CN102548014B - Network access method of machine-to-machine (M2M) communication terminals - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a network access method of machine-to-machine (M2M) terminals. The network access method comprises the steps of: S1, dividing a plurality of M2M terminals into a plurality of M2M groups by a base station into so as to ensure that the M2M terminals belonging to the same M2M group have a same business type and a same service quality level; S2, electrifying the M2M terminals to realize initial uplink synchronization and keeping an uplink synchronization state; S3, calculating the channel capacity of a PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) and the channel capacity of a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) of a current system; and S4, when the M2M terminals generate uplink data to be sent, preferentially sending scheduling requests through the PRACH, and when the PRACH undergoes collision, dynamically distributing PUCCH scheduling request resources to the M2M terminals by the base station and sending the scheduling requests by the M2M terminals through the PUCCH. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the congestion of the PRACH is alleviated, and the service quality requirements of the M2M business terminals are finally met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, relate in particular to the method for the communication terminal access network of a kind of machine and machine.
Background technology
In recent years, along with being surging forward of technology of Internet of things, (M2M, the Machine to Machine) business of communicating by letter of machine and machine, as intelligent meter data recording, intelligent appliance, industry monitoring, environment measuring etc., because of its widely application prospect obtain the close attention of industry.Meanwhile, consider the feature of M2M business: 1) as terminal quantity is huge, 2) function is simple, business is single, small data quantity (< 100bytes), 3) can tolerate lower transmission rate, time delay is insensitive, 4) do not there is mobility or mobile there is regularity, 5) taking up PS business as main, 6) low frequency (> 5min) is extensive periodically reports, M2M business and the person to person's (H2H that communicates by letter, Human to Human) business obvious differences, therefore, be optimized and seem particularly necessary in conjunction with the concrete system of reality for different M2M service application.
Long Term Evolution (LTE, Long Term Evolution) system is a communication system based on scheduling.There is uplink service to be sent in the H2H of uplink synchronous state service terminal, to evolved base station (eNB, evolved NodeB) transmission buffer status report (BSR, Buffer Status Report), the cache size of reporting current each logic channel.ENB is after receiving the BSR of H2H service terminal transmission, carry out ascending resource scheduling algorithm, finally by Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH, Physical Downlink Control CHannel), ascending resource mandate (UL Resource Grant) is indicated to H2H service terminal.H2H service terminal receives after UL Grant on PDCCH channel, on corresponding ascending resource, sends data.But, also need there is UL Grant owing to sending BSR, in the situation that there is no UL Grant, trigger BSR, also cannot send this BSR, this will cause the data congestion of H2H service terminal side.In order to address this problem, LTE system allows to obtain the H2H service terminal row control channel (PUCCH physically of uplink synchronous, Physical Uplink ControlCHannel) the upper dispatch request (SR that sends, Schedule Request), ask the ascending resource of at least 4 bytes to send BSR to eNB, as shown in Figure 1.If H2H service terminal is not obtained uplink synchronous, or obtain the PUCCH SR resource that uplink synchronous does not but have eNB to distribute, or the SR sending in PUCCH SR resource exceedes maximum number of times of transmission, H2H service terminal can only be forced through Random Access Channel (PRACH, Physical Random Access CHannel) send SR, as shown in Figure 2.The basic principle that H2H service terminal sends SR is, as long as exist PUCCH SR resource not send SR by PRACH.
In conjunction with LTE communication system, when magnanimity M2M service terminal produces upstream data for a certain reason simultaneously, (report power consumption or adjust certain parameters of electric power as Utilities Electric Co. requires certain regional intelligent electric meter, or train is when certain bridge, on bridge, all the sensors all sends Monitoring Data to system server, or in the time that earthquake occurs, all seismic monitoring devices in somewhere send alarm), magnanimity M2M service terminal is owing to there is no PUCCH SR resource, can only send SR by PRACH, it is even congested that this unavoidably produces collision on PRACH, finally cause M2M QoS to can not get ensureing (3GPP TR 22.368).
Cannot ensure service access time delay for fear of initiate random access to cause RACH collision due to magnanimity M2M terminal simultaneously, the candidate solutions that main flow enterprise proposes in the world at present has several (3GPP TR 37.868) as follows:
Access grade restriction strategy (ACB, Access Class Barring Scheme).Consider that most M2M business are also insensitive to time delay, by being the special access grade of M2M service definition, control separately M2M access probability by network side, reach the object of disperseing RACH load.
Keep out of the way separately strategy (Specific Backoff Scheme).Consider that equally most M2M business are to time delay insensitive, by the special larger back off time of M2M service definition, reach the object of disperseing RACH load.
RACH resource policy (Specific RACH Resources Scheme) separately.By being the RACH resource that H2H business is different with M2M traffic assignments, reaching and avoid the impact of M2M business on common H2H business.In UMTS system, can be by being the M2M business access service grade (ASC, Access ServiceClass) different with H2H business configuration or random access signature; In LTE system, can be by being the M2M business random access guiding different with H2H business configuration or the RACH resource of time-frequency domain.
Dynamically RACH resource policy (Dynamic RACH Resources Scheme).Network side dynamically increases/reduces RACH resource to reach the compromise balance of random access delay and RACH resource utilization according to actual M2M business load.
Time slot access strategy (Slotted Access Scheme).Network side is that various M2M service terminals distribute special access slot, and every kind of M2M terminal can only, at specific access slot initiating random access procedure, reach the object of disperseing RACH load with this.
Various schemes above, be all that RACH resource (time slot/targeting sequencing) from random access procedure is distributed, community access limitation judgement and keep out of the way tactful aspect and consider prioritization scheme, object is to make M2M business that the same time triggers to avoid the peak hour and initiates random access, to reach the object of avoiding because of the congested M2M/H2H of the impact customer service of RACH Quality of Service Experience.
Existing emulation shows (R2-103742), and access grade restriction strategy is congested by forbidding that RACH has been alleviated in part M2M terminal initiation access, has but caused larger access delay; Keep out of the way strategy and be only applicable to the scene that low RACH loads; And be the independent RACH resource policy of M2M traffic assignments in severe RACH load scenarios, RACH collision probability is high.In addition, although dynamically RACH resource allocation policy is good in above-mentioned various aspects performance, it should be noted that, dynamically increase the minimizing that RACH resource must cause PUSCH resource, and have influence on the throughput of entire system.As can be seen here, existing technical scheme cannot fundamentally be alleviated magnanimity M2M service terminal and initiates random access because of business burst simultaneously and cause the congested present situation of RACH.
Under prior art scheme, in the time that magnanimity M2M service terminal produces uplink burst data simultaneously, owing to there is no PUCCH SR resource, only have by random access contention success, obtain the ascending resource mandate of eNB, could send upstream data.But because LTE TS 36.211 prescribed limits RACH channel densities are 6 to the maximum, every 10ms maximum has 6 RACH resources, and limited RACH resource makes the really requirement of satisfying magnanimity M2M uplink service access delay of existing technical scheme.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of method of M2M accessing terminal to network is provided, to alleviate the congested of PRACH channel, finally reaches the quality of service requirement of M2M service terminal.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of M2M accessing terminal to network, comprise the following steps:
S1: multiple M2M terminals are divided into multiple M2M groups by base station, makes the M2M terminal that belongs to same M2M group have identical class of service and identical service quality rating;
S2:M2M terminal powers on, and to obtain initial uplink synchronous, and keeps uplink synchronous state;
S3: PRACH and the PUCCH channel capacity of current system calculated in base station;
When S4:M2M terminal generation upstream datas etc. are to be sent, preferentially send dispatch request by PRACH channel, in the time that collision appears in PRACH channel, base station is dynamically M2M terminal distribution PUCCH dispatch request resource, and M2M terminal is passed through PUCCH channel and sent dispatch request.
Preferably, before described step S4, also comprise the step sorting to described multiple M2M groups according to the height of service quality rating in base station.
Preferably, in step S4, in the time that collision appears in PRACH channel, base station is dynamically M2M terminal distribution PUCCH dispatch request resource, and the step that M2M terminal sends dispatch request by PUCCH channel is specially:
M2M monitors PDCCH channel, and whether the dispatch request that base station detection M2M terminal sends on PRACH channel exceedes the load-threshold value of current system PRACH:
If do not exceed, base station is sent at random and is accessed and reply by PRACH channel, and M2M terminal continues to send dispatch request by PRACH channel;
If exceed, base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, is M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource; The Downlink Control Information that M2M terminal monitoring sends to PDCCH, stops random access procedure, and send dispatch request on the PUCCH of base station assigns channel; Until base station detects that the dispatch request of M2M terminal transmission is lower than the load-threshold value of current system PRACH, base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel and reclaims the PUCCH dispatch request resource of distributing; The Downlink Control Information of the recovery that M2M terminal monitoring sends to PDCCH, dynamic release PUCCH dispatch request resource.
Preferably, described base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, for the step of M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource is specially:
According to the height of M2M group service quality priority, base station, from the M2M group of limit priority, by PDCCH channel, defines new Downlink Control Information: the resource location index that can send dispatch request to each M2M terminal instruction in this M2M group; If taken in the time of PUCCH dispatch request resource in this M2M group, monitor this M2M group transmission dispatch request quantity little, show not burst service of this M2M group, again reclaim the PUCCH dispatch request resource of distributing by described new Downlink Control Information, transfer to redistribute PUCCH dispatch request resource for the M2M group of next service quality priority.
Preferably, described M2M group takies the maximum delay that time of PUCCH dispatch request resource completes uplink traffic transmission by M2M terminal in each M2M group and determines.
Preferably, after the step of the PUCCH channel capacity of described step S3 calculating current system, also comprise the step to the reserved dispatch request resource of M2M terminal.
Preferably, described base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, for the step of M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource also comprises: in the time that the PUCCH dispatch request resource to described M2M terminal to be allocated is greater than the dispatch request resource of keeping for M2M terminal of described PUCCH, expand described reserved dispatch request number of resources.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention, in the time that PRACH channel bumps, dynamically, for M2M service terminal configuration PUCCH SR resource, is alleviated the congested of PRACH channel, finally reaches the quality of service requirement of M2M service terminal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is in prior art, and terminal (UE) sends the schematic diagram of dispatch request to base station side by PUCCH channel;
Fig. 2 is in present technology, and terminal sends the schematic diagram of dispatch request to base station side by PRACH channel;
Fig. 3 is according to the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention accessing terminal to network;
Fig. 4 is that the PUCCH channel of different-format is at the distribution situation schematic diagram of frequency domain.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, that the present invention is described in detail is as follows.
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment has been recorded a kind of method of M2M accessing terminal to network, comprises the following steps:
S1: magnanimity M2M terminal is divided into multiple M2M groups by base station, makes the M2M terminal that belongs to same M2M group have identical class of service and identical service quality rating; And sort to described multiple M2M groups according to the height of service quality rating in base station;
Magnanimity M2M terminal in the present embodiment forms N M2M group after having divided, according to service quality rating order from high to low, described multiple M2M groups are sorted, make first M2M group there is limit priority, the each M2M group of N has lowest priority, in n M2M group, M2M terminal number is NUMn, and wherein n is the natural number from 1 to N.
S2: magnanimity M2M terminal powers on through initial attaching process, obtains initial uplink synchronous; Because M2M terminal has Hypomobility, therefore think that magnanimity M2M terminal remains uplink synchronous in the process of follow-up acceptance service;
S3: PRACH channel capacity and the PUCCH channel capacity of current system calculated in base station; And PUCCH channel capacity is to the reserved dispatch request resource of M2M terminal;
Wherein the calculating of PRACH channel capacity is specially: the closeness of supposing every 10 microseconds of PRACH of starter system configuration is D
rA, initial reserved leading (preamble) number of doing the random access of competition is n, calculating so the number of users that PRACH channel can carry is n*D
rA;
The capacity of described PUCCH channel is by PUCCH form 1 (PUCCH Format1, dispatch request SR sends with Format 1 form on PUCCH channel) number of users that can carry, and PUCCH form 1 number of channel that Physical Resource Block can carry (PRB-Pairs) determines.In the situation that not considering that PUCCH form 2/2a/2b and PUCCH form 1/1a/1b mixing Physical Resource Block are right, as shown in Figure 4, suppose initial base station eNB distribute to PUCCH form 1a/1b send resource original position be
the number of resources that original allocation sends to PUCCH form 2/2a/2a is
system keeps for the PRB-Pairs quantity of PUCCH form 1 to be so
suppose that, in regular circulation prefix situation, orthogonal spreading sequence number is m, the cyclic shift interval of the Zadoff-Chu sequence of support is
because the transmission of PUCCH form 1 is through the process of " orthogonal spreading sequence " and " Zadoff-Chu sequence " two subcategory number spread spectrums, so the PUCCH Format1 number of channel that PRB-Pairs can carry is
wherein
it is a number that Resource Block RB comprises subcarrier.
When S4:M2M terminal generation upstream datas etc. are to be sent, preferentially send dispatch request by PRACH channel, M2M monitors PDCCH channel, and whether the dispatch request that base station detection M2M terminal sends on PRACH channel exceedes the load-threshold value n*D of current system PRACH
rA:
If do not exceed, base station is sent at random and is accessed and reply by PRACH channel, and M2M terminal continues to send dispatch request by PRACH channel;
If exceed, estimate is that some or several M2M groups may trigger groupcall or periodically report and have a large amount of burst upstream datas etc. to be sent, start dynamic PUCCH SR resource allocation policy: base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, is M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource; The Downlink Control Information that M2M terminal monitoring sends to PDCCH, stops random access procedure, and send dispatch request on the PUCCH of base station assigns channel;
Described base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, for the step of M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource is specially:
According to the height of M2M group service quality priority, base station, from the M2M group of limit priority, by PDCCH channel, defines new Downlink Control Information: the resource location index that can send dispatch request to each M2M terminal instruction in this M2M group; If taken in the time of PUCCH dispatch request resource in this M2M group, monitor this M2M group transmission dispatch request quantity little, show not burst service of this M2M group, again reclaim the PUCCH dispatch request resource of distributing by described new Downlink Control Information, transfer to redistribute PUCCH dispatch request resource for the M2M group of next service quality priority.
Wherein, base station estimates that the maximum delay that M2M terminal in each M2M group completes uplink traffic transmission determines that described M2M group takies the time of PUCCH dispatch request resource.
In the time that the PUCCH dispatch request resource to described M2M terminal to be allocated is greater than the dispatch request resource of keeping for M2M terminal of described PUCCH, expand described reserved dispatch request number of resources.For example, in the present embodiment, according to number N UMn and the SR cycle T of M2M terminal in n the M2M group of preserving in base station
n, calculate the PRB-Pairs number that each Transmission Time Interval TTI need to join for described n M2M component and be
the maximum that the PUCCH PRB-Pairs number to M2M terminal to be allocated is calculated in base station is:
If the PUCCH PRB-Pairs of above-mentioned maximum to be allocated has outnumbered the reserved PRB-Pairs number in base station
base station is dynamically adjusted into the resource original position of distributing to PUCCH Format 1a/1b transmission
to expand described reserved dispatch request number of resources.
If base station detects the dispatch request that M2M terminal sends and returns to the load-threshold value lower than current system PRACH, estimate some or several M2M groups and may complete groupcall or periodically report, base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel and reclaims the PUCCH dispatch request resource of distributing; The Downlink Control Information of the recovery that M2M terminal monitoring sends to PDCCH, dynamic release PUCCH dispatch request resource.
The present invention, in the time that PRACH channel bumps, dynamically, for M2M service terminal configuration PUCCH SR resource, is alleviated the congested of PRACH channel, finally reaches the quality of service requirement of M2M service terminal.
Above execution mode is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. a method for M2M accessing terminal to network, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1: multiple M2M terminals are divided into multiple M2M groups by base station, makes the M2M terminal that belongs to same M2M group have identical class of service and identical service quality rating;
S2:M2M terminal powers on, and to obtain initial uplink synchronous, and keeps uplink synchronous state;
S3: PRACH and the PUCCH channel capacity of current system calculated in base station;
When S4:M2M terminal generation upstream datas etc. are to be sent, preferentially send dispatch request by PRACH channel, in the time that collision appears in PRACH channel, base station is dynamically M2M terminal distribution PUCCH dispatch request resource, and M2M terminal is passed through PUCCH channel and sent dispatch request;
In step S4, in the time that collision appears in PRACH channel, base station is dynamically M2M terminal distribution PUCCH dispatch request resource, and the step that M2M terminal sends dispatch request by PUCCH channel is specially:
M2M monitors PDCCH channel, and whether the dispatch request that base station detection M2M terminal sends on PRACH channel exceedes the load-threshold value of current system PRACH:
If do not exceed, base station is sent at random and is accessed and reply by PRACH channel, and M2M terminal continues to send dispatch request by PRACH channel;
If exceed, base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, is M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource; The Downlink Control Information that M2M terminal monitoring sends to PDCCH, stops random access procedure, and send dispatch request on the PUCCH of base station assigns channel; Until base station detects that the dispatch request of M2M terminal transmission is lower than the load-threshold value of current system PRACH, base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel and reclaims the PUCCH dispatch request resource of distributing; The Downlink Control Information of the recovery that M2M terminal monitoring sends to PDCCH, dynamic release PUCCH dispatch request resource;
Wherein, described base station sends Downlink Control Information by PDCCH channel, for the step of M2M terminal dynamic assignment PUCCH dispatch request resource is specially:
According to the height of M2M group service quality priority, base station, from the M2M group of limit priority, by PDCCH channel, defines new Downlink Control Information: the resource location index that sends dispatch request to each M2M terminal instruction in this M2M group; If taken in the time of PUCCH dispatch request resource in this M2M group, monitor this M2M group transmission dispatch request quantity little, show not burst service of this M2M group, again reclaim the PUCCH dispatch request resource of distributing by described new Downlink Control Information, transfer to redistribute PUCCH dispatch request resource for the M2M group of next service quality priority.
2. the method for M2M accessing terminal to network as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step sorting to described multiple M2M groups according to the height of service quality rating in base station before described step S4.
3. the method for M2M accessing terminal to network as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described M2M group takies the maximum delay that time of PUCCH dispatch request resource completes uplink traffic transmission by M2M terminal in each M2M group and determines.
4. the method for M2M accessing terminal to network as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the step that described step S3 calculates the PUCCH channel capacity of current system also comprises the step to the reserved dispatch request resource of M2M terminal afterwards.
5. the method for M2M accessing terminal to network as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the time that the PUCCH dispatch request resource to described M2M terminal to be allocated is greater than the dispatch request resource of keeping for M2M terminal of described PUCCH, expand described reserved dispatch request number of resources.
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