seawater inlet slot (15) to n metal partion (metp) (20) left side, and lower end, n+1 metal partion (metp) (21) left side is provided with n level fresh-water tank (22), and n level fresh-water tank (22) bottom is drilled with n level water outlet (23); Upper end, n+1 metal partion (metp) (21) left side is provided with n+1 seawater inlet slot (17); N+1 imbibition cotton (18) top bending immerses n+1 seawater inlet slot (17) to n+1 metal partion (metp) (21) left side, and the first imbibition cotton (12) forms first with first step condensing surface (33) and imitates evaporative condenser chamber (32), and n imbibition cotton (16) forms n with n level condensing surface (26) and imitates evaporative condenser chamber (19); Seawater storage tank (1) links to each other with seawater diverter branch (2), and seawater diverter branch (2) is corresponding respectively to join with each seawater inlet slot; Concentrated seawater outlet (4) gathers the back through connecting tube and is connected with concentrated seawater storage tank (5), and each water outlet gathers the back through pipeline and is connected with fresh water storage tank (6), and the bottom of device is provided with pulley (7).
2. a kind of multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the natural number of described n >=1.
3. a kind of multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the parallel distance between described adjacent two metal partion (metp)s is arranged on 4mm-10mm.
4. a kind of multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar energy sea water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described reflector (8) and surface water planar angle are adjustable between 90 ° of 0 –.
One kind according to claim 1 the device multiple-effect riser falling liquid film solar desalination process; It is characterized in that: the seawater in the seawater storage tank (1) flows into the first seawater inlet slot (11), the second seawater inlet slot (13), n seawater inlet slot (15) and n+1 seawater inlet slot (17) respectively after getting into seawater diverter branch (2) through pipe connecting; Be soaked with the first imbibition cotton (12), the second imbibition cotton (14), n imbibition cotton (16), n+1 imbibition cotton (18) in the groove respectively; Imbibition cotton upper end absorbs seawater, and the capillary syphonic effect of utilizing the imbibition cotton evenly forms the seawater falling liquid film behind the monoblock cotton on wetting each metal partion (metp) right flank; Change the pitch angle of reflector and after making more beam radia, scattered radiation and the reflected radiation after reflector (8) reflects penetrate sheet glass (10), shining on the solar absorption face (9) that is coated with selective absorbing coating of device according to sun altitude and movement locus; After being absorbed, sun power changes into thermal energy transfer to first metal partion (metp) (29) right side; Seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the first imbibition cotton (12) of first metal partion (metp) (29) right side produces water vapor; Water vapor moves to the condensation of the last chance of first step condensing surface (33) and forms fresh water; Because action of gravity fresh water is along with first step condensing surface (33) is slipped to first step fresh-water tank (30); Unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of the first imbibition cotton (12); Water recovery discharges latent heat; Heat is delivered to second metal partion (metp) (28) right flank; Seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on the second imbibition cotton (14) of second metal partion (metp) (28) right side; Unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of the second imbibition cotton (14), and the water vapor that evaporation produces moves to second and imitates and meet condensation on the condensing surface of evaporative condenser chamber and form fresh water and discharge latent heat simultaneously, and heat transmits with the mode of latent heat successively; Water vapor is met condensation at n-1 level condensing surface (27) and is formed fresh water; Fresh water is because action of gravity is slipped to n-1 level fresh-water tank (25), and the latent heat that discharges that condenses simultaneously is delivered to n metal partion (metp) (20) right flank, the seawater falling liquid film heat absorption rear section evaporation on n metal partion (metp) (20) the right side n imbibition cottons (16); The water vapor that produces moves to the condensation of the last chance of n level condensing surface (26) and forms fresh water; Produce fresh water and be slipped to n level fresh-water tank (22) along n level condensing surface (26), unevaporated concentrated seawater flows out along the lower end of n imbibition cotton (16), and the latent heat that discharges that condenses is delivered to n+1 metal partion (metp) (21) right flank; N+1 metal partion (metp) (21) right flank plays the refrigerative effect to heat release to ambient atmosphere with evaporation convection current radiating mode, and the fresh water in each fresh-water tank is derived through first step water outlet (31), n-1 level water outlet (24), n level water outlet (23) and is pooled to fresh water storage tank (6).
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| CN103964526A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Sea water desalination film adopting solar micro condensation and capillary evaporation |
| CN105439348A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Integration device capable of realizing sea water desalination by utilizing solar energy |
| CN105439349A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Solar energy sea water desalination system |
| CN105460994A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Desalination mechanism for seawater desalination device |
| WO2018196351A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-01 | 东华大学 | Novel device for photothermal evaporation of sea water by solar energy |
| CN109626470A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉大学 | Solar battery Sweat coolling and multistage seawater desalting coupled system |
| CN111874982A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-03 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with double condensers |
| CN111994985A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with water storage and condensation functions |
| CN112340799A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-09 | 北京理工大学 | Double-sided heating type solar photovoltaic/thermal seawater desalination device |
| CN115043454A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-13 | 海南晶利来光伏光热科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional array evaporator evaporation coupling triple-effect climbing film distillation seawater desalination device |
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| CN103964526A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Sea water desalination film adopting solar micro condensation and capillary evaporation |
| CN103964526B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-07-01 | 北京理工大学 | Sea water desalination film adopting solar micro condensation and capillary evaporation |
| CN105439348A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Integration device capable of realizing sea water desalination by utilizing solar energy |
| CN105439349A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Solar energy sea water desalination system |
| CN105460994A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Desalination mechanism for seawater desalination device |
| WO2018196351A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-11-01 | 东华大学 | Novel device for photothermal evaporation of sea water by solar energy |
| CN109626470A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉大学 | Solar battery Sweat coolling and multistage seawater desalting coupled system |
| CN111874982A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-03 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with double condensers |
| CN111874982B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-04-22 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with double condensers |
| CN111994985A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 孔令斌 | Solar seawater desalination device with water storage and condensation functions |
| CN112340799A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-09 | 北京理工大学 | Double-sided heating type solar photovoltaic/thermal seawater desalination device |
| CN112340799B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-03-25 | 北京理工大学 | Double-sided heating type solar photovoltaic/thermal seawater desalination device |
| CN115043454A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-13 | 海南晶利来光伏光热科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional array evaporator evaporation coupling triple-effect climbing film distillation seawater desalination device |
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