CN102318206B - Low power ultra wideband transmitter and receiver - Google Patents

Low power ultra wideband transmitter and receiver Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102318206B
CN102318206B CN2010800078538A CN201080007853A CN102318206B CN 102318206 B CN102318206 B CN 102318206B CN 2010800078538 A CN2010800078538 A CN 2010800078538A CN 201080007853 A CN201080007853 A CN 201080007853A CN 102318206 B CN102318206 B CN 102318206B
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code element
transmission mode
frequency
fourier transform
fast fourier
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CN102318206A (en
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S·S·索利曼
O·杜伦
K·拉贾马尼
R·查拉贝斯
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Qualcomm Inc
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H04B1/719—Interference-related aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H04B1/71635—Transmitter aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H04B1/71637—Receiver aspects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

Low-power transmitter and/or receiver devices are provided by sacrificing time and/or frequency diversity in exchange for lower power consumption. When channel conditions indicate that time and/or frequency spreading are unnecessary for transmissions, a transmitter may enter into a power-conservation mode in which transmissions are performed using a time gating scheme or a time repetition scheme. In the time gating scheme, symbols are transmitting just once, rather than a plurality of times, but with increased transmission power. In the time repetition scheme, copies of the same symbol are transmitted a plurality of times on the same frequency on different symbol transmission periods, instead of being retransmitted on different frequencies on different symbol transmission periods. Consequently, the symbol can be generated once and stored for subsequent retransmission, thereby allowing some of the transmitter/receiver chain components can be operated at a lower duty cycle or processing speed to conserve power.

Description

The low-power ultra-wideband transmitter and receiver
Background
The field
Various features relate to ultra-wideband communications.At least one aspect relates to the ultra-wide band transceiver with improved low-power consumption.
Background
Ultra broadband (UWB) is a kind of radiotechnics of carrying out high-bandwidth communication by the major part (for example, 500MHz or bigger bandwidth) of using radio-frequency spectrum.UWB communication transmits can not disturb other more traditional " arrowbands " in the same frequency band and the mode of continuous carrier largely.Generally speaking, Federal Communications Committee (FCC) with UWB be defined as use to surpass 500 megahertzes (MHz) or centre frequency 20% in smaller's the system of bandwidth.FCC use-10dB launch point is determined bandwidth and definition centre frequency.The UWB technology can be applicable to a high low data rate territory net (PAN).The advantage of big bandwidth is that system should send High Data Rate in short distance, simultaneously and other communication systems share frequency spectrum.For this reason, FCC has authorized that the no license to UWB uses in the frequency band between 3.1 gigahertzs (GHz) and 10.6GHz.UWB can be used as the pulse pattern system and generates, and wherein each pulse that transmits occupies whole UWB frequency bandwidth.The gathering of narrowband subcarriers is used to generate the frequency bandwidth of 500MHz at least.For example, can use OFDM (OFDM) system.OFDM splits into digital information at a plurality of parallel streams of data transfer rate slowly and transmits.In these parallel data streams each uses the technology such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) for example to be modulated onto on the certain subcarriers, and is transmitted with slow relatively data transfer rate.Subcarrier frequency is chosen for the cross-talk that makes between the adjacent channel and minimizes, and this is called as orthogonality.Chang code element is lasted and is helped to make multipath effect to minimize relatively, and multipath effect is to arrive at the degradation that causes at different time because of signal.
UWB European Computer Manufacture's Association (ECMA) 368 standards are the examples of seeking to realize the wireless standard of UWB.
A challenge of current UWB technology is that it consumes too many power possibly so that can not have realization efficiently on the mobile device of limited power source (for example, mobile phone, personal communication devices, mobile computing device etc.).That is, the current consumption of UWB transceiver may be not suitable for mobile device.
Therefore, expectation to the improvement of UWB transceiver to reach lower power consumption.Preferably, will follow basically or compatible existing UWB standard this type of improvement of UWB transceiver.
General introduction
According to a kind of feature, provide to be used for reaching transmitter apparatus and/or the method that power is saved.In some instances, transmitter and/or method can operate to transmit OFDM (OFDM) code element in the ultra broadband frequency spectrum.Determine, find out or obtain characteristics of radio channels between transmitter apparatus and the receiver device.Determine characteristics of radio channels can comprise and finding out (between the transmitter and receiver) desired signal intensity and following at least one: interchannel noise, Noise Background or interference level.
If characteristics of radio channels is higher than threshold level, can select the first code element transmission mode, in the first code element transmission mode with in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion at least one.If select the first code element transmission mode, then at least one in up time expansion and the frequency expansion transmits code element.
If characteristics of radio channels is lower than threshold level, then can select the second code element transmission mode, in the second code element transmission mode with respect to the first code element transmission mode and with identical transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and in the frequency expansion at least one.If selected the second code element transmission mode, transmit code element at least one that then can be in forbidding (in the first code element transmission mode, enabling) temporal extension and frequency expansion.
Temporal extension can be included in the different editions that a plurality of different times transmit same symbol.Frequency expansion can be included in and transmit same symbol on the different frequency concomitantly.
For first data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension but second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.For second data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
Before transmission, transmitter can convert code element to analog signal to transmit at the super wideband wireless channel that is associated with this characteristics of radio channels from numeral.
Transmitter can send about at least one the disabled designator in temporal extension and the frequency expansion to receiver device.
Transmitter can with ultra broadband European Computer Manufacture's Association (ECMA) 368 operating suchs.
This transmitter and/or method also can reduce one of the duty ratio of inverse fast Fourier transform module or speed during the second code element transmission mode, wherein (data) transfer rate from this radio transmitter device keeps identical, and no matter the duty ratio of inverse fast Fourier transform module or reducing of speed.
According to the time iteration scheme during the second code element transmission mode, this transmitter and/or method can: (a) use the inverse fast Fourier transform module that code element is modulated in the first frequency; (b) storage is through modulated symbol; (c) transmit through modulated symbol to receiver device on the transmission period in code element; (d) other code elements on the transmission period to receiver device retransmit store through modulated symbol; And/or (e) retransmitting the forbidding inverse fast Fourier transform module during these other code elements transmission periods of modulated symbol store to save power.
According to the time gated scheme during the second code element transmission mode, this transmitter and/or method can: (a) use the inverse fast Fourier transform module to generate to be used for the code element that transmits; (b) use than in the first code element transmission mode, transmitting this code element only once for the bigger transmitting power that transmits code element to receiver device; And/or (c) in the first code element transmission mode, should retransmit forbidding inverse fast Fourier transform module during time period of this code element.
According to a kind of feature, provide to be used for reaching receiver device and/or the method that power is saved.In one example, receiver can receive at least one designator two kinds of code element transmission modes of indication from transmitter apparatus.These transmission modes can comprise first pattern and second pattern.In the first code element transmission mode, receiver device can be in the expansion of transmission rate enabling time and the frequency expansion at least one.In the second code element transmission mode, receiver device can be with respect to the first code element transmission mode and with in identical transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.If operate in second pattern, then receiver can reduce one of the duty ratio of fast Fourier transform module or processing speed with respect to first pattern at identical transmission rate.
Temporal extension can be included on a plurality of different frequencies and transmit same symbol at a plurality of different times.Frequency expansion can be included in and transmit same symbol on the different frequency concomitantly.
For first data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension but second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.For second data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
This receiver and/or method also can comprise: (a) if indication first pattern then receives the code element that transmits according to first pattern; And/or (b) if indication second pattern then receives the code element that transmits according to second pattern.
Receiver device can comprise receiver chain, and receiver chain comprises fast Fourier transform module.
Receiver device and ultra broadband European Computer Manufacture's Association (ECMA) 368 operating suchs.
According to the time iteration scheme when use second pattern is carried out the code element reception, this receiver device can be adapted to: the identical version that (a) receives a code element in a plurality of code elements on the transmission period at same frequency; (b) accumulate the version of receiving of this code element; (c) the forbidding fast Fourier transform until all versions that receive this code element to save power; And/or (d) use fast Fourier transform module to handle the code element of accumulating.
According to the time iteration scheme when use second pattern is carried out the code element reception, this receiver device can be adapted to: (a) receiving symbol only receives repeatedly in a plurality of code elements transmission periods once but not as in first pattern, and wherein this code element is to be transmitted than the higher power that is used for the same symbol transmission in first pattern; And/or forbid fast Fourier transform module during (b) in the first code element transmission mode, should retransmitting time period of this code element.
The accompanying drawing summary
During the detailed description set forth below understanding by reference to the accompanying drawings, it is more obvious that the feature of each side of the present invention, essence and advantage will become, and in the accompanying drawings, identical reference marker is made respective identification all the time.
Fig. 1 is the access terminal concept explanation of example of the wireless network that can operate therein of the movement that realizes ultra-wideband communications.
Fig. 2 has explained orally the example that is used for ECMA 368 ultra broadbands (UWB) frequency spectrum of Mb-ofdm (MB-OFDM).
Fig. 3 is the chart of example that explains orally time-frequency code (TFC) figure of ten TF sign indicating numbers, growth data code element on these TF sign indicating numbers all available band in the frequency band group.
Fig. 4 is the chart of example of PHY layer channelization scheme of the time-frequency code of key diagram 3.
Fig. 5 has explained orally the example how the UWB compatible equipment can transmit a plurality of code elements.
Fig. 6 has explained orally the example of physical layer (PHY) frame structure of UWB communication network.
Fig. 7 is the table of example that explains orally the modulation parameter of ECMA 368 compliant transceiver.
Fig. 8 explains orally the diagram that can how to stride a plurality of frequency expansion code elements.
Fig. 9 explains orally the diagram that can how to stride the temporal extension code element.
Figure 10 is the block diagram that accesses terminal with low-power consumption UWB communication interface.
Figure 11 explains orally the block diagram can be adapted to for the example of the transmitting set of low-power consumption.
Figure 12 is the block diagram that explains orally the more detailed example of transmitter apparatus.
How Figure 13 explanation sends code element only once but not repeatedly but the example that sends with high transmit power more.
Figure 14 explains orally time gated can be how the reduction by reaching power at the assembly of realizing closing when time gated transmitter chain.
Figure 15 has explained orally how to transmit the first identical code element repeatedly but not the transmission of use different frequency in identical frequency.
Figure 16 explains orally the block diagram that can be adapted to the low-powered transmitter of carrying out the power saving.
Figure 17 be explain orally can be how by gating is reached the block diagram that power is saved having on the transmitter apparatus of multiple mode of operation service time.
Figure 18 is how explanation is can be by having the block diagram that repeats to reach the power saving on the transmitter apparatus of multiple mode of operation service time.
Figure 19 has explained orally the method that is used for reducing in radio transmitter device power consumption.
Figure 20 has explained orally the example that is used for the method for time of implementation gating on transmitter.
Figure 21 has explained orally the example that is used for the method that the time of implementation repeats on transmitter.
Figure 22 explains orally the block diagram can be adapted to for the example of the wireless receiver of low-power consumption.
Figure 23 is the block diagram that explains orally the more detailed example of receiver device.
Figure 24 explains orally the block diagram that how receiver can be operated when transmitter gating service time.
Figure 25 explains orally the block diagram that how receiver can be operated when transmitter repeats service time.
Figure 26 explains orally the block diagram that can be adapted to the low-power receiver of carrying out the power saving.
Figure 27 is how explanation is can be by having the block diagram that repeats to reach the power saving on the receiver device of multiple mode of operation service time.
Figure 28 has explained orally the method that is used for reducing at the wireless receiving machine equipment power consumption.
Describe in detail
In the following description, provided detail so that the thorough understanding to all embodiment to be provided.Yet it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that does not have these details can put into practice these embodiment yet.For example, circuit may illustrate in order to avoid these embodiment are obscured in unnecessary details with block diagram.In other examples, known circuit, structure and technology can be shown in detail in order to avoid obscure these embodiment.
In the following description, use some term to describe some feature.Term " accesses terminal ", " communication equipment " and " UWB radio " can be used to refer to movement or Fixed Communication Units for mobile device, mobile phone, wireless terminal, the other types that access terminal and/or can communicate by letter in UWB wireless network or system interchangeably.Term " wireless network " and " communication system " can be used to refer to interchangeably for short range communication system, such as Mb-ofdm (OFDM) UMB system.Term " transceiver " refers to have both communication interfaces of transmitter and receiver ability.
Summary
Proposed that at least two kinds of solutions reduce the power consumption of UWB emittor/receiver, thereby allowed them to be implemented on the mobile communication equipment with limited power source.In one example, these features can be used for according to the ECMA-368UWB standard with data transfer rate 53.3,80,106.7,160 and/or the emittor/receiver of 200Mbps operation.
Can by utilize 53.3 and the 80Mbps pattern in during operation life period expansion and frequency expansion and 106.7,160 and the 200Mbps pattern in when operating life period expand this fact and reduce processing at UWB transmitter and receiver place.In the ECMA-368UWB standard, time and frequency expansion are used to provide diversity, improve transmission by this.Yet service time and/or frequency expansion mean that each code element (for example, OFDM code element) is located in reason separately.Can reach power consumption by the treating capacity that is reduced to each code element execution that will be transmitted reduces.In addition, also can reach remarkable power from circulation or the speed that reduces IFFT, FFT, Code And Decode piece or module and reduce (for example, power is saved).Therefore, it should be understood that the diversity gain that provides by time and frequency expansion can be sacrificed to reduce power consumption.When enough surpluses was arranged in link budget, this power save operation pattern can be opened.In other scenes, owing to using a model and essence of UWB channel, the loss of diversity gain may be MIN.
According to a kind of feature, if channel conditions instruction time and/or frequency expansion are unnecessary for transmission, but the transmitter ingoing power is saved mode of operation, and wherein service time, gating scheme or time iteration scheme were carried out transmission.In time gated scheme, code element only is transmitted once but not repeatedly, but transmits with the transmitting power that increases.Therefore, some transmitter chain assemblies can operate to save power under lower duty ratio or processing speed.In the time iteration scheme, the copy that transmits same symbol at same frequency on the transmission period in different code elements repeatedly.This is different from the way that wherein can transmit code element in different code elements on the transmission period at different frequency.Therefore, code element only can be generated once and by storage for later retransmission, allow some transmitter chain assemblies can be to operate to save power than low duty ratio or processing speed by this.
According to another feature, receiver can receive the designator of indication code element transmission mode from transmitter.A kind of code element transmission mode can be power saving mode, wherein sacrifices time and/or frequency diversity to be conducive to reduce the power consumption of transmitter and/or receiver.This designator can be indicated for example time gated scheme or time iteration scheme.In time gated scheme, the receiver receiving symbol is only once but to receive than through-put power higher under the normal condition, allows some receiver chain assemblies can be to operate to save power than low duty ratio or processing speed by this.In the time iteration scheme, at the different code elements copy of receiving symbol on the transmission period but on same frequency.Therefore, receiver can be accumulated the copy of code element in buffer or accumulator, allows some receiver chain assemblies can be to operate to save power than low duty ratio or processing speed by this in the copy of just accumulating code element.
The UWB wireless network
Fig. 1 is the access terminal concept explanation of example of the wireless network that can operate therein of the movement that realizes ultra-wideband communications.Wireless network 100 can be included in a plurality of movements of operating in the UWB frequency spectrum and access terminal 104 and 106.In various examples, wireless network 100 can be a territory net (PAN), wide area network (WAN) etc.In one example, mobile accessing terminal 104 and 106 can be included in the transceiver that ECMA 368 ultra broadbands (UWB) frequency spectrum that for example is used for Mb-ofdm (MB-OFDM) is operated.In some implementations, one or more being adapted to during these access terminal provides plural mould operation, and wherein terminal can be communicated by letter in a plurality of dissimilar communication interfaces.For example, multiple access terminal can comprise and is adapted to one or more communication interfaces of communicating by letter at code division multiple access (CDMA) system, time division multiple access (TDMA) system, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system and/or OFDM (OFDMA) system and similar system.This type of communication interface can be followed such as ECMA-368, third generation partnership projects (3GPP), Long Term Evolution standards such as (LTE).According to a feature, accessing terminal 104 and/or 106 can comprise low-power consumption UWB communication interface.
Foreword-UWB network example
Ultra broadband (UWB) can permit using low relatively power high-speed transfer mass data on wide relatively frequency band range in short distance.The UWB system has and the proportional capacity of the logarithm of its bandwidth and signal to noise ratio (snr).The UWB system can utilize the signal extension characteristic, and namely when the short pulse of carry electrode in time domain, pulse signal is expansion broadly in frequency domain.Because the series of short duration pulse is expanded with executive communication, but so the UWB system chopped pulse repetition period, and the energy density that the per unit frequency is launched is down to the level lower than the energy density of thermal noise.In the UWB system, can determine transmission band according to the waveform of pulse.The UWB signal is the spread spectrum form, even therefore have the anti-fading protection that also provides under the situation about disturbing to a certain degree.The UWB system can be time gated, therefore can consume less power.
Fig. 2 has explained orally the example that is used for ECMA 368 ultra broadbands (UWB) frequency spectrum 202 of Mb-ofdm (MB-OFDM).Ultra broadband (UWB) has become the solution of the application (such as wireless files transmission and dynamic image distribution) of benefiting from high relatively bandwidth.The ECMA-368 standard is for utilizing no license 3,100-10, the Wireless Personal Network (PAN) of the data transfer rate of 600MHz frequency band, support 53.3Mb/s, 80Mb/s, 106.7Mb/s, 160Mb/s, 200Mb/s, 320Mb/s, 400Mb/s and 480Mb/s has been specified ultra broadband (UWB) physical layer (PHY).
In this example, UWB frequency spectrum 202 is divided into ten four (14) individual frequency bands at spectral range 3.1GHz in 10.6GHz, and each frequency band is that 528MHz is wide.These frequency bands can further be organized into 5 frequency band groups.For example, preceding ten two (12) individual frequency bands can be organized as each four (4) individual frequency band group that are made of three (3) individual frequency bands subsequently, and latter two frequency band is organized as the 5th frequency band group.That is, frequency band group #1 can comprise frequency band 1-3; Frequency band group #2 can comprise frequency band 4-6; Frequency band group #3 can comprise frequency band 7-9; Frequency band group #4 can comprise frequency band 10-12; And frequency band group #5 can comprise frequency band 13-14.By having 4 three frequency band groups of adjoining, little under the comparable upper frequency of the path loss under the lower frequency, lower band is preferred thus.Some hardware of UWB physical layer (PHY) are realized using only frequency band group, and (being generally lowest band group #1), but other PHY realize using a plurality of frequency band groups.Supporting the design of the PHY of a plurality of frequency band groups all to have this fact of same band to #5 by frequency band group #1 simplifies.Therefore, PHY transmitter or receiver can be tuned in preceding 4 frequency band groups any by changing local oscillator frequencies simply.Before (at the transmitter place) up-conversion or the common filtering after (at the receiver place) down-conversion and processing can be applied to the wide frequency band of 528MHz, and need not manage selected frequency band group, reduce circuit complexity thus.In another embodiment, additional frequency bands group #6 can be defined by comprising frequency band 9,10 and 11.
The ECMA-368 standard has been specified in order to transmit multi-band orthogonal division modulation (MB-OFDM) scheme of information.Every frequency band uses altogether, and 110 subcarriers (100 data carriers and 10 protection carrier waves) come transmission information.In addition, 12 pilot subcarriers allow relevant the detection.Frequency domain expansion (FDS), time domain expansion (TDS) and forward error correction (FEC) coding are used to change data transfer rate.Employed FEC is the convolution code with encoding rate of 1/3,1/2,5/8 and 3/4.
Coded-bit can be gathered into per 100 or the group of 200 bits.Can use such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying known modulation techniques such as (QPSK) and will organize interior bit to being modulated on all data tones (being generally 100) that generally in one of all 528MHz frequency band, equidistantly separate.The code element that is associated with the uniqueness piconet can be assigned specific in 6 frequency band groups, and can be assigned the uniqueness time-frequency code in the frequency band group by further assigning.The frequency band of assigning at subsequent code element can change in time or keep constant according to time-frequency code.
Can define the uniqueness logic channel by each frequency band group being used to reaching 10 different time-frequency codes (TFC).Time-frequency code can be by the employed Jump Graph of ECMA 368 signals.In one example, can there be three types pattern.The first kind can be that time-frequency interweaves (TFI), and can be included in the central signal that jumps with various patterns of three frequency bands in the frequency band group.Be coded in second type and interweave on two frequency bands in the same frequency band group and be called as two frequency band TFI or TFI2.The 3rd type can be called as fixed frequency and interweave (FFT), and wherein signal can not jump but rest in the frequency band.The length of TFC sign indicating number can be n code element (wherein n is integer value), so it is repeated several times at least during dividing into groups.
Fig. 3 is the chart 302 of example that explains orally time-frequency code (TFC) pattern of ten TF sign indicating numbers, growth data code element on these TF sign indicating numbers all available band in the frequency band group.Sign indicating number figure can determine which frequency band in three (3) in the frequency band group individual (perhaps being 2 in the situation of the frequency band group #5) available band can be used to the data symbols in succession from given piconet.For example, allocated frequency band group #1 and inspection TFC 1 can sequentially transmit data symbols, and ad infinitum repeat in frequency band 1, frequency band 2, frequency band 3, frequency band 1, frequency band 2, frequency band 3.In frequency band group 2, use identical TFC 1 sequentially in frequency band 4, frequency band 5, frequency band 6, frequency band 4, frequency band 5, frequency band 6, to transmit data, and ad infinitum repeat.Each network can be assigned and the interior uniqueness TFC of this frequency band group in all frequency band groups.
Fig. 4 is the chart 402 of example of PHY layer channelization scheme of the TFC of key diagram 3.Chart 402 shows medium access control (MAC) channel number to the mapping of PHY frequency band group and TF sign indicating number and is used for TFC and the corresponding repetition frequency band number sequence of data symbols in succession, and each TFC can not change in time.Can define the uniqueness logic channel by each frequency band group being used to reaching 10 different TFC sign indicating numbers.Channel number can be got the value of 0-255 (decimal system).
In one embodiment, channel number 9-15 can be compulsory.The channel that uses TFC 1-4 can be aforesaid time-frequency (TFI) channel that interweaves, and can be aforesaid fixed frequency (FFI) channel that interweaves and use those channels of TFC 5-7.May need to search for therein in order to find the result of the large volumes of channels of correct TFC as capture device, the UWB initial acquisition may be the utmost point slowly.
Fig. 5 has explained orally the example how the UWB compatible equipment can transmit a plurality of code elements.Each code element 502 can comprise OFDM code element part 504 and zero filling suffix portion 506.These code elements can transmit in a plurality of frequencies according to time-frequency code (for example, explaining orally among Fig. 3 and 4).In this example, three frequency bands (frequency band A, frequency band B and frequency band C) are used to transfer of data, wherein the first code element S1 transmits in the centre frequency of first frequency band " frequency band A ", the second code element S2 transmits at second frequency band " frequency band B ", the 3rd code element S3 transmits at the 3rd frequency band " frequency band C ", and the 4th code element S4 transmits at first frequency band " frequency band A ", and the 5th code element S5 transmits at second frequency band " frequency band B ", the 6th code element S6 transmits at the 3rd frequency band " frequency band C ", etc.For example, if the TFC#1 among Fig. 3 is used to transmission, then frequency band A is frequency band #1 (Fig. 2), and frequency band B is frequency band #2 (Fig. 2), and frequency band C is frequency band #3 (Fig. 2).
Fig. 6 has explained orally the example of physical layer (PHY) frame structure of UWB communication network.As mentioned above, physical layer convergence protocol (plcp) can be provided for service data unit (SDU) is converted to the method for protocol Data Unit (PDU).PLCP PDU (PPDU) can comprise three components: PLCP preamble 602, PLCP head 604 and PLCP SDU (PSDU) 606.PLCP head 604 can comprise physics head (" PHY head "), tail bit or tail code element (" TS "), medium access control head (" MAC head "), header check sequence (" HCS ") and filling bit or filling bit (" SB ").PSDU 606 can comprise frame payload, data SNR+ Frame Check Sequence (" FCS "), tail bit or tail code element (" TS ") and filling bit or filling bit (" SB ").
Preamble 602 can comprise two parts: be used for the synchronous time domain part of packet/frame, follow frequency domain part for channel estimating afterwards.Preamble 602 can be used to during the transmitting/receiving process synchronously, carrier shift compensation and the equilibrium of receiving signal.The uniqueness preamble sequence can be assigned to each TFC.The PHY head can be used to show such as information such as the data transfer rate of scrambled code, mac frame and data lengths.The MAC head can be used to display frame conditioning signal, network identifier (" PNID "), destination identifier (" DestID "), source identifier (" SrcID "), segmentation control information and stream index information.
HCS can be used to detect the mistake that takes place in PHY head and the MAC head.In data+FCS, data field can be used to transmit data and enciphered data thereof.Error detection occurs in the data that the FCS field can be used to just be transmitted.Bit among the SB can be that to be inserted into to generate size can be the dummy bit type of data+FCS of integral multiple that is applied to the symbol size of desired data rate.Therefore, when the size of data+FCS be that SB can need not to be inserted into when being applied to the integral multiple of symbol size of desired data rate.
Fig. 7 is the table of example that explains orally the modulation parameter of ECMA 368 compliant transceiver.Can be observed in this example, for data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps, service time and frequency expansion, and for data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps, only expansion service time.Frequency domain expansion (FDS), time domain expansion (TDS) and forward error correction (FEC) coding are used to change data transfer rate.Employed FEC is the convolution code with encoding rate of 1/3,1/2,5/8 and 3/4.For 200Mb/s and lower data transfer rate, binary data is mapped on the QPSK constellation.For the data transfer rate of 320Mb/s and Geng Gao, binary data will use two carrier modulation (DCM) technology to be mapped on the multi-dimensional constellation.
Encoded data can use time-frequency code (TFC) to expand, as explaining orally in Fig. 3 and 4.The ECMA-368 standard has been specified two types time-frequency code (TFC): a kind of is that encoded information interweaves at 3 frequency bands, is called time-frequency interweave (TFI); And a kind of be that encoded information transmits at single frequency band, be called fixed frequency interweave (FFI).In in preceding 4 frequency band groups each, 4 time-frequency codes that use TFI and 3 time-frequency codes that use FFI have been defined; Provide by this most nearly support of 7 channels of every frequency band.For the 5th frequency band group, two time-frequency codes that use FFI have been defined.This ECMA-368 standard is specified 30 channels altogether.
Frequency expansion-principle
Fig. 8 explains orally the diagram that can how to stride a plurality of frequency expansion code elements.In order to make transmission more not be subject to noise and interference effect, can adopt frequency expansion, wherein stride a plurality of frequency repetition symbols to transmit.For example, in Fig. 8, code element s1 at time t0 (or given transmission time slot) at frequency (or frequency band) f a, f b, f cAnd f dLast transmission.That is the first version s1 of code element s1, aAt first frequency f aLast transmission, the second version s1 of code element s1 bAt second frequency f bLast transmission, this s1 of the third edition of code element s1 cIn the 3rd frequency f cLast transmission, and the 4th version s1 of code element s1 dIn the 4th frequency f dLast transmission.This type of frequency expansion can be at frequency band (for example, the frequency band 1,2,3 of Fig. 2 ... 14) in and/or stride frequency band group (for example, the frequency band group 1,2 of Fig. 3 ... 6) a plurality of frequency bands in take place.Notice that as conception herein, " frequency expansion " can comprise other schemes, comprises the frequency expansion scheme for the OFDM transmission system.
Though frequency expansion helps to improve the frequency spectrum diversity of each code element that transmits, mean that also code element is transmitted repeatedly, cause more power consumptions of transmitter apparatus.Equally, receiver device can consume more power, conciliates phase modulation code element together repeatedly because it has to receive.
In one example, this type of frequency expansion can be realized by the FLEX frequency level expander 1208 of the transmitter 1202 of Figure 12.Equally, the frequency despreading can be realized by the frequency despreader 2134 of the receiver of Figure 21.
In ECMA 368 standards, realize frequency expansion, wherein concomitantly send encoded bit or code element with 80Mbps four different accent on (for example, frequency or frequency band) frequently at data transfer rate 53.3.Similarly, concomitantly send identical encoded bit or code element with 200Mbps two different accent frequently at data transfer rate 106.7,160.
According to a feature, under some environment, frequency expansion can be closed in order to save the power at transmitter and/or receiver place.This some emittor/receiver assembly that also allows to circulate is with further saving power.
Temporal extension-principle
Fig. 9 explains orally the diagram that can how to stride the temporal extension code element.In order to make transmission more not be subject to noise and interference effect, can adopt frequency expansion, wherein go up repetition symbols in the different transmission times and at different frequency (or frequency band).For example, at time t0, transmit the first code element s1.Subsequently, at the later time t0+i that just transmits the second code element s2, again but at second frequency f bTransmit the first code element s1.At the later time t0+2i that just transmits the 3rd code element s3, again but in the 3rd frequency f cTransmit the first code element s1.Similarly, at the later time t0+3i that just transmits the 4th code element s4, again but in the 4th frequency f dTransmit the first code element s1.In this example, use transmitting power P 0Transmit code element s1.Though temporal extension helps to improve the frequency spectrum diversity of each code element that transmits, mean that also code element is transmitted repeatedly, cause more power consumptions of transmitter apparatus.Equally, receiver device can consume more power, conciliates phase modulation code element together repeatedly because it has to receive.
In ECMA 368 standards, realize temporal extension, wherein send encoded bit or code element four times (for example, on different frequency or frequency band) at data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps.Similarly, at data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps, send twice of identical encoded bit or code element.
According to a feature, under some environment, temporal extension can be closed in order to save the power at transmitter and/or receiver place.This some emittor/receiver assembly that also allows to circulate is with further saving power.
Notice that the code element that explains orally among Fig. 8 and 9 can be the OFDM code element that can be represented as the multiple code element with real component and imaginary component.These details are omitted for simplicity.
Should also be noted that, realize the occasion of frequency and temporal extension in ECMA 368 standards, encoded bit or code element can be sent out four times and be sent out twice two different accent frequently with 200Mbps at data transfer rate 106.7,160 at four different accent frequently with 80Mbps at data transfer rate 53.3.
Example accesses terminal
Figure 10 is the block diagram that accesses terminal with low-power consumption UWB communication interface.In this example, accessing terminal 1002 can comprise the treatment circuit 1004 that is coupled to network communication interface 1006 communicatedly, accesses terminal 1002 can communicate by letter with wireless network 1008 by network communication interface 1006.Network communication interface 1006 can be to comprise being adapted to the transmitter 1010 of communicating by letter at the UWB wireless network and/or the transceiver of receiver 1012.In certain embodiments, access terminal and 1002 also can comprise and be adapted to the complementary network communication interface of communicating by letter at dissimilar wireless networks.According to various examples, accessing terminal 1002 can be movement or the fixed communication apparatus of mobile device, mobile phone, wireless terminal, personal communication devices, mobile computing device, mobile digital media player and/or other types.
Access terminal and 1002 can be powered by power source 1014 (for example, rechargeable battery).In order to prolong the working life of power source, for example prolong the operating time between recharging, network communication interface 1006 can comprise the one or more features for the power consumption that reduces UWB transmission/reception.
Low-powered transmitter
Figure 11 explains orally the block diagram can be adapted to for the example of the transmitting set of low-power consumption.Transmitter 1102 can comprise the digital baseband processor 1104 of handling input data 1110.Radio modulator 1106 can receive treated input data and it is modulated into the output data to carry out wireless transmission at antenna 1108 from digital baseband processor 1104.Antenna 1108 can be gone up at wireless network (for example, UWB network) and transmit output data 1112.
Figure 12 is the block diagram that explains orally the more detailed example of transmitter apparatus.In one example, one or more in the assembly that explains orally among Figure 12 can be the baseband processor 1104 of Figure 11 and/or the part of radio modulator 1106.
In transmitter 1202; through the input data of scrambling (for example, be used for transmit data) from convolution coder and interleaver 1204 be delivered to constellation mapper 1206, to FLEX frequency level expander 1208 (it is at the frequency domain growth data) and be delivered to pilot tone/sky unit/protection frequency and transfer inserter 1210 to generate encoded code element stream.
Deserializer 1212 converts encoded code element stream to a plurality of parallel flows subsequently, and these parallel flows are handled so that encoded code element is transformed into frequency domain from time domain by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module 1214.Parallel-to-serial converter 1216 converts parallel data stream to the serial data stream of OFDM code element subsequently.Notice that in this example, zero filling suffix (ZPS) is affixed to the OFDM code element.ZPS can be 37 bit long and be affixed to altogether 165 bits of 128 point data to obtain to be changed by parallel-to-serial converter 1216.Time spreading device 1218 is this serial data of expansion in time domain subsequently, and digital to analog converter 1120 becomes one or more analog signals with this data transaction.Transmitter analog filter 1122 is used to remove irrelevant frequency, and the analog signal that the result obtains is modulated to transmit at antenna 1126 from the tranmitting frequency of frequency synthesizer 1124.
In typical operation, FLEX frequency level expander 1208 is striden different frequency and is repeated identical code element repeatedly (repetition).For example, in ECMA 368 standards, encoded bit or code element are sent out four times and are sent out twice two different accent frequently with 200Mbps at data transfer rate 106.7,160 at four different accent frequently with 80Mbps at data transfer rate 53.3.This causes IFFT module 1214 and digital to analog converter 1220 operations very soon and consumes a lot of power.Equally, in time spreading device 1218 exercisable patterns, it causes identical code element to be repeated at different time, thereby causes transmitter and receiver equipment that extra power consumption is arranged.
Under some environment, might reduce the power consumption of transmitter 1202 by sacrifice frequency diversity and/or time diversity.That is, be not (for example, to have full rate and/or time diversity) in a usual manner to come operate transmitters 1202, can reduce or eliminate (under some environment) frequency and/or temporal extension to reduce power consumption.For example, in the channel conditions situation of good relatively (for example, existing MIN signal strength signal intensity and/or noise or interference to be lower than threshold level), frequency of utilization and/or temporal extension have been wasted limited power resource.Therefore, feature provides if determine communication channel and has had the operation that the interference that is lower than specific threshold and/or noise are then revised transmitter (and receiver).Under this type of environment, can eliminate and/or reduce frequency and/or temporal extension and not appreciable impact transmission (for example, not influencing data transmission rate).
Below describe two kinds of ways that can when the channel conditions permission is eliminated and/or reduced frequency and/or time diversity (expansion), cause transmitter (and receiver) reduction power consumption, be called time gated and the code element repetition.Can reach this power and save, still keep the identical effective speed from transmitted from transmitter to receiver simultaneously.
According to can the emission hands-operation time gated example, FLEX frequency level expander 1208 and/or time spreading device 1218 can be closed or inoperation (not circulating), DAC 1220, TX analog filter 1222, frequency synthesizer 1224 and/or antenna 1226 passes capable of circulation/open simultaneously.Simultaneously, pilot tone/sky unit/protection transfers inserter 1210, deserializer 1212, IFFT module 1214 and/or parallel-to-serial converter 1216 closing/to open (for example, than low duty ratio) than operation under the low velocity or circulation frequently.In some instances, preferred way can be to operate these equipment than low velocity.
According to the example that can repeat in the time of emission hands-operation, FLEX frequency level expander 1208 and/or time spreading device 1218 can be closed or inoperation (not circulating).Simultaneously, the unit/protection of pilot tone/sky is transferred inserter 1210, deserializer 1212, IFFT module 1214 and/or parallel-to-serial converter 1216 passes capable of circulation/open (for example, changing duty ratio) frequently or is being operated than under the low velocity.In some instances, preferred way can be to operate these equipment than low velocity.
The alternative of time gated-temporal extension
According to first feature, be not to send code element repeatedly (for example, twice or four times), and be to use more power to send code element only once.That is, in the ECMA-368 standard, a code element (or encoded bit) can be sent out four times and be sent out twice two different accent frequently with 200Mbps at data transfer rate 106.7,160 at four different accent frequently with 80Mbps at data transfer rate 53.3.
How Figure 13 explanation sends code element only once but not repeatedly but the example that sends with high transmit power more.Compare with Fig. 9 that frequency is sent out at four different times with code element s1 wherein, in this way, code element s1 only is sent out once but sends with more power.Therefore, code element s1 is not that (as among Fig. 9) is retransmitted in follow-up time section t0+i, t0+2i and t0+3i, but (during time period t 0) only is transmitted once.According to a kind of realization, the number of times that the increase of transmitting power and code element should be repeated is proportional.For example, in the ECMA-368 standard, code element s1 available launch power P 0Be sent out four times.Yet according to replacement way described herein, identical code element s1 only is sent out once but with power P 0Four times of (or i.e. 4 * P 0) be sent out.Be different from conventional way, code element s1 is not repeated in the subsequent transmission time slot.
For with the transmitter of ECMA 368 operating suchs, for data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps, code element only is transmitted once (but not four times) with four times of initial power.Similarly, for data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps, code element only is sent out once (but not twice) with the twice of initial power.
Because code element s1 only is transmitted once (but not repeatedly), therefore some transmitter modules can be closed in those time durations circulations that no longer transmit.For example, in Figure 12, the assembly in IFFT module 1214 and/or the transmitter chain after IFFT module 1214 (for example, digital to analog converter 1220, TX analog filter 1222 etc.) can be closed.
Figure 14 explains orally time gated can be how the reduction by reaching power at the assembly of realizing closing when time gated transmitter chain.In typical way, code element s1 is transmitted four times at different time and (is shown s1 a, s1 b, s1 c, s1 d).Yet by not repeating but with the more high-power code element s1 that transmits, some transmitter chain assemblies (such as IFFT module 1214, parallel-to-serial converter 1216, time spreading device 1218, digital to analog converter 1220 and TX analog filter 1222) can be recycled and close.
According to a kind of way, IFFT module 1214 can be by with previous identical speed operation but can be recycled ON/OFF to save power at the time durations that is no longer transmitting code element.For example, for ECMA 368 standards, under data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps (wherein code element is transmitted at four different times usually), IFFT module 1214 can only open for 1/4th time (as explaining orally among Figure 14), and this code element only is transmitted once with four times of initial power therebetween.That is, IFFT module 1214 is opened in a code element transmission and is closed in ensuing three code elements transmission.Similarly, data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps under (wherein code element is transmitted at two different times usually), IFFT module 1214 can be opened the time of half, this code element only is transmitted once with the twice of initial power therebetween.That is, IFFT module 1214 is opened in a code element transmission and is closed in next code element transmission.
According to second way, IFFT module 1214 can be by moving to save power than the slow speed of routine realization.For example, for ECMA 368 standards, (wherein code element four different times in a time period be transmitted) usually under data transfer rate 53.3 and the 80Mbps, IFFT module 1214 can move to transmit code element only once with 1/4th of initial velocity in the whole time period.That is, IFFT module 1214 is opened in the whole time period but only with 1/4th operations of initial velocity, is saved power by this.Similarly, data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps under (wherein code element two different times in a time period be transmitted) usually, IFFT module 1214 can be in the whole time period moves to transmit code element only once with half of its initial velocity.That is, IFFT module 1214 is opened in the whole time period but with only half operation of initial velocity, is saved power by this.
The alternative of time repetition-frequency expansion
According to second feature, be not that (as in the frequency expansion of Fig. 8) sends code element repeatedly at different frequency, but send code element in identical frequency or frequency accent at every turn.In the ECMA-368 standard, a code element (or encoded bit) is sent out four times and is sent out twice two different accent frequently with 200Mbps at data transfer rate 106.7,160 at four different accent frequently with 80Mbps at data transfer rate 53.3.Therefore, in the time of will sending code element, it is modulated onto (as explaining orally in Fig. 8 and 9) in different frequencies or the frequency accent at every turn.In this method, code element is modulated onto in the frequency and only once (transfers at first frequency or frequency), stored and be sent out repeatedly.By storing this code element, IFFT module 1214 can avoid generating this code element at every turn.Therefore, can reduce duty ratio or the processing speed of IFFT module 1214, save power by this.In addition, FLEX frequency level expander module 1208 and/or temporal extension module 1218 are closed.
Figure 15 has explained orally how in identical frequency f aThe last first identical code element s1 many times of transmission but not use different frequency to transmit.In this example, during time period t 0, t0+i, t0+2i and t0+3i and in identical frequency f aLast transmission first code element only once.
In this way, stored by a digital baseband block generation code element (for example, the OFDM code element) and the output of IFFT at the transmitter place, it simulated with the RF assembly and handles to be transmitted as current code element at time t0 simultaneously.Subsequently, the output of the IFFT that stores (code element of for example, storing) simulated with the RF assembly and repeatedly handle to be transmitted in an identical manner in the follow-up transmission period.For example, for 53.3 and the data transfer rate of 80Mbps, the code element of storing is transmitted three times again.For 106.7,160 and the data transfer rate of 200Mbps, the code element of storing is transmitted once again.Therefore, FLEX frequency level expander 1208 and IFFT module 1214 for 53.3 and 80Mbps can close three code-element periods and for 106.7,160 and 200Mbps can close a code-element period.Another option be make IFFT module 1214 at data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps with 1/4th speed operation and at data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps with half speed operation.
In one example, described herein time gated mutually exclusive with the time iteration scheme, make that their possibly can't executed in parallel.Notice that these technology can coexist as in transmitter or the receiver but only can realize one at any one time.
The example low-powered transmitter
Figure 16 explains orally the block diagram that can be adapted to the low-powered transmitter of carrying out the power saving.In this block diagram, some transmitter modules have been omitted or have made up for purpose clearly.However, it should be understood that optional equipment can be the part of transmitter 1602 and do not deviate from its novelty.Transmitter 1602 can comprise transmitter chain 1604, channel monitoring module 1606 and/or antenna 1608.Channel monitoring module 1606 can be adapted to monitor transmissions channel (for example, obtaining frequency band or the frequency band group of appointment) to determine one or more characteristics of radio channels, such as desired signal intensity, interchannel noise, Noise Background and/or interference.If characteristics of radio channels (for example, desired signal intensity, interchannel noise, Noise Background, interference etc.) be lower than acceptable threshold level, but transmitter 1602 ingoing power save modes are then wherein sacrificed frequency and/or time diversity and are exchanged for and utilize less power during the transmission.That is, in first (typical case) mode of operation, transmitter 1602 can adopt frequency diversity (for example, frequency expansion) and/or time diversity (for example, temporal extension) from transmission.Yet if channel conditions is lower than acceptable threshold level (for example, noise or disturb low relatively), transmitter can enter second mode of operation (for example, power saving mode), wherein still transmits but transmits with less frequency and/or time diversity.
Transmitter chain 1604 can comprise encoder/interleaver/mapper 1604, and it receives input data 1610, handles input data (for example, code element or a plurality of code element) and it is passed to FLEX frequency level expander 1615.In first mode of operation, FLEX frequency level expander 1615 can transmit the next code element applying frequency diversity in the input data of identical code element concomitantly by transferring at different frequencies, frequency band or frequency.Code element from FLEX frequency level expander 1615 is delivered to IFFT module 1616 subsequently---in this this code element conversion in frequency domain, and be delivered to time spreading device 1618---in time domain, be expanded to provide time diversity in this this code element.Digital to analog converter (DAC) 1620 converts numeric code to analog signal subsequently.The signal power of the scalable output signal from DAC1620 of amplifier 1622.One or more radio frequencies (RF) equipment 1624 (for example, filter, synthesizer etc.) can be handled from the output signal of amplifier 1622 and via antenna 1608 these signals of emission.
If channel monitoring module 1606 has determined that characteristics of radio channels or situation are lower than acceptable threshold level, then transmitter can enter second mode of operation.In this second mode of operation, can for saving, reduce power and/or eliminate frequency and/or time diversity.Be in the example of UWB transmitter at transmitter, the essence of UWB channel and lack noise or disturb and can allow the time of saving and/or frequency diversity and can the appreciable impact transmission.
In one implementation, transmitter 1602 can be realized time gated (as previously described) during second mode of operation.That is, be not (as among Fig. 9) on different time sections with transmitting power P 0Transmit identical code element repeatedly, but time gatedly transmit code element only once with higher transmitting power.In one example, transmitting power can be directly and the former number of times that should be transmitted of code element proportional.For example, if code element under normal circumstances should transmit four times, then the new transmitting power of this single code element is 4 * P 0Therefore, even sacrificed time and frequency diversity, the single code element that transmits is more likely correctly received, because it has higher transmitting power.Yet because IFFT module 1616 (and may also have FLEX frequency level expander 1615 and/or time spreading device 1616) closes, DAC 1620 can close in the time durations circulation of repetition symbols no longer.For reaching this measure, amplifier 1622 can be adapted to and increase its transmitting power when making in second mode of operation operation.
In another implementation, transmitter 1602 can instead the realization time repeats (as previously described) during second mode of operation.Namely, be not (as explaining orally among Fig. 9) to transmit identical code element repeatedly at different frequency during different time sections, identical code element only is generated once, is stored in the code element storage 1617 and at same frequency and is transmitted repeatedly (explaining orally in as Figure 15).Notice that in case code element is stored in the code element storage 1617, FLEX frequency level expander 1615 and/or time spreading device 1618 can be de-energized (and acyclic closing), because do not need them to come to generate identical code element at different frequency.Simultaneously, IFFT module 1616 can be recycled and close/open (for example, the change of duty ratio) or it can operated than under the low velocity.
Notice that channel monitoring module 1606 monitoring channel characteristic or situation serially, periodically or regularly changes determining whether.Be higher than threshold level as if the characteristic of channel, then 1602 changeable times first mode of operations of transmitter.In addition, in order just to transmit data according to second mode of operation to receiver indication transmitter, transmitter can be to receiver sending mode designator.
In a few thing pattern, transmitter 1602 can be adapted to realize time gated with the time iteration scheme but do not realize the two in the identical time.That is, under some channel conditions, can select time gated, but and under other channel conditions select time repeat.
Therefore, channel monitoring module and transmitter chain are provided to radio transmitter device.The channel monitoring module is adapted to the characteristics of radio channels of determining between transmitter apparatus and the receiver device (for example, desired signal intensity, interchannel noise or interference).Transmitter chain can comprise at least one in inverse fast Fourier transform module and time spreading device and the FLEX frequency level expander.Transmitter chain can be adapted to: (1) if characteristics of radio channels is higher than threshold level and then selects the first code element transmission mode, in the first code element transmission mode with in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion at least one; And/or (2) if characteristics of radio channels is lower than threshold level and then selects the second code element transmission mode, in the second code element transmission mode with respect to the first code element transmission mode and with identical transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and in the frequency expansion at least one.That is, for first data transmission rate (for example, 106.7,160 or 200Mbps), the first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension but second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.Similarly, for second data transmission rate (for example, 53.3 or 80Mbps), the first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
If transmitter chain can further be adapted to one of the disabled duty ratio that then reduces the inverse fast Fourier transform module of at least one in time spreading device or the FLEX frequency level expander or speed, wherein the transfer rate from radio transmitter device keeps identical, and no matter the duty ratio of inverse fast Fourier transform module or reducing of speed.Transmitter chain can further be adapted to converts code element to analog signal to transmit at the super wideband wireless channel that is associated with this characteristics of radio channels from numeral.Transmitter chain can further be adapted to receiver device and be sent about at least one the disabled designator in time spreading device and the FLEX frequency level expander.
According to some realizations, transmitter chain just realizing Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) but the time of implementation in when modulation repeats and is time gated, but time of implementation repetition and time gated when it is just realizing two carrier modulation (DCM).
Figure 17 be explain orally can be how by gating is reached the block diagram that power is saved having on the transmitter apparatus of multiple mode of operation service time.Transmitter chain can comprise encoder/interleaver 1702, frequency domain spreader (FDS) 1704, inverse fast Fourier transform module (IFFT) 1706, time domain expander (TDS) 1708, digital to analog converter (DAC) 1710, amplifier 1712, other radio frequency transmission equipment 1714 and antenna 1718.Mode selector 1716 can be by opening or closing, regulate its duty ratio with one or more in the transmitter chain assembly and/or its processing speed that slows down is controlled its operation.How table 1720 has explained orally in first transmission mode (normal running) and second transmission mode (power save operation) example of operate transmitters chain component.Mode selector 1716 can be as explaining orally each transmitter chain assembly of ground configuration in the table 1720.For example, during power is saved, FDS 1704 and/or TDS 1708 can be closed, IFFT module 1706 can be recycled and close/(for example opens, reduce its duty ratio) or to operate than jogging speed, and DAC 1710 and/or RF equipment 1714 can be strobed or circulate (for example, reducing its duty ratio) to reach the power saving.Simultaneously, amplifier 1712 is conditioned to amplify the signal transmission that spreads out of; Such as at 106.7,160 and the transfer rate of 200Mbps be the 3dB power amplification or at 53.3 and the transfer rate of 80Mbps be the 6dB power amplification.
Figure 18 is how explanation is can be by having the block diagram that repeats to reach the power saving on the transmitter apparatus of multiple mode of operation service time.For explaining orally purpose, utilize in this example to Figure 17 in similar transmitter chain.Transmitter chain can comprise encoder/interleaver 1802, frequency domain spreader (FDS) 1804, inverse fast Fourier transform module (IFFT) 1806, time domain expander (TDS) 1808, digital to analog converter (DAC) 1810, amplifier 1812, other radio frequency transmission equipment 1814 and antenna 1818.Mode selector 1816 can be by opening or closing, regulate its duty ratio with one or more in the transmitter chain assembly and/or its processing speed that slows down is controlled its operation.How table 1820 has explained orally in first transmission mode (normal running) and second transmission mode (power save operation) example of operate transmitters chain component.Mode selector 1816 can be as explaining orally each transmitter chain assembly of ground configuration in the table 1820.For example, during power was saved, FDS 1804 and/or TDS 1808 can be closed, and IFFT module 1806 can be recycled and close/and open (for example, reducing its duty ratio) or save to operate to reach power than jogging speed.Simultaneously, DAC 1810 and/or RF equipment 1814 can normally be operated and amplifier 1812 is de-energized (do not have amplify).
In some implementations, mode selector can cause transmitter chain to be operated according to normal mode of operation, time gated power saving mode (as explaining orally among Figure 17) and/or time repetition power saving mode (as explaining orally among Figure 18).
Figure 19 has explained orally the method that is used for reducing in radio transmitter device power consumption.Determine or find out characteristics of radio channels (1902) between transmitter apparatus and the receiver device.Can determine that subsequently whether this characteristic of channel is less than threshold level (1904).According to some examples, characteristics of radio channels can comprise find out following at least one: desired signal intensity, interchannel noise, Noise Background or interference level.Threshold level can be to think the value that can accept the time of carrying out and/or frequency diversity.For example, threshold level can be desired signal intensity threshold, interchannel noise threshold value, Noise Background threshold value, interference level threshold value, its combination or inverse.
If characteristics of radio channels is higher than threshold level and then selects first transmission mode, in first transmission mode with at least one (1906) in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion.If selected the first code element transmission mode, then at least one in up time expansion and the frequency expansion transmits code element (1908) to receiver device subsequently.Temporal extension can be included in the different editions that a plurality of different times transmit same symbol.Frequency expansion can be included in and transmit same symbol on the different frequency concomitantly.
Otherwise, if characteristics of radio channels is lower than threshold level and then can selects second transmission mode, in second transmission mode with respect to the first code element transmission mode and with identical transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and at least one (1910) in the frequency expansion.For example, for first data transmission rate (for example, 106.7,160 or 200Mbps), the first code element transmission mode can utilize temporal extension but the second code element transmission mode can be forbidden temporal extension.Similarly, for second data transmission rate (for example, 53.3 or 80Mbps), the first code element transmission mode can utilize temporal extension and frequency expansion but the second code element transmission mode can be forbidden at least one in temporal extension and the frequency expansion.
During the second code element transmission mode, can reduce duty ratio or the speed of (in the transmitter chain) inverse fast Fourier transform module, wherein keep identical from the transfer rate of radio transmitter device, and no matter the reducing of the duty ratio of inverse fast Fourier transform module or speed (1912).Also can send at least one disabled designator (1914) in instruction time expansion and the frequency expansion to receiver device.If selected the second code element transmission mode, then can in temporal extension that forbidding is enabled and in the frequency expansion at least one, transmit code element (1916) in the first code element transmission mode subsequently.
Note, can convert code element to analog signal to transmit at the super wideband wireless channel that is associated with this characteristics of radio channels from numeral.
Figure 20 has explained orally the example that is used for the method for time of implementation gating on transmitter.This time gated method can realize by following operation: (a) use the inverse fast Fourier transform module to generate the OFDM code element (2002) that is used for transmission; (b) use than in the first code element transmission mode, transmitting this OFDM code element only once (2004) for the bigger transmitting power that transmits code element to receiver device; And/or (c) in the first code element transmission mode, should retransmit forbidding inverse fast Fourier transform module (2006) during time period of this OFDM code element.
Figure 21 has explained orally the example that is used for the method that the time of implementation repeats on transmitter.This time repetition methods can realize by following operation: (a) use the inverse fast Fourier transform module that code element is modulated to first frequency to obtain OFDM code element (2102); (b) storage is through Modulation OFDM code element (2104); (c) transmit through Modulation OFDM code element (2106) to receiver device on the transmission period in code element; (d) other code elements on the transmission period to receiver device retransmit store through Modulation OFDM code element (2108); And/or (e) retransmitting the forbidding inverse fast Fourier transform module during these other code elements transmission periods of modulated symbol store to save power (2110).
The low-power receiver
Figure 22 explains orally the block diagram can be adapted to for the example of the wireless receiver of low-power consumption.Receiver 2202 can comprise the radio demodulation device 2206 that receives input data 2210 via antenna 2204 from network (for example, UWB network).The input data that receive can handle to produce output data 2212 by digital baseband processor 2208.
Figure 23 is the block diagram that explains orally the more detailed example of receiver device.In one example, one or more in the assembly that explains orally among Figure 23 can be the radio modulator 2206 of Figure 22 and/or the part of baseband processor 2208.Receiver 2302 can receive aerial signal also by transmitting by frequency mixer 2306, low noise amplifier (LNA) 2310, receiving analog filter 2312, variable gain amplifier (VGA) 2314, analog to digital converter 2316 and this signal of reception digital filter 2318 demodulation to obtain the OFDM code element via antenna 2304.Synchronously and automatic gain control (AGC) but module 2320 synchronous frequency synthesizers 2308, VGA 2314, deserializer 2322.(restituted signal of hanging oneself) OFDM code element is transmitted by deserializer 2322, fast Fourier transform (FFT) module 2324 and parallel-to-serial converter 2326 subsequently to obtain encoded code element.Serial data (encoded code element) is transmitted subsequently by phase tracker 2330, log-likelihood ratio (LLR) estimator 2322, time and/or the frequency despreader 2334 that are coupled to channel estimator 2328, pilot tone/sky unit/protection frequency accent and is removed device 2336 and deinterleaver and viterbi decoder 2338 to produce output data 2340.Notice that receiver 2302 can comprise the unshowned add-on assemble for simplifying explanation.
According to various features, receiver can be adapted to the data that reception transmits from transmitter.In one example, transmitter can have that wherein it modulates and transmit first mode of operation of data according to ECMA 368 standards.In second mode of operation, transmitter (as previously described) the time gated and/or time of can realizing during the transmission repeats to save power.Equally, receiver 2302 can utilize this second mode of operation similarly to save power.
Figure 24 explains orally the block diagram that how receiver can be operated when transmitter gating service time.In one example, one or more in the assembly that explains orally among Figure 24 can be the parts of the receiver of the radio modulator 2206 of Figure 22 and/or baseband processor 2208 or Figure 22.Receiver 2402 can receive aerial signal via antenna 2404 and also transmit by band pass filter 2406 and low noise amplifier 2408.Signal transmits by frequency mixer 2410 subsequently, receives analog filter (for example, low pass filter) 2412, variable gain amplifier (VGA) 2414 and analog to digital converter 2416.(in the signal that receives) transmits by sampler 2418 and circulator 2420 more subsequently through digitized code element.Synchronously and automatic gain control (AGC) but module 2424 synchronous frequency synthesizers 2426 and the maker of arrow mutually 2422 that is coupled to circulator 2420.Serial digital data transmits subsequently by crossover and summation module 2428, deserializer 2430, fast Fourier transform (FFT) module 2432 and parallel-to-serial converter 2434.Serial data is transmitted subsequently by empty unit/protection and is transferred the channel weights module 2440 that removes device 2436 and regulate according to channel estimator 2438 and phase tracker 2442 frequently.Data/pilot extractor 2444 is extracted data or pilot tone subsequently from signal, this signal transmits subsequently by deinterleaver 2446 and viterbi decoder 2448 and exports data 2450 to produce.Notice that receiver 2402 can comprise the unshowned add-on assemble for simplifying explanation.
Receiver 2402 can be adapted to power on single transmission the receiving symbol (as Figure 13 and 14 in explain orally) higher than exemplary power, but not receives identical a plurality of versions (explaining orally in as Fig. 8) of same symbol at different frequency.Because code element only is received once, so each assembly of receiver 2402 can be recycled and closes or slow down to save power.For example, FFT module 2432, VGA 2414, ADC 2416 etc. can close than operation under the low velocity or circulation.
According to a feature, when realization was time gated, FFT module 2432 can be slowed down.For example, for data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps (in ECMA 368 standards that are used for UWB), 1/4th operations that FFT module 2432 can its initial velocity (because only sending a code element but not four).For 106.7,160 and the data transfer rate of 200Mbps, half operation that FFT module 2432 can its initial velocity (because only sending a code element but not two).
According to another feature, FFT module 2432 can instead be recycled Guan Hekai to save power during time gated.For example, for data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps (in ECMA 368 standards that are used for UWB), FFT module 2432 only can be operated time of 1/4th and circulation and be closed time of 3/4ths (because only sending a code element but not four).For 106.7,160 and the data transfer rate of 200Mbps, FFT module 2432 can be operated time and the circulation time of closing second half (because only sending a code element but not two) of half.
According to a time gated example at receiver place, antenna 2404, band pass filter 2406, LNA2408, frequency mixer 2410, low pass filter 2412, VGA 2414, ADC 2416 and synthesizer 2426 can be recycled and close/open (duty ratio that reduces).Again sampler 2418, circulator 2420, vow that maker 2422, synchronization estimator 2424, crossover and summation module 2428, deserializer 2430, FFT module 2432, parallel-to-serial converter 2434, empty unit/protection are transferred frequently mutually and remove device 2436, channel estimator 2438, channel weights module 2440, phase tracker 2442 and/or data/pilot extractor 2444 and can be recycled and close/open or to operate to save power than low velocity.
Figure 25 explains orally the block diagram that how receiver can be operated when transmitter repeats service time.In one example, one or more in the assembly that explains orally among Figure 25 can be the parts of the receiver of the radio modulator 2206 of Figure 22 and/or baseband processor 2208 or Figure 23.Receiver 2502 can receive aerial signal via antenna 2504 and also transmit by band pass filter 2506 and low noise amplifier 2508.This signal transmits by frequency mixer 2510 subsequently, receives analog filter (for example, low pass filter) 2512, variable gain amplifier (VGA) 2514 and analog to digital converter 2516.(in the signal that receives) transmits by sampler 2518 and circulator 2520 more subsequently through digitized code element.Synchronously and automatic gain control (AGC) but module 2524 synchronous frequency synthesizers 2526 and the maker of arrow mutually 2522 that is coupled to circulator 2520.Serial digital data transmits subsequently by crossover and summation module 2528 and deserializer 2530.
When the realization time repeated, receiver 2502 received each copy of same symbol and handles them respectively by receiver chain.Yet, at first authentic copy code element other copies of the output of the simulated assembly output of deserializer 2530 (for example, from) storage (in buffer 2532) and this code element are added to the copy that this is stored.Pending current code elements such as FFT module 2534 all are accumulated in the buffer 2532 until all copies of this code element.Therefore, for the data transfer rate of (ECMA 368 standards) 53.3 and 80Mbps, FFT module 2534 can move for 1/4th time (because code element is sent out four times).Similarly, for data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps, FFT module 2534 can be moved the time (because code element is sent out twice) of half.Another solution be operation FFT module 2534 at data transfer rate 53.3 and 80Mbps with 1/4th operations of its normal speed and at data transfer rate 106.7,160 and 200Mbps with half operation of its typical rate.
In case handled by FFT module 2534, this code element can further handle to produce serial data (obtaining encoded code element) by parallel-to-serial converter 2538.Serial data is transmitted subsequently by empty unit/protection and is transferred the channel weights module 2542 that removes device 2540 and regulate according to channel estimator 2536 and phase tracker 2546 frequently.Data/pilot extractor 2544 is extracted data or pilot tone subsequently from signal, this signal transmits subsequently by deinterleaver 2548 and viterbi decoder 2550 and exports data 2552 to produce.Notice that receiver 2502 can comprise the unshowned add-on assemble for simplifying explanation.
Receiver 2502 can be adapted to time of implementation repetition (as explaining orally among Figure 15).Receiver can different code elements on the transmission period on first transmission frequency receiving symbol repeatedly allow the various re-transmissions of accumulation same symbol by this.Same symbol explains orally in Figure 15 in this type of re-transmission on the same frequency.Because code element just accumulated, thus the FFT module 2534 in the receiver chain (and may also have other assemblies) can be recycled close the longer time period or can than operation under the low velocity to save energy.
An example that repeats according to the time, FFT module 2534, channel estimator 2536, parallel-to-serial converter 2538, empty unit/protection are transferred frequently and are removed device 2540, channel weights module 2542, phase tracker 2544 and/or data/pilot extractor 2546 and can be recycled and close/open or to operate to save power than low velocity.
Figure 26 explains orally the block diagram that can be adapted to the low-power receiver of carrying out the power saving.Receiver 2602 can comprise antenna 208, transmission mode detector 2606 and receiver chain 2604.The transmission mode detector can be adapted to from transmitter apparatus and receive at least one designator two kinds of code element transmission modes of indication.Receiver chain 2604 can receive input data 2608 and handle the input data to produce output data 2626 via RF equipment 2612, DAC 2614, frequency despreader 2616, FFT module 2618, time despreader 2620, buffer 2622 and decoder/deinterleaver 2624 via antenna 2608.Receiver chain can be adapted to: (a) according to the first pattern receiving symbol, transmitter apparatus is in the expansion of transmission rate enabling time and the frequency expansion at least one in first pattern, (b) according to the second pattern receiving symbol, transmitter apparatus is with respect to the first code element transmission mode and with in identical particular data transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one in second pattern; And/or (c) in second pattern, reduce the duty ratio of fast Fourier transform module or processing speed one of with respect to first pattern at identical transmission rate.For first data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension but second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.For second data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
Figure 27 is how explanation is can be by having the block diagram that repeats to reach the power saving on the receiver device of multiple mode of operation service time.Receiver chain can comprise radio frequency (RF) equipment 2702, digital to analog converter 2704, frequency despreader 2706, fast Fourier transform (FFT) module 2708, time despreader 2710 and/or decoder/deinterleaver 2712.Mode selector 2716 can be by opening or closing, regulate its duty ratio with one or more in the receiver chain assembly and/or its processing speed that slows down is controlled its operation.Table 2720 has explained orally in first transmission mode (normal running), in second transmission mode (saving by time gated power) and the example that can how to operate the receiver chain assembly in the 3rd transmission mode (power that repeats by the time is saved).Mode selector 2716 can such as in the table 2720 each receiver chain assembly of explanation ground configuration.For example, during saving by time gated power, RF equipment 2702 and DAC 2704 (for example can be strobed/circulate, change duty ratio), FDS 2706 and/or TDS 2710 can be closed, and FFT module 2708 can be recycled and closes/open (for example, reducing its duty ratio) or save to operate to reach power than jogging speed.In another example, during the power that repeats by the time is saved, but RF equipment 2702 and DAC 2704 normal runnings (not carrying out gating/circulation), FDS 2706 and/or TDS 2710 can be closed, and FFT module 2708 can be recycled and closes/open (for example, reducing its duty ratio) or save to operate to reach power than jogging speed.
In various realizations, mode selector can cause receiver chain to be operated according to routine work pattern, time gated power saving mode and/or time repetition power saving mode.Notice that some realizations of receiver can comprise or time gated or time repeats but do not comprise the two, and other realizations can comprise and the time repeats both but do not comprise the two simultaneously time gated.
Figure 28 has explained orally the method that is used for reducing at the wireless receiving machine equipment power consumption.Can receive at least one designator (2802) two kinds of code element transmission modes of indication from transmitter apparatus.Make determine (2804) of having indicated which kind of code element transmission mode.
In the first code element transmission mode, receiver device is at least one (2806) in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion.Operate fast Fourier transform module (2808) according to first duty ratio and processing speed.Subsequently, can receive the code element (2810) that transmits according to first pattern.Temporal extension can be included on a plurality of different frequencies and transmit same symbol at a plurality of different times.Frequency expansion can be included in and transmit same symbol on the different frequency concomitantly.
In the second code element transmission mode, receiver device is with respect to the first code element transmission mode and with identical transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and at least one (2812) in the frequency expansion.In second pattern, reduce duty ratio or the processing speed (2814) of fast Fourier transform module with respect to first pattern at identical transmission rate.Subsequently, can receive the code element (2816) that transmits according to second pattern.For first data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension but second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.For second data transmission rate, the first code element transmission mode can be utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.Receiver device can with ultra broadband European Computer Manufacture's Association (ECMA) 368 operating suchs.
In one implementation, when operating according to second pattern, receiver can be adapted to according to time iteration scheme receiving symbol.Can a plurality of code elements on the transmission period on same frequency the identical version of receiving symbol.The version of respectively receiving of this code element is accumulated subsequently.Fast Fourier transform module can be disabled until all versions that receive this code element to save power.The code element of accumulating can use fast Fourier transform module to handle subsequently.
In one implementation, when operating according to second pattern, receiver can be adapted to according to time gated scheme receiving symbol.Code element only can be received once but not as being received repeatedly in a plurality of code elements transmission periods in first pattern, wherein this code element is to be transmitted than the higher power that is used for the same symbol transmission in first pattern.Can forbid fast Fourier transform module during in the first code element transmission mode, should retransmitting time period of this code element.
Notice that no matter gating still be the time repetition service time during power saving mode, effective speed can keep identical with normal manipulation mode during power saving mode.
It should be understood that generally speaking the major part described in the disclosure is handled and can be realized with similar mode.Any circuit in (all) circuit or the circuit section or circuit section can be realized separately or realize as the part of integrated circuit and the combination of one or more processor.One or more can the realization at integrated circuit, advanced RISC machine (ARM) processor, digital signal processor (DSP), general processor etc. in these circuit.
It shall yet further be noted that these embodiment describe as the process that is depicted as flow chart, flow graph, structure chart or block diagram.Although flow chart can be described as sequential process to all operations, in these operations many can walking abreast or concurrent execution arranged.In addition, the order of these operations can be rearranged.Process stops when its operation is finished.Process can be corresponding to method, function, rules, subroutine, subprogram etc.When process during corresponding to function, its termination turns back to call function or principal function corresponding to this function.
As employed in this application, term " assembly ", " module ", " system " etc. are intended to the instruct computer related entities, and no matter it is hardware, firmware, combination thereof, software, still executory software.For example, but assembly can be but thread, program and/or the computer of the process that is not limited to move at processor, processor, object executive item, execution.As explanation, the application and this computing equipment that move at computing equipment all can be assemblies.One or more assemblies can reside in the thread of process and/or execution, and assembly can be localised on the computer and/or is distributed between two or many computers.In addition, these assemblies various computer-readable mediums that can store various data structures are from it carried out.Each assembly can be communicated by letter by means of this locality and/or remote process, such as according to the signal with one or more packets (for example, from by another component interaction in this signal and local system, the distributed system and/or stride network such as the internet and the data of an assembly of other system interaction).
In addition, storage medium can represent the one or more equipment for the storage data, comprises read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (ram), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage medium, flash memory device and/or other machine readable medias for storage information.Term " machine readable media " comprises, but is not defined to portable or fixing memory device, optical storage apparatus, wireless channel and various other media that can store, comprise or carry instruction and/or data.
In addition, all embodiment can be realized by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode or its any combination.When in software, firmware, middleware or microcode, realizing, carry out the program code of necessary task or code segment and can be stored in the machine readable media such as storage medium or other storage.Processor can be carried out these necessary tasks.Code segment can represent any combination of rules, function, subprogram, program, routine, subroutine, module, software kit, class or instruction, data structure or program statement.By transmitting and/or reception information, data, independent variable, parameter or memory content, a code segment can be coupled to another code segment or hardware circuit.Information, independent variable, parameter, data etc. can be transmitted, be transmitted or be transmitted via any suitable means such as comprising Memory Sharing, message transmission, token transmission, network transmission.
One or more in the assembly that explains orally in the accompanying drawing, step and/or the function can and/or be combined into single component, step or function by layout again, or can be embodied in and can not influence the operation that pseudo random number generates in several assemblies, step or the function.Extra element, assembly, step and/or function can be added and the present invention can be do not broken away from.In the accompanying drawing graphic device, equipment and/or assembly can be configured to carry out one or more in method, feature or the step described in these accompanying drawings.The novel algorithm of Miao Shuing can realize in software and/or embedded hardware expeditiously herein.
Those skilled in the art can further understand, and various illustrative logical blocks, module, circuit and the algorithm steps described in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software or its combination.For clearly explaining orally this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, frame, module, circuit and step are done vague generalization with its functional form in the above and are described.This type of is functional to be implemented as the design constraint that hardware or software depend on concrete application and puts on total system.
Of the present invention various features described herein can be implemented in and not break away from the present invention in the different system.For example, available movement or the quiesce communication equipment (for example, accessing terminal) and a plurality of movement or static base stations (for example, access point) realized more of the present invention is carried out.
It should be noted that above embodiment only is example, and be not interpreted into restriction the present invention.The description of these embodiment is intended to explain orally, and is not the scope that is intended to limit claim.Thus, instruction of the present invention can be applied to the device of other types ready-madely, and many replacements, modification and distortion will be apparent for those skilled in the art.

Claims (37)

1. method for reducing the power consumption in the radio transmitter device comprises:
Determine the characteristics of radio channels between described transmitter apparatus and the receiver device;
If described characteristics of radio channels is higher than threshold level, then select the first code element transmission mode, in the described first code element transmission mode with in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion at least one; And
If described characteristics of radio channels is lower than described threshold level, then select the second code element transmission mode, in the described second code element transmission mode with respect to the described first code element transmission mode and with in identical described transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, determine described characteristics of radio channels comprise find out desired signal intensity and following at least one: interchannel noise, Noise Background or interference level.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, for first data transmission rate, the described first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension but described second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, for second data transmission rate, the described first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in described second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, temporal extension is included in the different editions that a plurality of different times transmit same symbol.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, frequency expansion is included in and transmits same symbol on the different frequency concomitantly.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises:
If select the described first code element transmission mode, then at least one in service time expansion and the frequency expansion transmits code element; And
If select the described second code element transmission mode, then in temporal extension that forbidding is enabled and in the frequency expansion at least one, transmit code element in the described first code element transmission mode.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described transmitter and ultra broadband European Computer Manufacture's Association (ECMA) 368 operating suchs.
9. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises:
During the described second code element transmission mode, reduce one of the duty ratio of inverse fast Fourier transform module or speed, wherein the transfer rate from described radio transmitter device keeps identical, and no matter the duty ratio of described inverse fast Fourier transform module or reducing of speed.
10. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, during the described second code element transmission mode, described method further comprises:
Use the inverse fast Fourier transform module that code element is modulated in the first frequency;
Storage is through modulated symbol;
Transmit described through modulated symbol to described receiver device in code element on the transmission period;
Retransmit store described through modulated symbol to described receiver device in other code elements on the transmission period; And
The described inverse fast Fourier transform module of forbidding is to save power during described described other code elements through modulated symbol that re-transmission is stored are transmitted periods.
11. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, during the described second code element transmission mode, described method further comprises:
Use the inverse fast Fourier transform module to generate the code element that is used for transmission;
Use than the bigger transmitting power that in the described first code element transmission mode, is used for the transmission code element and transmit described code element only once to receiver device; And
In the described first code element transmission mode, should retransmit the described inverse fast Fourier transform module of forbidding during time period of described code element.
12. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Convert code element to analog signal to transmit at the super wideband wireless channel that is associated with described characteristics of radio channels from numeral.
13. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Send about at least one the disabled designator in temporal extension and the frequency expansion to described receiver device.
14. a radio transmitter device comprises:
The channel monitoring module is used for the characteristics of radio channels between definite described transmitter apparatus and the receiver device; And
Transmitter chain comprises in inverse fast Fourier transform module and time spreading device and the FLEX frequency level expander at least one, and wherein said transmitter chain is adapted to:
If described characteristics of radio channels is higher than threshold level, then select the first code element transmission mode, in the described first code element transmission mode with in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion at least one; And
If described characteristics of radio channels is lower than described threshold level, then select the second code element transmission mode, in the described second code element transmission mode with respect to the described first code element transmission mode and with in identical described transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
15. radio transmitter device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, described transmitter chain further is adapted to:
During the described second code element transmission mode, reduce one of the duty ratio of inverse fast Fourier transform module or speed, wherein the transfer rate from described radio transmitter device keeps identical, and no matter the duty ratio of described inverse fast Fourier transform module or reducing of speed.
16. radio transmitter device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, described transmitter chain further is adapted to:
Convert code element to analog signal to transmit at the super wideband wireless channel that is associated with described characteristics of radio channels from numeral.
17. radio transmitter device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, described transmitter chain further is adapted to:
Send about at least one the disabled designator in time spreading device and the FLEX frequency level expander to described receiver device.
18. radio transmitter device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, during the described second code element transmission mode, described transmitter chain is adapted to:
Use the inverse fast Fourier transform module that code element is modulated in the first frequency;
Storage is through modulated symbol;
Transmit described through modulated symbol to described receiver device in code element on the transmission period;
Retransmit store described through modulated symbol to described receiver device in other code elements on the transmission period; And
The described inverse fast Fourier transform module of forbidding is to save power during described described other code elements through modulated symbol that re-transmission is stored are transmitted periods.
19. radio transmitter device as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, during the described second code element transmission mode, described transmitter chain is adapted to:
Use the inverse fast Fourier transform module to generate the code element that is used for transmission;
Use than the bigger transmitting power that in the described first code element transmission mode, is used for the transmission code element and transmit described code element only once to receiver device; And
In the described first code element transmission mode, should retransmit the described inverse fast Fourier transform module of forbidding during time period of described code element.
20. a radio transmitter device comprises:
Be used for determining the device of the characteristics of radio channels between described transmitter apparatus and the receiver device;
Be used for if described characteristics of radio channels is higher than the device that threshold level is then selected the first code element transmission mode, in the described first code element transmission mode with in transmission rate enabling time expansion and the frequency expansion at least one; And
Be used for if described characteristics of radio channels is lower than the device that described threshold level is then selected the second code element transmission mode, in the described second code element transmission mode with respect to the described first code element transmission mode and with identical described transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and in the frequency expansion at least one.
21. radio transmitter device as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Be used for if the device of one of the disabled duty ratio that then reduces the inverse fast Fourier transform module of at least one of temporal extension and frequency expansion or speed, wherein the transfer rate from described radio transmitter device keeps identical, and no matter the duty ratio of described inverse fast Fourier transform module or reducing of speed.
22. the method for reducing the power consumption in the wireless receiving machine equipment comprises:
The designator of at least one from two kinds of code element transmission modes of transmitter apparatus reception indication, wherein said transmission mode comprises
The first code element transmission mode, wherein said receiver device in the expansion of transmission rate enabling time and the frequency expansion at least one and
The second code element transmission mode, wherein said receiver device is with respect to the described first code element transmission mode and with in identical described transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one; And
In described second pattern, reduce the duty ratio of fast Fourier transform module or processing speed one of with respect to described first pattern at identical described transmission rate.
23. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, temporal extension is included in a plurality of different times and transmits same symbol at different frequency.
24. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, frequency expansion is included in and transmits same symbol on the different frequency concomitantly.
25. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, for first data transmission rate, the described first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension but described second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.
26. method as claimed in claim 22, it is characterized in that, for second data transmission rate, the described first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in described second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
27. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, further comprises:
If described first pattern of indication then receives the code element that transmits according to described first pattern; And
If described second pattern of indication then receives the code element that transmits according to described second pattern.
28. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, described fast Fourier transform module is the part of the receiver chain of described wireless receiver terminal.
29. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, described receiver device and ultra broadband European Computer Manufacture's Association (ECMA) 368 operating suchs.
30. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, when using described second pattern to carry out the code element reception, described method further comprises:
A plurality of code elements on the transmission period on same frequency the identical version of receiving symbol;
Accumulate the version of receiving of described code element;
The forbidding fast Fourier transform until all versions that receive described code element to save power; And
Use described fast Fourier transform module to handle the code element of accumulating.
31. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, when using described second pattern to carry out the code element reception, described method further comprises:
Receiving symbol only receives repeatedly in a plurality of code elements transmission periods in first pattern once but not as described like that, and wherein said code element is to be transmitted than the higher power that is used for the same symbol transmission in described first pattern; And
In the described first code element transmission mode, should retransmit the described fast Fourier transform module of forbidding during time period of described code element.
32. a wireless receiving machine equipment comprises:
The transmission mode detector is used for receiving from transmitter apparatus at least one designator of two kinds of code element transmission modes of indication; And
Receiver chain comprises fast Fourier transform module, and described receiver chain is adapted to:
According to the first pattern receiving symbol, at receiver device described in described first pattern in the expansion of transmission rate enabling time and the frequency expansion at least one,
Receive described code element according to second pattern, at receiver device described in described second pattern with respect to the described first code element transmission mode and with in identical transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one; And
In described second pattern, reduce the duty ratio of described fast Fourier transform module or processing speed one of with respect to described first pattern at identical described transmission rate.
33. receiver device as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, for first data transmission rate, the described first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension but described second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension.
34. receiver device as claimed in claim 32, it is characterized in that, for second data transmission rate, the described first code element transmission mode is utilized temporal extension and frequency expansion but in described second code element transmission mode forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one.
35. a wireless receiving machine equipment comprises:
Be used for receiving from transmitter apparatus at least one the device of designator of two kinds of code element transmission modes of indication, wherein said transmission mode comprises
The first code element transmission mode, wherein said receiver device in the expansion of transmission rate enabling time and the frequency expansion at least one and
The second code element transmission mode, wherein said receiver device is with respect to the described first code element transmission mode and with in identical described transmission rate forbidding temporal extension and the frequency expansion at least one; And
Be used for reducing with respect to described first pattern in described second pattern at identical described transmission rate the device of one of the duty ratio of fast Fourier transform module or processing speed.
36. receiver device as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Be used for a plurality of code elements on the transmission period on same frequency the device of the identical version of receiving symbol;
The device of receiving version that is used for the described code element of accumulation;
Be used for the forbidding fast Fourier transform until the device of all versions that receive described code element with saving power;
Be used for using described fast Fourier transform module to handle the device of the code element of accumulating.
37. receiver device as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, further comprises:
Be used for receiving symbol only once but not as described first pattern receive repeatedly device in a plurality of code elements transmission periods like that, wherein said code element is to be transmitted than the higher power that is used for the same symbol transmission in described first pattern; And
The device that is used for the described fast Fourier transform module of forbidding during the described first code element transmission mode should retransmit the time period of described code element.
CN2010800078538A 2009-02-12 2010-02-12 Low power ultra wideband transmitter and receiver Active CN102318206B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US12/369,926 2009-02-12
US12/369,926 US8102929B2 (en) 2009-02-12 2009-02-12 Low power ultra wideband transceiver
PCT/US2010/024012 WO2010093862A1 (en) 2009-02-12 2010-02-12 Low power ultra wideband transmitter and receiver

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CN102318206A CN102318206A (en) 2012-01-11
CN102318206B true CN102318206B (en) 2013-08-21

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