CN102289537A - Method for identifying characteristics of complex structure in multi-body mode - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying the characteristics of a complex structure in a multi-body mode. The method comprises the following steps of: performing pre-processing such as establishment of a processing coordinate system, setting of a parting surface and read-in of total information; re-naming topological elements of all part bodies to guarantee the uniqueness of identifiers of the topological elements, constructing a holographic attribute surface edge graph of parts, and defining seed surfaces of the characteristics of a hole, a groove, a contour, a rib and the like; and searching the seed surfaces of various kinds of characteristics based on the holographic attribute surface edge graph, sequentially identifying the simple characteristics which contain only one seed surface according to a trace extension rule, combining the simple characteristics, thus obtaining composite characteristic which contains a plurality of seed surfaces, extracting characteristic parameters, and thus obtaining an automatic characteristic identification result. The invention has the advantages that: the method is high in identification efficiency and high in accuracy rate; the problem of multi-body identification is solved; and the difficulties that curves, convex characteristics and edge characteristics cannot be effectively identified and that broken surfaces cannot be restrained can be effectively overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of characteristic recognition method, relate in particular to the recognition methods of a kind of many body characteristicses of complex structural member, belong to the CAD/CAPP/CAM technical field.
Background technology
Through years of development and the successful Application in enterprise, CAD, CAPP, CAM system are bringing into play very big effect respectively aspect product design, technological design and the numerical control programming.But these systems are independent separately, the information that can not realize between each system automatic conversion and share, automaticity and efficient are low in application process.To improve product design, technological design and numerical control programming automaticity and efficient is the integrated active demand that becomes industry member of CAD/CAPP/CAM of purpose, and feature identification technique is to realize the integrated effective way of CAD/CAPP/CAM.
Complex structural member (for example aircraft structure) is owing to complex structure, accuracy requirement height, and is very big to programming technologist's experience dependence.Feature can be used as the carrier of processing technology knowledge and experience, effectively inherits the processing technology knowledge and experience, so feature identification technique is the important means that improves complex structural member numerical control programming efficient and quality.
In order to improve the utilization factor of material, the cover material processing method is widely used in the digital control processing of complex structural member.The cover material processing method has brought the problem of a plurality of part bodies for the digitizing manufacturing, in three-dimensional digital-to-analogue, a plurality of part bodies are opened under processing environment simultaneously, when especially overlapping in the material for same part, can cause the not unique problem of topological component identification, thereby make troubles the method that present many bodies identification problem is not still published to feature identification.
Since the complicacy of aircraft structure, the singularity of machining feature, and the identification of aircraft structure machining feature is more difficult more than the identification of common parts machining feature, shows to have following situation in a large number:
The deep camber free form surface;
Broken;
Intersect feature;
Protruding feature;
The limit feature.The traditional characteristic recognition methods seldom relates to identification and broken problem of curved surface; Crossing feature is the generally acknowledged difficult point in the feature identification technique, does not still have effective solution at present; Under protruding feature and recessed feature and the situation of depositing, traditional characteristic recognition method does not still have unified solution; No matter be based on figure and also be based on body, the face of all only having emphasized feature is represented the extraction shown with body surface, and does not have the notion of limit feature.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiency of many body characteristicses of structural member recognition methods in the existing CAD/CAPP/CAM system, and the recognition methods of a kind of many body characteristicses of complex structural member is provided.
Many body characteristicses of complex structural member of the present invention recognition methods comprises:
Step 1, the definition of structural member machining feature: described structural member machining feature comprises hole, groove, profile, muscle feature; Hole characteristic is made of wall surface of the hole, last end face, following end face, last loop wire, lower ring line; Cavity feature by groove web, sidewall, corner, base angle, end face, protrudingly sink, recessedly fall into, drive the limit and constitute; Contour feature is made of the main manifold that profile links to each other; The muscle feature is made of muscle end face, side, restriction face, driving limit;
Step 2, the definition of machining feature seed face comprise:
The seed face of definition hole characteristic is a wall surface of the hole, and wall surface of the hole is the face of cylinder, and two faces that link to each other with cylinder are the plane and become protruding with cylinder and be connected;
The seed face of definition cavity feature is a groove web face, the web face be surface level and with the distance of die joint less than preset value;
The seed face of definition contour feature is a profile master manifold, and the main manifold of contour feature is the joint face of cavity feature end face and does not belong in the cavity feature that part of of shape face and corner face;
The seed face of definition muscle feature is the muscle end face, and the seed face of muscle feature is the end face of cavity feature, and the width of face is less than preset value;
Step 3, data are carried out pre-service, comprising: to set up machining coordinate be workpiece, set die joint and overall information reads in;
Step 4, take out all point, line, surface topology elements of model, rename topological element, make topological component identification have uniqueness according to the mode of component name+identification code from the bottom of CAD;
The holographic attribute face edge graph of step 5, structure structural member digital model;
Step 6, feature seed faceted search are specially: the holographic attribute face edge graph of traversal Structural Part Model, mate with the feature seed face that defines;
Step 7, expand, form simple feature based on the seed face;
Step 8, according to the characteristics combination rule, simple feature is combined to form compound characteristics;
Step 9, extraction characteristic parameter obtain the feature identification result.
Preferably, described setting die joint is meant that with groove web face be die joint.
Preferably, described overall information comprises part classification, part processing mode, typical corner, typical base angle accuracy class, the upper deviation, lower deviation.
Described holographic attribute face edge graph comprises following content:
The information on limit: ring or outer shroud sign, adjacent surface angle, limit angle, edge lengths in the unique identification on limit, real limit or empty limit sign, curve or straight line sign, limit belong to;
The information of face: the area of the main normal direction of the unique identification of face, real face or empty face sign, curved surface or plane mark, face, the quantity of phase cross surface, face, inner and outer ring number, face and the direction of feed angulation of face.
Further, described feature seed faceted search specifically in accordance with the following methods: the seed face of at first searching for hole and cavity feature; Then based on the recognition result of cavity feature and the seed face of holographic attribute face edge graph search contour feature; At last based on the recognition result of cavity feature, contour feature and the seed face of holographic attribute face edge graph search muscle feature.
Describedly expand, form simple feature, comprising: broken inhibition, curved surface identification, protruding feature identification, limit feature identification based on the seed face.
Described characteristic parameter comprises:
The parameter of hole characteristic comprises: bore dia, hole depth, hole site, hole axially, accuracy class, the upper deviation, lower deviation;
The parameter of cavity feature comprises: the maximum tool diameter of groove position, permission, knuckle radius, base angle radius, back chipping base angle, inclination maximum;
The parameter of contour feature comprises: the normal direction of outline position, contoured surface;
The parameter of muscle feature comprises: the position of muscle, muscle end face normal direction, the bent top of initiating terminal or flat-top type, the bent top of clearing end or flat-top type.
The recognition efficiency of the inventive method, accuracy height can effectively solve and can't effectively discern curved surface, protruding feature, limit feature in the machining feature identification and can't suppress a difficult problem such as broken.
Description of drawings
Many body characteristicses of Fig. 1 complex structural member of the present invention recognition methods process flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is a feature seed face synoptic diagram of the present invention, and wherein a is a hole characteristic seed face, and b is a cavity feature seed face, and c is a contour feature seed face, and d is a muscle feature seed face;
Fig. 3 is seed face expansion process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
Fig. 1 is many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods process flow diagram of the present invention, as shown in the figure, comprises following each step:
Before feature identification is carried out, need defined feature seed face, feature identification extension rule and compound characteristics rule of combination, form seed face definition storehouse, extension rule storehouse and rule of combination storehouse respectively for calling in the feature identification process.
The machining feature that the present invention relates to comprises hole, groove, profile, muscle feature.Hole characteristic is made of wall surface of the hole, last end face, following end face, last loop wire, lower ring line; Cavity feature by groove web, sidewall, corner, base angle, end face, protrudingly sink, recessedly fall into, drive the limit and constitute; Contour feature is made of the main manifold that profile links to each other; The muscle feature is made of muscle end face, side, restriction face, driving limit.The definition of the seed face of machining feature as shown in Figure 2, represented among the figure seed face formation, with the relation of adjacent geometric element and the method for expressing of holographic attribute face edge graph.The seed face of definition hole characteristic is a wall surface of the hole, and wall surface of the hole is the face of cylinder, and two faces that link to each other with cylinder are the plane and become protruding with cylinder and be connected; The seed face of definition cavity feature is a groove web face, the web face be surface level and with the distance of die joint less than preset value; The seed face of definition contour feature is a profile master manifold, and the main manifold of contour feature is the joint face of cavity feature end face and does not belong in the cavity feature that part of of shape face and corner face; The seed face of definition muscle feature is the muscle end face, and the seed face of muscle feature is the end face of cavity feature, and the width of face is less than preset value, and preset value is generally less than 10mm.
Seed face extension rule is: 1) according to the definition of feature seed face, travel through holographic attribute face edge graph, search out the seed face of the feature that meets the demands, expand based on the seed face; 2) extract the outer annular edge and the interior ring limit of seed face according to holographic attribute face edge graph; 3) according to the definition of feature, with the seed face the public interior face that encircles limit or outer annular edge is arranged, and a face that satisfies condition that searches is added corresponding feature formation face tabulation; 4) serve as time seed face with the face that expands to respectively,, continue expansion according to the definition of feature, complete up to the geometric element expansion of feature.The detailed algorithm of extension rule as shown in Figure 3.
The rule of characteristics combination is: 1) combination of features is criterion with the processing technology; 2) combination of simple feature is the compound characteristics that is combined as same type with a kind of simple feature; 3) compound characteristics is the feature that contains a plurality of seed faces; 4) rule of combination of cavity feature is that the web face of a groove is the end face of another groove; 5) muscle combination of features rule is that the angle that moves towards of two muscle features is recessed connection less than 10o and two seed faces in the intersection, but the muscle feature after the combination is to finish with a process operation; 6) characteristics combination can be the combination of a plurality of simple feature, as long as satisfy rule of combination; 7) combination by compound characteristics, thus reached the effect of crossing feature identification.
With the Structural Part Model input system, can import a plurality of part bodies simultaneously here;
Part is carried out pre-service, comprise that many bodies stock layout, machining coordinate are workpiece, set die joint and overall information and read in etc.; The present invention is a die joint with groove web face; Overall information comprises part classification, part processing mode, typical corner, typical base angle accuracy class, the upper deviation, lower deviation.
After the pre-service, make up the holographic attribute face edge graph of part model, holographic attributed graph has added more information for the feature identification use on the basis of attribute face edge graph, and its content comprises:
The information on limit: ring or outer shroud sign, adjacent surface angle, limit angle, edge lengths in the unique identification on limit, real limit or empty limit sign, curve or straight line sign, limit belong to;
The information of face: the area of the main normal direction of the unique identification of face, real face or empty face sign, curved surface or plane mark, face, the quantity of phase cross surface, face, inner and outer ring number, face and the direction of feed angulation of face.
In complete set attribute face edge graph construction process, topological element is renamed, naming mechanism is: component name+former topological component identification sign indicating number, the sign that realizes topological element is corresponding with part, and the topology sign that solves different parts overlaps that sign can not unique corresponding problem with topological element in the feature identification process of bringing.
In seed face expansion process, realize broken inhibition, curved surface identification, protruding feature identification and limit feature identification, and then finish the identification of simple feature.Broken inhibition relatively finished by the area of the face of holographic attribute face edge graph definition, and protruding feature has comprised in the definition phase of feature and contained face and the protruding situation about being connected of face, and then can discern protruding feature.Curved surface identification is primarily aimed at interior shape and the corner face in the cavity feature, method is: do a surface level by the center of curved surface, get the mid point of curved surface on two borders of vertical direction, do the normal direction of curved surface respectively, to the surface level projection, try to achieve the intersection point of both direction along normal direction in midpoint, calculate the projector distance of intersection point to curved surface, if this distance satisfies certain threshold value with the difference of the acquiescence knuckle radius of part, then this curved surface is judged as the corner face, otherwise is interior shape face.Based on the definition identification limit feature of holographic attribute face edge graph for the limit feature, the limit feature identification here is attached in the muscle process of feature recognition.After simple feature identification is finished, carry out characteristics combination according to processing technology and rule of combination, finish the compound characteristics combination and intersect feature identification, carry out the extraction of characteristic parameter then, the parameter of hole characteristic comprises: bore dia, hole depth, hole site, hole axially, information such as accuracy class, the upper deviation, lower deviation; The parameter of cavity feature comprises: information such as the maximum tool diameter of groove position, permission, knuckle radius, base angle radius, back chipping base angle, inclination maximum; The parameter of contour feature comprises: the information such as normal direction of outline position, contoured surface; The parameter of muscle feature comprises: information such as the position of muscle, muscle end face normal direction, the bent top of initiating terminal or flat-top type, the bent top of clearing end or flat-top type.Last output characteristic recognition result.
Claims (9)
1. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1, the definition of structural member machining feature: described structural member machining feature comprises hole, groove, profile, muscle feature; Hole characteristic is made of wall surface of the hole, last end face, following end face, last loop wire, lower ring line; Cavity feature by groove web, sidewall, corner, base angle, end face, protrudingly sink, recessedly fall into, drive the limit and constitute; Contour feature is made of the main manifold that profile links to each other; The muscle feature is made of muscle end face, side, restriction face, driving limit;
Step 2, the definition of machining feature seed face comprise:
The seed face of definition hole characteristic is a wall surface of the hole, and wall surface of the hole is the face of cylinder, and two faces that link to each other with cylinder are the plane and become protruding with cylinder and be connected;
The seed face of definition cavity feature is a groove web face, the web face be surface level and with the distance of die joint less than preset value;
The seed face of definition contour feature is a profile master manifold, and the main manifold of contour feature is the joint face of cavity feature end face and does not belong in the cavity feature that part of of shape face and corner face;
The seed face of definition muscle feature is the muscle end face, and the seed face of muscle feature is the end face of cavity feature, and the width of face is less than preset value;
Step 3, data are carried out pre-service, comprising: to set up machining coordinate be workpiece, set die joint and overall information reads in;
Step 4, take out all point, line, surface topology elements of model, rename topological element, make topological component identification have uniqueness according to the mode of component name+identification code from the bottom of CAD;
The holographic attribute face edge graph of step 5, structure structural member digital model;
Step 6, feature seed faceted search are specially: the holographic attribute face edge graph of traversal Structural Part Model, mate with the feature seed face that defines;
Step 7, expand, form simple feature based on the seed face;
Step 8, according to the characteristics combination rule, simple feature is combined to form compound characteristics;
Step 9, extraction characteristic parameter obtain the feature identification result.
2. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the die joint of described setting is meant that with groove web face be die joint.
3. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described overall information comprises part classification, part processing mode, typical corner, typical base angle accuracy class, the upper deviation, lower deviation.
4. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described holographic attribute face edge graph comprises following content:
The information on limit: ring or outer shroud sign, adjacent surface angle, limit angle, edge lengths in the unique identification on limit, real limit or empty limit sign, curve or straight line sign, limit belong to;
The information of face: the area of the main normal direction of the unique identification of face, real face or empty face sign, curved surface or plane mark, face, the quantity of phase cross surface, face, inner and outer ring number, face and the direction of feed angulation of face.
5. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described feature seed faceted search specifically in accordance with the following methods: the seed face of at first searching for hole and cavity feature; Then based on the recognition result of cavity feature and the seed face of holographic attribute face edge graph search contour feature; At last based on the recognition result of cavity feature, contour feature and the seed face of holographic attribute face edge graph search muscle feature.
6. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly expands based on the seed face, forms simple feature, comprising: broken inhibition, curved surface identification, protruding feature identification, limit feature identification.
7. as many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that described broken inhibition is based on the description of attribute face edge graph for the face feature, the area by face relatively and the width of face and predetermined threshold value realization, wherein, the judgement flow process of broken of wire is as follows:
All limits are discrete by 1/10th long equal lengths of minimal width, get separation, set up point range;
In point range, find two maximum point: p0 of distance, p1;
Expand to p1 from the beginning of p0 point along syntople, write down limit on the way, set up limit row stack; The point that the limit lists is removed the sum of left point in the statistics point range from point range
With counter
Zero setting; The traversal point range is calculated the distance that it is listed as to the limit, and the record closest approach, if closest approach is p0 or p1's, then this puts position Null Spot,
=
-1; If closest approach is not that p0 and p1 and distance are less than presetting minimal width, then
E. calculate
With
Ratio, if it is greater than predetermined threshold value, judge that then this face is broken an of wire.
8. as many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that, described curved surface identification specifically in accordance with the following methods:
Do a surface level by the center of curved surface, get the mid point of curved surface on two borders of vertical direction, do the normal direction of curved surface respectively in midpoint, normal direction is to the surface level projection, try to achieve the intersection point of both direction, calculate the projector distance of intersection point, if this satisfies certain threshold values apart from the difference with the acquiescence knuckle radius of part to curved surface, then this curved surface is judged as the corner face, otherwise is interior shape face.
9. many body characteristicses of complex structural member recognition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described characteristic parameter comprises: the parameter of hole characteristic comprises: bore dia, hole depth, hole site, hole axially, accuracy class, the upper deviation, lower deviation;
The parameter of cavity feature comprises: the maximum tool diameter of groove position, permission, knuckle radius, base angle radius, back chipping base angle, inclination maximum;
The parameter of contour feature comprises: the normal direction of outline position, contoured surface;
The parameter of muscle feature comprises: the position of muscle, muscle end face normal direction, the bent top of initiating terminal or flat-top type, the bent top of clearing end or flat-top type.
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| CN102567588A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | 武汉大学 | Matching method for topological elements in heterogeneous CAD (computer-aided design) integration |
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Application publication date: 20111221 Assignee: Jiangsu Mai Lin aviation Polytron Technologies Inc Assignor: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Contract record no.: 2018320000038 Denomination of invention: Method for identifying characteristics of complex structure in multi-body mode Granted publication date: 20121212 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20180306 |