CN102521014B - Deploying method and deploying device for virtual machine - Google Patents
Deploying method and deploying device for virtual machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102521014B CN102521014B CN201110401608.1A CN201110401608A CN102521014B CN 102521014 B CN102521014 B CN 102521014B CN 201110401608 A CN201110401608 A CN 201110401608A CN 102521014 B CN102521014 B CN 102521014B
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Abstract
The invention provides a deploying method and a deploying device for a virtual machine. The method includes the steps: receiving request to deploy the virtual machine, wherein the request carries virtual machine image file identification used in deployment of the virtual machine; acquiring stored information of corresponding virtual machine image files from a distributed file system according to the virtual machine image file identification, wherein the distributed file system comprises a local storage of a plurality computing nodes; and selecting the computing nodes for deploying the virtual machine according to the stored information and load information of the computing nodes, and deploying the virtual machine on the selected computing nodes. The deploying device for the virtual machine comprises a receiving module, an acquiring module and a deploying module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to virtual machine technique field, particularly relate to a kind of dispositions method and device of virtual machine.
Background technology
Virtual machine (Hypervisor) technology.The packaging effects of virtual machine, manageability make user can build according to the computation requirement of oneself software runtime environment being applicable to calculation task.The computing environment of the virtual computer environment that the transparency of virtual machine and isolation make user build and host is isolated, and the virtual computation environmental that different user builds is mutually isolated, ensures can not affect each other between each computer environment, independent operating.Network virtualization technology is equally based on virtual and network application, make host network environment can build the stacked virtual machine network of isolating for virtual machine, allow and be in different segment, the virtual machine of different main frame can go out in identical virtual network environment, and that works in coordination with each other completes various calculation task.Two above-mentioned Intel Virtualization Technologies combine, and make structure dynamically scalable, the computing environment of user customizable becomes possibility.User can utilize the technology of network virtualization, to the virtual machine on different physical computing nodes be run on, form a Virtual Cluster by certain internetwork connection mode, manage at the United Dispatching of user and perform calculation task, arrive on-demand computing, the object of efficient calculation.Due to the feature such as isolation, packaging effects of virtual machine technique itself, user without the need to paying close attention to physical resource itself, only according to computation requirement transparent carry out Dynamical Deployment to create satisfactory Virtual Cluster.And according to the dynamic change of computing environment and self-demand, the efficient allocation of resource and online migration is carried out according to certain scheduling strategy, which provides a kind of customized computing environment, online migrating technology also can improve the reliability of system and dynamically carry out load balancing simultaneously.Thus the Virtual Cluster created, compared with physical cluster, has stronger dirigibility, is also easier to configuration and management.Show through evaluation and test, compared with physical cluster, the performance loss of Virtual Cluster is generally less than 10%.
The form of virtual machine image is varied, and at present the main formatted file adopted is QCOW (namely carrying out the read-write of data based on the form of COPY ON WRITE).Namely one is had based on image file (BASE), the read-write form of this virtual machine manager to this mirror image is read-only, the reading of data directly can be carried out from this mirror image, but when needs write data in this mirror image, the data block at the data place that needs will write copies, generate a new file COW, then at write and the retouching operation of the enterprising row data of COW.The elementary cell that data store is cluster, and each cluster is made up of soon several, and each piece accounts for 512 bytes.Feature is when file reading, directly reads from former mirror image, but in time will carrying out write operation to former mirror image, needs block corresponding in mirror image to copy portion, then in duplicated piece, carry out write operation.Then QCOW file can increase along with the increase of content by small documents from the beginning dynamically gradually.
Memory mechanism under virtual computation environmental stores and efficient management the optimization of virtual machine image.Virtual machine image is as the key factor of the deployment Virtual Cluster under virtual computation environmental.How effectively to manage in fact existing the important indicator becoming system quality, good mirror image organizational form should be ensured, again by the storage of mirror image science, reach the object of efficiency utilization and rapid deployment, reduce system running pressure.Several storage schemes that current academia and industry member exist under virtual computation environmental are as follows: (1) this locality stores, and makes full use of the storage space of computing node, image file is downloaded to this locality completely.Which enhance the read or write speed of virtual machine to image file, avoid the labile factor in Internet Transmission simultaneously, but also there is very large deficiency, when system scale constantly expands, the read-write pressure of computing node is larger, and be not easy to the real-time migration that virtual machine is online, because when virtual machine (vm) migration, need to transmit a large amount of image files.(2) in order to improve the reusability of mirror image, mostly adopt such as, based on distributed storage solution, NFS, MFS etc. when storing.Substantially avoid large-scale data transmission during virtual machine (vm) migration like this, be conducive to the centralized management of virtual disk simultaneously.But in some cases, but left unused the storage space of a large amount of computing node, causes waste to a certain degree.
Comprehensive above-mentioned introduction can be found out, current storage system also exists problems: (1) does not make full use of local disk storage space, result in the serious waste of storage.(2) do not consider the data relationship between virtual machine image, file system does not understand contact each other, causes arbitrarily putting of image file, is unfavorable for the read-write of virtual machine to image file.(3) do not consider the service condition of virtual disk, cause the problem that memory access focus is concentrated.(4) not using the principal element that the storage and distribution situation of disk calculates as deployment, cause calculating and storing mismatch, add the burden of Internet Transmission.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of dispositions method and device of virtual machine, in order to solve the problems of the prior art.
The invention provides a kind of dispositions method of virtual machine, comprising:
Receive the request disposing virtual machine, in described deployment request, carry the virtual machine image file mark of disposing virtual machine and using;
Obtain the storage information of corresponding virtual machine image file in distributed file system according to described virtual machine image file mark, described distributed file system is stored by this locality of multiple computing node and forms;
According to the load information of described storage information and described multiple computing node, select the computing node disposing described virtual machine, and the computing node deploy virtual machine selected.
The present invention also provides a kind of deployment devices of virtual machine, comprising:
Receiver module, for receiving the request disposing virtual machine, carries the virtual machine image file mark of disposing virtual machine and using in described deployment request;
Obtain module, for obtaining the storage information of corresponding virtual machine image file in distributed file system according to described virtual machine image file mark, described distributed file system is stored by this locality of multiple computing node and forms;
Deployment module, for the load information according to described storage information and described multiple computing node, selects the computing node disposing described virtual machine, and the computing node deploy virtual machine selected.
The dispositions method of virtual machine provided by the invention and device, can accurately in conjunction with image file in the distribution situation of each memory node and in conjunction with the service condition such as internal memory, storage, processor of computing node, rational deployment virtual machine, and the image file COW of virtual machine is reasonably stored, better support the efficient computing of virtual machine.Both take full advantage of the storage resources of computing node, be conducive to again the operations such as the migration of virtual machine, greatly reduce the cost that virtual computing is disposed, for each scientific research institution provides the experiment porch of a high performance-price ratio.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The dispositions method process flow diagram of the virtual machine that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the distributed file system that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The process flow diagram of the step 103 that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The deployment devices structural representation of the virtual machine that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The dispositions method process flow diagram of the virtual machine that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises:
The deployment devices (as client computer) of step 101, virtual machine receives the request disposing virtual machine, carries virtual machine image file (BASE) mark of disposing virtual machine and using in this request;
In a kind of situation, the deployment devices of virtual machine can provide the mutual of web interface, and user can select used virtual machine image file mark according to the demand of self disposing virtual machine.
Step 102, obtain the storage information of corresponding virtual machine image file in distributed file system according to virtual machine image file mark, this distributed file system is made up of the communal space of multiple computing node.
The structural representation of the distributed file system that the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 2 provides, this locality of oneself stores by computing node in Fig. 2 respectively shares, and this locality after sharing stores can distribute use by a unified Controlling vertex.
The method specifically setting up distributed file system can comprise: this locality is stored as the storage aspiration in distributed file system, namely computing node serves as the XM of task, contributes idle idle storage resources simultaneously; Propose calculation task by door to system, this distributed file system completes the support to virtual machine life cycle.
Step 103, according to the load information storing information and multiple computing node, select the computing node disposing virtual machine, and the computing node deploy virtual machine selected.
Wherein, can comprise at the computing node deploy virtual machine selected: generate an XML file according to the configuration of user and the calculating of system, wherein have recorded the type of mirror image, and the configuration information such as the internal memory of virtual machine, processor.Virtual machine manager can generate corresponding virtual machine instance according to this configuration file at the computing node selected.Also indicate in this configuration file and newly-generated image file COW is stored in distributed file system.
It should be noted that, in step 103, in the process of the computing node deploy virtual machine selected, can also comprise:
The computing node selected sends a notification message to Controlling vertex, carries the node identification of the computing node that this has been selected and the COW file identification of virtual machine in this notification message; This computing node of having selected receives the Indication message that Controlling vertex sends, and carries the information on the computing node that the COW Documents Department of virtual machine to be deployed in and to have selected in this Indication message.
Concrete, above-mentioned information is sent to the Controlling vertex of distributed file system, and is accepted by the process of Controlling vertex; This information is reported by the process of receiving information, according to this information, the COW file of newly-generated virtual machine image is carried out distributed storage at this computing node selected, stores a backup of COW file at this node, be convenient to the read and write access of virtual machine read data.
Under a kind of embodiment, the process flow diagram of step 103 as shown in Figure 3, this step 103 can comprise:
The weights that step 103a, basis are preset, are weighted storage information and load information;
Step 103b, calculate the support achievement data of each computing node according to the storage information after weighting and the load information after weighting.
Wherein, this storage information can be the distributed quantity of virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each node, and it is one or more that the load information of computing node at least comprises in the disk utilization rate of each computing node, cpu busy percentage and memory usage.It should be noted that, virtual machine image file (BASE) can be divided into multiple data block, and each data block can be backed up repeatedly, each computing node can store one or more data blocks of BASE.Distributed quantity mentioned here is the quantity of data block.
Concrete, the distribution record of each data block on each computing node of image file can be collected by system tool; Record is analyzed, the number of times that the data block counting image file occurs at each computing node; Count the maximal value that image file block stores number on each node, and storage, internal memory, minimum value in processor utilization.Support achievement data according to each computing node of following formulae discovery: A
i=Q
i/ Q
max* M%+D
min/ Di*N%+C
min/ C
i* L%+M
min/ M
i* P%;
Wherein, A
ibe the support achievement data of i-th computing node, suppose that virtual machine image file be Q, Q distributed quantity in i-th computing node is Q
i, the maximal value of Q distributed quantity in whole computing node is Q
max, the disk utilization rate of i-th computing node is D
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of disk utilization rate is D
min, the memory usage of i-th computing node is M
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of memory usage is M
min, the cpu busy percentage of i-th computing node is C
i, the minimum value C of cpu busy percentage in whole computing node
min, M%, N%, L% and P% are respectively the weights preset of the distributed quantity of virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each node, disk utilization rate, the utilization rate of CPU and the utilization rate of internal memory.
The dispositions method of the virtual machine that the present invention proposes, the method has following characteristics and advantages relative to traditional dispositions method: (1) adopts a kind of extendability strong, the system architecture that space utilisation is high.Memory node dynamically adds, and does not affect the work of other node, can make full use of the storage space of computing node.(2) according to memory state and system load, realize calculating and the deployment mechanisms storing mutual perception.Take full advantage of local storage space, the loading condition of coupling system entirety, reasonably arranges computing node, makes virtual machine can read local data in distributed file system, improve the performance of virtual computing simultaneously.
The deployment devices structural representation of the virtual machine that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the deployment devices of this virtual machine can comprise: receiver module 401, acquisition module 402 and deployment module 403.Wherein, receiver module 401 disposes the request of virtual machine for receiving, the virtual machine image file mark of disposing virtual machine and using is carried in this request, obtain module 402 for obtaining the storage information of corresponding virtual machine image file in distributed file system according to virtual machine image file mark, this distributed file system is stored by this locality of multiple computing node and forms, deployment module 403 is for the load information according to the information of storage and multiple computing node, select the computing node disposing this virtual machine, and the computing node deploy virtual machine selected.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, this deployment module 403 can comprise: weighted units and computing unit.Wherein, weighted units is used for, according to the weights preset, being weighted storage information and load information; Computing unit is used for the support achievement data calculating each computing node according to the storage information after weighting and the load information after weighting.This storage information comprises the distributed quantity of virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each node, and it is one or more that the load information of node at least comprises in the disk utilization rate of each computing node, CPU usage and memory usage.
Above-mentioned computing unit calculates action as follows for performing:
A
i＝Q
i/Q
max*M％+
Dmin/Di*N％+C
min/C
i*L％+M
min/M
i*P％；
Wherein, A
ibe the support achievement data of i-th computing node, suppose that virtual machine image file be Q, Q distributed quantity in i-th computing node is Q
i, the maximal value of Q distributed quantity in whole computing node is Q
max, the disk utilization rate of i-th computing node is D
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of disk utilization rate is D
min, the memory usage of i-th computing node is M
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of memory usage is M
min, the cpu busy percentage of i-th computing node is C
i, the minimum value C of cpu busy percentage in whole computing node
min, M%, N%, L% and P% are respectively the weights preset of the distributed quantity of virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each node, disk utilization rate, the utilization rate of CPU and the utilization rate of internal memory.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step realizing said method embodiment can have been come by the hardware that programmed instruction is relevant, aforesaid program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, this program, when performing, performs the step comprising said method embodiment; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD etc. various can be program code stored medium.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (2)
1. a dispositions method for virtual machine, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receive the request disposing virtual machine, in described request, carry the virtual machine image file mark of disposing virtual machine and using;
Obtain the storage information of corresponding virtual machine image file in distributed file system according to described virtual machine image file mark, described distributed file system is stored by this locality of multiple computing node and forms;
According to the load information of described storage information and described multiple computing node, select the computing node disposing described virtual machine, and the computing node deploy virtual machine selected;
The described load information according to described storage information and described multiple computing node, select the computing node disposing described virtual machine, comprising:
According to the weights preset, storage information and load information are weighted;
The support achievement data of each computing node is calculated according to the storage information after weighting and the load information after weighting;
Described storage information comprises the distributed quantity of described virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each computing node, and it is one or more that the load information of described computing node at least comprises in the disk utilization rate of each computing node, cpu busy percentage and memory usage;
The described support achievement data calculating each computing node according to the storage information after weighting and the load information after weighting, comprising:
A
i＝Q
i/Q
max*M％+D
min/Di*N％+C
min/C
i*L％+M
min/M
i*P％；
Wherein, A
ibe the support achievement data of i-th computing node, suppose that virtual machine image file be Q, Q distributed quantity in i-th computing node is Q
i, the maximal value of Q distributed quantity in whole computing node is Q
max, the disk utilization rate of i-th computing node is D
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of disk utilization rate is D
min, the memory usage of i-th computing node is M
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of memory usage is M
min, the cpu busy percentage of i-th computing node is C
i, the minimum value C of cpu busy percentage in whole computing node
min, M%, N%, L% and P% are respectively the weights preset of the distributed quantity of virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each computing node, disk utilization rate, cpu busy percentage and memory usage;
Described distributed file system has Controlling vertex, then described in the process of the computing node deploy virtual machine selected, described method also comprises:
The described computing node selected sends a notification message to described Controlling vertex, carries the node identification of self and the COW file identification of virtual machine in described notification message;
The described computing node selected receives the Indication message that described Controlling vertex sends, and carries the information on the computing node selected described in the COW Documents Department of described virtual machine being deployed in described Indication message.
2. a deployment devices for virtual machine, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiver module, for receiving the request disposing virtual machine, carries the virtual machine image file mark of disposing virtual machine and using in described request;
Obtain module, for obtaining the storage information of corresponding virtual machine image file in distributed file system according to described virtual machine image file mark, described distributed file system is stored by this locality of multiple computing node and forms;
Deployment module, for the load information according to described storage information and described multiple computing node, selects the computing node disposing described virtual machine, and the computing node deploy virtual machine selected;
Wherein, described deployment module comprises:
Weighted units, for according to the weights preset, is weighted storage information and load information;
Computing unit, for calculating the support achievement data of each computing node according to the storage information after weighting and the load information after weighting;
Described storage information comprises the distributed quantity of described virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each computing node, and it is one or more that the load information of described computing node at least comprises in the disk utilization rate of each computing node, cpu busy percentage and memory usage;
Described computing unit calculates action as follows for performing:
A
i＝Q
i/Q
max*M％+D
min/Di*N％+C
min/C
i*L％+M
min/M
i*P％；
Wherein, A
ibe the support achievement data of i-th computing node, suppose that virtual machine image file be Q, Q distributed quantity in i-th computing node is Q
i, the maximal value of Q distributed quantity in whole computing node is Q
max, the disk utilization rate of i-th computing node is D
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of disk utilization rate is D
min, the memory usage of i-th computing node is M
i, in whole computing node, the minimum value of memory usage is M
min, the cpu busy percentage of i-th computing node is C
i, the minimum value C of cpu busy percentage in whole computing node
min, M%, N%, L% and P% are respectively the weights preset of the distributed quantity of virtual machine image file in distributed file system on each computing node, disk utilization rate, cpu busy percentage and memory usage;
Wherein, described distributed file system has Controlling vertex, further, in the process of the described computing node deploy virtual machine selected, also comprises:
The described computing node selected sends a notification message to described Controlling vertex, carries the node identification of self and the COW file identification of virtual machine in described notification message;
The described computing node selected receives the Indication message that described Controlling vertex sends, and carries the information on the computing node selected described in the COW Documents Department of described virtual machine being deployed in described Indication message.
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103795759B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 北京搜狐新媒体信息技术有限公司 | The dispatching method and system of a kind of virtual machine image file |
| CN102981929B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-11-25 | 曙光云计算技术有限公司 | The management method of disk mirroring and system |
| CN103167041B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-04-20 | 广州中国科学院软件应用技术研究所 | A kind ofly support the system and method that the automation of cloud environment application cluster is disposed |
| CN104239159A (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-24 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Virtual machine maintenance system and method |
| CN104050015B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2018-01-19 | 国家计算机网络与信息安全管理中心 | A kind of system of virtual machine image storage distribution |
| CN105471959A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2016-04-06 | 汉柏科技有限公司 | Starting method and device of virtual machine in cluster network |
| CN110806920B (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2022-12-13 | 华为云计算技术有限公司 | Mirror image deployment method and device |
| CN106406978B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-11-10 | 宝信软件(武汉)有限公司 | Private cloud virtual machine template automatic manufacturing device and method |
| CN108255570B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2021-06-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Virtual machine migration method, device and system between heterogeneous virtual machine monitor platforms |
| CN108399083B (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2021-04-30 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | System deployment method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN107102890A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-08-29 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | The moving method and moving apparatus of a kind of virtual machine |
| CN109344001B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-01-11 | 广东微云科技股份有限公司 | Concurrent backup method and system for virtual machine files |
| CN109462508B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-06-01 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Node deployment method, device and storage medium |
| CN116719614A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-09-08 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Virtual machine monitor selection method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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