CN102304672B - Preparation method of low and medium alloy wear resistant steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of low and medium alloy wear resistant steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102304672B CN102304672B CN 201110276071 CN201110276071A CN102304672B CN 102304672 B CN102304672 B CN 102304672B CN 201110276071 CN201110276071 CN 201110276071 CN 201110276071 A CN201110276071 A CN 201110276071A CN 102304672 B CN102304672 B CN 102304672B
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Abstract
The invention relates to low and medium alloy wear resistant steel and a preparation method thereof. The low and medium alloy wear resistant steel comprises the following chemical compositions in percent by mass: 0.41%-0.50% of carbon, 0.85%-0.95% of silicon, 1.1%-1.4% of manganese, 1.5%-2.3% of chromium, 0.31%-0.45% of molybdenum, 1.25%-1.35% of copper, 0.30%-0.45% of cerium, 0.001%-0.003% of boron, less than or equal to 0.04% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.04% of sulfur and the balance of iron. The low and medium alloy wear resistant material with high hardness, good wear resistance, good toughness and good comprehensive performance can be used in various industrial wear resistant fields such as the liner plate of a ball mill, the scrapper of a sand mixer, the guide plate, the hammerhead of a crusher and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wear-resistant metal material, relate to specifically a kind of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, research about wear resisting steel iron material is quite extensive, particularly recent two decades comes, a series of wear-resisting iron and steel kinds have been developed according to purposes and resource situation both at home and abroad, be widely used in each industrial door such as metallurgy, mine, traffic, electric power, coal, building materials, many workpiece and equipment lost efficacy rapidly owing to wear and tear, thereby had caused a large amount of financial losses.Therefore, the development and application of high life iron and steel high-abrasive material is the common important topic of paying close attention to of enterprise and R﹠D institution always.
Wear resisting steel iron material commonly used mainly comprises: high mangaenese steel, Cr series white cast iron, Ao-Bei spheroidal graphite antifriction cast iron and the middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel that contains rare earth, the alloying element content of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel is lower, good combination property, produce flexible, cheap, can in a big way, control the coupling of hardness and toughness, under multiple wear working condition condition, all can obtain preferably wear resistance, become the use material of multiple wear-resisting workpiece, boundless application prospect has been arranged.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of hardness high, and wear resistance is good, and toughness is good, middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel of high comprehensive performance and preparation method thereof, and this wear resisting steel can be widely used in the wear-resisting workpieces such as tup, liner plate, scraper plate, guide plate.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, its chemical ingredients is by mass percentage: carbon (C) is 0.41%-0.50%, silicon (Si) is 0.85%-0.95%, manganese (Mn) is 1.1%-1.4%, and chromium (Cr) is 1.5%-2.3%, and molybdenum (Mo) is 0.31%-0.45%, copper (Cu) is 1.25%-1.35%, cerium (Ce) is 0.30%-0.45%, and boron (B) is 0.001%-0.003%, phosphorus (P)≤0.04%, sulphur (S)≤0.04%, surplus are iron (Fe).
The chemical ingredients mass percent of low-alloy wear-resistant steel may further be in being somebody's turn to do: C:0.45-0.48%, Si:0.88-0.9%, Mn:1.2-1.3%, Cr:1.7-1.9%, Mo:0.35-0.40%, Cu:1.28-1.3%, Ce:0.35-0.40%, B:0.001-0.003%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.04%, surplus are Fe.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, and the method comprises:
(1) by the corresponding ferrochrome of each component ratio weighing of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, the chemical ingredients of low-alloy wear-resistant steel is by mass percentage in being somebody's turn to do: C:0.50%, Si:0.95%, Mn:1.4%, Cr:2.2%, Mo:0.44%, Cu:1.35%, Ce:0.45%, B:0.003%, P:0.04%, S:0.04%, Fe:92.627%;
(2) load weighted ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are joined melting in the medium-frequency induction furnace, when treating that molten steel temperature reaches 1580 ℃, add copper and boron, and stir, insert aluminum strip by the amount of 1kg/t and carry out deoxidation;
(3) first cerium is placed in the casting ladle, then goes out molten steel, molten steel temperature is not less than 1580 ℃, pours into a mould, and teeming temperature is 1500 ℃;
(4) workpiece after the cast carries out first normalizing treatment, is heated to 840 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature in air, then carries out quench treatment, is heated to 900 ℃ of insulations and cools off in oil in 1 hour again, then in 240 ℃ of insulations tempering in 2 hours.
Carbon (C) has very important impact to intensity, hardness, hardening capacity, wear resistance and the wear resistance of steel.When carbon content was hanged down, fusing point was high, poor fluidity, and good impact toughness, but hardenability is not high; When carbon content was higher, the high carbon martensite hardness after the quenching was high, and wear resistance is good, but impact toughness is low, the cementite (Fe that iron and carbon form
3C) be one of the main strengthening phase of steel, in the wear-resistant process of steel, play very important effect.
Silicon (Si) can improve the intensity of sosoloid in the steel, can significantly improve elastic limit, yield strength and the yield ratio of steel, reduces the velocity of diffusion of carbon in ferrite, increases the temper resistance of steel.
Manganese (Mn) both can improve ferrite and austenitic hardness and intensity in the steel, was again carbide forming element, or good reductor and sweetening agent, and manganese can also reduce critical transition temperature and refine pearlite simultaneously.
Chromium (Cr) can improve the hardening capacity of steel, forms multiple compounds (Fe, Cr) with carbon, iron
3C can significantly improve wear resistance, and solution strengthening matrix simultaneously when improving intensity and hardness and do not reduce impact toughness, is one of fundamental element of high-abrasive material.
Molybdenum (Mo) with ferrite and austenite solid solution and form carbide, moves to right the isothermal curve of steel in steel, can significantly improve the hardening capacity of steel, improves intensity, hardness and the temper resistance of steel, can resist temper brittleness simultaneously.
Copper (Cu) can improve the solidity to corrosion of electropotential, strongthener, and is especially even more important to the wearing piece under the wet type abrasive wear working condition, can effectively suppress austenitic cooling transformation speed, refinement, reinforcement matrix.
Cerium (Ce) can improve as-cast structure, crystal grain thinning, the cleaning molten steel of steel, by rotten non-metallic inclusion, can control the form of steel inclusion, thereby improve steel toughness and fatigue resistance.
The effect of boron (B) in steel is to increase worried property, and the boron of trace (0.001%) just can make the hardening capacity increase at double of steel.
Sulphur (S) causes steel at high temperature along grain boundary separation easily, and strengthen simultaneously the ununiformity of chemical ingredients in the steel and increase nonmetal inclusion, be harmful element, so its content requirement S≤0.04%.
Phosphorus (P) can all be dissolved in the ferrite, can significantly reduce the moulding and toughness of steel when low temperature, strengthens simultaneously the component segregation in the steel, is harmful element, so its content requirement P≤0.04%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
Middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel of the present invention is that a kind of hardness is high, wear resistance is good, toughness is good, the middle low-alloy wear material of high comprehensive performance, can be applicable to the multiple industrial wear resistant applications such as tup of scraper plate, guide plate and the crusher of ball grinding machine lining board, sand mill.Adopt liner plate that this material produces in Zhengzhou Aluminium Plant
On probation on 2200mm * 6500mm wet type no-bolt lining plate ball mill, its liner plate maximum ga(u)ge 120mm, minimum thickness 80mm; In cement mill, Jixi
On probation on 1830mm * 6200mm ball grinding machine lining board, according to its actual effect, its hardness is greater than 50HRC, notched bar impact strength 21-34J/cm
2, tensile strength 1030-1480MPa, unit elongation 6.4-7.8%, the yield strength when the residual elongation rate is 0.2% is 716-784MPa.Under the working condition of less ballistic work, its wear resistance is better than high mangaenese steel, and be 2 times of high mangaenese steel work-ing life approximately, and cost is cheap than high mangaenese steel, has obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, the chemical ingredients of low-alloy wear-resistant steel is by mass percentage in being somebody's turn to do: carbon (C) is 0.41%-0.50%, and silicon (Si) is 0.85%-0.95%, and manganese (Mn) is 1.1%-1.4%, chromium (Cr) is 1.5%-2.3%, molybdenum (Mo) is 0.31%-0.45%, and copper (Cu) is 1.25%-1.35%, and cerium (Ce) is 0.30%-0.45%, boron (B) is 0.001%-0.003%, phosphorus (P)≤0.04%, sulphur (S)≤0.04%, surplus is iron (Fe).
The chemical ingredients of low-alloy wear-resistant steel is by mass percentage in being somebody's turn to do: C:0.45-0.48%, Si:0.88-0.9%, Mn:1.2-1.3%, Cr:1.7-1.9%, Mo:0.35-0.40%, Cu:1.28-1.3%, Ce:0.35-0.40%, B:0.001-0.003%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.04%, surplus are Fe.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, and the method comprises following operation steps:
(1) by the corresponding ferrochrome of each component ratio weighing of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese;
(2) load weighted ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are joined melting in the medium-frequency induction furnace, when treating that molten steel temperature reaches 1580-1610 ℃, add copper and boron, and stir, insert aluminum strip by the amount of 1kg/t and carry out deoxidation;
(3) first cerium is placed in the casting ladle, then goes out molten steel, molten steel temperature is not less than 1580 ℃, pours into a mould, and teeming temperature is 1500-1540 ℃;
(4) workpiece after the cast carries out first normalizing treatment, is heated to 840-860 ℃ of insulation 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature in air, then carries out quench treatment, is heated to 900 ℃ of insulations and cools off in oil in 1 hour again, then in 240-260 ℃ of insulation tempering in 2 hours.
The below describes in detail with 3 specific exampless.
Example 1
Get by mass percentage C:0.41%, Si:0.9%, Mn:1.1%, Cr:1.5%, Mo:0.31%, Cu:1.25%, Ce:0.3%, B:0.001%, P:0.04%, S:0.04%, Fe:94.149%.Adopt the medium-frequency induction furnace melting, add load weighted ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, when treating that molten steel temperature reaches 1580-1610 ℃, add copper and boron, stir, insert aluminum strip by the amount of 1kg/t and carry out deoxidation; Cerium is placed in the casting ladle, goes out molten steel, temperature is not less than 1580 ℃, teeming temperature 1500-1540 ℃.Workpiece after the cast carries out first normalizing treatment, be heated to 840-860 ℃ of insulation 4 hours, in air, be cooled to room temperature, its objective is thinning microstructure, reduce stress, then carry out quench treatment, be heated to 900 ℃ of insulations cooled off in oil in 1 hour again, then in 240-260 ℃ of insulation tempering in 2 hours, its hardness value is 52HRC, notched bar impact strength 32J/cm
2, tensile strength 1055MPa, unit elongation 7.7%, the yield strength when the residual elongation rate is 0.2% is 721MPa.
Example 2
Get by mass percentage C:0.45%, Si:0.9%, Mn:1.4%, Cr:1.9%, Mo:0.37%, Cu:1.3%, Ce:0.4%, B:0.002%, P:0.04%, S:0.04%, Fe:93.198%.Adopt the medium-frequency induction furnace melting, add load weighted ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, when treating that molten steel temperature reaches 1580-1610 ℃, add copper and boron, stir, insert aluminum strip by the amount of 1kg/t and carry out deoxidation; Cerium is placed in the casting ladle, goes out molten steel, temperature is not less than 1580 ℃, teeming temperature 1500-1540 ℃.Workpiece after the cast carries out first normalizing treatment, be heated to 840-860 ℃ of insulation 4 hours, in air, be cooled to room temperature, its objective is thinning microstructure, reduce stress, then carry out quench treatment, be heated to 900 ℃ of insulations cooled off in oil in 1 hour again, then in 240-260 ℃ of insulation tempering in 2 hours, its hardness value is 53HRC, notched bar impact strength 25J/cm
2, tensile strength 1310MPa, unit elongation 6.8%, the yield strength when the residual elongation rate is 0.2% is 755MPa.
Example 3
Get by mass percentage C:0.50%, Si:0.95%, Mn:1.4%, Cr:2.2%, Mo:0.44%, Cu:1.35%, Ce:0.45%, B:0.003%, P:0.04%, S:0.04%, Fe:92.627%.Adopt the medium-frequency induction furnace melting, add load weighted ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, when treating that molten steel temperature reaches 1580-1610 ℃, add copper and boron, stir, insert aluminum strip by the amount of 1kg/t and carry out deoxidation; Cerium is placed in the casting ladle, goes out molten steel, temperature is not less than 1580 ℃, teeming temperature 1500-1540 ℃.Workpiece after the cast carries out first normalizing treatment, be heated to 840-860 ℃ of insulation 4 hours, in air, be cooled to room temperature, its objective is thinning microstructure, reduce stress, then carry out quench treatment, be heated to 900 ℃ of insulations cooled off in oil in 1 hour again, then in 240-260 ℃ of insulation tempering in 2 hours, its hardness value is 56HRC, notched bar impact strength 21J/cm
2, tensile strength 1440MPa, unit elongation 6.4%, the yield strength when the residual elongation rate is 0.2% is 764MPa.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of low-alloy wear-resistant steel in a kind, the method comprises:
(1) by the corresponding ferrochrome of each component ratio weighing of middle low-alloy wear-resistant steel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, the chemical ingredients of low-alloy wear-resistant steel is by mass percentage in being somebody's turn to do: C:0.50%, Si:0.95%, Mn:1.4%, Cr:2.2%, Mo:0.44%, Cu:1.35%, Ce:0.45%, B:0.003%, P:0.04%, S:0.04%, Fe:92.627%;
(2) load weighted ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese are joined melting in the medium-frequency induction furnace, when treating that molten steel temperature reaches 1580 ℃, add copper and boron, and stir, insert aluminum strip by the amount of 1kg/t and carry out deoxidation;
(3) first cerium is placed in the casting ladle, then goes out molten steel, molten steel temperature is not less than 1580 ℃, pours into a mould, and teeming temperature is 1500 ℃;
(4) workpiece after the cast carries out first normalizing treatment, is heated to 840 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature in air, then carries out quench treatment, is heated to 900 ℃ of insulations and cools off in oil in 1 hour again, then in 240 ℃ of insulations tempering in 2 hours.
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| CN103215520A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-24 | 林州重机铸锻有限公司 | Scraper corrosion-resistant ledge casting material |
| CN104096620A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-15 | 宁国市鑫煌矿冶配件制造有限公司 | Preparation technology for wear resistant lining board for ball grinder |
| CN105420617A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 | High-hardness abradable liner plate special for mines and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107746920A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-02 | 湖北工程职业学院 | A kind of heat treatment quenching process of middle carbon clean steel precision component |
| CN108220811A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of abrasion-resistant stee and preparation method thereof |
| CN110814301A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-02-21 | 长兴小浦铸钢有限公司 | Semi-ring and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111958188A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-20 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Preparation method of spline sleeve of tapping machine |
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