CN102201010A - Distributed database system without sharing structure and realizing method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed database system without a sharing structure and a realizing method thereof, relating to the technical field of the database. The system comprises a client, a proxy server and a plurality of data service nodes, wherein the client is connected with the proxy server for transmitting data requests to the proxy server; the proxy server is connected with the data service nodes for forwarding the data requests to the data service nodes; and the data service nodes are used for receiving the data requests, performing corresponding database operation after structured query language (SQL) sentences in the data requests are optimized, and returning the arranged and summarized operation result to the client. The system and the realizing method thereof ensure that the processing work to the data requests is transferred from the proxy server to the data service nodes, so that the functions of the proxy server are simplified, and the bottleneck limit of the proxy server to the whole database system is relieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to database technical field, particularly a kind of distributed data base system and its implementation of not having shared framework.
Background technology
Distributed data base system comprises distributed data base management system (DDBMS) and distributed data base.In distributed data base system, an application program can be carried out transparent visit and operation to entire database, the DATA DISTRIBUTION in the entire database is stored in the different local data banks, by different data base management system (DBMS)s manage, operation on different servers, by different operating system supports, linked together by different communication networks.Distributed data base system mainly contains following characteristics: have architectural framework flexibly; Adapt to distributed management and control architecture; Economic performance is superior; Reliability height, the availability of system are good; The response speed of topical application is fast; Favorable expandability is easy to integrated existing systems.
Distributed data base system has two kinds of traditional frameworks, and a kind of is to share framework, and another kind is not have the framework of sharing.
Adopt and share the shared identical data of distributed data base system that framework is realized, all can regard local file as in use, therefore when a plurality of users of processing ask continuously, can carry out associative operation concurrently, shorten the Whole Response time, but single request can't be assigned on other data serving nodes and handle simultaneously, to improve response speed.
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing that traditional nothing is shared the distributed data base system of framework, in this distributed data base system, DATA DISTRIBUTION is stored on a plurality of data serving nodes and realizes partial redundance, single request can be assigned to according to the distribution of data on a plurality of data serving nodes and handle simultaneously, but because acting server is responsible for the optimization of SQL statement and the integration of all request results, it is the performance bottleneck of whole distributed data base system, when having the mass data request, can influence the response speed of entire system.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: how a kind of distributed data base system and its implementation of not having shared framework is provided, becomes the problem of the performance bottleneck of whole distributed data base system to overcome acting server.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of distributed data base system of not having shared framework, it comprises: client, acting server and a plurality of data serving node;
Described client, connect described acting server, be used for sending request of data to described acting server, perhaps be used to receive the link information of described data serving node, and send described request of data to described data serving node after setting up session according to described link information and described data serving node;
Described acting server connects described data serving node, is used for described request of data is transmitted to described data serving node, perhaps sends the link information of described data serving node to described client;
Described data serving node is used to receive described request of data, after the SQL statement optimization process in the described request of data, carries out corresponding database operation, and returns to described client after the operating result arrangement gathered.
Preferably, described system also comprises the data dictionary module of a plurality of storage identical information; Described acting server is connected a described data dictionary module respectively with data serving node, described data dictionary module is used for storing the address of the tables of data that described data serving node comprises at the address of network, described data serving node, and the address of the table subregion that comprises of described tables of data.
Preferably, described system also comprises backup server, and the described data dictionary module that is connected with described backup server; Described backup server also connects described acting server, is used for replacing when described acting server breaks down described acting server.
Preferably, described system also comprises switch, described acting server connects a plurality of described data serving nodes simultaneously by described switch, and described client is set up session by described switch and described data serving node after receiving the link information of described data serving node.
Preferably, described system also comprises a plurality of data memory modules, and described data memory module connects described data serving node, is used to store the tables of data that described data serving node comprises.
The present invention also provides a kind of described nothing to share the implementation method of the distributed data base system of framework, and it comprises step:
A: when the request of data of client transmission comprises the SQL statement of setting up table space, acting server is broadcasted the described SQL statement of setting up table space in comprising the network of a plurality of data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the described SQL statement of setting up table space, according to the address information of the described data serving node of appointment wherein, set up table space and upgrade the data dictionary module, perhaps only upgrade described data dictionary module;
B: when the request of data of described client transmission comprises the SQL statement of setting up tables of data, described acting server is broadcasted the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data in comprising the network of a plurality of described data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data, according to table subregion and table space information wherein, set up tables of data and upgrade described data dictionary module, perhaps just upgrade described data dictionary module;
C: when the request of data that sends when described client comprises the SQL statement of the write operation of data table, described acting server is broadcasted the SQL statement of described write operation in comprising the network of a plurality of described data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the SQL statement of described write operation, according to tables of data and table subregion wherein, return error message, perhaps do not respond described request of data, perhaps carry out write operation and return the write operation result;
D: when the request of data that sends when described client comprises the SQL statement of the read operation of data table, described acting server returns to the link information of a data service node of described client, according to described link information, described client and described data serving node send described request of data to described data serving node after setting up session; Perhaps, described acting server is transmitted to a data service node with described request of data; The data serving node that receives request of data according to the SQL statement of described read operation, is carried out inquiry as the mandatory administration node, and Query Result is returned to described client.
Preferably, described method also comprises step:
E: when the data serving node in the distributed data base system of adding the shared framework of described nothing, by the configuration file of revising described acting server the link information of newly-increased data serving node is set, and finishes the operation of the described data serving node of interpolation by described acting server.
Preferably, described acting server is finished the operation of adding described data serving node and specifically be may further comprise the steps:
S1: described acting server obtains described nothing by the data dictionary module and shares all data serving nodes and the loading condition of showing subregion in the distributed data base system of framework, selects overload data serving node and overload table subregion;
S2: the data in the described overload table subregion are derived, and the data that all data serving nodes in the distributed data base system of the shared framework of described nothing are total derive, and two parts are constituted data source to be imported by derived data;
S3: set up at least two new table subregions according to the rule of described overload table subregion, described new table subregion is distributed on described overload data serving node and the described newly-increased data serving node, described data source to be imported is imported in the described new table subregion, upgrade described data dictionary module.
Preferably, among the described step C, the treatment step that described data serving node receives after the SQL statement of described write operation is as follows:
If described data serving node can not find described tables of data or table subregion in the data dictionary module, described data serving node returns error message;
If described data serving node can find described tables of data in the data dictionary module, still described table subregion is not on described data serving node, and described data serving node does not respond described request of data;
If described data serving node can find described tables of data and described table subregion in the data dictionary module on described data serving node, described data serving node is carried out write operation and is returned the write operation result.
Preferably, among the described step D, described mandatory administration node is carried out inquiry according to the SQL statement of described read operation, and Query Result is returned to described client, specifically comprises step:
P1: resolve the SQL statement of described read operation, obtain tables of data to be checked, obtain the address of the table subregion that described tables of data to be checked comprises by the data dictionary module;
P2: dwindle Query Result set according to the SQL statement of described read operation, and the query requests of the SQL statement of the described read operation of correspondence is decomposed into a plurality of subqueries that can concurrent execution;
P3: the address of the table subregion that comprises according to described tables of data to be checked, assess the network overhead when data shift in the described table subregion, according to assessment result described subquery is sent on the suitable data service node;
P4: described suitable data service node is carried out described subquery respectively, and the subquery result is sent to described mandatory administration node;
P5: described mandatory administration node receives described subquery result, returns to described client after according to the SQL statement of described read operation described subquery result being integrated.
(3) beneficial effect
Nothing of the present invention is shared distributed data base system and its implementation of framework, to be transferred on the data serving node from acting server the work of data processing of request, proxy server functions is simplified, alleviated its bottleneck restriction the entire database system.Simultaneously, for query requests, arbitrary data serving node all can be used as the mandatory administration node and is in charge of work of treatment to described query requests, has improved search efficiency.And, by adopting database, saved storage space based on the row storage, improved processing speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing that traditional nothing is shared the distributed data base system of framework;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing that the described nothing of the embodiment of the invention is shared the distributed data base system of framework.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing that the described nothing of the embodiment of the invention is shared the distributed data base system of framework.As shown in Figure 2, described Database Systems comprise: client layer, Agent layer and response layer.
Described client layer comprises client, described client connects the acting server in the described Agent layer, be used for sending request of data to described acting server, perhaps be used to receive the link information of described data serving node, and send described request of data to described data serving node after setting up session according to described link information and described data serving node.
Described Agent layer comprises described acting server, described acting server connects described data serving node, be used for described request of data is transmitted to the data serving node of described response layer, perhaps, be used for sending the link information of described data serving node to described client; Described Agent layer also comprises: connect the data dictionary module and the backup server of described acting server, and the data dictionary module that connects described backup server.Described backup server is used in time replacing described acting server when described acting server breaks down, and avoids described Database Systems collapse.
Described response layer comprises: a plurality of described data serving nodes, switch, the data dictionary module and the data memory module that are connected with described data serving node.Described acting server connects a plurality of described data serving nodes simultaneously by described switch, after the described link information that obtains described acting server transmission, described client can be set up session connection with corresponding described data serving node by described switch, then described request of data is directly sent to described data serving node.Described data memory module is used for by being listed as the tables of data that the storage data serving node that it connected comprises.Described data serving node is used to receive described request of data, to (the Structured Query Language of the SQL in the described request of data, Structured Query Language (SQL)) after the statement optimization process, carry out corresponding database operation, and the operating result arrangement is gathered the back by described acting server or directly return to described client.
All data dictionary modules that comprise in the described system are all stored identical information, described identical information comprises: the address of the address of described data serving node in network, tables of data that described data serving node comprises, and the address of the table subregion that comprises of described tables of data.
A kind of described nothing is shared the distributed data base system implementation method of framework, and it comprises step:
A: when the request of data of client transmission comprises the SQL statement of setting up table space, acting server is broadcasted the described SQL statement of setting up table space in comprising the network of a plurality of data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the described SQL statement of setting up table space.Generally can specify the address of a data service node in the described SQL statement of setting up table space at least, all will set up described table space if omit then be illustrated on all data serving nodes.When a plurality of data serving nodes were designated, except that first data serving node, remaining data serving node can be used as the data redundancy node, caused loss of data to prevent individual data service node chance failure.The data serving node of appointment can be set up table space and upgrade the data dictionary module in the described SQL statement of setting up table space, and unspecified data serving node only upgrades described data dictionary module.
B: when the request of data of described client transmission comprises the SQL statement of setting up tables of data, described acting server is broadcasted the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data in comprising the network of a plurality of described data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data.The described SQL statement of setting up tables of data generally comprises table subregion and its table space information that is subordinate to of tables of data yet to be built, if described tables of data yet to be built is not shown the yet not designated table space that it is subordinate to of subregion, then all data serving nodes are all finished the operation of setting up described tables of data yet to be built in the default table space that it comprised after receiving the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data.For the table yet to be built that has the table subregion, the capital indicates its table space that is subordinate to, data serving node judges whether it comprises described table space after receiving the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data, if comprise, execution is built table handling and is upgraded described data dictionary module, otherwise, only upgrade described data dictionary module.
C: when the request of data that sends when client comprised the SQL statement of the write operation of data table, acting server was broadcasted the SQL statement of described write operation in comprising the network of a plurality of data serving nodes.The general table subregion that tables of data and described tables of data comprised of specifying pending write operation of the SQL statement of described write operation.Described data serving node receives the SQL statement of described write operation, and handles according to following steps:
If described data serving node can not find described tables of data or described table subregion in described data dictionary module, described data serving node returns error message;
If described data serving node can find described tables of data in described data dictionary module, still described table subregion is not on described data serving node, and described data serving node does not respond described request of data;
If described data serving node can find described tables of data and described table subregion in described data dictionary module on described data serving node, described data serving node is carried out write operation and is returned the write operation result.
D: when the request of data that sends when described client comprises the SQL statement of the read operation of data table, the link information of data serving node as described in one of the client as described in described acting server sends to according to default rule (as poll, response time etc.), according to described link information, described client and described data serving node are directly set up session, and directly send described request of data to described data serving node; Perhaps, described acting server is transmitted to described data serving node with described request of data, and described data serving node is carried out inquiry according to the SQL statement of described read operation, and Query Result is returned to described client as the mandatory administration node.
The key that data serving node is carried out the read operation of tables of data is query statement optimization, connects the situation of inquiring about at multilist, pushes away querying condition and conversion annexation under optimized Measures comprises.Push away querying condition down and mainly be that the querying condition in the WHERE clause (a kind of condition query statement in the sql like language) is directly associated with base table, make the scope that before doing attended operation, just can dwindle result set, thus the efficient that raising is inquired about.For distributed data base system, a plurality of table subregions of a plurality of tables of data are dispersed on the interior different pieces of information service node of network, can be converted to the full connection of respectively showing between the subregion when connecting between tables of data, be optimized for semi-connected operations then, according to the overhead assessment of implementation strategy, generate final executive plan.
Described mandatory administration node is carried out inquiry according to the SQL statement of described read operation, and Query Result is returned to described client, specifically comprises step:
P1: resolve the SQL statement of described read operation, obtain tables of data to be checked, obtain the address of the table subregion that described tables of data to be checked comprises by the data dictionary module.
P2: the SQL statement according to described read operation is dwindled the Query Result set by pushing away or remove useless partitioned mode under the querying condition, and according to described Database Systems to the characteristic of tables of data by row storages, with the query requests equivalence of the SQL statement of the described read operation of correspondence be decomposed into a plurality of at the different table subregion can concurrent execution subquery.
P3: the address of the table subregion that comprises according to described tables of data to be checked, assess the network overhead when data shift in the described table subregion, according to assessment result described subquery is sent on the suitable data service node.
P4: after described suitable data service node is received described subquery, judge that earlier the table subregion of doing connection is whether all on the local data service node, if the table subregion at the local data service node is arranged not, then from data dictionary, inquire about the address of described table subregion, and connect at data serving node with described table section post and to obtain data, finish described subquery operation then.If there is not the attended operation of a plurality of table subregions in the described subquery, then can directly finish described subquery operation at the local data service node.After described subquery operation was finished, described suitable data service node returned to the mandatory administration node with Query Result.
P5: described mandatory administration node is after receiving the result of all described subqueries, can carry out more integration work according to the requirement of original described query requests, such as Group by (packet command in the sql like language) and Order (the ordering order in the sql like language) operation, and net result directly returned to described client, perhaps return to described acting server earlier, described acting server returns to described client with net result.
E: when the data serving node in the distributed data base system of adding the shared framework of described nothing, by the configuration file of revising described acting server the link information of newly-increased data serving node is set, and finishes the operation of the described data serving node of interpolation by described acting server.
Described acting server is finished the operation of adding described data serving node and specifically be may further comprise the steps:
S1: described acting server obtains described nothing by the data dictionary module and shares all described data serving nodes and the loading condition of showing subregion in the distributed data base system of framework, selects overload data serving node and overload table subregion;
S2: the data in the described overload table subregion are derived, and the data that all data serving nodes in the distributed data base system of the shared framework of described nothing are total derive.Above-mentioned two parts derived data constitutes data source to be imported.
S3: set up at least two new table subregions according to the rule of described overload table subregion, described new table subregion is distributed on described overload data serving node and the described newly-increased data serving node, described data source to be imported is imported in the described new table subregion, upgrade described data dictionary module.
Need to prove that carry out synchronously in more new capital of all data dictionary modules in the described Database Systems, to guarantee that canned data is consistent constantly in all data dictionary modules.
The described nothing of the embodiment of the invention is shared distributed data base system and its implementation of framework, to be transferred on the data serving node from acting server the work of data processing of request, proxy server functions is simplified, alleviated its bottleneck restriction the entire database system.Simultaneously, for query requests, arbitrary data serving node all can be used as the mandatory administration node and is in charge of work of treatment to described query requests, has improved search efficiency.And, by adopting database, saved storage space based on the row storage, improved processing speed.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is not had the distributed data base system of sharing framework, it is characterized in that, comprising: client, acting server and a plurality of data serving node;
Described client, connect described acting server, be used for sending request of data to described acting server, perhaps be used to receive the link information of described data serving node, and send described request of data to described data serving node after setting up session according to described link information and described data serving node;
Described acting server connects described data serving node, is used for described request of data is transmitted to described data serving node, perhaps sends the link information of described data serving node to described client;
Described data serving node is used to receive described request of data, after the SQL statement optimization process in the described request of data, carries out corresponding database operation, and returns to described client after the operating result arrangement gathered.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described system also comprises the data dictionary module of a plurality of storage identical information; Described acting server is connected a described data dictionary module respectively with data serving node, described data dictionary module is used for storing the address of the tables of data that described data serving node comprises at the address of network, described data serving node, and the address of the table subregion that comprises of described tables of data.
3. system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described system also comprises backup server, and the described data dictionary module that is connected with described backup server; Described backup server also connects described acting server, is used for replacing when described acting server breaks down described acting server.
4. the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described system also comprises switch, described acting server connects a plurality of described data serving nodes simultaneously by described switch, and described client is set up session by described switch and described data serving node after receiving the link information of described data serving node.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described system also comprises a plurality of data memory modules, and described data memory module connects described data serving node, is used to store the tables of data that described data serving node comprises.
6. the implementation method as the distributed data base system of the shared framework of the described nothing of one of claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that, comprises step:
A: when the request of data of client transmission comprises the SQL statement of setting up table space, acting server is broadcasted the described SQL statement of setting up table space in comprising the network of a plurality of data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the described SQL statement of setting up table space, according to the address information of the described data serving node of appointment wherein, set up table space and upgrade the data dictionary module, perhaps only upgrade described data dictionary module;
B: when the request of data of described client transmission comprises the SQL statement of setting up tables of data, described acting server is broadcasted the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data in comprising the network of a plurality of described data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the described SQL statement of setting up tables of data, according to table subregion and table space information wherein, set up tables of data and upgrade described data dictionary module, perhaps just upgrade described data dictionary module;
C: when the request of data that sends when described client comprises the SQL statement of the write operation of data table, described acting server is broadcasted the SQL statement of described write operation in comprising the network of a plurality of described data serving nodes, described data serving node receives the SQL statement of described write operation, according to tables of data and table subregion wherein, return error message, perhaps do not respond described request of data, perhaps carry out write operation and return the write operation result;
D: when the request of data that sends when described client comprises the SQL statement of the read operation of data table, described acting server returns to the link information of a data service node of described client, according to described link information, described client and described data serving node send described request of data to described data serving node after setting up session; Perhaps, described acting server is transmitted to a data service node with described request of data; The data serving node that receives request of data according to the SQL statement of described read operation, is carried out inquiry as the mandatory administration node, and Query Result is returned to described client.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises step:
E: when the data serving node in the distributed data base system of adding the shared framework of described nothing, by the configuration file of revising described acting server the link information of newly-increased data serving node is set, and finishes the operation of the described data serving node of interpolation by described acting server.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described acting server is finished the operation of adding described data serving node and specifically be may further comprise the steps:
S1: described acting server obtains described nothing by the data dictionary module and shares all data serving nodes and the loading condition of showing subregion in the distributed data base system of framework, selects overload data serving node and overload table subregion;
S2: the data in the described overload table subregion are derived, and the data that all data serving nodes in the distributed data base system of the shared framework of described nothing are total derive, and two parts are constituted data source to be imported by derived data;
S3: set up at least two new table subregions according to the rule of described overload table subregion, described new table subregion is distributed on described overload data serving node and the described newly-increased data serving node, described data source to be imported is imported in the described new table subregion, upgrade described data dictionary module.
9. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, among the described step C, the treatment step that described data serving node receives after the SQL statement of described write operation is as follows:
If described data serving node can not find described tables of data or table subregion in the data dictionary module, described data serving node returns error message;
If described data serving node can find described tables of data in the data dictionary module, still described table subregion is not on described data serving node, and described data serving node does not respond described request of data;
If described data serving node can find described tables of data and described table subregion in the data dictionary module on described data serving node, described data serving node is carried out write operation and is returned the write operation result.
10. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, among the described step D, described mandatory administration node is carried out inquiry according to the SQL statement of described read operation, and Query Result is returned to described client, specifically comprises step:
P1: resolve the SQL statement of described read operation, obtain tables of data to be checked, obtain the address of the table subregion that described tables of data to be checked comprises by the data dictionary module;
P2: dwindle Query Result set according to the SQL statement of described read operation, and the query requests of the SQL statement of the described read operation of correspondence is decomposed into a plurality of subqueries that can concurrent execution;
P3: the address of the table subregion that comprises according to described tables of data to be checked, assess the network overhead when data shift in the described table subregion, according to assessment result described subquery is sent on the suitable data service node;
P4: described suitable data service node is carried out described subquery respectively, and the subquery result is sent to described mandatory administration node;
P5: described mandatory administration node receives described subquery result, returns to described client after according to the SQL statement of described read operation described subquery result being integrated.
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