CN102548038A - Micro-power wireless networking method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-power wireless networking method, and belongs to the technical field of networking. The method comprises the network creation of a master node of a network and the network access of slave nodes. A concentrator is used for collecting the data of data acquisition equipment. The master node is the core of the whole network, and is used for creating, maintaining and managing the network, and executing the allocation of a plurality of frequency points. The slave nodes actively search for the network for access, and are allocated as different frequency points according to different father nodes to which the slave nodes are added. A wireless network system is used for transparently transmitting the data of the concentrator or the data acquisition equipment on the frequency points which are switched. The method has the advantages of simplicity, usability, stability, reliability and high anti-interference performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, be specifically related to a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network that is.
Background technology
At present, resident family improves the requirement of residential environment, estate management level day by day, and concerning electricity, water, gas, department and user, tradition meter reading method does not to the doorstep more and more satisfy the demand of resident family and administrative department.Radio meter register need not be called, and has made things convenient for resident family; Do not need the laying of fixed line, easy for installation; Can copy in real time at any time and get, improve efficient.But, the use of current domestic wireless module, most method for routing with point-to-point direct transmission and artificial specified path.Point-to-point direct transmission can only be formed star-network, and its transmission range is subject within the efficient communication scope of module, and distance is more limited; Though the method for routing of artificial specified path distance is wider; But the path can not be upgraded timely under the situation that the decay of wireless signal or node damage; Its communication efficiency exists obviously not enough aspect stability and reliability; In order to cooperate artificial specified path, have to debug repeatedly its placement location; If certain wireless module damages, have no idea to find and the location that its installation and maintenance is comparatively inconvenience all.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: to the defective that exists in the prior art, providing a kind of can carry out routing update according to the variation of wireless signal, and communication is stable, makes things convenient for the micropower wireless self-networking scheme of installation and maintenance.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for realizing above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of micropower networking method of wireless network of the present invention comprises the network host node networking and from the node two big steps that network, its concrete flow process is described below successively:
Host node networking step:
A) after concentrator powers on, concentrator at first distributes address, network numbering and alternative N channel (wherein N is an integer, N >=4) to host node;
B) after being provided with successfully, concentrator sends to host node and begins to create networking command;
C) host node is selected the cleanest channel through channel energy scanning;
D) host node carries out active scan, judges whether preset network numbering exists conflict, if conflict is arranged, then host node generates a network numbering at random, judges again; If not conflict, then networking success;
Networking step from node:
A) to be networked from node initializing, set M*N channel (wherein M is an integer, M >=3);
B) fixed address from node reading of data collecting device to be networked as the fixed address of oneself, when application networks, uses this fixed address;
C) to be networked send beacon request respectively at M*N the channel of setting from node, search for networked from node or host node;
D) networked from node or host node, receive after the beacon request, reply a beacon, tell to be networked networking from node oneself;
E) beacon of receiving at each channel from nodes records to be networked;
F) to be networked from node select one networked from node or host node as own superior node, send the request of networking, application adding network;
G) be selected as the higher level after node is received the request of networking, the fixed address from node to be networked is sent to host node;
H) host node is received to be networked behind nodal information, if checking is passed through, then writes down the information of this point, distributes one to go into net address and return agreement networking information; Otherwise, then do not write down this information, return refusal networking information;
I) to be networked receive the return information of host node from node after, judge if agree to network, then successfully add network; If disagree with networking, then search for repeating step c again) to step I) process, up to adding network.
A kind of micropower networking method of wireless network of the present invention; Also comprise channel allocation mechanism, this method is: network host node is obtained N the spendable channel of one of M group from control centre, when creating network; According to condition; From this N alternative channel, select the receive channel of P channel as host node, wherein P is an integer, and N can be divided exactly by P; , when adding network, allow and then from N-P remaining channel, to select P channel and to allow networking information to send to from node together from the node networking from node if judge.After receiving information from node, go into net state, this P channel is set to the receive channel of oneself.
A kind of micropower networking method of wireless network of the present invention; Also comprise automatic frequency-hopping mechanism, this method is: as because of reasons such as noise jamming, when causing not receiving the present networks data in the certain hour; Then node is in P receive channel; Switch to P the next one in the receive channel in order,, then switch to the 1st channel if be in last channel.Idiographic flow is: node switches to a receive channel, the timer that to start a time simultaneously be T.If in time T, node can be received the packet that sends to oneself in the present networks, and then this node increases T/2 with the time of timer; And work as timer expiry, and explain that node possibly run into noise jamming, need automatically switch to next receive channel.
A kind of micropower networking method of wireless network of the present invention also comprises a kind of internodal robust communications mechanism, and this method is:
During the intercommunication of adjacent node,
A) source node at first switches to transmitting channel one of P receive channel of destination node;
B) source node sends packet to destination node, starts a timer then, at current channel wait acknowledge bag;
C) if receive the affirmation bag, then this is communicated by letter successfully, and source node switches back the receive channel of oneself;
D) if wait timeout; Still have the receive channel of the destination node that not trial communicated by letter; Select a channel, repeating step b in the channel of then never attempting communicating by letter) to d), if all channels have all repeatedly been attempted communicating by letter; Communication failure then, source node switches back the receive channel of oneself.
E) a kind of networking method of wireless network of the present invention also comprises a kind of path selection mechanism, and this mechanism is: networked from node or host node, receive after the beacon request, reply a beacon; In beacon, include the node that networked the route cost to host node, in the bootstrap information bag that wherein host node sends, the value of route cost is 0.The calculating of route value at cost: route cost node calculates according to the RSSI value of the packet of receiving; The scope of the effective RSSI value of communicating by letter is [Rmin, Rmax], and (< < during Qlarge < Rmax), as RSSI >=Qlarge, the route cost is 1 to Qsmall to Rmin for two threshold value Qlarge and Qsmall; Work as RSSI >=Qsmall, and RSSI < during Qlarge, the route cost is 3; < during Qsmall, the route cost is 7 to RSSI; If need between two nodes to arrive through multi-hop, then the route cost between them is the route cost sum of each jumping of middle process.To be networked from node after collecting beacon, calculates and ownly arrives the route cost in the path of host node through each node that has networked, select the superior node of the node conduct oneself of route cost minimum.
A kind of micropower networking method of wireless network of the present invention also comprises path affirmation and repair process:
A) host node is being accepted certain after the node networking, and the heart beat cycle according to network system sets begins the heartbeat timing;
B) timing time then sends inquiry command to this from node to heart beat cycle;
C) should receive inquiry from node, reply;
D) if host node is received replys, confirming should be good from node communication, and then timer restarts timing, expired times clear 0;
E) if host node is not received replys, the then overtime frequency of failure adds 1, and timer is from newly picking up counting;
F) the overtime frequency of failure surpasses stipulated number, then thinks the path interruption to begin the path repair process;
G) host node is at first broadcasted one and is searched packet from node, and node is searched and comprised the node that sends this packet route value at cost and the routing information to host node in the packet, and the route value at cost that the node that host node sends is searched packet is 0;
H) receive that from node node searches after the bag,, calculate oneself route cost C to host node through the RSSI value of route cost in the packet and packet receiving; Waiting for a period of time is (BaseTime is the integral multiple of the transmission delay of a Frame) behind the BaseTime*C; In the stand-by period is in the BaseTime*C, searches bag if receive new node, calculates its route cost C '; If C ' greater than C, then directly abandons new data packets; If C ' equals C, then by the probability of 1/T with the original old packet of new packet replacement (T representes it is the packet of receiving that the route cost is identical the T time); If C ', then upgrades the time that the stand-by period is BaseTime*C '-waited for less than C, simultaneously with new packet replacement old packet.
I) wait for node judges at first whether destination node is oneself after the end,, otherwise transmit and only transmit once this packet if oneself then reply one of host node and reply according to descending path.
J) the present invention provides a kind of micropower wireless self-networking method, comprises the selection to the path, adopts the route cost, has both considered jumping figure, has considered the influence of received energy RSSI value again; To the automatic detection and the reparation in path, guarantee the reliability of communication; Employing automatic frequency-hopping mechanism, the expense when having reduced frequency hopping as required and to the influence of proper communication is used non-conterminous channel in same group, can proper communication in the time of so both can guaranteeing to be interfered, also can guarantee stability of network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the structure chart of micropower wireless self-networking
Fig. 2: the building-block of logic of micropower wireless self-networking
Fig. 3: host node is created flow through a network figure
Fig. 4: add flow through a network figure from node
Fig. 5: add the network interaction flow chart from node
Fig. 6: node frequency hopping flow chart
Fig. 7: network organization is sketch map as a result.
Embodiment
The whole system of micropower wireless self-networking by concentrator, can insert wireless from node module, form by the data acquisition equipment and the Radio Network System of fixed physical address: data acquisition equipment is responsible for information gathering; Concentrator is responsible for collecting the data of data acquisition equipment.Radio Network System is formed by host node with from node.Host node is the center of whole network, and it is responsible for setting up, the maintenance and management network; Add from node active searching network.Radio Network System is responsible for the transparent data transmission to concentrator or data acquisition equipment.
1. after concentrator powers on, the fixed address of the data acquisition equipment that needs below fixed address and the concentrator of configuration host node to network, transmission begins to create networking command then.After host node is received and created networking command,, in an alternative N channel, select P the cleanest channel through channel energy scanning.Then, host node carries out active scan, judges whether preset network numbering exists conflict, if conflict is arranged, then host node generates a network numbering at random, judges again; If not conflict, then networking success;
2. two adjacent concentrators send when creating networking command, should select different channel group for use, to avoid with disturbing frequently.
3. after data acquisition equipment powered on, from the fixed address of node fetch equipment, as the fixed address of oneself, the beginning scanning channel promptly sent beacon request respectively at M*N the channel of setting, search for networked from node or host node.Networked from node or host node, receive after the beacon request, reply a beacon, tell to be networked networking, the beacon of receiving at each channel from nodes records to be networked from node oneself.Behind the end of scan, to be networked calculates oneself route cost through the path of each node that has networked arrival host node from node, selects the superior node of the minimum node of route cost as oneself, sends the networking request, and application adds network.Be selected as the higher level after node is received the request of networking, the fixed address from node to be networked is sent to host node.Host node is received to be networked behind nodal information, if checking is passed through, then writes down the information of this point, distributes one to go into net address and return agreement networking information; Otherwise, then do not write down this information, return refusal networking information.To be networked receive the information of host node from node after, if agree to network, then successfully add network, the beginning operate as normal; If disagree with networking, then restart the flow process that networks, up to adding network.Here, as shown in Figure 7, the node in the frame of broken lines is the node in the same branch, and host node can distribute a same P channel for it, canned data amount during with minimizing node intercommunication;
4. node at first switches to a receive channel when operate as normal, the timer that to start a time simultaneously be T.If in time T, node is received a packet that belongs to present networks, and then this node increases T/2 with the time of timer; Work as timer expiry, will switch to next channel;
5. in the network normal course of operation, host node is set heart beat cycle, sends inquiry message to each from node, receive inquiry message from node after, reply.
6. if host node does not receive that continuously the number of times of replying from node surpasses the number of times of setting, then be regarded as communication disruption, begin to start the path repair process.Host node is at first broadcasted one and is searched packet from node; Receive that from node node searches after the bag, judge at first whether destination node is oneself, if oneself; Then replying one of host node according to descending path replys; Otherwise through the route cost in the packet and the RSSI value of packet receiving, calculate oneself route cost C to host node, waiting for a period of time is BaseTime*C (BaseTime is the integral multiple of the transmission delay of a Frame).In the stand-by period,, calculate its route cost C ', if C ' greater than C, then directly abandons new data packets if receive that from node new node searches bag; If C ' equals C, the probability that 1/N then arranged is with the new original old packet of packet replacement, and N representes it is the packet of receiving that the route cost is identical the N time; If C ', then upgrades the time that the stand-by period is BaseTime*C '-waited for less than C, simultaneously with new packet replacement old packet.Wait for after the end, transmit and only transmit once this packet from node.
Above content is to combine concrete execution mode to the further explain that the present invention did, and can not assert that practical implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the those of ordinary skill of technical field under the present invention, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a micropower networking method of wireless network is characterized in that, comprises the network host node networking successively and from the node two big steps that network:
Host node networking step:
After concentrator powered on, concentrator at first distributed address, network numbering and N alternative channel to host node;
After being provided with successfully, concentrator sends to host node and begins to create networking command;
Host node is selected the cleanest channel through channel energy scanning;
Host node carries out active scan, judges whether preset network numbering exists conflict, if conflict is arranged, then host node generates a network numbering at random, judges again; If not conflict, then networking success;
Networking step from node:
To be networked from node initializing, setting needs all M*N of scanning channel;
Fixed address from node reading of data collecting device to be networked as the fixed address of oneself, when application networks, uses this fixed address;
To be networked send beacon request respectively at M*N the channel of setting from node, search for networked from node or host node;
Networked from node or host node, receive after the beacon request, reply a beacon, tell to be networked networking from node oneself;
The beacon of receiving at each channel from nodes records to be networked;
To be networked selects a superior node from node or host node conduct oneself that has networked from node, sends the request of networking, application adding network;
Be selected as the higher level after node is received the request of networking, with the fixed address multi-hop from node to be networked send to host node;
Host node is received to be networked behind nodal information, if checking is passed through, then writes down the information of this point, distributes one to go into net address and return agreement networking information; Otherwise, then do not write down this information, return refusal networking information;
To be networked receive the return information of host node from node after, judge if agree to network, then successfully add network; If disagree with networking, then search for repeating step c again) to step I) process, up to adding network.
2. a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, network channel is divided into M group in advance, and (M is an integer; M >=3); Every group has N channel (N is an integer, N >=4), and network host node is in M channel group; Select the communication channel of one group of channel as present networks, adjacent network host node uses different channel group to avoid with disturbing frequently.
3. according to claim 1,2 described a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network, it is characterized in that:
Network host node is selected the receive channel of P channel as oneself from N alternative channel when creating network, wherein P is an integer, and N can be divided exactly by P;
Host node is received nodal information to be networked, and after judge to permit networking, host node will select P channel allocation to from node from N-P remaining channel, as its receive channel, sends to be networked from node with agreement networking information.
4. according to claim 1,2,3 described a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network; It is characterized in that; The node that has added networking is in P the receive channel of oneself; Is to carry out channel the cycle to switch with the time T, receives one when issuing the packet of oneself when node at a certain channel, this node will stop the time of T/2 at this channel more.
5. a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network according to claim 1 is characterized in that the concrete steps of communication process are between the adjacent node:
Source node at first switches to a receive channel of destination node;
Source node sends packet to destination node, starts a timer then, at current channel wait acknowledge bag;
If receive and confirm bag, then this is communicated by letter successfully, and source node switches back the receive channel of oneself;
If the channel that wait timeout, destination node still have not trial to communicate by letter is selected a channel in the channel of then never attempting communicating by letter; Repeating step b) to d); If all channels have all repeatedly been attempted communicating by letter, this communication failure then, source node switches back the receive channel of oneself.
6. a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; To be networked from node after collecting beacon; Calculate and write down oneself route cost, select the superior node of the minimum node conduct of route cost oneself through the path of each node that has networked arrival host node.
7. a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises path affirmation and repair process:
Host node is being accepted certain after the node networking, and the heart beat cycle according to network system sets begins the heartbeat timing;
Timing time then sends inquiry command to this from node to heart beat cycle;
Should receive inquiry from node, reply;
Reply if host node is received, confirming should be good from node communication, and then timer restarts timing, expired times clear 0;
If host node does not receive and reply that the then overtime frequency of failure adds 1, timer is from newly picking up counting;
The overtime frequency of failure surpasses stipulated number, then thinks the path interruption to begin the path repair process;
Host node is at first broadcasted one and is searched packet from node;
Receive that from node node searches after the bag, judge at first whether destination node is oneself,, otherwise transmit and only transmit once this packet if oneself then reply one of host node and reply according to descending path.
8. a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network according to claim 7; It is characterized in that, from node before forward node is searched bag, through the RSSI value of route cost in the packet and packet receiving; Calculate oneself route cost C to host node; Waiting for a period of time is (BaseTime is the integral multiple of the transmission delay of a Frame) behind the BaseTime*C, upgrades route cost and routing information, and forward node is searched bag.
9. according to claim 7,8 described a kind of micropower networking method of wireless network, it is characterized in that, is in the BaseTime*C from node in the stand-by period; Search bag if receive new node; Calculate its route cost C ', if C ' greater than C, then directly abandons new data packets; If C ' equals C, then by the probability of 1/T with the original old packet of new packet replacement (T representes it is the packet of receiving that the route cost is identical the T time); If C ', then upgrades the time that the stand-by period is BaseTime*C '-waited for less than C, simultaneously with new packet replacement old packet.
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