CN102212750A - Steel plate for ship structure and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Steel plate for ship structure and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel plate for a ship structure and a manufacture method thereof. The steel plate for the ship structure comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.10%-0.16% of C, 0.20%-0.45% of Si, 1.25%-1.55% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, 0.020%-0.050% of Nb, 0.010%-0.020% of Ti, 0.030%-0.070% of V, 0.20%-0.40% of Ni, 0.015%-0.050% of Als, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein Als is aluminum soluble in acid. According to the invention, the steel plate can be used for ships or offshore oil platforms; the steel plate is simple in component design and good and steady in performance and also has a good welding performance; and simultaneously, a preparation process is simple and is easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to structural low, specifically, relate to a kind of steel plate and manufacture method thereof that is used for hull structure.
Background technology
Ship structure steel plate is one of shipbuilding, offshore platform industry consumption maximum, steel plate kind various in style.Along with development of global economy, the integration process gradually deeply, world shipping industry and ocean energy resources extraction industry develop rapidly, the demand of large-tonnage ships and offshore platform increases just year by year.To high-level and to have the demand of ship hull structure use steel of property (for example, anti-lamellar tearing performance) more and more.To characteristics such as the specification of quality height of deck of boat steel, check strictnesses, be one of high added value steel products.
Yet the production method of general controlled rolling and controlled cooling is difficult to satisfy requirement, especially the 100mm super-thick steel plate to the steel plate thickness directional properties.Specifically, often, component segregation worsens because of causing the core structure of steel plate, the thickness direction relative reduction in area can not satisfy customer requirements, normalized steel also causes carbon content to increase because of strength degradation or alloy content increases, cost is increased, and the welding property of steel plate also can worsen, and also aggravated the component segregation of heart portion simultaneously.
Therefore, need badly existing technology of producing special thick high-level deck of boat steel is improved, to produce special medium-thickness ship plate steel with high-intensity high-tenacity maximum section of passenger flow shrinking percentage.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides special medium-thickness ship plate steel of a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity maximum section of passenger flow shrinking percentage and production method thereof.According to deck of boat steel of the present invention, its product Chemical Composition is reasonable in design, and controlling of production process is simple, the production efficiency height, and quality product, stable performance are easy to control.
The invention discloses a kind of steel plate that is used for hull structure, the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.10%～0.16% C, 0.20%～0.45% Si, 1.25%～1.55% Mn, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, 0.020%～0.050% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.030%～0.070% V, 0.20%～0.40% Ni, 0.015%～0.050% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities, wherein, Als is sour molten aluminium.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure can be made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.12%～0.15% C, 0.25%～0.40% Si, 1.30%～1.50% Mn, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, 0.025%～0.045% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.035%～0.060% V, 0.25%～0.40% Ni, 0.020%～0.045% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities.
The invention discloses the method that a kind of manufacturing is used for the steel plate of hull structure, described method comprises smelting, heating, rolling, water-cooled and normalizing operation, it is characterized in that controlling the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.10%～0.16% C, 0.20%～0.45% Si, 1.25%～1.55% Mn, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, 0.020%～0.050% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.030%～0.070% V, 0.20%～0.40% Ni, 0.015%～0.050% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities, wherein, Als is sour molten aluminium.In smelting procedure, refinery scum basicity is controlled between 2.5～4.0 casting process full guard cast, tundish superheating temperature≤25 ℃; In heating process, the Heating temperature in the control process furnace is 1180 ℃～1240 ℃, and be 3.5 hours～5 hours heat-up time; In the roughing operation, the control start rolling temperature is 1100 ℃～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to carry out 4～7 passages, and intermediate blank thickness 〉=1.8H treats temperature after rolling, and described H is a finished product thickness; In the finish rolling operation, the control start rolling temperature is 850～890 ℃, and it is rolling to carry out 4～7 passages, and exit thickness is 50～100mm, 810～850 ℃ of finishing temperatures; In the water-cooled operation, opening cold temperature is 800 ℃～840 ℃, and final cooling temperature is 620 ℃～680 ℃, and speed of cooling is 5 ℃/s～8 ℃/s; In the normalizing operation, normalizing temperature is 880 ℃～910 ℃, soaking time 25min～40min.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in described roughing operation, when finished product thickness was 50mm≤H≤60mm, control intermediate blank thickness was 2.5H; When finished product thickness was 60mm＜H≤80mm, control intermediate blank thickness was 2.0H; When finished product thickness during at 80mm＜H≤100mm, control intermediate blank thickness is 1.8H, and wherein H is a finished product thickness.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in described finish rolling operation, when finished product thickness is 50mm≤H≤60mm, the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 880 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 845 ± 10 ℃; When finished product thickness is 60mm＜H≤80mm, the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 870 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 840 ± 10 ℃; When finished product thickness is 80mm＜H≤100mm, the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 860 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 835 ± 10 ℃.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in described water-cooled operation, when the finished product thickness of steel plate is 50.0mm≤H≤60.0mm, will opens cold temperature and be controlled at 830 ± 10 ℃, speed of cooling is controlled at 6 ± 1 ℃/s; When the finished product thickness of steel plate is 60mm＜H≤100mm, will open cold temperature and be controlled at 830 ± 10 ℃, speed of cooling is controlled at 7 ± 1 ℃/s.Final cooling temperature is 620 ℃～680 ℃.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the thickness of steel plate is 50mm～100mm.
Therefore, steel plate of the present invention can be used for boats and ships or offshore platform, and its composition simplicity of design, and excellent property is stable and have good welding property, and preparation technology is simple simultaneously, is easy to control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of heart portion of special thick high-strength ship plates according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure of limit portion of special thick high-strength ship plates according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure of heart portion of special thick high-strength ship plates according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure figure of limit portion of special thick high-strength ship plates according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the metallographic structure figure of heart portion according to the special thick high-strength ship plates of further embodiment of this invention.
Fig. 6 is the metallographic structure figure of limit portion according to the special thick high-strength ship plates of further embodiment of this invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, unless stated otherwise, otherwise the content of various materials all by percentage to the quality.
The invention provides special medium-thickness ship plate steel of a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity maximum section of passenger flow shrinking percentage and production method thereof, utilize the mill milling ability to emphasize to save rolling technology, roll the high control of back water cooling equipment control accuracy water-cooling process, further refinement steel plate grain fineness number, have favorable tissue for the steel plate normalizing treatment provides, guarantee that normalized steel plate can access the ideal grain fineness number; Formulate rational normalizing process, guarantee that the steel plate complete austenitizing can make the element of segregation can access to a certain degree diffusion simultaneously again, alleviate the degree of segregation, plate property is got further improve.This, water-cooled rolling by regulating and normalizing process are produced the special medium-thickness ship plate steel of high-intensity high-tenacity maximum section of passenger flow shrinking percentage, have not only saved alloy addition level, have reduced production cost, and have stablized the thickness directional properties of product.
The invention provides a kind of steel plate that is used for hull structure, specifically, provide a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity maximum section of passenger flow shrinking percentage special medium-thickness ship plate steel.The chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure according to the present invention is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.10%～0.16% C, 0.20%～0.45% Si, 1.25%～1.55% Mn, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, 0.020%～0.050% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.030%～0.070% V, 0.20%～0.40% Ni, 0.015%～0.050% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities, wherein, Als is sour molten aluminium.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.12%～0.15% C, 0.25%～0.40% Si, 1.30%～1.50% Mn, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, 0.025%～0.045% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.035%～0.060% V, 0.25%～0.40% Ni, 0.020%～0.045% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities, wherein, Als is sour molten aluminium.
The steel plate that is used for hull structure according to the present invention is determined its steel grades by considering following factor: consider the requirement of the requirement of proof strength, the requirement of low-temperature impact toughness, anti-lamellar tearing performance demands and welding property simultaneously, carbon equivalent can not be high.Specifically, based on the requirement of intensity and welding property, the C content of control in the steel be 0.10%～0.16% and Mn content be 1.25%～1.55%; The loss of intensity by add Nb, V, Ti and carry out microalloying and to the reasonable control of C, N content to separate out Nb[C, N], V[C, N], Ti[C, N] remedy; In order to help to improve austenite recrystallization temperature and crystal grain thinning simultaneously, the Nb content in the control steel is 0.020%～0.050%, V content be 0.030%～0.070% and Ti content be 0.010%～0.020%; Based on anti-lamellar tearing performance demands, and the cleanliness factor of assurance molten steel, S≤0.005% and P≤0.015% in the control molten steel.
Below, be limited to reason in the above-mentioned scope with describing chemical ingredients according to deck of boat steel of the present invention in detail.
C is a strengthening element most economical in the steel, but the increase of carbon content reduces the plasticity of steel and impelling strength, and cold short proneness and timeliness proneness improve, and worsen welding property.Because deck of boat steel is through being usually used in offshore operation, this just requires deck of boat steel to have excellent intensity and good welding property, should reduce carbon content as far as possible exceeds standard to avoid carbon equivalent, must additionally increase other valuable microalloy content when considering carbon drop and could guarantee armor plate strength, this just causes cost to increase considerably.Therefore, the content of taking all factors into consideration C suits to be controlled at 0.10%～0.16%.If C content＜0.10%, then armor plate strength can not get guaranteeing, needs to add other alloy or improves the content that has added alloy, will certainly cause cost to increase like this; If C content＞0.16%, though the intensity of steel plate is guaranteed, the too high levels of C element will worsen the low-temperature flexibility and the welding property of steel plate, influences the use properties of steel plate.Preferably, C content is controlled at 0.12%～0.15%.
Si enters ferrite and plays the solution strengthening effect, reduce yield tensile ratio, but Si can improve the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel significantly, simultaneously to also worsening plasticity.Therefore, the content of Si is suitable is controlled at 0.20%～0.50%.If Si content＜0.20%, then solid solution DeGrain; If Si content＞0.50% then can improve the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel plate, the plasticity of deterioration steel plate.Preferably, Si content is controlled at 0.25%～0.40%.
Mn can reduce critical transition temperature Ar
3, the refine pearlite laminated structure plays the effect that improves ferrite and pearlitic intensity and hardness in the steel.Because manganese and sulphur have bigger avidity, MnS has certain plasticity thereby has avoided the hot-short of steel when high temperature, but too high Mn content can influence the welding property of steel plate, also can aggravate the center segregation of strand, cause the product banded structure serious, and then have influence on impelling strength.Therefore, the content of Mn is suitable is controlled at 1.25%～1.55%.If Mn content＜1.25% is then just not obvious by the effect of adding Mn element raising intensity; If Mn content＞1.55% then can aggravate the center segregation of strand, cause the product banded structure serious, cause steel plate heart portion mis-behave, steel plate is reduced along the relative reduction in area of thickness direction.Preferably, Mn content is controlled at 1.30%～1.50%.
P belongs to the low temperature brittleness element.P can significantly enlarge the two-phase region between liquid phase and the solid phase, and segregation forms the high phosphorus brittle layer in intergranule in the steel process of setting, thereby can improve the rank of banded structure.Banded structure can cause the local organization of steel unusual, makes the mechanical property of steel plate inhomogeneous, thereby reduces the plasticity of steel.Simultaneously, too high P content can make steel easily produce brittle crack, and erosion resistance descends, and welding property is also had disadvantageous effect.Therefore,, should reduce the content of phosphorus in steel as far as possible, be controlled at below 0.015% so the content of P is suitable in order to reduce welding crack sensibility.
When S is present in the steel with the form of FeS and content when high, easily produce hot-short phenomenon.When S is present in the steel with the form of MnS, often distribute along rolling direction with the strip form, form serious banded structure, thereby destroyed the continuity of steel, and also can produce material impact the performance of steel different directions.Therefore, for plasticity and the impelling strength that improves steel, reduce ductile-brittle transition temperature, the content of S is suitable to be controlled at below 0.005%.
Nb can produce significant grain refining and medium precipitation strength effect.In Control Rolling Micro-alloy Steels, the crystal grain thinning of Nb and precipitation strength effect are the most outstanding, and the Nb of every interpolation 0.01% can improve the normal temperature strength 30MPa～50MPa of steel, are one of the most cost-effective means so add Nb.Therefore, if the Nb less than 0.02% that adds, the then DeGrain of the strengthening effect of Nb and crystal grain thinning.If but Nb too high levels (for example) greater than 0.05%, then easy the and elements formation low melting point eutectic things such as Fe, C of Nb have the tendency that increases the welded heat affecting zone thermal crack.Comprehensive each side factor is thin crystalline substance and the precipitation strength effect of giving full play to Nb, and the content of Nb is suitable to be controlled between 0.020%～0.050%.Preferably, Nb content is controlled at 0.025%～0.045%.
Ti can separate out the TiN particle under 1200 ℃～1300 ℃ high temperature, therefore, Ti can be used as Nb (C, N) separate out core, thereby reduce the quantity of fine niobium precipitate, and then reduce the crack sensitivity that contains the Nb steel.Ti can form the carbide or the nitride particles of tiny titanium, thereby obtains comparatively tiny austenitic microstructure by the alligatoring that stops austenite crystal in slab heat-processed.Ti combines with N and generates stable high diffusive compound, not only can eliminate the free nitrogen in the steel, helpful to the timeliness impact property of improving Bridge Steel, and can control grain-size in the heat affected zone when hot procedure and welding, improve the low-temperature flexibility at each position of steel construction, therefore, the content of Ti is suitable is controlled at 0.010～0.020%.If Ti content＜0.010%, then nitrogen fixation effect is not obvious, does not have to reduce the crack sensitivity effect that contains the Nb steel; If Ti content＞0.020%, requirement then can be above standard.
The effect of V mainly is that (C, N) form is present on matrix and the crystal boundary, plays the effect of precipitation strength and inhibition grain growth with V.Because vanadium and nitrogen have very strong avidity, the effect of free N in the fixing steel has been played in the adding of V, thereby can avoid the strain aging of steel.Lot of documents shows that the 15MnVN steel is along with the increase of steel plate thickness, and mechanical property changes not remarkable, be that the thickness of slab effect is not remarkable, this be since steel interalloy element V and C, N form stable V (C, N), V (C in the normalizing process, N) solid solution, in natural cooling process, separate out subsequently V (C, N), be the even dispersion particle, crystal grain thinning and precipitating action consumingly, thus steel plate thickness susceptibility is reduced, this just the deck of boat with the characteristics of the needs of structure iron.On the other hand, V also can improve the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel when playing intensive precipitation strength effect, worsens impelling strength.If V content＜0.030%, then precipitating reinforcing effect is not obvious; If V content＞0.070% then can improve the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel, worsen impelling strength.Take all factors into consideration, the sufficient quantity of V is controlled between 0.030～0.070%.Preferably, V content is controlled at 0.035%～0.060%.
Ni plays a part reinforced ferrite by forming simple substitutional solid solution, can improve the intensity of steel, and Ni is the austenite stable element simultaneously, can significantly improve the low-temperature impact-resistant toughness of steel.But Ni plate price is relatively expensive, considers cost factor, and the content with Ni in the composition design is defined as 0.20～0.40%.If Ni content＜0.20% then improves the DeGrain of steel plate low-temperature flexibility; If Ni content＞0.40% then causes unnecessary waste, the steel plate cost is raise.Preferably, Ni content is controlled at 0.25%～0.40%.
The crystal grain of Al energy refinement steel, the intensity of raising steel also improves impelling strength simultaneously.Because A1 and the stronger avidity of N also can be eliminated the timeliness susceptibility that the N element causes, the content with Als in the composition design is defined as 0.015%～0.050%.If Al content＜0.015%, then deoxidation and grain refinement effect are not obvious; If Al content＞0.050% then can produce the wadding flow phenomenon in casting cycle, nozzle clogging appears easily.Preferably, Al content is controlled at 0.020%～0.045%.
Therefore,, in the composition design, provide more accurate C, P, S span of control, simultaneously Als has also been done detailed requirement according to the steel plate that is used for hull structure of the present invention; In addition, be same as and added the Ni element, make deck of boat steel have good low temperature resistant toughness.Therefore, the steel plate that is used for hull structure according to the present invention has the favorable mechanical performance, and its yield strength, tensile strength, unit elongation all are higher than currently available products.
Below, will describe in detail according to the manufacture method that is used for the steel plate of hull structure of the present invention.
According to the present invention, the method for making special thick high-grade steel comprises smelting, heating, roughing, finish rolling, water-cooled, normalizing heat treatment step.Specifically, in smelting procedure, refinery scum basicity R is controlled between 2.5～4.0, casting process full guard cast, tundish superheating temperature≤25 ℃.It mainly is the effect of considering desulfurization that refinery scum basicity is controlled between 2.5～4.0, if basicity less than 2.5, sweetening effectiveness is not obvious; If basicity greater than 4.0, then can increase steel-making cost and production difficulty, also reduced production efficiency simultaneously.Superheating temperature requires≤25 ℃ to be because superheating temperature is too high, can increase strand susceptibility that cracks and the segregation degree that improves strand.
In heating process, the Heating temperature in the control process furnace is 1180 ℃～1240 ℃, and be 3.5 hours～5 hours heat-up time.Heating is the resistance to deformation that reduces strand, make the alloy of interpolation can be dissolved in the middle of the strand simultaneously, if temperature is lower than 1180 ℃, the alloy dissolving of then adding is insufficient, if temperature is higher than 1240 ℃, then can be too high because of Heating temperature, make the original austenite grains of steel billet too thick, be unfavorable for the performance of steel plate.If heat-up time, then burning was not saturating easily for strand less than 3.5 hours, promptly the heart portion and the surface temperature difference of strand are excessive, if make heat-up time long (more than 5 hours) strand produce superheating phenomenon easily, have increased energy consumption simultaneously.
In the roughing operation, the control start rolling temperature is 1100 ℃～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to carry out 4～7 passages.It is the result that combined factors such as temperature drop that the temperature drop that causes according to the distance between billet heating temperature (being tapping temperature), process furnace and the milling train and the dephosphorize by high pressure water before the roughing cause are considered that the roughing start rolling temperature is not more than 1200 ℃ setting; The roughing start rolling temperature is not less than 1100 ℃, is to treat for a long time after temperature causes temperature to reduce the resistance to deformation of steel plate to be increased before roughing mill in order to prevent, is unfavorable for producing.Intermediate blank thickness (roughing supplied materials thickness) 〉=1.8H is treated temperature after rolling, and described H is a finished product thickness.Specifically, if the finished product thickness of steel plate is 50mm≤H≤60mm, then controls intermediate blank thickness and be preferably 2.5H; If the finished product thickness of steel plate is 60mm＜H≤80mm, then controls intermediate blank thickness and be preferably 2.0H; If finished product thickness is 80mm＜H≤100mm, then controls intermediate blank thickness and be preferably 1.8H.The selected principle of intermediate blank thickness (roughing supplied materials thickness) has: the first, and guaranteeing is having vertical heavy reduction rolling, further refine austenite crystal grain more than two passages after the roughing broadening stage; The second, guarantee that general requirements finished product intermediate blank thickness is not less than 2 times of finished product thickness, make the finish rolling stage that enough accumulation draught be arranged, impel separating out and ferrite transformation of alloying element, further refinement steel plate crystal grain; The 3rd, guarantee that the finishing temperature of steel plate can not be low excessively, promptly under the certain prerequisite of start rolling temperature, rolling pass is too much unsuitable, otherwise does not guarantee out cold temperature.This intermediate blank thickness is one can be had by a small margin to change according to one in situ production process optimization thickness, should not be excessive but change, and especially thickness is at the steel plate of the above thickness of 80mm.
In the finish rolling operation, the control start rolling temperature is 850 ℃～890 ℃, and it is rolling to carry out 4～7 passages, and exit thickness is 50～100mm, 810～850 ℃ of finishing temperatures.Specifically,, then the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 880 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 845 ± 10 ℃, finish rolling rolling pass 5～7 passages if the finished product thickness of steel plate is 50mm≤H≤60mm; If the finished product thickness of steel plate is 60mm＜H≤80mm, then the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 870 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 840 ± 10 ℃, finish rolling rolling pass 4～6 passages; If the finished product thickness of steel plate at 80mm＜H≤100mm, then is controlled at 860 ± 10 ℃ with the finish rolling start rolling temperature, finishing temperature is controlled at 835 ± 10 ℃, finish rolling rolling pass 4～6 passages.Intermediate blank thickness, cumulative deformation, non-recrystallization district controlled rolling technology (being finish rolling start rolling temperature and finishing temperature) are very crucial for the control of finished product structure property.
In the water-cooled operation, opening cold temperature (that is, the temperature that begins to cool down) is 800 ℃～840 ℃, and final cooling temperature is 620 ℃～680 ℃, and speed of cooling is 5 ℃/s～8 ℃/s.Specifically, if the finished product thickness of steel plate is 50mm≤H≤60mm, just will have opened cold temperature and be controlled at 830 ± 10 ℃, speed of cooling is controlled at 6 ± 1 ℃/s; If the finished product thickness of steel plate is 60mm＜H≤100mm, then will open cold temperature and be controlled at 830 ± 10 ℃, speed of cooling is controlled at 7 ± 1 ℃/s.The steel plate that is used for hull structure according to the present invention needs good welding property and extension property, considers its requirement of strength simultaneously, and steel plate is comparatively suitable with polygonal ferrite+perlite or acicular ferrite+pearlitic types of organization.If it is higher that temperature is opened cold temperature, then do not satisfy the finishing temperature requirement, if it is lower to open cold temperature, then can Widmannstatten structure appear easily, be unfavorable for plate property.If speed of cooling is very fast, final cooling temperature is lower, then bainite or martensitic stucture may occur, and the steel plate extension property will worsen; If speed of cooling is slow excessively, final cooling temperature is higher, and the ferritic structure after then changing will be grown up, thereby causes plate property to reduce.
Finish rolling start rolling temperature, final cooling temperature and open cold temperature determine it is an interactional process.At first will determine out cold temperature in this several temperature point, the design composition according to steel plate of determining of opening cold temperature draws the Ar3 point temperature of steel plate, determines that according to Ar3 point temperature it opens cold temperature then.By opening cold temperature design steel plate finish rolling finishing temperature, then according to temperature drop characteristics and steel plate Tnr point temperature (that is, non-recrystallization temperature) the finish rolling start rolling temperature of determining steel plate of different thickness steel plate in the operation of rolling.The steel plate speed of cooling is to design desired tissue according to the performance requriements of steel plate, designs the speed of cooling of steel plate then according to tissues needed.If the speed of cooling of steel plate is too fast, organizing of then drawing is harder, and armor plate strength is higher, and toughness and unit elongation are relatively poor, if the speed of cooling of steel plate is slow excessively, then the intensity of steel plate can not get guaranteeing.Adopt the general producer of steel plate of normalizing delivery not adopt water-cooled in process of production, this just causes steel plate slow excessively in response to speed of cooling, will form comparatively serious banded structure, influences the performance of steel plate.
In the normalizing operation, normalizing temperature is 880 ℃～910 ℃, soaking time 25min～40min.Normalizing temperature is the Ac3 point temperature that draws the steel plate under this composition according to the design composition of steel plate, and then the normalizing temperature of definite steel plate.Soaking time is that the target temperature that the heart portion temperature with steel plate reaches setting is as the criterion, and considers factors such as steel plate composition, normalizing front spring tissue characteristic, equipment characteristic simultaneously, finally determines a soaking time.If the normalizing soaking time is not enough, then steel plate heart portion temperature is not enough, causes heart portion and surface property inhomogeneous; The easy decarburization of surface of steel plate if soaking time is long, the ferrite crystal grain of surface of steel plate is grown up easily simultaneously, influences plate property.
Steel plate by the aforesaid method manufacturing has the little performance of high strength, high tenacity and relative reduction in area, is a kind of structural low, is applicable to boats and ships, offshore platform manufacturing.
In addition, the present invention can make the special thick high-strength ship plates that thickness is 100mm, has solved its mechanical property instability and thickness direction tissue odds and has spared, and segregation is serious, the little technical barrier that waits of thickness direction relative reduction in area.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.More because of relating to the parameter of change, thus in selecting for use earlier between each caliper zones the thickness of difficult production be that example describes with the endpoint value and the intermediate value of technology respectively then, but the invention is not restricted to this as case study on implementation.
The thick EH36 industry of embodiment 1:100mm is rolling
The special medium-thickness ship plate steel of a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity maximum section of passenger flow shrinking percentage, its chemical ingredients mass percentage content is: C 0.12%, and Si 0.36%, and Mn 1.45%, P 0.009%, S 0.005%, and Nb 0.038%, and V 0.033%, Ti 0.017%, Ni 0.25%, and Als 0.038%, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities.
Casting blank cross-section size: 300mm * 2200mm * 3600mm; Final dimension: 100mm * 2300mm * Lmm.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned steel plate that is used for hull structure is as follows: comprise smelting, heating, roughing, finish rolling operation; wherein refinery scum basicity is controlled at 2.5; steel ladle pouring adds the full guard cast that the Ar envelope is protected, the tundish submerged nozzle adds the Ar envelope with long nozzle, and the tundish superheating temperature is 19 ℃.Follow-up rolling, water-cooled and thermal treatment process see Table 1.The rigidity of present embodiment can be listed in the table 2.Performance test methods adopts international method.
Deck of boat steel steel plate to embodiment 1 preparation is got horizontal sample along head 1/2 thickness place, in the rolling direction face pre-grinding of microscopic test machine upper edge, laboratory, polishing, corrodes with nitric acid and to make metallographic specimen, observes and measure grain fineness number then under opticmicroscope.Observe: the steel matrix homogeneous microstructure is tiny, grain fineness number about 8.5～9.5 grades, V, Nb, Ti[C that disperse distributes, N] to change thing control desirable.In addition, the deck of boat steel steel plate of embodiment 1 preparation is got horizontal sample along head 1/2 thickness place, be processed into surveying society and require the bar-shaped sample of standard, carry out tension test on 100 tons of tensile testing machines, steel plate tensile property (seeing Table 1) is stable; On the 450J trier, to requiring the impact specimen of processing to test according to surveying society, impelling strength value stabilization and surplus capacity be big (seeing Table 1), satisfies each surveying society's standard-required fully.
The thick EH36 industry of embodiment 2:80mm is rolling
The special thick high-strength ship plates of a kind of controlled rolling type, the mass percentage content of its chemical ingredients is: C 0.13%, and Si 0.36%, and Mn 1.45%, P 0.009%, S 0.004%, and Nb 0.038%, and V 0.033%, Ti 0.017%, Ni 0.31%, and Als 0.038%, and surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Casting blank cross-section size: 300mm * 2200mm * 3600mm; Final dimension: 80mm * 2500mm * Lmm.
The preparation method of the special thick high-strength ship plates of above-mentioned controlled rolling type is as follows: comprise smelting, heating, roughing, finish rolling operation; Wherein refinery scum basicity is controlled at 2.8, and steel ladle pouring adds the full guard cast that the Ar envelope is protected, the tundish submerged nozzle adds the Ar envelope with long nozzle, and the tundish superheating temperature is 23 ℃; Follow-up rolling, water-cooled and thermal treatment process see Table 1.The rigidity of present embodiment can be listed in the table 2.Performance test methods adopts international method.
The thick EH36 industry of embodiment 3:60mm is rolling
The special thick high-strength ship plates of a kind of controlled rolling type, the mass percentage content of its chemical ingredients is: C 0.15%, and Si 0.32%, and Mn 1.43%, P 0.010%, S 0.003%, and Nb 0.033%, and V 0.031%, Ti 0.015%, Ni 0.29%, and Als 0.037%, and surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Casting blank cross-section size: 300mm * 2200mm * 3600mm; Final dimension: 60mm * 2800mm * Lmm.
The preparation method of the special thick high-strength ship plates of above-mentioned controlled rolling type is as follows: comprise smelting, heating, roughing, finish rolling operation; Wherein refinery scum basicity is controlled at 3.7, and steel ladle pouring adds the full guard cast that the Ar envelope is protected, the tundish submerged nozzle adds the Ar envelope with long nozzle, and the tundish superheating temperature is 21 ℃.Follow-up rolling, water-cooled and thermal treatment process see Table 1.The plate property of present embodiment is listed in the table 2.Performance test methods adopts international method.
The process explanation of each embodiment of table 1
The mechanical property of the steel plate that is used for hull structure of table 2 various embodiments of the present invention preparation
The standard performance requirement of table 3 surveying society
As can be seen from Table 2, the special thick high-strength ship plates performance inconsistency of the present invention's preparation is less, and surplus capacity is bigger, satisfies each surveying society's standard-required fully.
Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 are respectively the metallographic structure figure of heart portion (* 200) of the special thick high-strength ship plates of example 1, example 2 and example 3 according to the embodiment of the invention 1, and Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 are respectively the metallographic structure figure of limit portion (* 100) of the special thick high-strength ship plates of example 1, example 2 and example 3 according to the embodiment of the invention 1.By Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 as can be seen, the steel plate tissue is ferrite+perlite, and grain fineness number is at 9.0～10.0 grades, and crystal grain is comparatively tiny.From core structure, soaking time is long more, and the carbon diffusion in the heart portion segregation line is obvious more, and heart portion performance is also better relatively, but difference is not obvious, illustrates that the production technique of formulating is reasonable.The surface structure content of pearlite in alloy is lacked than heart portion, mainly be because when rolling the back water cooling, surface temperature is lower, the carbon velocity of diffusion is slower, have little time to separate out and be fixed in the ferrite, in follow-up heat treatment process, some carbon is separated out in the middle of ferrite, just forms the perlite of point-like around ferrite.Heart portion pearlitic structure is more relatively mainly to be owing to just there is this component segregation in casting process, adds that whole cold junction Shu Houxin portion temperature than the surface temperature height, leaves the competent time to some Elements Diffusion such as carbon, and the surface is serious to cause the segregation of heart portion.This segregation is eased after by thermal treatment to Effect on Performance, from results of property also this point as can be seen.So this technology establishment satisfies the requirement of EH36 structure property fully.
Therefore, deck of boat steel made according to the method for the present invention has the performance of high-intensity high-tenacity, and its thickness can reach 100mm.Compare with the deck of boat steel of other production technique manufacturing, the steel plate of this explained hereafter is not only superior in quality, and the thickness direction relative reduction in area is big, and technology is handy.In addition,, in the composition design of steel plate, provide more accurate C, P, S span of control, simultaneously Als has also been done detailed requirement according to the present invention; The STEELMAKING PRODUCTION cost of alloy is lower, the stable easily control of production process, the also stable easily control of chemical ingredients.And, the present invention is owing to added the Ni element, make the steel plate of making have good low temperature resistant toughness, and should invent owing to adopt the mode of rolling back water-cooled, further refinement steel plate crystal grain, the alloying element that makes steel plate need reduces, carbon equivalent is low, improved welding property, simultaneously steel plate toughness has been further improved.Therefore, the steel plate that this invention is produced has the favorable mechanical performance, and its yield strength, tensile strength, unit elongation all are higher than currently available products.Product Chemical Composition of the present invention is reasonable in design, and controlling of production process is simple, production efficiency height, quality product, stable performance.
The present invention can also have other embodiments, and the technical scheme that equal replacement of all employings or equivalent transformation become all drops within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. steel plate that is used for hull structure, the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.10%～0.16% C, 0.20%～0.45% Si, 1.25%～1.55% Mn, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, 0.020%～0.050% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.030%～0.070% V, 0.20%～0.40% Ni, 0.015%～0.050% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities, wherein, Als is sour molten aluminium.
2. the steel plate that is used for hull structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.12%～0.15% C, 0.25%～0.40% Si, 1.30%～1.50% Mn, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, 0.025%～0.045% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.035%～0.060% V, 0.25%～0.40% Ni, 0.020%～0.045% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities.
3. the steel plate that is used for hull structure as claimed in claim 1, the thickness that it is characterized in that described steel plate is 50mm～100mm.
4. the steel plate that is used for hull structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described steel plate is shipping steel plate or offshore platform steel plate.
5. a manufacturing is used for the method for the steel plate of hull structure, described method comprises smelting, heating, rolling, water-cooled and normalizing operation, it is characterized in that controlling the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.10%～0.16% C, 0.20%～0.45% Si, 1.25%～1.55% Mn, P≤0.015%, S≤0.005%, 0.020%～0.050% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.030%～0.070% V, 0.20%～0.40% Ni, 0.015%～0.050% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities, wherein, Als is sour molten aluminium
Wherein, in smelting procedure, refinery scum basicity is controlled between 2.5～4.0 casting process full guard cast, tundish superheating temperature≤25 ℃;
In heating process, the Heating temperature in the control process furnace is 1180 ℃～1240 ℃, and be 3.5 hours～5 hours heat-up time;
In the roughing operation, the control start rolling temperature is 1100 ℃～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to carry out 4～7 passages, and intermediate blank thickness 〉=1.8H treats temperature after rolling, and described H is a finished product thickness;
In the finish rolling operation, the control start rolling temperature is 850～890 ℃, and it is rolling to carry out 4～7 passages, exit thickness 50～100mm, 810～850 ℃ of finishing temperatures;
In the water-cooled operation, opening cold temperature is 800 ℃～840 ℃, and final cooling temperature is 620 ℃～680 ℃, and speed of cooling is 5 ℃/s～8 ℃/s;
In the normalizing operation, normalizing temperature is 880 ℃～910 ℃, soaking time 25min～40min.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that the described chemical ingredients that is used for the steel plate of hull structure is made up of following material by mass percentage: 0.12%～0.15% C, 0.25%～0.40% Si, 1.30%～1.50% Mn, P≤0.010%, S≤0.005%, 0.025%～0.045% Nb, 0.010%～0.020% Ti, 0.035%～0.060% V, 0.25%～0.40% Ni, 0.020%～0.045% Als, and the Fe of surplus and unavoidable impurities.
7. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that in described roughing operation, and when finished product thickness was 50mm≤H≤60mm, control intermediate blank thickness was 2.5H; When finished product thickness was 60mm＜H≤80mm, control intermediate blank thickness was 2.0H; When finished product thickness during at 80mm＜H≤100mm, control intermediate blank thickness is 1.8H.
8. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that in described finish rolling operation, when finished product thickness is 50mm≤H≤60mm, the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 880 ± 10 ℃, and finishing temperature is controlled at 845 ± 10 ℃; When finished product thickness is 60mm＜H≤80mm, the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 870 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 840 ± 10 ℃; When finished product thickness is 80mm＜H≤100mm, the finish rolling start rolling temperature is controlled at 860 ± 10 ℃, finishing temperature is controlled at 835 ± 10 ℃.
9. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that in described water-cooled operation, when the finished product thickness of steel plate is 50mm≤H≤60mm, will opens cold temperature and be controlled at 830 ± 10 ℃, and speed of cooling is controlled at 6 ± 1 ℃/s; When the finished product thickness of steel plate is 60mm＜H≤100mm, will open cold temperature and be controlled at 830 ± 10 ℃, speed of cooling is controlled at 7 ± 1 ℃/s.
10. method as claimed in claim 5, the thickness that it is characterized in that described steel plate is 50mm～100mm.
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