CN102496178B - Three-dimensional smoke density field generating method based on single-viewpoint images - Google Patents
Three-dimensional smoke density field generating method based on single-viewpoint images Download PDFInfo
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- CN102496178B CN102496178B CN201110328546.6A CN201110328546A CN102496178B CN 102496178 B CN102496178 B CN 102496178B CN 201110328546 A CN201110328546 A CN 201110328546A CN 102496178 B CN102496178 B CN 102496178B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional smoke density field generating method based on single-viewpoint images. Three-dimensional smoke density field can be regenerated on a computer by the aid of data of smoke images shot from a single viewpoint to create three-dimensional animation of smoke. The method includes: firstly, using the image segmentation method to segment existing smoke data into local smokes; secondly, computing principal direction and outline basis function of each local smoke according to the local smokes; thirdly, using the proceduring method to generate the three-dimensional density fields of the local smokes according to the principal direction and outline basis function of each local smoke; and fourthly, joining the three-dimensional density fields to generate a continuous three-dimensional smoke density field. The three-dimensional smoke density field generating method based on single-viewpoint images has the advantages that firstly, data acquisition is simple, and only one camera is used for acquiring smoke data from one viewpoint; and secondly, processing is quick, and the three-dimensional smoke density field can be generated in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer animation field, specifically, is a kind of method that generates Three-dimensional smoke density field based on single view image.
Background technology
The modeling and rendering of sense of reality object is the emphasis of graphics research always, is also the core content of the application such as virtual reality.In recent years, the real-world object modeling based on camera and method for reconstructing become the active study hotspot of computer graphics and computer vision field.Modeling based on image has the higher sense of reality, especially for complicated spontaneous phenomenon, as motion of the reflecting attribute of the geometric configuration of trees and flower, people's hair and skin, people and clothing etc.These phenomenons or object, due to its complicacy, are often difficult to efficiently really carry out modeling by traditional modeling pattern such as analytic expression, mathematical model.
Participate in medium, as cigarette, mist, atmosphere etc., the sense of reality of enhanced scene fully in virtual environment.Light is participating in Propagation, has experienced abundant and complicated illumination variation, gives the strong sense of reality and feeling of immersion.At present, a lot of achievements in research have been obtained for the geometrical Modeling Technology of solid body; For the participation medium with dynamic fluid characteristic, as the modeling work of smog is compared, the former is less.In research real world, the vision of smog is obtained and theoretical method and the gordian technique of modeling, and the application that promotes sense of reality attribute to be modeled in digitizing technique field is had to important scientific meaning and using value.
The modeling and rendering that participates in medium is focus and the difficult point of field of Computer Graphics in recent years.For participation medium heterogeneous, as the cigarette of motion, its modeling pattern is mainly based on physical simulation for a long time.According to original state and physical equation, draw the density field data of cigarette on each timing node by the method for numerical evaluation.Its shortcoming is also very obvious, and numerical calculations amount is large on the one hand, and each frame need to be separated partial differential equation, and very sensitive for parameter; On the other hand, for the complicated minutia of the cigarette moving, what the method for simulation cannot be detailed shows.Method based on image has inborn advantage to the processing of these aspects, directly remove to gather and catch real medium, abundant ins and outs in reservation real phenomena that can be complete or real-world object, and calculating strength is also less than or is equivalent to the method for the numerical simulation based on physics.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of generation method of the Three-dimensional smoke density field based on single view image, use the smog data that gather from single view, by procedural method, build the three-dimensional density field of smog, realize the modeling to smog.
Another object of the method is to provide a kind of smog modeling pattern easily and fast, has realized the smog in true environment is carried out to rapid modeling.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of generation method of the Three-dimensional smoke density field based on single view image, and concrete way is as follows:
1) method of existing smog data acquisition being cut apart with image is divided into local smoke;
2) calculate principal direction and the profile basis function of this part smog for each local smoke;
3) utilize procedural method to generate the three-dimensional density field of local smoke according to the principal direction of each local smoke and profile basis function;
4) the three-dimensional density field generating is seamlessly transitted, generate continuous Three-dimensional smoke density field.
In technique scheme, step 1) in, existing smog data collect from single viewpoint direction by single image collecting device.
In technique scheme, step 2) in, comprise for local smoke and calculate the principal direction of this part smog and the method for profile basis function.
In technique scheme, step 3) in, according to the procedural method of the three-dimensional density field of the principal direction of each local smoke and profile basis function generation local smoke.
In technique scheme, step 4) in, described transition comprises that the smog data to there is transformational relation carry out respectively seamlessly transitting of time and space.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, data acquisition is simple, only gathers smog data with single camera from a viewpoint;
2, the processing time quick, can generate in real time Three-dimensional smoke density field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates implementing procedure figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, concrete steps are as follows for main process flow diagram of the present invention:
(1) method of existing smog data acquisition being cut apart with image is divided into local smoke.
Wherein, existing smog data collect from single viewpoint direction by single image collecting device.The image capture device here can be digital camera, video camera or high speed camera.
Image partition method step comprises three steps:
1.1, calculate binary map by the smog view data collecting, and calculate distance map according to binary map through range conversion, method be by boundary to inside assignment successively, the distance value for the treatment of assignment pixel adds 1 for known maximum distance value in its neighbor pixel, in order to represent that smog interior pixels puts the distance on smog border;
1.2, obtained the cluster point of local smoke by distance map, method is to find the point in distance map with local maximum, there is a middle distance smog border in these institutes of putting in close region around farthest, and these points are appointed as to cluster point;
1.3, utilize the cluster smog Image Segmentation Using of naming a person for a particular job.
In step (1), in order to obtain desirable continuous Three-dimensional smoke density field, in the gatherer process of data, can use as far as possible high speed camera to carry out data acquisition.Gathering environment is color background as far as possible, and the object of doing is like this operation that facilitates image segmentation step, guarantees to obtain desirable result.
(2) calculate principal direction and the profile basis function of this part smog for each local smoke.
In this step, calculate the principal direction of this part smog and the method for profile basis function is as follows for each local smoke:
First, local smoke image pixel coordinate is sampled, sampled data is carried out to principal component analysis (PCA).The principal direction obtaining is the principal direction of required this part smog.By local smoke Image space transformation, in principal direction coordinate system, in the new coordinate system after conversion, the principal direction of smog image drops on x axle.In new coordinate system, the pixel on up/down border is sampled, and select and there is local maximum/minimizing pixel.Sampled result is carried out to Function Fitting, obtain profile basis function f
+and f
-, profile basis function represents each point in principal direction ultimate range to border.
(3) utilize procedural method to generate the three-dimensional density field of local smoke according to the principal direction of each local smoke and profile basis function.
In this step, utilize procedural method as follows according to the method for the three-dimensional density field of the principal direction of each local smoke and profile basis function generation local smoke:
First,, to the arbitrfary point p (x, y) in local smoke image, calculate y coordinate smallest point (x, the y with identical x coordinate figure
m) and maximum point (x, y
m).
Secondly, by the profile basis function f obtaining in step (2)
+and f
-, a p (x, y) is calculated to f
+and f (x)
-(x), obtain the distance of principal direction to up-and-down boundary:
To p (x, a y) interpolation (y
m, f
-) and (y (x)
m, f
+(x))
l＝(1-α)f
-(x)+αf
+(x)
Obtain a p to the distance l of principal direction and then the depth information d of calculation level p.
By in this local smoke image depth information a little build the three-dimensional density field of this local smoke:
Depth information d represents the distance of a p to image imaging plane, image imaging plane is appointed as to the XY plane of three-dimensional density field, can be obtained the three-dimensional coordinate of a p by former collection image two-dimensional coordinate and depth information d.Represent the density value of this smog with the pixel value of former collection image corresponding point.Obtain thus the three-dimensional density field of local smoke.
(4) the three-dimensional density field generating is seamlessly transitted, generate continuous Three-dimensional smoke density field.
In this step, according to the Three-dimensional smoke density field generating in step (3), we complete the modeling to single frames smog.Further, we also need, to the Three-dimensional smoke density field between frame and frame, to carry out respectively seamlessly transitting of time and space, have so just intactly created continuous smoke density field.
The method that the three-dimensional density field generating is seamlessly transitted is as follows:
First, determine position in the time series of required frame between the key frame of front and back.
Respectively by the principal direction of front and back key frame and principal direction and the profile basis function of profile basis function interpolation calculation present frame.Principal direction is by vector representation, and the principal direction of required frame can be obtained by the principal direction vector interpolation of front and back key frame.Profile basis function is determined by the key point of choosing in border, each group key point can be determined a profile basis function, first go out the key point in required frame by the key point interpolation calculation in key frame border, front and back, then carry out Function Fitting by these key points and obtain profile basis function.By the principal direction obtaining and profile basis function, utilize the method for step (3), generate the Three-dimensional smoke density field of present frame.
Claims (3)
1. a generation method for the Three-dimensional smoke density field based on single view image, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) method of existing smog data acquisition being cut apart with image is divided into local smoke;
2) calculate principal direction and the profile basis function of this part smog for each local smoke;
3) utilize procedural method to generate the three-dimensional density field of local smoke according to the principal direction of each local smoke and profile basis function;
4) the three-dimensional density field generating is seamlessly transitted, generate continuous Three-dimensional smoke density field;
Step 2) in, calculate the principal direction of this part smog and the method for profile basis function is as follows for each local smoke:
First, local smoke image pixel coordinate is sampled, sampled data is carried out to principal component analysis (PCA), the principal direction obtaining is the principal direction of required this part smog, by local smoke Image space transformation in principal direction coordinate system, in new coordinate system after conversion, the principal direction of smog image drops on x axle, in new coordinate system, the pixel on up/down border is sampled, and select and there is local maximum/minimizing pixel, sampled result is carried out to Function Fitting, obtain profile basis function f
+and f
-, profile basis function represents each point in principal direction ultimate range to border;
Step 3) in, first, to the arbitrfary point p (x, y) in local smoke image, calculate y coordinate smallest point (x, the y with identical x coordinate figure
m) and maximum point (x, y
m);
Secondly, by the profile basis function f obtaining in step (2)
+and f
-, a p (x, y) is calculated to f
+and f (x)
-(x), obtain the distance of principal direction to up-and-down boundary:
To p (x, a y) interpolation (y
m, f
-) and (y (x)
m, f
+(x))
Obtain a p to the distance l of principal direction and and then the depth information d of calculation level p;
By in this local smoke image depth information a little build the three-dimensional density field of this local smoke:
Depth information d represents the distance of a p to image imaging plane, image imaging plane is appointed as to the XY plane of three-dimensional density field, can be obtained the three-dimensional coordinate of a p by former collection image two-dimensional coordinate and depth information d, represent the density value of this smog with the pixel value of former collection image corresponding point, obtain thus the three-dimensional density field of local smoke.
2. the generation method of the Three-dimensional smoke density field based on single view image according to claim 1, is characterized in that: existing smog data collect from single viewpoint direction by single image collecting device.
3. according to the generation method of the Three-dimensional smoke density field based on single view image claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 4) described in seamlessly transit and comprise that the data of the smog to there is transformational relation carry out respectively seamlessly transitting of time and space.
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| CN103886636B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2017-02-15 | 浙江大学 | Real-time smoke rendering algorithm based on ray cast stepping compensation |
| CN104156995A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江大学 | Production method for ribbon animation aiming at Dunhuang flying image |
| CN104361629B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2017-03-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of cigarette model space edit methods deformed based on streamline |
| CN110084872B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-12-25 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Data-driven smoke animation synthesis method and system |
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| CN1404019A (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2003-03-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method of creating vivid lighting effect under virtual environment several factor effects |
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| JPH10132807A (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-22 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Evaluation method for smoke of cigarette |
| US8190403B2 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2012-05-29 | Microsoft Corporation | Real-time rendering of light-scattering media |
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| JIAPING WANG等.Modeling and Rendering of Heterogeneous Translucent Materials Using the Diffusion Equation.《ACM Transactions on Graphics》.2008,第27卷(第1期), |
| JP特开平10-132807A 1998.05.22 |
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