CN102447285A - Large-capacity battery converter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Large-capacity battery converter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-capacity battery converter and control method thereof. The converter of the invention comprises several branch single stage type DC/AC converter modules parallel to one another. Each battery cluster (Battery Cluster BC) converges energy to an AC bus via each branch single stage type DC/AC converter module to be transformed in voltage in order to connect to an AC grid or to operate independently with load. The invention solves the circular current and uniform current problems brought by serial and parallel connection of the battery cluster, and adopts the technology of module combination and alternate balance to effectively improve the system efficiency under low power and power quality at the AC and DC sides and to realize balanced use of the battery cluster. Each battery branch can conduct intelligent charge and discharge management and the control function and the protection function are configured independently to ensure the largest availability of the system. The invention has simple structure, small volume, small energy loss, easy modularization, high reliability, small output harmonic wave, good system expansibility and low requirement to insulating ability of the converter and can operate with reduced capacity when the unit is in failure. The control method of the large-capacity battery converter of the invention is convenient and simple in operation and easy in realization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of high capacity cell converter and control method thereof, belongs to the new technology of high capacity cell converter and control method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the extensive use of various advanced technologies in electrical network, the intelligent inexorable trend that has become power network development, the development intelligent grid is worldwide built consensus.Energy storage technology can play peak load shifting, peak-frequency regulation, the raising quality of power supply, increase effects such as the reserve capacity of system, the intermittent problems that delays even reduce the dilatation investment of electrical network, level and smooth new forms of energy, raising distributed generation system or micro power network stability as the key link of intelligent grid.Battery energy storage system has territorial environment factor affecting, the characteristics such as flexible arrangement of not receiving.Along with the development of intelligent grid, new forms of energy comes into one's own day by day, battery energy storage system has wide application prospect in electrical network.Battery energy storage system mainly is made up of storage battery, energy conversion system, battery management system and supervisory control system four parts, and wherein, (Power Conversion System PCS) is the nucleus equipment of energy-accumulating power station to energy conversion system.The large-capacity battery energy-accumulating power station worldwide still is in the demonstration operation test stage at present; Domestic electronic power convertor corporate boss will concentrate on new energy fields such as wind power generation, photovoltaic generation; Special less to storage battery converter manufacturer, the product maturity is not high.
If required number of battery cells is huge,, need the battery strings parallel connection to use in groups in order to reach certain voltage, power and energy grade.Battery series connection use can reach required DC input voitage, but the unbalanced problem of battery very easily occurs, and equalizing circuit design simultaneously and regular maintenance are also relatively more difficult; The capacity of battery parallelly connected use can multiplication cell, the circulation and equal flow problem that bring to battery pack simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and provide a kind of reasonable in design, simple in structure, volume is less, and energy loss is little, is easy to modular high capacity cell converter.Reliability of the present invention is higher, and output harmonic wave is little, and system extension property is good, and the derate serviceability during cell failure is strong, and is low to the insulation level requirement of converter.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control method of high capacity cell converter simple to operation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: high capacity cell converter of the present invention; Include the some single stage type DC/AC of branch converter modules parallel with one another; Each storage battery bunch BC is pooled to ac bus through each the single stage type DC/AC of branch converter module with energy respectively, after transformation, is incorporated into the power networks or the free band load running with AC network.
The control method of high capacity cell converter of the present invention, above-mentioned converter adopt DC side to divide many groups to insert, and the DC side control method is following:
Said Battery Inverter is according to the power instruction of different magnitudes; The quantity of the DC/AC converter module that definite participation is exerted oneself; To each storage battery bunch BC include state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number of times, after the multiple target of time between overhauls(TBO) carries out weighted; Each storage battery bunch BC high to priority carries out management of charging and discharging, and the situation of utilizing of each storage battery bunch BC is tended to balance; When each storage battery bunch BC priority was identical, the mode of then rotating through timesharing let all the other the single stage type DC/AC of branch converter modules be in resting state in turn, to improve the efficiency for charge-discharge of system.
Each DC/AC converter module branch road that above-mentioned participation is exerted oneself is according to the power of its distribution, and each storage battery bunch BC will carry out the intelligent recharge and discharge management automatically.
The AC side operational mode of above-mentioned converter is following:
A) be incorporated into the power networks with AC network
When said converter and AC network were incorporated into the power networks, each DC/AC converter module adopted the control of line voltage directional vector, and double circle structure, outer shroud are Voltage loop, and interior ring is an electric current loop, realized P, Q decoupling zero control and DC bus-bar voltage control down based on the dq coordinate; Adopt the break-make of space vector of voltage pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) method control DC/AC converter module switch device;
B) independent run with load
Said converter breaks away from AC network; During the free band load running; Each DC/AC converter module is that ac bus provides constant voltage and frequency reference; Adopt V/f control, adopt the effective value closed-loop control of voltage to realize that terminal voltage amplitude and the frequency of each DC/AC converter module outlet behind filter keeps constant;
Above-mentioned to each storage battery bunch BC include state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number of times, to carry out weighted be to adopt chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system to carry out power division to the multiple target of time between overhauls(TBO); The operating position of each storage battery bunch BC is reached unanimity; Prolonged the useful life of battery; Said chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system; To be meant that each DC/AC converter module branch road accounts for by its chargeable/discharge electricity amount chargeable/and the pro rate active power of the total electric weight of discharge exerts oneself; When each branch road is exerted oneself when exceeding its rated power, but exert oneself, adopt permanent power charge/discharge mode to control its power output according to all discharge paths mean allocation active power.
The charging modes of above-mentioned each storage battery bunch BC adopts preliminary filling, fills soon, all fills and floating charge four-part form charging modes, wherein, preliminary filling, soon fill with floating charge be constant current pressure limiting control, all filling is constant voltage and current limiting control.
The charge and discharge system of above-mentioned each storage battery bunch BC adopts constant current charge-discharge or permanent power to discharge and recharge dual mode.
High capacity cell converter major loop structure of the present invention is owing to adopt DC/AC single stage type structure.Said single stage type topological structure advantage is simple in structure, and volume is less, and energy loss is little, is easy to modularization, and reliability is higher, and output harmonic wave is little, and system extension property is good, and the derate serviceability during cell failure is strong, and is low to the insulation level requirement of converter.In addition, when this structure ran on lonely net state, the V/f of AC side control only realized that by the DC/AC unit control strategy is comparatively simple and reliable.In addition, because each DC/AC converter module is born electric current and capacity is less, said scheme implements simple relatively.Simultaneously, DC side divides many groups to insert, and can reduce battery connection in series-parallel number in every Battery pack in groups the time, even can realize that the single serial connection of battery pack goes into, and helps battery maintenance, balanced management, improves the reliability of battery system.If adopt high-power concentrated access way; DC side in the single stage type structure needs a lot of battery pack of quantity to carry out parallel connection; This high-capacity direct connects parallel way and has not only produced circulation problem, and monomer damages and will cause whole system to withdraw from, and makes system reliability reduce greatly.Said converter employing multiple-limb, modular access way, each storage battery branch road can be realized independent fully control, has not only solved series-parallel circulation of battery pack and equal flow problem, and simple in structure, dilatation is convenient.Each storage battery branch road of the present invention is pooled to ac bus through converter with energy, after transformation, is incorporated into the power networks or the free band load running with AC network.Transformer not only can change voltage, satisfies the requirement of output, can also play the effect of isolation, improves the news of making an uproar in the power supply.Because battery system can be realized gaining merit, the decoupling zero rapid adjustment of reactive power, grouping timesharing that can be through the DC/AC module realizes the optimized distribution of each modular power by turns.Design in conjunction with grouping moduleization; With power division in each storage battery branch road; When the power instruction of PCS acquisition departs from its rated value; Distinctive through taking " module combinations, by turns balanced " technology can effectively improve system effectiveness and the AC side quality of power supply of output under the low-power.The present invention is that a kind of design is ingenious, function admirable, convenient and practical high capacity cell converter and control method thereof.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of high capacity cell converter major loop of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
The sketch map of high capacity cell converter major loop of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1; High capacity cell converter of the present invention; Include the some single stage type DC/AC of branch converter modules parallel with one another; Each storage battery bunch BC is pooled to ac bus through each the single stage type DC/AC of branch converter module with energy respectively, after transformation, is incorporated into the power networks or the free band load running with AC network.This converter is through the parallel connection of a plurality of DC/AC converter modules, can support the grouping of many Battery packs bunch to insert, and realizes that the electricity between the battery bunch is isolated and independent voltage control, can effectively prolong battery useful life and raising charge and discharge cycles number of times.
The control method of high capacity cell converter of the present invention, above-mentioned converter adopt DC side to divide many groups to insert, and the DC side control method is following:
Said Battery Inverter is according to the power instruction of different magnitudes; The quantity of the DC/AC converter module that definite participation is exerted oneself; To each storage battery bunch BC include state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number of times, after the multiple target of time between overhauls(TBO) carries out weighted; Each storage battery bunch BC high to priority carries out management of charging and discharging, and the situation of utilizing of each storage battery bunch BC is tended to balance; When each storage battery bunch BC priority was identical, the mode of then rotating through timesharing let all the other the single stage type DC/AC of branch converter modules be in resting state in turn, to improve the utilization ratio of system.
Each DC/AC converter module branch road that above-mentioned participation is exerted oneself is according to the power of its distribution, and each storage battery bunch BC will carry out the intelligent recharge and discharge management automatically.
The control method of high capacity cell converter of the present invention, the AC side operational mode of above-mentioned converter is following:
A) be incorporated into the power networks with AC network
When said converter and AC network were incorporated into the power networks, each DC/AC converter module adopted the control of line voltage directional vector, and double circle structure, outer shroud are Voltage loop, and interior ring is an electric current loop, realized P, Q decoupling zero control and DC bus-bar voltage control down based on the dq coordinate; Adopt the break-make of space vector of voltage pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) method control DC/AC converter module switch device;
B) independent run with load
Said converter breaks away from AC network; During the free band load running; Each DC/AC converter module is that ac bus provides constant voltage and frequency reference; Adopt V/f control, adopt the effective value closed-loop control of voltage to realize that terminal voltage amplitude and the frequency of each DC/AC converter module outlet behind filter keeps constant.
Above-mentioned to each storage battery bunch BC include state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number of times, to carry out weighted be to adopt chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system to carry out power division to the multiple target of time between overhauls(TBO); The operating position of each storage battery bunch BC is reached unanimity; Prolonged the useful life of battery; Said chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system, to be meant that each DC/AC converter module branch road accounts for by its chargeable/discharge electricity amount chargeable/the pro rate active power of the total electric weight of discharge exerts oneself.
In the present embodiment, the charging modes of above-mentioned each storage battery bunch BC adopts preliminary filling, fills soon, all fills and floating charge four-part form charging modes, wherein, preliminary filling, soon fill with floating charge be constant current pressure limiting control, all filling is constant voltage and current limiting control.
High capacity cell converter of the present invention supports multiple-limb single stage type DC/AC modular unit to insert, and each storage battery branch road is pooled to ac bus through converter with energy, after transformation, is incorporated into the power networks or the free band load running with AC network; " module combinations, balanced by turns " technology can improve system effectiveness and take into account the consistency of battery.It has following characteristics:
(1) said converter adopts the design philosophy of grouping moduleization to optimize access, has reduced circulation and equal flow problem that the parallel connection of big capacity reorganization battery strings brings.
(2) said converter adopts DC side to divide many groups to insert; Can DC/AC number of unit and different connecting modes be set according to actual capacity, said scheme system flexibility significantly improves, and dilatation is convenient; Help battery maintenance, balanced management, improve the reliability of battery system.
(3) said converter adopts the allocative decision of " module combinations; balanced by turns "; For DC/AC converter module time sharing wheel in the converter swap out power, take over seamlessly; To reduce the high-frequency loss of switching loss and reactor, improve the output quality of power supply simultaneously, realize the comprehensive coordination of economic benefit and control performance.
(4) said converter adopts the multi-target non-linear prioritization scheme to carry out power division; DC/AC converter module with the state-of-charge of comprehensive battery pack, discharge and recharge multiple targets such as number of times, time between overhauls(TBO); Carry out multiple different weighted; Adopt chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system to carry out power division, the operating position of each branch road storage battery is reached unanimity, prolonged the useful life of battery.
(5) the storage battery branch road is realized the automated intelligent management of charging and discharging, adopt the maximization configuration preliminary filling, fill soon, all fill and floating charge four-part form control strategy, said strategy can be adjusted according to user's request in real time, has versatility.The inconsistency of input battery pack is satisfied in operation independently of one another between each DC/AC branch road, realizes independently discharging and recharging optimal control between each battery pack.
(6) said converter possesses the complete protection function, satisfies the safety of equipment self under the various failure conditions.Receive accumulator super-charge, crossing and to put and during warning information such as excess temperature, will reduce the battery charging and discharging electric current or stop to discharge and recharge, protecting the safety of battery pack.Each storage battery branch road controlled function and the complete separate configurations of defencive function, the maximum availability of assurance system.
Applicant of the present invention combines Figure of description that embodiments of the invention have been done detailed explanation and description; But those skilled in the art should understand that; Above embodiment is merely the preferred embodiments of the invention, and detailed explanation is just in order to help the reader to understand spirit of the present invention better, and is not the restriction to protection range of the present invention; On the contrary, any any improvement or modification of being done based on invention spirit of the present invention all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. high capacity cell converter; It is characterized in that including the some single stage type DC/AC of branch converter modules parallel with one another; Each storage battery bunch BC is pooled to ac bus through each the single stage type DC/AC of branch converter module with energy respectively, after transformation, is incorporated into the power networks or the free band load running with AC network.
2. the control method of a high capacity cell converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned converter adopts DC side to divide many groups to insert, and the DC side control method is following:
Said Battery Inverter is according to the power instruction of different magnitudes; The quantity of the DC/AC converter module that definite participation is exerted oneself; To each storage battery bunch BC include state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number of times, after the multiple target of time between overhauls(TBO) carries out weighted; Each storage battery bunch BC high to priority carries out management of charging and discharging, and the situation of utilizing of each storage battery bunch BC is tended to balance; When each storage battery bunch BC priority was identical, the mode of then rotating through timesharing let all the other the single stage type DC/AC of branch converter modules be in resting state in turn, to improve the efficiency for charge-discharge of system.
3. the control method of high capacity cell converter according to claim 2 is characterized in that each DC/AC converter module branch road that above-mentioned participation exerts oneself power according to its distribution, and each storage battery bunch BC will carry out the intelligent recharge and discharge management automatically.
4. the control method of high capacity cell converter according to claim 2 is characterized in that the AC side operational mode of above-mentioned converter is following:
A) be incorporated into the power networks with AC network
When said converter and AC network were incorporated into the power networks, each DC/AC converter module adopted the control of line voltage directional vector, and double circle structure, outer shroud are Voltage loop, and interior ring is an electric current loop, realized P, Q decoupling zero control and DC bus-bar voltage control down based on the dq coordinate; Adopt the break-make of space vector of voltage pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) method control DC/AC converter module switch device;
B) independent run with load
Said converter breaks away from AC network; During the free band load running; Each DC/AC converter module is that ac bus provides constant voltage and frequency reference; Adopt V/f control, adopt the effective value closed-loop control of voltage to realize that terminal voltage amplitude and the frequency of each DC/AC converter module outlet behind filter keeps constant.
5. the control method of high capacity cell converter according to claim 2; It is characterized in that above-mentioned to each storage battery bunch BC include state-of-charge, discharge and recharge number of times, to carry out weighted be to adopt chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system to carry out power division to the multiple target of time between overhauls(TBO); The operating position of each storage battery bunch BC is reached unanimity; Prolonged the useful life of battery; Said chargeable/discharge electricity amount direct ratio apportion design and average distribution system, to be meant that each DC/AC converter module branch road accounts for by its chargeable/discharge electricity amount chargeable/the pro rate active power of the total electric weight of discharge exerts oneself, when each branch road is exerted oneself when exceeding its rated power; But exert oneself according to all discharge paths mean allocation active power, adopt permanent power charge/discharge mode to control its power output.
6. the control method of high capacity cell converter according to claim 5; The charging modes that it is characterized in that above-mentioned each storage battery bunch BC adopts preliminary filling, fills soon, all fills and floating charge four-part form charging modes; Wherein, Preliminary filling, fill with floating charge and be constant current pressure limiting control soon, all filling is constant voltage and current limiting control.
7. the control method of high capacity cell converter according to claim 5 is characterized in that the charge and discharge system of above-mentioned each storage battery bunch BC adopts constant current charge-discharge or permanent power to discharge and recharge dual mode.
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