CN102525457B - Device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues - Google Patents
Device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues Download PDFInfo
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- CN102525457B CN102525457B CN 201210007934 CN201210007934A CN102525457B CN 102525457 B CN102525457 B CN 102525457B CN 201210007934 CN201210007934 CN 201210007934 CN 201210007934 A CN201210007934 A CN 201210007934A CN 102525457 B CN102525457 B CN 102525457B
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Abstract
The invention provides a simple and effective device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues. The device comprises a cube shell which is made of insulation materials, and the top of the cube shell can be opened. Except the top, centers of other five surfaces of the cube shell are respectively embedded with an electrode, a conductive side of each electrode faces toan inner cavity of the cube shell, the plane of the conductive side of each electrode is coincident with the corresponding inner side surface of the cube shell, and leads of the electrodes respectively penetrate through surfaces, with the electrodes, of the cube shell and are led outwards. Each electrode tightly clings to the corresponding surface, with the electrode, of the shell without gaps. The device can measure anisotropy of the electric impedance characteristics of the biological tissues. The positions of the electrodes of the device are fixed relatively, and influence to measured results due to change of the positions of the electrodes during measurement is avoided. Contact conditions of the electrodes and measured tissues during every measurement are similar, and accordingly influence to the measured results due to change of contact resistance is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the bio-electrical impedance measuring field in the biomedical engineering, be mainly used in the electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissue is measured.
Background technology
Bio-electrical impedance measuring (Bioelectrical Impedance Measuring, BIM) technology is a kind of electrical characteristics (impedance, capacitive reactance) and variation thereof that utilizes biological tissue, extracts a kind of not damaged detection technique of the biomedical information relevant with the organism physiological situation.The specific region of this technology around the tested tissue a series of electrodes of arranging, apply pumping signal by some electrodes wherein, gather the exciter response of remaining some electrodes, calculate the concrete numerical value of biological tissue's impedance, capacitive reactance by certain algorithm, then by experiment the physiologic information of biological tissue's impedance operator and biological tissue is connected, finally measure the physiological conditions of inferring biological tissue by the impedance situation to biological tissue.
As far back as 1871, Germany scientist Herman just successfully measured the resistance of skeletal muscle, and found that electric current during by skeletal muscle, presents different resistance values along different directions.Although this strong anisotropy of biological tissue's electrical characteristics is well-known, in the document that can find at present, seldom can see the treatise of the research that the anisotropy of utilizing biological tissue is correlated with.The anisotropy of electrical characteristics is very important characteristics of biological tissue, different biological tissues has different anisotropy, 4～9 times of longitudinal electrical resistance such as the lateral resistance of skeletal muscle, and common fatty tissue can both keep preferably isotropism in all directions basically such as blood etc.Same biological tissue also can show different anisotropy under different physiological statuss.
Chinese patent 200610161085.7 provides the electrode that is used for biological tissue's impedance measurement, but does not consider the anisotropy of biological tissue in measuring.Chinese patent 200680019531.9,200680019532.3 anisotropy is not considered as a main factor that affects measurement result when the device of introducing or measuring method are measured biological tissue yet, also can carry out the measurement of biological tissue's electrical anisotropy although utilize in theory above three each and every one patents, but the process of measuring meeting more complicated, and owing to can't guarantee each relative position of measuring, the result's that different time is measured concordance can be poor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of device that simply and effectively is used for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues, particularly utilize this device can measure the anisotropy of electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues, it is characterized in that, and comprise a square housing.The square housing adopts insulant to make, and the end face of square housing can be opened.Except end face, other five face centers all are embedded with an electrode, electrodes conduct one side is towards square housing inner chamber, and plane, electrodes conduct one side place overlaps with the medial surface of place square housing, the wire of each electrode pass its separately place square housing towards outside draw.Fit tightly between the housing face at each electrode and place, do not stay the slit.
Preferably, described electrode is the round sheet electrode, and the diameter of electrode is less than or equal to the thickness of square housing.
Preferably, the length and width of described square housing inner chamber are high is 1 centimetre.
Preferably, described square housing adopts the lucite material, and thickness is greater than or equal to 2 millimeters.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues provided by the invention, simple in structure, can measure the electrical impedance characteristics of various biological tissues easily.
1, the present invention is equipped with electrode in 5 sides of square housing, and the arrangement mode of electrode has the three dimensions feature, therefore can detect anisotropic situation.
2, the electrode in the described device is fixed on the square housing of an insulation, has guaranteed the fixing of electrode relative position, has got rid of electrode position in measuring and has changed impact on measurement result.
3, because electrode position is fixed, and the shape of described device is fixed so that in each the measurement between electrode and tested tissue to contact situation similar, reduced the impact of contact resistance variation on measurement result.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereo appearance figure of a certain specific embodiment of device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of the described device of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the profilograph of the described device of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a certain specific embodiment of device of the present invention is except end face 106, combines closely in the front 101 of square housing, back 102, the left side 103, the right side 104,105 5 planes, bottom surface.End face 106 does not contain electrode, can open; Also can cover, the square housing that consists of with other five planes when covering is airtight.The end face 106 of this specific embodiment adopts removably, and namely end face 106 is independent with other faces, can disassemble separately, becomes described open mode.End face 106 also can by a rotating shaft be fixed in front 101, back 102, the left side 103, the right side 104 certain the one side on, by raising to realize described open mode.
From Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, can see, the inboard centre of front 101, back 102, the left side 103, the right side 104, bottom surface 105 is being inlayed respectively electrode 201, electrode 202, electrode 203, electrode 204, electrode 205, the electrodes conduct one side overlaps with the medial surface of electrode place square housing, combine closely between electrode and the square housing, if there is the gap, then fill with insulating cements such as glass cements.The wire 301,302,303,304,305 of each electrode pass its separately place square housing towards outside draw external driving source or measuring device.
Adopt described device to carry out the method for bio-electrical impedance feature measurement as follows:
The first step, sampling.If tested tissue is solid, gets with the identical shaped tested tissue sample of the inner chamber of described square housing and place described device.If tested tissue is liquid or colloid, the measured object of getting with the same volume of inner chamber of described square housing places described device.
Second step is measured.The closed square housing makes end face 106 and combines closely with front 101, back 102, the left side 103, the right side 104.Exciting current is added from any two pairs of electrodes, measure the electromotive force between other any two pairs of electrodes.
For describing unification, suppose that the exciting current that driving source sends in ten measuring processs below all flows into from the less electrode of numbering, the electrode larger from numbering flows out, and will number less electrode during measurement as the reference point of electromotive force.
The 2.1st) step, the current excitation source is connected on 201,202 two electrodes, be that exciting current flows into from the less electrode 201 of numbering, the electrode 202 larger from numbering flows out, and measures 203,204,203,205,204,205 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively A1, A2, A3.
The 2.2nd) in the step, the current excitation source is connected on 201,203 two electrodes, measures 202,204,202,205,204,205 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively B1, B2, B3.
The 2.3rd) the current excitation source is connected on 201,204 two electrodes, measures 202,203,202,205,203,205 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively C1, C2, C3.
The 2.4th) the current excitation source is connected on 201,205 two electrodes, measures 202,203,202,204,203,204 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively D1, D2, D3.
The 2.5th) the current excitation source is connected on 202,203 two electrodes, measures 201,204,201,205,204,205 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively E1, E2, E3.
The 2.6th) the current excitation source is connected on 202,204 two electrodes, measures 201,203,201,205,203,205 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively F1, F2, F3.
The 2.7th) the current excitation source is connected on 202,205 two electrodes, measures 201,203,201,204,203,204 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively G1, G2, G3.
The 2.8th) the current excitation source is connected on 203,204 two electrodes, measures 201,202,201,205,202,205 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively H1, H2, H3.
The 2.9th) the current excitation source is connected on 203,205 two electrodes, measures 201,202,201,204,202,204 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively I1, I2, I3.
The 2.20th) the current excitation source is connected on 204,205 two electrodes, measures 201,202,201,203,202,203 3 groups of interelectrode electromotive forces, record these three electrode data and be respectively J1, J2, J3.Whole measuring process finishes.
Above 2.1) to 2.10) each step used a kind of energisation mode, always has 10 kinds of energisation modes, and every kind of energisation mode has 3 measurement data, whole measurement obtains 30 data altogether, the result is remembered in a matrix, as the electrical feature matrix of this tissue, such as formula one.
Formula one has comprised the information of biological tissue's electrical anisotropy, it is further processed can extracts more simple and clear data.
For example, to formula one, can carry out following analysis:
1. if the electrical feature matrix that adopts device of the present invention and described method to record possesses characteristic: A1=0, A2=A3, B2=B3, C2=C3, D1=D2, D3=0, E2=E3, F2=F3, G1=G2, G3=0, H1=0, H2=H3, I1=0, I2=I3, J1=0, J2=J3.The electrical characteristics that tested tissue then is described possess strict isotropism.
2. define the anisotropy of the electrical characteristics of a parameter " W " characterizing tissues, formula two is seen in the definition of W.
W＝(A1)
2+(A2-A3)
2+(B2-B3)
2+(C2-C3)
2+(D1-D2)
2
+ (D3)
2+ (E2-E3)
2+ (F2-F3)
2+ (G1-G2)
2+ (G3)
2+ (formula two)
(H1)
2+(H2-H3)
2+(I1)
2+(I2-I3)
2+(J1)
2+(J2-J3)
2
To any one biological tissue, measure its eigenmatrix such as formula by adopting described device and measuring method, by formula two calculate the W value again.The electrical anisotropy of the larger explanation tissue of W value is stronger, organizes near-isotropic if the W value is approximately 0 explanation.
The electrical feature matrix of more than having introduced for the tissue that uses described device and described measuring method to measure is further processed and the method for using.Use described device and described method to carry out one-shot measurement for a kind of tissue and can access one group of totally 30 data, can use more more flexibly methods data to be processed to bring into play better the effect of described device and described measuring method.Need to prove, the present invention not only is confined to the application of tissue, also can be used for the impedance measurement to animal tissue, plant tissue or even various colloid, liquid.
Claims (4)
1. a device that is used for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues is characterized in that, a square housing adopts insulant to make, and the end face of square housing can be opened; Except end face, other five face centers all are embedded with an electrode, electrodes conduct one side is towards square housing inner chamber, and plane, electrodes conduct one side place overlaps with the medial surface of place square housing, the wire of each electrode pass its separately place square housing towards outside draw; Fluid-tight engagement between the face at each electrode and place is not stayed the slit.
2. the device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described electrode is the round sheet electrode, and the diameter of electrode is less than or equal to the thickness of square housing.
3. the device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the length of described square housing inner chamber is one centimetre.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described devices for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues, it is characterized in that, described square housing adopts the lucite material, and thickness is greater than or equal to two millimeters.
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| CN 201210007934 CN102525457B (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2012-01-11 | Device for measuring electrical impedance characteristics of biological tissues |
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| TWI542324B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2016-07-21 | 國立交通大學 | 3d electrical impedance tomography method |
| CN111493845B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2024-01-16 | 上海掌门科技有限公司 | Pulse acquisition device |
| CN113273989B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-14 | 广东工业大学 | Bioelectrical impedance measuring device and method |
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| IL163684A0 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2005-12-18 | Given Imaging Ltd | Measurement of electrical characteristics of tissue |
| GB0511323D0 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2005-07-13 | Sheffield Teaching Hospitals | Apparatus for measuring tissue sample electrical impedance |
| GB0511289D0 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2005-07-13 | Sheffield Teaching Hospitals | Method and probe for measuring the impedance of human or animal body tissue |
| CN100584269C (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2010-01-27 | 重庆博恩富克医疗设备有限公司 | Bio-electrical impedance measuring electrode and measuring method |
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| 付峰等.生物组织复阻抗谱测量系统设计及实现.《医疗卫生装备》.2003,(第7期), |
| 生物组织复阻抗谱测量系统设计及实现;付峰等;《医疗卫生装备》;20031231(第7期);第7-8页 * |
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