Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, a kind of crimp technology is advanced, crimping efficient is high, automaticity is high, operation is simple and easy, realize pressure and displacement accurately the visual intelligent accurate digital control compression bonding method and the device of control simultaneously and provide.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: this visual intelligent accurate digital control compression bonding apparatus is: on base, install and fix supporting bracket one, supporting bracket two, supporting bracket three; The two ends of front end high accuracy line slide rail and rear end high accuracy line slide rail are connected fixed support plate two and supporting bracket three respectively; The moving slider two ends are separately fixed on the linear bearing that front end high accuracy line slide rail and rear end high accuracy line slide rail carry; Servomotor and reductor are fixed on the supporting bracket two through supporting seat; Speed reducer output shaft is connected with high precision ball screw mandrel left end through shaft coupling; The high precision ball screw mandrel was fixed from flanged the connection with moving slider, and supporting bracket three is installed the junction with the right-hand member of high precision ball screw mandrel and is mounted with a photoelectric encoder, also was fixedly connected with on the moving slider towards right pressure sensor and depression bar; The depression bar right-hand member is connected with the left-handed pivoted arm of crimping frock through bolt; The right arm of crimping frock is fixed on depression bar axle sleeve right-hand member, and pressure shaft puts and also is mounted with a video camera, and LCD panel and keyboard input interface are installed on the front panel of compression bonding apparatus; Compression bonding apparatus is connected and installed with electric control gear.
Electric control gear of the present invention; Comprise dsp processor, 24 bit A/D converters, pressure sensor, 12 DA transducers, servomotor controller, servomotor, photoelectric encoder, display system, power module, industrial camera, PC; The pressure simulation signal of pressure sensor output crimping frock connects 24 bit A/D converters; 24 bit A/D converters are connected to dsp processor after analog signal is converted into digital signal; The photoelectric encoder output pulse signal also is connected to dsp processor, and the industrial camera output image signal that pressure shaft puts connects PC, and PC is connected with dsp processor through the RS232 interface; Dsp processor with pressure data compare, after the computing; Output is connected to 12 DA transducers; Be connected to servomotor controller after 12 DA transducers are converted into analog signal with digital signal, servomotor controller connects and the control servomotor, the automatic crimping of servomotor; Dsp processor output pressure value, shift value connect display system and show.
The electric control principle of electric control gear of the present invention is following:
Electric control gear comprises dsp processor, high accuracy 24 AD, servo control system, display system, photoelectric encoder and shaping circuits, pressure sensor, electric power system; 24 AD are converted into digital signal with the analog signal of pressure sensor output and are sent to DSP; DSP handles and makes comparisons with predefined force value; Three tunnel pulses of photoelectric encoder output are sent to DSP behind the pulse shaping circuit, by DSP to the servomotor rotating speed with turn to measurement.AD converter is converted into digital signal with the analog signal of pressure sensor and displacement transducer output and is sent to DSP; DSP handles and automatically adjusts through two closed loop pid algorithms with predefined force value and shift value; Pid algorithm outputs signal to servo motor driving system, thereby carries out crimping control automatically.Last dsp processor sends to LCD with the force value in the control procedure, shift value and shows; Force value, shift value send to PC through the RS232 communication interface simultaneously; PC gathers according to the picture signal analysis that video camera sends back, and on PC, shows summarized results at last.
Visual intelligent accurate digital control compression bonding method of the present invention is:
(1), be crimped required pressure of product and displacement setting:
Detection starting equipment, input crimping product required pressure and displacement on display floater, completion is set after.By accomplishing key, apparatus control system will write down the force value and the shift value of input automatically this moment on display floater;
(2), zero adjustment:
In the crimping control procedure, at first equipment is carried out zero adjustment, calibration steps is by down Arrow on display floater; The device measuring depression bar is operation downwards automatically; In downward running, when depression bar runs to the measuring basis face, equipment stops automatically; This self-braking process is to adopt the automatic feedback closed loop control of pressure to realize, thereby reaches the measurement zero adjustment;
(3), pressure and displacement measurement in the crimping control procedure:
After zero adjustment, by beginning crimping key, compression bonding apparatus is accomplished the crimping overall process automatically according to setup parameter on display floater.In the crimping process, force value and shift value are the quadrature coding pulse circuit measures of quantizations that carries through high accuracy 24 bit A/D converters and DSP, and pressure and crimping displacement measurement method are:
Wherein F is tested force value; X is the AD converter number of significant digit;
for pressure sensor output maximum pressure value,
is AD converter output digital value;
In patent of the present invention; Choosing pressure sensor output maximum pressure value is 100kgf; AD converter is 20 AD of high accuracy; Can be drawn by above condition, crimping Systems Theory pressure measxurement minimum resolution is
In patent of the present invention, the selective light photoelectric coder is as the crimping displacement measurement sensor, and the photoelectric encoder that this patent is selected is the incremental encoder of 1000 pulses of every circle output.Because it is 4mm that mechanical device is selected the screw mandrel helical pitch, the displacement that screw mandrel whenever rotates a circle is 4mm, and screw mandrel rotates a circle and exports 1000 pulses.There are 4 edges in each slit: two passages of TMS320F2812PGFQ orthogonal coding circuit respectively have a rising edge and a trailing edge; That is to say; Screw mandrel whenever rotates a circle; TMS320F2812PGFQ orthogonal coding electric circuit inspection to 4000 edge, TMS320F2812PGFQ leaves detected edge number in the internal counter in.By the above least displacement resolution that draws the electric control gear energy measurement is 0.001mm/;
(4) high accuracy governor pressure control displacement crimp technology:
In the patent of the present invention; Gather pressure sensor and displacement transducer signal through 24 bit A/D converters and DSP; Digital signal after the AD converter conversion is input to dsp processor, and dsp processor is realized pressure control control displacement crimping according to pressure, the displacement target value of default and the force value of adopting in real time, shift value through two closed loop pid control algorithms.
The present invention adopts full-automatic servo-control system accurately to control the crimping process, it is advantageous that crimping efficient is high, controllability is good, noise is little, energy-conservation, system's crimping process stabilization is reliable.The servo-control system speed of service can be adjustable from 0-3000 rev/min in the patent of the present invention.Therefore, can be according to the difference of crimping product, the customized adopted crimping speed of user is controlled crimping efficient.Patent crimping efficient of the present invention is 40Pcs/Min.
The present invention adopts advanced pressure sensor, displacement sensor technology; And electric Proportion valve accurate control technique, microcomputerized digital treatment technology; And select high accuracy industrial camera and mechanical measurement platform for use, and its intellectuality, automaticity height, simple to operate; Precision is high, is the equipment and the method for a kind of advanced technology, function admirable in intelligent measure and the control field.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a structure vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an electric control principle block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an electric control gear structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is core processor DSP and peripheral circuit diagram;
Fig. 6 is 5V/3.3V level conversion treatment circuit figure;
Fig. 7 is a photoelectric encoder A phase pulse input shaper circuit diagram;
Fig. 8 is a photoelectric encoder B phase pulse input shaper circuit diagram;
Fig. 9 is a photoelectric encoder Z phase pulse input shaper circuit diagram;
Figure 10 is motor speed control signal output amplifier figure;
Figure 11 is 24 AD conversion processing circuit figure;
Figure 12 is pressure signal input interface circuit figure;
Figure 13 is motor control signal output interface circuit figure;
Figure 14 is code device signal input interface circuit figure;
Figure 15 is an encoder power supply interface circuit diagram;
Figure 16 is control board power module circuitry figure;
Figure 17 is an adaptive fuzzy PI controller principle block diagram.
The explanation of accompanying drawing mark:
1-supporting bracket, one, 2-supporting bracket, two, 3-supporting bracket three,
4-lock shaft, 5-crimping frock, 6-depression bar axle sleeve, 7-servomotor,
8-reductor, 9-liquid crystal display, 10-keyboard, 11-control board,
12-base, 13-photoelectric encoder, 14-moving slider, 15-back high accuracy line slide rail,
16-high accuracy roller bearing screw mandrel, 17-preceding high accuracy line slide rail, 18-accurate deep groove ball bearing,
19-accurate linear bearing, 20-depression bar, 21-shaft coupling, 22-supporting seat,
23-pressure sensor, 24-accurate linear bearing, 25-shell, 26-anticlockwise support arm.
Embodiment:
Referring to accompanying drawing; Visual intelligent accurate digital control compression bonding apparatus of the present invention is: on base base 18, install and fix supporting bracket 1, supporting bracket 22, supporting bracket 33; Before the two ends of high accuracy line slide rail 17 and back high accuracy line slide rail 15 be connected fixed support plate 22 and supporting bracket 33 respectively, on the linear bearing that high accuracy line slide rail 17 and back high accuracy line slide rail 15 carried before moving slider 14 two ends were separately fixed at, servomotor 7 and reductor 8 are fixed in the support 22; Reductor 8 output shafts are connected with high precision ball screw mandrel 16 upper ends through shaft coupling 21; High precision ball screw mandrel 16 upper ends are connected and installed with an accurate deep groove ball bearing 18, and accurate deep groove ball bearing 18 is fixed on the supporting bracket 22, support 22 and are fixed on the supporting bracket 22; High precision ball screw mandrel 16 was fixed from flanged the connection with moving slider 14; The high precision ball screw mandrel of supporting bracket 33 is installed the junction and is mounted with photoelectric encoder 13, also is fixedly connected with on the moving slider 14 towards right depression bar 20 and pressure sensor 23, and depression bar 20 right-hand members connect through the left-handed pivoted arm 26 of lock shaft 4 with crimping frock 5; Crimping frock 5 is fixed on depression bar axle sleeve 6 right-hand members; Also be mounted with a video camera on the depression bar axle sleeve 6, control board 11 is fixed on supporting bracket 22 and the supporting bracket 33, and LCD panel 9 and keyboard 10 are installed on the shell of compression bonding apparatus; Electric control gear comprises dsp processor, high accuracy 24 AD, servo control system, display system, photoelectric encoder and shaping circuits, pressure sensor, electric power system; 24 AD are converted into digital signal with the analog signal of pressure sensor output and are sent to DSP; DSP handles and does to automatically adjust through two closed loop pid algorithms with predefined force value and shift value; Pid algorithm outputs signal to servo motor driving system, thereby carries out crimping control automatically.Last dsp processor sends to LCD with the force value in the control procedure, shift value and shows; Force value, shift value send to PC through the RS232 communication interface simultaneously; PC gathers the picture signal analysis that sends back according to video camera, on PC, shows relevant parameter at last.
Control algolithm
Simple, the realization easily of traditional PID controller algorithm structure is widely used in Direct Current Governor System, but is difficult to realize high accuracy and High-reliability Control.Fuzzy control is that it need not to set up Mathematical Modeling with fuzzy set, fuzzy language variable and the fuzzy logic inference a kind of Based Intelligent Control as control algolithm, is a kind of effective way that solves uncertain system.Fuzzy control is to utilize current control deviation; Dynamic characteristic in conjunction with controlled device; And the practical experience that is directed against detailed process, according to certain control requirement or target function, through the fuzzy rule reasoning; Three parameters to the PID controller are carried out online adjustment, so patent of the present invention is selected the adaptive Fuzzy PID Control algorithm in control procedure.
1. adaptive Fuzzy PID Control algorithm
Actual conditions according to system; Differentiation element is excessive to negative interaction from the electrical motor gearshift control procedure in the pid parameter; Cause the system responses process to brake in advance, prolonged the adjusting time, when motor quickens, causing bigger overshoot; So remove derivative action parameter here, only adopt the PI controller.
The design's fuzzy reasoning thought is: according to difference error amount e and error rate value △ e constantly, the parameter kp and the ki of PI controller carried out on-line tuning.It is the parameter correction part of conventional PI controller part and fuzzy control that its theory structure is made up of two parts.Theory diagram is shown in figure 17.
Can know by Figure 17 theory diagram, r (k) be k constantly from electric machine theory displacement input value, c (k) is a k actual measured value constantly, e (k) is a k error originated from input signal constantly, its PI controller form of expression that disperses:
Formula (1) is a position model PI control formula.In order to increase reliability, to the influence of system, adopt increment type PI control formula when reducing the DSP misoperation:
The control formula of final increment type PI controller:
Shown in figure 17, use fuzzy control rule, the input language variable of this fuzzy controller is error value E, error rate value △ E, the output language variable is the proportional gain factor kp and the integration gain factor ki of PI controller.Each linguistic variable is described below with the language value:
During E={ is negative big, negative, negative little, zero, little, in, big, △ E={ negative big, negative in, negative little, zero, little, in, big, ki={ zero, little, in, greatly }, ki={ is zero, little, in, greatly.Wherein in negative big, negative, negative little, zero, little, in, big brief note for NB, NM, NS, z, PS, PM, PB} quantizes to error value E and error rate △ E in the domain of [6,6].Likewise, { zero, little, in, big } brief note is { z, s, M, B}, and quantizing in the domain [0,6].
Practical operation experience and knowwhy in the system debug process, confirm the principle of adjusting of PI type Fuzzy parameter:
A, Error Absolute Value | e (K) | when big; In order to accelerate the response speed of system, and become and to cause that greatly the differential supersaturation makes control action exceed tolerance band because of beginning time error moment, should get bigger kp for avoiding; Prevent that for _ r integration is saturated simultaneously; Avoid system responses big overshoot to occur, should remove integral action, promptly get ki=0.
B, Error Absolute Value | e (k) | with | △ e (k) | during for median size, reduce and do not influence the response speed of system in order to make system responses overshoot, kp and ki can not get greatly, and should get less ki, and the kp value need be of moderate size.
C, Error Absolute Value | e (k) | hour, have good steady-state behaviour, should increase the value of kp and ki, near set point, occur vibrating for fear of system simultaneously, and consider the interference free performance of system, select suitable kp value in order to make system.
The method of measurement that adopts in the patent control procedure of the present invention is following:
Method 1: in patent of the present invention, force value realizes measuring through high accuracy 24 bit A/D converters, and its method of measurement is:
Wherein F is tested force value; X is the AD converter number of significant digit;
for pressure sensor output maximum pressure value,
is AD converter output digital value.
In patent of the present invention; Choosing pressure sensor output maximum pressure value is 100kgf; AD converter is 20 AD of high accuracy; Can be drawn by above condition, crimping Systems Theory pressure measxurement minimum resolution is
Method 2: the selective light photoelectric coder is as the dimensional measurement transducer in patent of the present invention, and the photoelectric encoder that this patent is selected is the incremental encoder of 1000 pulses of every circle output.Because it is 4mm (displacement that screw mandrel whenever rotates a circle is 4mm) that mechanical device is selected the screw mandrel helical pitch, screw mandrel rotates a circle and exports 1000 pulses.There are 4 edges in each slit: two passages of TMS320F2812PGFQ orthogonal coding circuit respectively have a rising edge and a trailing edge; That is to say; Screw mandrel whenever rotates a circle; TMS320F2812PGFQ orthogonal coding electric circuit inspection to 4000 edge, TMS320F2812PGFQ leaves detected edge number in the internal counter in.It is 0.001mm/ that the above least displacement resolution that draws the electric control gear energy measurement is arranged.
The accurate compression bonding apparatus of realization visual intelligent provided by the present invention, this measurement mechanism part has: compositions such as supporting bracket 1, supporting bracket, supporting bracket 3, lock shaft, crimping frock, depression bar axle sleeve, servomotor, reductor, liquid crystal display, keyboard, control board, base, photoelectric encoder, moving slider, back high accuracy line slide rail, high accuracy roller bearing screw mandrel, preceding high accuracy line slide rail, accurate deep groove ball bearing, accurate linear bearing, depression bar, shaft coupling, supporting seat, pressure sensor, accurate linear bearing, shell, anticlockwise support arm.
Patented technology advantage of the present invention
(1) high accuracy governor pressure crimp technology
In the patent of the present invention, be the external pressure sensor conversion of signals that digital signal is sent to dsp processor through 24 bit A/D converters, through the dsp processor computational analysis, drawing system pressure measure theory minimum resolution is 0.001N.
(2) high accuracy control displacement crimp technology
Selective light photoelectric coder induction system crimping displacement signal in the patent of the present invention; The signal of photoelectric encoder induction carries the quadrature coding pulse circuit through dsp processor and carries out measures of quantization; Through the dsp processor computational analysis, the least displacement resolution that draws measurement reaches
.
(3) real-time video monitoring
Select industrial high definition pick-up head to be connected in the patent of the present invention with PC.During the work of this device, its crimping process is sent to PC in real time with image format, and administrative staff and technical staff also can find terminal in office and leak pressure, terminal crimping situation not in place.Employing real-time video monitoring has improved crimp quality, and traces to the source for quality foundation is provided.
(4) hi-Fix control technology
Select 12 DA transducer output of high accuracy analog signal control servomotor rotating speed in the patent of the present invention, reach accurate location through the accurate control of rotating speed, system's control rotating speed minimum resolution is 0.75 rev/min.
(5) synchronous governor pressure control displacement crimp technology
The pressure and the displacement of measuring the crimping system through 24 bit A/D converters, quadrature coding pulse circuit exact acquisition pressure sensor, photoelectric encoder signal in the patent of the present invention.The signal that 24 bit A/D converters, quadrature coding pulse circuit collect is carrying out analyzing and processing through the two closed loop pid algorithms of the inner adaptive fuzzy of high-speed dsp processor; Controlled quentity controlled variable after the analyzing and processing is sent to 12 DA transducers by dsp processor; Then by 12 DA transducers output analog signals control servomotors, realize that finally crimping system synchronization governor pressure room moves technology.
(6) high efficiency crimping
Patent of the present invention adopts full-automatic servo-control system accurately to control the crimping process, it is advantageous that crimping efficient is high, controllability is good, noise is little, energy-conservation, system's crimping process stabilization is reliable.The servo-control system speed of service can be adjustable from 0-3000 rev/min in the patent of the present invention.Therefore, can be according to the difference of crimping product, the customized adopted crimping speed of user is controlled crimping efficient.Patent crimping efficient of the present invention is 40Pcs/Min.
Patent of the present invention adopts advanced pressure sensor, displacement sensor technology; And electric Proportion valve accurate control technique, microcomputerized digital treatment technology; And select high accuracy industrial camera and mechanical measurement platform for use, and its intellectuality, automaticity height, simple to operate; Precision is high, is the equipment and the method for a kind of advanced technology, function admirable in intelligent measure and the control field.
The crimping process is following:
Detection starting equipment, required force value and the shift value of input crimping product on display floater, apparatus control system will write down the force value and the shift value of input automatically.Measuring equipment control system output control command is to servo motor driving system; Thereby the control servomotor rotates and produces moment of torsion; Servomotor rotates the moment of torsion that produces and is delivered to reductor; Transfer torque to screw mandrel through shaft coupling then, in the screw mandrel rotation, drive moving slider and do left and right sides reciprocating motion.The direction of motion of moving slider is just being changeed counter-rotating by control system control servomotor and is being realized.When motor is just turning in the journey, drive moving slider and move right, the encoder that is fixed on the supporting bracket 3 is gathered the displacement signal of screw mandrel rotation in real time.The depression bar that is installed in moving slider simultaneously also moves right with moving slider; Reach start until depression bar and preset shift value, in this process, owing to constantly being rotated in the forward of motor; Depression bar is applied to the pressure that is crimped on the product and constantly increases; This pressure signal is gathered through the pressure sensor that is installed in the depression bar top in real time, and the pressure signal that collects converts digital signal into through high accuracy 24 bit A/D converters and delivers to DSP, makes comparisons through the DSP processing and with predefined pressure; When the power that applies is identical with pre-set pressure; The counter-rotating of DSP control motor, the moving slider return, the photoelectric encoder displacement signal that while DSP will collect in real time calculates moving slider operation displacement automatically.At last, DSP will calculate displacement and the force value that is crimped product according to data that measure and displacement formula, and displacement data liquor charging crystalline substance and the PC with object being measured carries out system's demonstration simultaneously.
The brief introduction of electric control gear circuit:
In this electric control gear circuit; Fig. 5 is the core of whole electric control gear, and it is made up of TMS320F2812PGFQ and necessary peripheral clock circuit, power supply, reset circuit, the shunt capacitance of TMS320F2812PGFQ chip, and C10, C64, Y3 constitute clock oscillation circuit; It is the clock source of TMS320F2812PGFQ; R99, C13 are that TMS320F2812PGFQ provides reset signal, and M7 is a catching diode, and all the other electric capacity are shunt capacitance among Fig. 3.External pressure sensor output differential signal amplifies through 1 pin of interface JP1,11 pin, 12 pin of 2 pin input ADS1234 again; The multiplication factor of amplifier is realized by the TMS320F2812PGFQ programming; Among Figure 11; R19, R20, R155, R159, R160, R161, R162 prevent that digital signal from producing ringing in the high-speed transfer process, and Y1 provides the clock source for ADS1234 work.23,24,25,26,27,28 pin of ADS1234 link to each other with 41,45,46,48,49,55 of TMS320F2812PGFQ respectively, and the instruction of ADS1234 controlling of sampling is by 41,45,46,48,49, the 55 pins output of TMS320F2812PGFQ.Because the external pressure sensor output voltage is a millivolt level signal, in the design, selects 24 AD ADS1234 of high accuracy chip, this chip sampling resolution is 0.0012mv.The A of outside input photoelectric coding, B, Z phase pulse signal pass through 4 pin of interface JP2; 6,4,10 pin that 1,2 pin of JP3 are input to operational amplifier LM339 carry out signal shaping; Signal after the LM339 shaping is handled outputs to 2,3,4 pin of level transferring chip IC10 from 1,2,13 pin of LM339, and in Fig. 5, resistance R 71, R72 provide 3.2V threshold voltage for A phase pulse shaper; In Fig. 6; Resistance R 84, R85 are for B phase pulse shaper provides 3.2V threshold voltage, and in Fig. 7, resistance R 78, R79 provide 3.2V threshold voltage for Z phase pulse shaper; The Z phase signals of photoelectric encoder output is that photoelectric encoder rotates a circle, and Z exports a pulse signal mutually.IC10 mainly the pulse signal of outside input+5V convert into TMS320F2812PGFQ compatible+the 3.3V pulse signal.IC10 has two control pins 1,19, and 1 pin of IC10 is control IC 10 data transfer directions, and IC10 19 pin are the pin that enable of IC10, and IC10,1,19 pin of IC10 link to each other with 107,109 pin of TMS320F2812PGFQ respectively.The IC10 direction, enable control signal and export by TMS320F2812PGFQ.After level conversion, be passed to 57,59,60,90 pin of TMS320F2812PGFQ orthogonal coding circuit from 18,17,16,15 pin of IC10 from the pulse signal of 2,3,4,5 pin of IC10 input.A, B phase rising edge of a pulse and the trailing edge of the outside input of TMS320F2812PGFQ orthogonal coding electric circuit inspection, TMS320F2812PGFQ with the orthogonal coding electric circuit inspection to the edge number leave in the TMS320F2812PGFQ internal counter.Value in this orthogonal coding circuit count device provides accuracy guarantee for the design's displacement measurement.90, the 94 pin output servomotor control signal of TMS320F2812PGFQ; The control signal of 90, the 94 pin output of TMS320F2812PGFQ is passed to level transferring chip IC10, IC11; IC10, IC11 are the conversion of signals of the 3.3V of 90,94 pin of TMS320F2812PGFQ output the 5V signal; This two-way servomotor control signal is passed to 1,2 pin of TLC5618 from IC10 5, IC11 2 pin; This two ways of digital signals converts analog signal into through DA transducer TLC5618, and the analog signal after the conversion is from 1,2 pin of 4, the 7 pin output interface JP4 of TLC5618.The data transfer direction of chip IC 11 links to each other with 151,155 pin of TMS320F2812PGFQ respectively with enable signal; The data transfer direction of IC11 and enable signal control command are by 107, the 109 pin output of TMS320F2812PGFQ, and the resistance R 40 in the circuit, R42, R45, R6, R44, R47 play metering function.The outside input supply voltage of power module is+12V, this power module be circuit provide+10 ,+5V ,+3.3V ,+working power of 1.8V.