CN102480028B - Feed-backward type satellite television antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed-backward type satellite television antenna, which comprises a metamaterial panel arranged in the front of a feed source. The metamaterial panel comprises a core layer. The core layer comprises at least one core layer sheet layer. The core layer sheet layer comprises a sheet substrate and a plurality of artificial micro-structures arranged on the substrate. The refractive indexes of the core layer sheet layer are circularly distributed. The refractive indexes in same semi-diameter are same. The refractive indexes are gradually reduced along with increasing of semi-diameter. According to the feed-backward type satellite television antenna disclosed by the invention, the traditional parabolic antenna is replaced by the sheet metamaterial panel; the antenna is easier to manufacture and process and lower in cost; furthermore, the invention also provides a satellite television receiving system with the feed-backward type satellite television antenna.

Description

A kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, relate to a kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof.

Background technology

The satellite earth receiving station that traditional satellite television receiving system is made up of parabolic antenna, feed, tuner, satellite receiver.Parabolic antenna is responsible for satellite-signal is reflexed to feed and the tuner that is positioned at the focus place.Feed is loudspeaker that are used for collecting satellite-signal that arrange at the focus place of parabolic antenna, claims corrugated horn again.Its major function has two: the one, and the electromagnetic wave signal that antenna is received collects, and is transformed into signal voltage, the supply high frequency head.The 2nd, the electromagnetic wave that receives is carried out polarization conversion.Tuner LNB (also claiming frequency demultiplier) carries out frequency reducing and signal with the satellite-signal that feed is sent here to amplify and be sent to satellite receiver then.Generally can be divided into C-band frequency LNB (3.7GHz-4.2GHz, 18-21V) and Ku audio range frequency LNB (10.7GHz-12.75GHz, 12-14V).The recycling local oscillation circuit was converted to intermediate frequency 950MHz-2050MHz with high-frequency signals after the workflow of LNB was amplified to hundreds thousand of times with the satellite high-frequency signals earlier exactly, was beneficial to the transmission of coaxial cable and the solution mediation work of satellite receiver.Satellite receiver is that the satellite-signal that tuner transports is carried out demodulation, demodulates satellite television image or digital signal and audio signal.

During receiving satellite signal, parallel electromagnetic wave converges on the feed after reflecting by parabolic antenna.Usually, the feed of parabolic antenna correspondence is a horn antenna.

But because the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface of parabolic antenna is big, required precision is also high, therefore, make trouble, and cost is higher.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the defective that existing satellite tv antenna processing is difficult for, cost is high, to provide a kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna simple, low cost of manufacture of processing.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of feedback type satellite tv antenna, described feedback type satellite tv antenna comprises the super material panel that is arranged on feed the place ahead, described super material panel comprises core layer, described core layer comprises at least one core layer lamella, described core layer lamella comprises the base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of artificial micro-structural on the base material, the rounded distribution of the refractive index of described core layer lamella, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, along with the increase refractive index of radius reduces gradually.

Further, described core layer lamella also comprises the packed layer that covers artificial micro-structural.

Further, described core layer comprises the core layer lamella that a plurality of refraction index profile are identical and be parallel to each other.

Further, described super material panel also comprises the matching layer that is arranged on the core layer both sides, to realize the refractive index coupling from the air to the core layer.

Further, the refractive index of described core layer lamella is the rounded distribution in the center of circle with its center, and the refractive index n of described core layer lamella (r) distributes and satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{d};$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella;

L is the distance that feed arrives the matching layer close with it, or l is the distance that feed arrives core layer;

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\sqrt{l^2+R^2}-l}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }};$

R represents maximum radius;

n _MaxRefractive index maximum on the expression core layer lamella;

n _MinRefractive index minimum value on the expression core layer lamella.

Further, described matching layer comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas, and each matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of the matching layer of core layer both sides all satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the matching layer lamella of core layer.

Further, described each matching layer lamella comprises first substrate and second substrate that material is identical, fills air between described first substrate and second substrate.

Further, a plurality of artificial micro-structural shape of each core layer lamella of described core layer is identical, and a plurality of artificial micro-structural at same radius place has identical physical dimension, and along with the physical dimension of the artificial micro-structural of increase of radius reduces gradually.

Further, described artificial micro-structural is the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane.

According to feedback type satellite tv antenna of the present invention, replaced traditional parabolic antenna by the super material panel of sheet, to make processing and be more prone to, cost is cheaper.

The present invention also provides a kind of satellite television receiving system, comprises feed, tuner and satellite receiver, and described satellite television receiving system also comprises above-mentioned feedback type satellite tv antenna, and described feedback type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the place ahead of feed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of feedback type satellite tv antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the perspective diagram of the super material cell of a kind of form of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the refraction index profile schematic diagram of core layer lamella of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the core layer lamella of a kind of form of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of matching layer of the present invention.

Embodiment

Extremely shown in Figure 5 as Fig. 1, the feedback type satellite tv antenna comprises the super material panel 100 that is arranged on feed 1 the place ahead according to the present invention, described super material panel 100 comprises core layer 10, described core layer 10 comprises at least one core layer lamella 11, described core layer lamella comprises the base material 13 of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of artificial micro-structural 12 on the base material 13, the refractive index of described core layer lamella 11 is the rounded distribution in the center of circle with its center, the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and along with the increase refractive index of radius reduces gradually.Among the present invention, feed 1 is arranged on the axis of super material panel, and namely feed overlaps with the axis of super material panel with the line at the center of core layer lamella 11.Feed 1 all has stent support with super material panel 100, does not go out support among the figure, and it is not core of the present invention, adopts traditional supporting way to get final product.Feed is preferably horn antenna in addition.Core layer lamella 11 among the figure is square, and certainly, also can be other shape, and is for example cylindrical.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, described core layer 10 comprises the core layer lamella 11 that a plurality of refraction index profile are identical and be parallel to each other.A plurality of core layer lamellas 11 fit tightly, each other can be bonding by double faced adhesive tape, and perhaps fixedly connected by bolt etc.Adjacent in addition core layer lamella 11 also comprises packed layer 15, and packed layer 15 can air, can be other dielectric-slab also, is preferably the plate-like piece made from base material 13 identical materials.The base material 13 of each core layer lamella 11 can be divided into a plurality of identical super material cell D, each super material cell D is made of an artificial micro-structural 12, unit base material V and unit packed layer W, and each core layer lamella 11 has only a super material cell D at thickness direction.Each super material cell D can be identical square, it can be cube, also cuboid, the length physical dimension of each super material cell D is not more than 1/5th (are generally incident electromagnetic wave wavelength 1/10th) of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, so that whole core layer has continuous electric field and/or magnetic responsiveness to electromagnetic wave.Under the preferable case, described super material cell D is that the length of side is the cube of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength 1/10th.Certainly, the thickness of packed layer can be regulated, its minimum value can be down to 0, that is to say does not need packed layer, in such cases, base material and artificial micro-structural are formed super material cell, namely this moment super material cell D the thickness thickness that equals unit base material V add the thickness of artificial micro-structural, but this moment, the thickness of super material cell D also will satisfy the requirement of 1/10th wavelength, therefore, in fact, thickness at super material cell D is selected under the situation of 1/10th wavelength, and the thickness of unit base material V is more big, and then the thickness of unit packed layer W is more little, certainly under the optimum situation, namely be situation as shown in Figure 2, namely the thickness of unit base material V equals the thickness of unit packed layer W, and the material of first unit base material V and packed layer W's is identical.

Artificial micro-structural 12 of the present invention is preferably metal micro structure, and described metal micro structure is made up of one or more metal wire.Metal wire itself has certain width and thickness.Metal micro structure of the present invention is preferably the metal micro structure with isotropic electromagnetic parameter, the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane as described in Figure 2.

For the artificial micro-structural with planar structure, isotropism, refer to on this two dimensional surface with arbitrary electromagnetic wave of unspecified angle incident, the electric field response of above-mentioned artificial micro-structural on this plane is all identical with magnetic responsiveness, also is that dielectric constant is identical with magnetic permeability; For the artificial micro-structural with three-dimensional structure, isotropism refers to that for incident electromagnetic wave on three-dimensional either direction the electric field response of each above-mentioned artificial micro-structural on three dimensions is all identical with magnetic responsiveness.When artificial micro-structural was 90 degree rotational symmetry structures, artificial micro-structural namely had isotropic feature.

For two-dimension plane structure, 90 degree rotation symmetries refer to that it revolves arbitrarily perpendicular to this plane and the rotating shaft of crossing its symmetrical centre around one and turn 90 degrees the back and overlap with original structure on this plane; For three-dimensional structure, if have 3 rotating shafts of vertical and common intersection point (intersection point is pivot) in twos, make this structure around arbitrary rotating shaft revolve turn 90 degrees that the back all overlaps with original structure or with original structure with an interface symmetry, then this structure is 90 to spend rotational symmetry structures.

The alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 2 is a kind of form of isotropic artificial micro-structural, described alabastrine metal micro structure has first metal wire 121 and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally mutually 122, described first metal wire 121 two ends are connected with two first metal branches 1211 of equal length, described first metal wire 121 two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches 1211, described second metal wire 122 two ends are connected with two second metal branches 1221 of equal length, and described second metal wire 122 two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches 1221.

Known refractive index

Wherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε are collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.Experiment showed, when electromagnetic wave passes through refractive index dielectric material heterogeneous, can be to the big direction deviation of refractive index (to the big super material cell deviation of refractive index).Therefore core layer of the present invention has the effect of converging to electromagnetic wave, and the refraction index profile of appropriate design core layer can be so that the electromagnetic wave that satellite sends converges on the feed after by core layer.Under the selected situation of the material of the material of base material and packed layer, the electromagnetic parameter that can obtain super material internal by shape, physical dimension and/or artificial micro-structural the arranging on base material of designing artificial micro-structural distributes, thereby designs the refractive index of each super material cell.At first calculate the electromagnetic parameter spatial distribution (being the electromagnetic parameter of each super material cell) of excess of export material internal from the needed effect of super material, select the shape of the artificial micro-structural on each super material cell according to the spatial distribution of electromagnetic parameter, physical dimension (having deposited multiple artificial micro-structural data in the computer in advance), design to each super material cell can be used the method for exhaustion, for example select the artificial micro-structural with given shape earlier, calculate electromagnetic parameter, with the result who obtains and the contrast that we want, circulation repeatedly, till the electromagnetic parameter that finds us to want, if found, then finished the design parameter of artificial micro-structural and selected; If do not find, then change a kind of artificial micro-structural of shape, the circulation above repeating is till the electromagnetic parameter that finds us to want.If still do not find, then said process can not stop yet.That is to say the artificial micro-structural of the electromagnetic parameter that has only found our needs, program just can stop.Because this process is all finished by computer, therefore, seem complicated, can finish soon in fact.

Among the present invention, the base material of described core layer is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material etc.Macromolecular material is available polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material etc.For example, the electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene is very good, therefore can not produce electromagnetic electric field and disturb, and have excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, long service life.

Among the present invention, described metal micro structure is metal wires such as copper cash or silver-colored line.Above-mentioned metal wire can be attached on the base material by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.Certainly, also can adopt three-dimensional laser processing technology.

As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of the super material panel of first embodiment of the invention, in the present embodiment, described super material panel also comprises the matching layer 20 that is arranged on the core layer both sides, to realize from the air to the core layer 10 refractive index coupling.We know that it is more big that the refractive index between the medium differs, and when then electromagnetic wave incides another medium from a medium, reflect more greatly, and reflection is big, means the loss of energy, at this time just needs the coupling of refractive index, known refractive index

Wherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε are collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.We know that the refractive index of air is 1, therefore, when the design matching layer, the matching layer of electromagnetic wave light incident side designs like this, namely refractive index and the air of a side of close air are basic identical, basic identical the getting final product of core layer lamella refractive index that the refractive index of a side of close core layer is joined with it; The matching layer design of electromagnetic wave exiting side then relative core layer symmetry comes to get final product.Like this, just realized the refractive index coupling of core layer, reduced reflection, i.e. energy loss can reduce greatly, like this electromagnetic wave can transmit farther.

In the present embodiment, as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 3, the refractive index of described core layer lamella 11 is the rounded distribution in the center of circle with its center O, and the refractive index n of described core layer lamella 11 (r) distributes and satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{d}---\left(1\right);$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella; Also be that radius is the refractive index of the super material cell D of r on the core layer lamella; The radius mid point that refers to each unit base material V is to the distance of the center O (center of circle) of core layer lamella herein, and the mid point of unit base material V herein refers to the mid point on unit base material V and the conplane surface of mid point O.

L is that feed 1 is to the distance of the matching layer 20 close with it;

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\sqrt{l^2+R^2}-l}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }}---\left(2\right);$

R represents maximum radius;

n _MaxRefractive index maximum on the expression core layer lamella 11;

n _MinRefractive index minimum value on the expression core layer lamella 11;

By formula (1), the determined core layer 10 of formula (2), can guarantee that the electromagnetic wave that satellite sends converges on the feed.This perhaps utilizes optical principle can obtain (namely utilizing equivalent optical path to calculate) by computer simulation emulation.

In the present embodiment, the thickness of core layer lamella 11 is certain, usually below 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength X, and preferably 1/10th of the incident electromagnetic wave wavelength X.Like this, when design, if selected the number of plies of core layer lamella 11, then the thickness d of core layer has just been determined, therefore, for the feedback type satellite tv antenna (wavelength difference) of different frequency, we know by formula (2), by appropriate design (n _Max-n _Min) value, just can obtain arbitrarily the feedback type satellite tv antenna of the frequency that we want.For example, C-band and Ku wave band.The frequency range of C-band is 3400MHz～4200MHz.Frequency 10.7～the 12.75GHz of Ku wave band wherein can be divided into frequency ranges such as 10.7～11.7GHz, 11.7～12.2GHz, 12.2～12.75GHz.

As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described matching layer 20 comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas 21, and each matching layer lamella 21 has single refractive index, and the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of the matching layer of core layer both sides all satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}}---\left(4\right);$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the matching layer lamella of core layer.From formula (4) we as can be seen, the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of core layer 10 1 sides is symmetrical arranged with the relative core layer of refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of core layer 10 1 sides.The largest refractive index n of the setting of matching layer (total number of stories m) and core layer _MaxWith minimum refractive index n _MinDirect relation is arranged; When i=1, represent the 1st layer refractive index, because it will equal the refractive index 1 of air substantially, therefore, as long as n _MaxWith n _MinDetermine, then can determine total number of stories m.

Matching layer 20 can be a plurality ofly to be had single refractive index materials and make by what occurring in nature existed, also use matching layer as shown in Figure 5, it comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas 21, each matching layer lamella 21 comprises first substrate 22 and second substrate 23 that material is identical, fills air between described first substrate 21 and second substrate 22.The ratio of the volume by the control volume of air and matching layer lamella 21, can realize the change of refractive of refractive index from 1 (refractive index of air) to first substrate, thereby refractive index that can each matching layer lamella of appropriate design realizes the refractive index coupling from the air to the core layer.

Fig. 4 is a kind of core layer lamella 11 of form, a plurality of artificial micro-structural 12 shapes of each core layer lamella 11 of described core layer are identical, be the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane, and the central point of metal micro structure overlaps with the mid point of unit base material V, the a plurality of artificial micro-structural at same radius place has identical physical dimension, and along with the physical dimension of the artificial micro-structural 12 of the increase of radius reduces gradually.Reduce and reduce gradually because the refractive index of each super material cell is the size along with metal micro structure, therefore artificial micro-structural physical dimension is more big, then its corresponding refractive index is more big, therefore, can realize the refraction index profile distribution of (1) by formula of core layer lamella by this mode.

According to different needs (different electromagnetic waves), and different designs needs, core layer 10 can comprise the core layer lamella 11 as shown in Figure 4 of the different numbers of plies.

The present invention also has second kind of embodiment, and the difference of second embodiment and first embodiment is that the l in refractive index n (r) distribution formula of core layer lamella 11 represents that feed is to the distance (l represents that feed arrives the distance of the matching layer close with it among first embodiment) of core layer.

In addition, the present invention also provides the present invention that a kind of satellite television receiving system also is provided, comprise feed, tuner and satellite receiver, described satellite television receiving system also comprises above-mentioned feedback type satellite tv antenna, and described feedback type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the place ahead of feed.

Feed, tuner and satellite receiver are existing technology, no longer state herein.

By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. feedback type satellite tv antenna, it is characterized in that, described feedback type satellite tv antenna comprises the super material panel that is arranged on feed the place ahead, described super material panel comprises core layer, described core layer comprises at least one core layer lamella, described core layer lamella comprises the base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of artificial micro-structural on the base material, the rounded distribution of the refractive index of described core layer lamella, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, along with the increase refractive index of radius reduces gradually, the a plurality of artificial micro-structural shape of each core layer lamella of described core layer is identical, the a plurality of artificial micro-structural at same radius place has identical physical dimension, and along with the physical dimension of the artificial micro-structural of increase of radius reduces gradually; Described super material panel also comprises the matching layer that is arranged on the core layer both sides, to realize the refractive index coupling from the air to the core layer, the refractive index of described core layer lamella is the rounded distribution in the center of circle with its center, and the refractive index n of described core layer lamella (r) distributes and satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{d};$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella;

L is the distance that feed arrives the matching layer close with it, or l is the distance that feed arrives core layer;

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\sqrt{l^2+R^2}-l}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }};$

R represents maximum radius;

n _MaxRefractive index maximum on the expression core layer lamella;

n _MinRefractive index minimum value on the expression core layer lamella;

Described matching layer comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas, and each matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of the matching layer of core layer both sides all satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, the refractive index of n (i) expression i layer matching layer lamella, and wherein, the matching layer lamella of close core layer is numbered m.

2. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described core layer lamella also comprises the packed layer that covers artificial micro-structural.

3. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described core layer comprises the core layer lamella that a plurality of refraction index profile are identical and be parallel to each other.

4. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described each matching layer lamella comprises first substrate and second substrate that material is identical, fills air between described first substrate and second substrate.

5. feedback type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described artificial micro-structural is the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane.

6. satellite television receiving system, comprise feed, tuner and satellite receiver, it is characterized in that described satellite television receiving system comprises that also described feedback type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the place ahead of feed as any described feedback type satellite tv antenna of claim 1 to 5.

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