CN102195857A - Network topology structure and node information gathering method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a network topology structure and a node information gathering method, which are applied to a network topology structure in industrial Ethernet equipment and accurate search of network information. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: presetting interface information and an interface index of neighboring node state information in an exchange equipment host computer; receiving a neighbor finding report by using a network management terminal; determining the linking relation between ports according to the port linking state of the neighbor finding report and neighboring node information by using a network equipment node; and establishing a network topological diagram according to the port linking relation by using the network management terminal to perform corresponding network management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of computer network administration, in particular, relate to the nodal information of the extensive real-time monitoring network management system in gathering method, the especially Industrial Ethernet of a kind of ethernet switch network topological structure and nodal information and the accurate searching method of network topology structure.
Background technology
Discovering network topology mechanism can be found device node and the topological structure in the network in the network management system, comprises all node elements in the network, also has the information search function simultaneously concurrently, for example collect the meshed network device port ID that is found, linking status, running status, MAC Address etc.As the basis of network management system functional development, the purpose of discovering network topology provides network operation view, is the configuration management in the network management, the important means of fault management; The purpose of network node information search is real-time monitor network node running status, obtains management information, and fault location etc. are very necessary to the whole network of configuring maintenance.
Discovering network topology and nodal information gathering method commonly used at present have: based on SNMP (Simple Network ManagementProtocol, Simple Network Management Protocol) method for discovering network topology, based on ICMP (Internet Control MessageProtocol, internet control message protocol) method for discovering network topology and based on DNS (Domain Name System, domain name system), ARP (Address Resolution Protocol, address resolution protocol), RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RIP), discovering network topology and the information search method of OSPF (Open Shortest Path First, ospf) etc.
Though have multiple about network topology structure and nodal information gathering method, node is found also to have nothing in common with each other with the information search methods, but there is such problem mostly: general node discovery technique, can only find relevant node device, can not segment the annexation between the equipment, can not be clearly more inward the office terminal realize topology diagram clearly.In addition, constitute each internodal a plurality of links of network owing to exist, so break away from the fault that node takes place or node under the situation of this network etc., to repeatedly be used for upgrading the message of network topology link configuration information between the neighbor node, thus, network load increases, and the network topology of upgrading each intranodal constitutes wants spended time.In addition, initiate node is difficult to grasp at once each the internodal position relation in the network of being participated in, and will spend system resource for obtaining about constituting this network topology configuration information.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the occupation rate that overcomes existing network topological structure and nodal information gathering method CPU and Internet resources higher, the collection efficient of network node information is lower, the weak point of specific implementation difficulty etc., and a kind of new network topology structure and the nodal information gathering method that propose.Use this method can survey whole Ethernet automatically, find the annexation between network node and the node, carry out topological line, and collect the important information of node automatically.
This method is to adopt the breadth First algorithm to determine the network topology relation by BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit, bridge protocol data unit) data pack protocol, collects relevant information.Specifically be that the minimum router IP that obtains with this machine or broadcasting is kind of a child node,, this network segment carried out expansion formula successively find, according to the routing device of finding, can also search adjacent subnet address simultaneously according to seed node IP and subnet mask.Can any general purpose I P equipment in the Ethernet be managed, and limitation management number of nodes not; Automatically find the network equipment, draw network topology structure figure automatically, comprise VLAN view and subnet view.Gather fault message in real time: when the generation of faults such as equipment, link, port, system can collect fault message and alarm in back 0.3mS takes place fault.Fault warning has higher reliability, and rate of false alarm and rate of failing to report are lower than 0.001%.When event of failure content and rank changed, corresponding fault record can be adjusted automatically to reflect its change procedure, need not increase extra record.
Specifically comprise following step:
(1) to specify the network segment as ferret out, all IP addresses send the hello packet of predetermined number of times in the network segment, await a response within a certain period of time, if obtain responding, prove that node exists, and is stored in it in network management terminal database.The hello packet that can not get responding will remove all information of the IP node of this message correspondence in database.
(2) the IP node in the network management terminal database sends query message, if meet with a response, prove that it is the network equipment, relatively obtains device type according to return value and device type database, if do not meet with a response, the node device type is set to miscellaneous equipment.
(3) select minimum routing IP for kind of a child node in the network management terminal database, according to device type, the matching unit types of database is created node icon at the topological diagram display interface, and add topological mark in database.
(4) be root with kind of child node, the miscellaneous equipment in database sends the message of inquiry neighborhood, obtains neighborhood, and the neighbor device node that inquires joined interim topological formation, create network node at topological panel, appliance icon, and set up topological relation.
(5) with adding the matched of opening up mark in neighbor device in the interim topological formation and the database, open up mark, then delete this neighbor device node if having; If do not opening up in the database, it is joined wait to open up in the formation.
(6) open up the formation from band successively and take out neighbor device, and it is transferred to opens up in the database, and carry out (4) (5) two steps, in interim topological formation, do not have neighbor device as kind of a child node.
(7) interim topological formation is empty, and the node in the database has added that all topology is finished when having opened up mark.
In the described method, network management terminal at first in the network segment all IP addresses send the hello packet of specifying this, according to whether obtaining responding to determine whether node exists, thereby finish node searching, as initial topology kind child node.
In the described method, from treat topological formation, select minimum IP address node, determine neighborhood, set up basic topological relation figure by the hello packet of analyzing this kind child node as kind of a child node.
In the described method, constantly search for and circulate, draw until finishing all node searchings and whole network topology.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) is not subjected to the restriction of network physical topological structure
This topological structure is applicable to Star Network with the nodal information gathering method, but also can be applicable to net type and ring network with RSTP (Rapid Spanning TreeProtocol, RSTP) cooperation.Promptly, reach the effect of individual node single channel, net type and ring network are become the Star Network that this method is suitable for, as shown in Figure 1, and then collect nodal information, carry out topological analysis and network management earlier by the loop in the selectable blocking network of RSTP agreement.
(2) gather fault message in real time
When certain bar link in the network changed or produces fault, node device sent the trap message from the trend management system at once, reports new port information, and management system is upgraded topological diagram by new port status, continued to wait for the trap message then.As shown in Figure 2, this trap bag transmission incident triggers with interrupt mode, and is reliable in real time.Reached the real-time of network monitoring by the real-time of trap message.
(3) the network node information search is specific to port
Network node information specific to port can generate significantly network topological diagram directly perceived, and helps determining fast network failure, improves the failure diagnosis rate.
The invention provides a kind of simple, fast and efficient topology sets up and the information search method.Only need to specify the network segment to survey automatically, find the linking relationship between node and the node automatically, and carry out topological line whole network.Provide a kind of efficient, flexibly, directly perceived, network topology management mode that accuracy is high.
Description of drawings
It is Star Network that Fig. 1 looped network blocks
Fig. 2 trap message real-time report
Fig. 3 hello packet form
Fig. 4 is to the handling process of hello packet
Fig. 5 topology generates and information search
The neighbor table data structure of safeguarding in Fig. 6 network node
Fig. 7 topological diagram example
Specific embodiments
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
(1) adopts poll (polling) and interruption (interrupt) two kinds of methods gather data from managed devices.Lack real-time based on the information search method of poll, and poll too frequently understands the emphasis network burden, this programme is designed to per ten minutes promptly to all nodes in the network by IP order refreshing information from small to large once.When anomalous event takes place, based on the method for interrupting informing network management work station (suppose the also not collapse of this equipment here, and between managed devices and management work station, still have an available avenues of communication) immediately.Agency in the managed devices (Agent) can be at any time to network management workstation reporting errors situation, for example the state of port itself and with the linking status of other network node etc.The agency does not need to wait to management work station and just can report time him for obtaining these error situation polls.These error situations are exactly self-trapping (trap) message bag in the NMP.Reporting mechanism based on the initiative information of trap is the main mode that this programme adopts.
(2) node in the network sends hello packet to (node of the appointment on the same network segment of radio network or PPP or the NBMA) that physically can reach all nodes, also receives the hello packet that they send simultaneously; Like this, can confirm which equipment links to each other, this linking to each other, determine the relation of the Neighbor between them.The hello packet form as shown in Figure 3.
Main field is explained as follows:
Network mask: send the mask of the interface place network of hello packet, if the netmask difference of adjacent two routers then can not be set up neighborhood.
Hello Interval: the time interval that sends hello packet.If the hello interval asynchronism(-nization) of adjacent two routers then can not be set up neighborhood.
Designated router: the IP address of the interface of Designated Router.
To the handling process of hello packet as shown in Figure 4.Hello packet information (connection status transmission message) is only transmitted between the router that forms syntople.At first, send out DD (database description) neighbours' message, the neighbor table information that the other side of announcement oneself is had between them mutually.After receiving the Data Description (DD) packet of neighbor information, the database that compares oneself, the data that oneself need are arranged in discovery the other side's the database, then send connection status request (Link State Request) message to the other side, request the other side gives and oneself sends data, and the data that receive are added in the corresponding neighbor entry.
(3) produce wrong or the self-trapping system resource that needs.If self-trappingly must transmit a large amount of information, managed devices may have to consume more time and system resource and produces self-trappingly so, carries out main function thereby influenced it.The trap message transmission algorithm that this programme adopts only sends trap message to the designated port that is in linking status, and its specific implementation process is as follows:
(4) the neighbor table data structure of safeguarding in the network node as shown in Figure 6.Neighbor table is set up an index point to each PORT COM of switch, can find this interface link corresponding information, port information and neighbor information by this port index.Can index the relevant information of neighbor node: CMAC (neighbor switch MAC) again by neighbor information, CIP (neighbours IP), CDT (neighbor switch type) etc.
(5) present networks topological structure and nodal information collection method generate topological example as shown in Figure 7, and specific implementation process coded representation is as follows:
int?main(void)
{
int?pid，fd，i；
struct?sigaction?linkupdate；
char*rstp_enable＝nvram_safe_get(″rstp_enable″)；
if(*rstp_enable＝＝’1’)
{
free(rstp_enable)；
return?0；
}
free(rstp_enable)；
// determine that the rapid spanning-tree function is activated, looped network is disengaged
linkupdate.sa_handler＝(void*)DoHelloLinkUpdate；
sigemptyset(&linkupdate.sa_mask)；
linkupdate.sa_flags＝0；
for(i＝0；i＜45；i++)
{
if((fd＝open(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME，O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_TRUNC，
S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR))＜0)
{
hello_message(″Error:Can’t?open?hello?file！Please?try
again.″)；//maybe?exist
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
sleep(1)；
continue；
}
close(fd)；
// open the neighbor table file
if((spi_fd＝open(DEVICE_FILE_NAME，0))＜0)
{
hello_message(″Error:Can’t?Open?SPI?Socket！″)；
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
continue；
}
// open the SPI driving interface
if(InitNeighborFile()＜0)
{
hello_message(″Error:Can’t?init?hello?file！″)；
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
close(spi_fd)；
sleep(1)；
continue；
}
// initialization neighbor table file
if((hello_socket＝socket(AF_INET，SOCK_PACKET，htons(HELLO_PROTOCOL)))
＜0)
{
hello_message(″Error:Can’t?Open?Hello?Socket！″)；
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
close(spi_fd)；
sleep(1)；
continue；
}
// open hello packet socket
if(GetHelloMACandIPAddress()＜0)
{
hello_message(″Error:Can’t?get?mac?address！″)；
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
close(spi_fd)；
close(hello_socket)；
sleep(1)；
continue；
}
else
break；
}
// obtain local mac and IP address, put into hello packet
signal(SIGALRM，(void*)DoHelloTick)；
sigaction(SIGUSR2，&linkupdate，0)；
if((pid＝fork())＜0)
{
hello_message(″Program?fork?fail！\n″)；
close(hello_socket)；
close(spi_fd)；
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
exit(-1)；
}
else?if(pid！＝0)//parent
{
exit(0)；
}else //child
{
alarm(HELLO_INTALTIMER)；
recv_hello_packet(hello_socket)；
close(hello_socket)；
close(spi_fd)；
unlink(NEIGHBOR_FILE_NAME)；
}
Process is intercepted in // establishment
return?0；
}
The above only is implementation procedure of the present invention and method example, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being made with spirit of the present invention and essence, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the topological structure of a network equipment and nodal information gathering method is characterized in that:
A) interface index of default its interface message and neighbor node state information in the switching equipment main frame.
B) network management terminal receives neighbours and finds message.
C) network equipment node finds that according to neighbours the port link state of message and information of neighbor nodes determine the linking relationship between the port.
D) neighbor device that inquires is joined interim topological formation, create network node successively at topological panel, appliance icon, and set up topological relation.
E) successively from interim topological formation, take out neighbor device as kind of a child node, it is transferred to open up in the database, and carry out b, c, the d step does not have neighbor device in interim topological formation.
F) network management terminal carries out corresponding network management according to the network topological diagram of port link relation foundation.
2. topological structure as claimed in claim 1 and nodal information gathering method is characterized in that, nodal information default in the step a) comprises: PID (port id), LK (linking status), PS (port status), MN (information number).Wherein the neighbor information that each bar is complete comprises: CMAC (neighbor switch MAC), CIP (neighbours IP), three elements of CDT (neighbor switch type).The bar number of neighbor information is determined by the numeral of MN.
3. topological structure as claimed in claim 1 and nodal information gathering method, it is characterized in that, network management terminal is set up TCP with each telephone net node and is linked in the step b) when the user login management system, if have loop in the network, then exchange the BPDU message and block redundant link, set up the tree network topological structure, then neighbor table information is sent to the office terminal with the TCP message mode.
4. topological structure as claimed in claim 1 and nodal information gathering method, it is characterized in that, the neighbor table information that basis receives in the step c), the IP minimum node is a root node in the selected network, find the source IP address of message and the neighbor state of purpose IP address and their difference correspondences according to neighbours, received neighbours are found that message carries out neighbours and finds to handle.Determine annexation between the node according to the port connection status in the neighbor table information and its downlink port IP information.
5. topological structure as claimed in claim 1 and nodal information gathering method is characterized in that, according to the neighbor device that searches, set up interim topological formation in the step d), set up interim node and have opened up topological relation between the node at topological panel.
6. topological structure as claimed in claim 1 and nodal information gathering method, it is characterized in that, from interim topological formation, take out the kind child node of node in the step e) as web search, receive neighbours' message, the neighbor device that inquires is added interim topological formation, set up the topological relation with known node, and be saved in and open up in the database.Repeat above operation, till interim topological queuing message is sky.
7. topological structure as claimed in claim 1 and nodal information gathering method is characterized in that, according to the annexation between the node, set up the network topological diagram that is accurate to port in the step f).If network topological diagram changes again after setting up, then the respective links in the topological diagram can be in the flicker alarm condition.
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