CN102158348A - Network topology discovery method, device and network equipment - Google Patents
Network topology discovery method, device and network equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a network topology discovery method, a network topology discovery device and network equipment. The method comprises the following step of: in a process of performing automatic equipment discovery according to a routing table, establishing a logical link and a first physical link between the network equipment in a network according to a next-hop Internet protocol (IP) address in the routing table to form a first topology structure of the network. The device comprises a first discovery module and a first forming module, wherein the first discovery module is used for performing the automatic equipment discovery according to the routing table; and the first forming module is used for establishing the logical link and the first physical ink between the network equipment in the network according to the next-hop IP address in the routing table to form the first topology structure of the network in the process of performing the automatic equipment discovery according to the routing table by the first discovery module. By the technical scheme provided by the invention, the network topology discovery problem that network topology cannot be accurately displayed only by a physical link is solved, and the network topology discovery efficiency and performance are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the network management technology of data communication network, relate in particular to a kind of method for discovering network topology, device and the network equipment.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of computer networking technology and complicated day by day, network topology becomes increasingly complex, and is also more and more higher to the requirement of network management.In network, some servers have carried key business, and for example the savings system of banking system, various office systems etc. in case the link of these servers can't be communicated with, will cause serious consequence.In addition, because network is complicated, network is very easily paralysed because of equipment such as personal computer are under attack.Given this, network management no longer is confined to find and manage the network equipment of local inside, also require the equipment such as various servers, personal computer, printer in the network of finding simultaneously, and the operation conditions of various device monitored and management etc., so that the operation that network can be sane and safe.
In the prior art, network device manufacturers is come network interconnection topology between the recording equipment according to it at the proprietary protocol of realizing on the network equipment usually.In addition, also there is media interviews control (the Media Access Control based on switch in prior art; Abbreviate as: MAC) addresses forwarding table or address resolution protocol (Address Resolution Protocol; Abbreviate as: ARP) table carries out the method for physical layer network Topology Discovery.Prior art also exists based on switch Spanning-Tree Protocol (SpanningTree Protocol; Abbreviate as: STP) carry out the method for physical network topology discovery in the subnet, and based on Link Layer Discovery Protocol (Link Layer Discovery Protocol; Abbreviate as: the method for LLDP) finding network topology from link layer.
Prior art is only found the physical link of subnet Intranet network equipment room, forms physical topology and connects, but at use and management network segment Internet protocol (Internet Protocol; Abbreviate as: IP) address network that different sub-network is managed, or exist in the network of wide area optical fiber private network, only be not enough to reflect the topology of whole network, and existing scheme can't reflect truly that also the physical link of above-mentioned network connects by the connection of obtaining physical link.Therefore, in the face of complicated day by day network topology structure is badly in need of a kind of method for discovering network topology reflecting whole network topology correctly, truly, thereby be convenient to network is managed.In addition, existing network Topology Discovery scheme is relatively independent, and it finds that efficient is lower.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for discovering network topology, device and the network equipment, find, reflect whole network topology correctly, really, and improve the efficient of discovering network topology in order to topological structure to complex network.
The invention provides a kind of method for discovering network topology, comprising:
Carrying out according to routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, according to the next-hop ip address in the described routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, to form first topological structure of described network.
The invention provides a kind of discovering network topology device, comprising:
First finds module, is used for carrying out automatic device discovery according to routing table;
First forms module, be used for carrying out according to routing table the process of automatic device discovery in the described first discovery module, according to the next-hop ip address in the described routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, to form first topological structure of described network.
The invention provides a kind of network equipment, comprise arbitrary discovering network topology device provided by the invention.
Method for discovering network topology provided by the invention, device and the network equipment, carrying out based on routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, according to the network equipment in the next-hop ip address traverses network in the routing table, and set up logical links and physical link between the network equipment, form topology of networks.The formed topological structure of technical solution of the present invention has comprised logical links and physical link simultaneously, can more comprehensively present network topology, has solved the network of network Topology Discovery problem that only can't correctly present network topology with physical link; In addition, technical solution of the present invention combines discovering network topology with the automatic device discovery process, has improved the efficient and the performance of discovering network topology greatly.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do one to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below introduces simply, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
The flow chart of the method for discovering network topology that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention one;
The flow chart of the method for discovering network topology that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention two;
The flow chart of the method for discovering network topology that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention three;
A kind of schematic network structure that Fig. 4 A provides for the embodiment of the invention three;
Fig. 4 B is a kind of topological structure schematic diagram of subnetwork among Fig. 4 A of finding of the embodiment of the invention three;
Fig. 4 C is the another kind of topological structure schematic diagram of subnetwork among Fig. 4 A of finding of the embodiment of the invention three;
The structural representation of the discovering network topology device that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention four;
The structural representation of the discovering network topology device that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the invention five;
The structural representation of the discovering network topology device that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the invention six.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
The flow chart of the method for discovering network topology that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention one.As shown in Figure 1, the method for present embodiment comprises:
Step 12, carrying out according to routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, according to the next-hop ip address in the routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, to form first topological structure of network.
Wherein, the structure of routing table is as shown in table 1, mainly comprises: routing table destination address (ipRouteDest), routing interface number (ipRouteIflndex), next-hop ip address (ipRouteNextHop), route-type (ipRouteType).
Table 1
| ipRouteDest | ipRouteIflndex | ipRouteNextHop | ipRouteType |
| 192.168.180.0 | 12 | 192.168.197.1 | Indirect |
Concrete, network management device (mainly being meant the network management software that moves on the network management device) carries out automatic device discovery according to routing table.This automatic device discovery process is: network management device selected network equipment from network adds the IP address of this network equipment in the list of devices to as starting point; Then, network management device obtains the routing table of this network equipment, obtains the network equipment (being designated hereinafter simply as next-hop network equipment) of next-hop ip address correspondence according to the next-hop ip address in this routing table; Then, network management device goes to obtain the routing table of next-hop network equipment again; Wherein, if network management device gets access to the routing table of next-hop network equipment, illustrate that this next-hop network equipment can reach, IP address with this next-hop network equipment, that is the next-hop ip address in the routing table of the network equipment, add in the list of devices, to show this next-hop network equipment of having found; If network management device fails to get access to the routing table of next-hop network equipment, illustrate that this next-hop network equipment is unreachable, withdraw from this layer recurrence; Network management device is by the next-hop ip address of each routing table of traversal, and carry out recurrence successively according to next-hop ip address, till next-hop ip address can't arrive (being called for short unreachable) or next-hop ip address and existed in the list of devices, so far network management device carried out the EO of automatic device discovery according to routing table.
In the present embodiment, when network management device when finding next-hop network equipment according to the next-hop ip address of the network equipment, set up annexation between the network equipment and the next-hop network equipment according to next-hop ip address in the routing table.Wherein, if a network equipment sends network message by an interface, network message finally can arrive another network equipment, has a logical links so between this network equipment and another network equipment; Wherein, in esse physical link can be considered as a kind of special circumstances of logical links.Based on this, when network management device is found next-hop network equipment according to the next-hop ip address of the network equipment, just can determine to exist between the network equipment and the next-hop network equipment logical links.
Further, in order more clearly to describe network topology, network management device is when finding to have logical links between the network equipment and the next-hop network equipment, judge whether the next-hop ip address in the routing table of next-hop network equipment is identical with the IP address of the network equipment, judges promptly whether current network equipment is the next-hop network equipment of next-hop network equipment; If judged result be identical or, and according to the IP address of the network equipment and the IP address of next-hop network equipment, judge the network equipment and next-hop network equipment when the same network segment, then determine to exist between the network equipment and the next-hop network equipment physical link (i.e. first physical link); Otherwise, illustrate between the network equipment and the next-hop network equipment not have physical link.
When network management device is found all-network equipment, also just set up the logical links and first physical link that exist between the all-network equipment, thus, constitute whole topology of networks, i.e. first topological structure.Wherein, all logical links constitute the logical topology structure of network, and all first physical links constitute the physical topological structure of network.
The method for discovering network topology of present embodiment, network management device is carrying out according to routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, set up logical links and physical link between the network equipment according to next-hop ip address in the routing table, when the automatic device discovery process finishes, form the network topology of describing by logical topology and physical topology.Complexity day by day along with network configuration, only will more and more can't present the annexation between each network equipment in the whole network correctly, truly with physical topology, present embodiment can correctly, truly, comprehensively present full mesh topology in conjunction with logical topology and physical topology simultaneously, and no longer be subjected to the restriction of network complexity, no matter there are the network of wide area optical fiber private network or the network that subnet management is carried out in use and management network segment IP address, adopt the present embodiment technical scheme all can correctly present the topology of network; In addition, compare with the prior art scheme, present embodiment combines the discovering network topology process with the automatic device discovery process, realizes the discovery of network topology in the process of automatic device discovery, has improved the efficient and the performance of discovering network topology.
Wherein, network management device needs selected network equipment as starting point when carrying out automatic device discovery, and the IP address of selected network equipment can be manually imported in the operation of selected starting point by the network manager, this execution mode needs the network manager to participate in, and efficient is lower.Based on this, present embodiment provides a kind of network management device to carry out the execution mode of automatic device discovery, this execution mode is: network management device obtains pre-configured gateway ip address, routing table with the gateway device of gateway ip address correspondence is the routing table of all-network equipment in the initial traverses network, carries out automatic device discovery.Wherein, pre-configured gateway ip address in the network on the network management device; The quantity of gateway ip address is identical with the quantity of subnet in the network, the corresponding gateway ip address of each subnet.Correspondingly, in the present embodiment, can be with the gateway device of a plurality of gateway ip address correspondences as starting point.After determining starting point, the automatic device discovery process of carrying out based on routing table can not repeat them here referring to the detailed description in step 11 and the step 12.
Above-mentioned execution mode needs network manager or user to import the problem of start ip address when having solved on the one hand in the prior art and to have carried out automatic device discovery based on routing table, making does not need to carry out having improved the efficient of automatic device discovery alternately with the network manager in the automatic discovery procedure of entire equipment; In addition, present embodiment allows to obtain simultaneously a plurality of gateway ip address, and be that starting point is carried out automatic device discovery simultaneously with the gateway device of a plurality of gateway ip address correspondences, solve prior art and on network management device, had a plurality of network interface cards, be when having a plurality of subnets in the network or having many reachable paths, need carry out the repeatedly problem of automatic device discovery process, further improve the efficient of automatic device discovery.
Further, before carrying out automatic device discovery, the network management device of present embodiment has defined device type in advance in whole network, for example: switch, router etc., and regulation: when the network equipment of finding does not belong to defined device type, network equipment unification is judged to be main frame.The present embodiment network management device is when finding the network equipment, the IP address that is found the network equipment is stored in the list of devices, also can be read the system object sign (sysObjectID that is found on the network equipment simultaneously by the set of systems (SystemGroup) of RFC1213 regulation; Abbreviate as: OID), for example: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.2, know the unit type that the network equipment is concrete according to this OID, manufacturer, product type (for example: switch, router, storage products, fire compartment wall, the operating system of printer or the Window of Microsoft series, (SuSE) Linux OS etc.), then according to OID and predefined device type, identification is found the type of the network equipment, and with the type stores that identifies in list of devices, can also store the model (for example the StarNet 8610) that gets access to simultaneously, (the StarNet for example of producer, Microsoft), information such as OID sign.
In the foregoing description, network management device information such as the IP address by storage networking device and type, model, manufacturer when finding the network equipment can make the equipment of being found present to the network manager in more detail, so that network equipment is managed.
The flow chart of the method for discovering network topology that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention two.Present embodiment realizes that based on embodiment one as shown in Figure 2, the method for present embodiment also comprises:
The ARP table that step 13, traversal are found the network equipment carries out automatic device discovery according to the ARP table.
Wherein, according to Simple Network Management Protocol (Simple Network Management Protocol; Abbreviate as: SNMP), from management information bank (the Management InformationBase that is found the network equipment; Abbreviate as: obtain the ARP table MIB).
Particularly, in real physical network, the routing table of the network equipment is according to the continuous real-time update of practical communication situation, when network is complicated, possibly can't find all network equipments by routing table, therefore, present embodiment is further done further to find to the network equipment according to the ARP table of discovering device.Wherein, the ARP table comprises the mapping relations of IP address (ipNetToMediaNetAddress), MAC Address (pNetToMediaPhysAddress) and the forwarding interface number (ipNetToMediaIfIndex) of the network equipment, and its structure is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| ?ipNetToMediaIfIndex | ipNetToMediaPhysAddress | ipNetToMediaNetAddress |
| 20 | B8-AC-6F-40-37-5A | 192.168.197.14 |
When the network equipment is found the network equipment in the automatic device discovery process, by obtaining the ARP table that is found the network equipment, remove to obtain the ARP table of the network equipment (abbreviating related network equipment as) that is found the network equipment and is associated according to the IP address under the ipNetToMediaNetAddress field in the ARP table, if get access to the ARP table of related network equipment, then looking this related network equipment is found, obtain the type of related network equipment according to aforementioned manner, information such as manufacturer are with the IP address of this related network equipment, type, information stores such as manufacturer are in list of devices; If do not get access to the ARP table of this related network equipment, it is unreachable then to look this related network equipment.Present embodiment is according to the IP address under the ipNetToMediaNetAddress field in the ARP table that is found the network equipment (being related network equipment), carry out recurrence successively, with the IP address under the ipNetToMediaNetAddress field unreachable or existed in the list of devices till, the network equipment in the whole network is replenished discovery.
Wherein, (promptly in the automatic device discovery process of carrying out, be found), then can have no longer stored this network equipment, and proceed follow-up recursive operation according to routing table if the network equipment of finding according to ARP table has existed in the list of devices.
Wherein, the operation of carrying out device discovery according to ARP table also can be after the process of carrying out automatic device discovery according to routing table finishes, treat that promptly all can be found by the network equipment that routing table is found after.In addition, carrying out the operation of automatic device discovery can carry out simultaneously in that the network equipment is found according to ARP table, promptly carrying out the process of automatic device discovery according to routing table carries out simultaneously with the process of carrying out automatic device discovery according to the ARP table, it is every automatic device discovery operation of just obtaining the ARP table of this network equipment and carrying out carrying out when finding a network equipment according to the ARP table according to routing table, can improve device discovery efficient like this, be a kind of preferred implementation.
The method for discovering network topology of present embodiment further carries out the discovery of the network equipment by the ARP table that is found the network equipment, can overcome because the subnetwork equipment that the routing table characteristic causes can not found defective.In addition, adopt according to routing table with according to the ARP table and carry out the execution mode of automatic device discovery simultaneously, can also guarantee the efficient of automatic device discovery.
The flow chart of the method for discovering network topology that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention three.Present embodiment realizes that based on embodiment two as shown in Figure 3, the method for present embodiment also comprises:
Wherein, mac address forwarding table is as shown in table 3, comprises transmitting MAC Address (dotldTpFdbAddress) and message forwarding port (dotldTpFdbPort).
Table 3
| dotldTpFdbAddress | dotldTpFdbPort |
| B8-AC-6F-40-37-5A | 20 |
| B8-AC-6F-40-37-5B | 21 |
Because in step 13, network management device has carried out further discovery to the network equipment, might find the new network equipment, at this moment, might not comprise in logical links between the network equipment that network management device is set up in step 12 and the physical link and the network equipment that this is new between annexation.Based on this, the network management device of present embodiment obtains physical link between the found network equipment, i.e. second physical link on the whole based on general mib information.Wherein, first physical link and second physical link are meant the physical link between the network equipment that different phase is obtained with distinct methods respectively, in second physical link, can comprise with first physical link in identical physical link.
Concrete, network management device is a unit with the subnet, obtains the network topology of each subnet, then the network topology analysis of all-ones subnet is obtained whole network of network topology.Wherein, the network management device process of obtaining the network topology of subnet comprises:
Step 141, from MIB, obtain the mac address forwarding table of the network equipment,, determine the last connecting port of the network equipment according to canned data in the mac address forwarding table;
Wherein, last connecting port is meant that the network equipment (for example switch or router etc.) upward leads to the interface of the gateway device of place subnet.For example: be exactly to go up connecting port with interface that gateway device directly links to each other on the network equipment, the interface that links to each other with gateway device by other network equipments on the network equipment also be on connecting port.Concrete, if the MAC Address field that comprises in the mac address forwarding table of the network equipment is the MAC Address of gateway device, then corresponding with this MAC Address field message is transmitted port and is connecting port.If the MAC Address field in the mac address forwarding table of the network equipment is the MAC Address of non-gateway equipment, it is second line of a couplet interface that then corresponding with this MAC Address field message is transmitted port.For example: if the B8-AC-6F-40-37-5A in the table 3 is the MAC Address of gateway device, then message forwarding port 20 is last connecting port; If the B8-AC-6F-40-37-5B in the table 3 is the MAC Address of main frame, then message forwarding port 21 is a second line of a couplet interface.
Step 142, determine logical links between the network equipment according to the last connecting port of the network equipment;
Concrete, if comprise the record of connecting port in the mac address forwarding table of the network equipment, then determine to exist between the network equipment and the gateway device logical links; If comprise the record of second line of a couplet interface in the mac address forwarding table of the network equipment, then determine to have a logical links between the network equipment network equipment corresponding with second line of a couplet interface.Above-mentionedly be present in the network message that two logical links between the network equipment also are meant a network equipment and can arrive another network equipment.
Virtual link in step 143, the deletion logical links is determined second physical link between the network equipment;
Logical links between the network equipment of determining in step 142 can be real second physical link that exists, and also can be some non-existent virtual links.Virtual link is for second physical link of real existence, is some annexations that really do not exist between the network equipment of being found.
Network management device is by removing non-existent virtual link, and remaining second physical link is to form second topological structure of network.Wherein, the network equipment judges that whether a logical links is that the foundation of virtual link is the triangle algorithm.Promptly for any three network equipments, if finding the same interface of first network equipment is connected with the 3rd network equipment with second network equipment simultaneously, and second network equipment by other interfaces (promptly remove with interface that first network equipment is connected interface) be connected with the 3rd network equipment, the link between then definite first network equipment and the 3rd network equipment belongs to the virtual link that need remove.With first network equipment with the topological structure that obtains after virtual link between the 3rd network equipment removes be: first network equipment directly is connected with second network equipment; Second network equipment directly is connected with the 3rd network equipment; And first network equipment is connected with the 3rd network equipment by second network equipment.
Step 144, according to second physical link of the network equipment, determine the dummy device of network.
When the above-mentioned physical link of determining between two network equipments, an interface that a network equipment may occur connects the situation of many network equipments, at this moment, can determine connecting under this interface a dummy device, many network equipments are connected with this interface of this network equipment by this dummy device.Described " dummy device " mainly is meant the network equipment that does not have two layers of sign (for example not having MAC Address) and three layers of sign (for example IP address), mainly is meant physical layer equipment, for example hub.Dummy device can't be found automatically, needs to derive indirectly.So far form the network topology of subnet.If do not exist the same interface of the network equipment to connect the situation of many network equipments in second physical link of finding, then can determine not exist in this network dummy device.
Wherein, when there is a plurality of subnet in whole network; gateway device can be connected with a plurality of subnets usually; at this moment; the existence of this gateway device all can be arranged in a plurality of subnets; so, the network topology analysis of all-ones subnet is being obtained the union operation that comprises in the whole network of network topology same gateway equipment.Concrete, network management device can be judged whether gateway device is identical, and identical gateway device is merged into one by the MAC Address of the gateway device under the traversal all-ones subnet, to form second topological structure of network.
Wherein, be in the network of the same network segment for a subnet or all-network equipment, after finding dummy device, the discovering network topology process just can finish substantially.But, for complicated network, for example: by managing the network that network segment IP address manages, the second line of a couplet interface that certain network equipment may occur is connected with the network equipment with two layers of forwarding capability (for example Layer 2 switch), and with this network equipment with two layers of forwarding capability not at the same network segment, then the dummy device that calculates according to above-mentioned steps might be wrong.Therefore, in the present embodiment, network management device gets access to after second topological structure of whole net, also comprises:
Whether have first network equipment in 15b, judgement and the network equipment that dummy device is connected, described first network equipment is meant the network equipment that has mac address forwarding table; When existence has first network equipment (for example switch) of mac address forwarding table in the network equipment that judged result is with dummy device is connected, execution in step 15c; Otherwise, execution in step 16.
15d further revises second topological structure by above-mentioned steps 15a-step, solves the problem that occurs wrong dummy device in second topological structure.
With the network configuration shown in Fig. 4 A is example, describes present embodiment solves the dummy device problem by step 15a-step 15d process in detail.In network shown in Fig. 4 A, first switch is connected with convergence router; Second switch is connected with first switch; First main frame is connected with second switch respectively with second main frame; The first node router is connected with convergence router by optical fiber respectively with the Section Point router, constitutes the optical fiber private network; First access switch is connected with the first node router; Second access switch is connected with the Section Point router.Wherein, first switch, second switch and convergence router belong to the same management ip address network segment, but, first main frame and second main frame belong to another IP address network segment, promptly inconsistent with the IP address network segment of second switch, and first main frame and second main frame and first switch belong to same VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network; Abbreviate as: VLAN), that is to say, first main frame and second main frame do not need to insert second switch and can be directly with data penetration transmission to first switch.
Based on above-mentioned, when adopting the present embodiment above-mentioned steps to find second topological structure, owing to connecting second switch and first main frame and second main frame simultaneously on the same interface of judging first switch, the interface that then can determine first switch connects a dummy device down, second switch and first main frame are connected with first switch by this dummy device with second main frame, shown in Fig. 4 B, structure shown in Fig. 4 B also is the discovery result that existing various network topologies is found scheme.Analysis chart 4A and Fig. 4 B as can be known, the true topological structure shown in structure shown in Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 A is inconsistent.In the present embodiment, further get access to dummy device among Fig. 4 B by step 15a, judge this dummy device by step 15b and be connected with second switch and first main frame and second main frame simultaneously, wherein second switch has mac address forwarding table; Because first main frame is connected with second switch with second main frame, therefore in judging the mac address table of second switch, step 15c has first main frame and MAC Address second main frame, then second switch and dummy device are merged, promptly obtain the topological structure shown in Fig. 4 C by step 15d; Fig. 4 C and Fig. 4 A are compared and can find: Fig. 4 C can correctly reflect the topological relation of network shown in Fig. 4 A.
Further needing explanation, because above-mentioned steps 15a-step 15d is relevant with network characteristics, therefore, but is a selection operation.For example: when not having subnet in the network, just do not have the wrongheaded situation of dummy device, therefore, in whole embodiment, can not comprise above-mentioned steps 15a-step 15d.
Step 16, analysis first topological structure and second topological structure obtain the network of network topology.
Concrete, in first topological structure that in the automatic device discovery process, forms according to routing table, in second topological structure that after automatic device discovery finishes, forms according to mac address forwarding table, and between first topological structure and second topological structure, may there be redundancy, for example: may not only set up logical links but also set up physical link between two network equipments after aforesaid operations, then this logical links conflicts mutually with this physical link; Again for example: after aforesaid operations, between two network equipments, set up two physical links.Present embodiment is by analyzing first topological structure and second topological structure, the logical links that deletion conflicts with first physical link or second physical link, merge identical physical link in first physical link and second physical link, succinct to form, can be truly, the network topology structure of the annexation in the complete body existing network network between the network equipment and the network equipment.
In sum, the method for discovering network topology of present embodiment has following beneficial effect: 1, automatic device discovery process and discovering network topology process are combined, compare with the discovering network topology scheme of after automatic device discovery finishes, carrying out in the past, improved the efficient of discovering network topology; 2, adopt logical topology and physical topology to constitute the network topology of the whole network simultaneously, no longer be confined to local area network (LAN) or subnet, can form the network topology that comprises local area network (LAN) and wide area network, and formed network topology is the annexation between the reaction network equipment more really, for having laid a good foundation based on the network managing mode of dynamic network topology figure; 3, in whole discovering network topology process, do not rely on the proprietary protocol of any producer, as long as the equipment in the network is realized the most basic RFC, and the present embodiment technical scheme neither relies on the result of Spanning-Tree Protocol, and the networking mode of dependency network is not (for example: VLAN can be arranged, can not have VLAN yet yet, can connect subnet with router, also can connect subnet with switch), as long as network can normally move, its scope of application is wider; 4, in the automatic device discovery process, carry out automatic device discovery with gateway ip address, and carry out the additional discovery of equipment by the ARP table of the network equipment found, can find all types of equipment such as router, three-tier switch, Layer 2 switch, bridge, hub so that the network topology structure of the whole network that presents complete sum is true more.
The structural representation of the discovering network topology device that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention four.As shown in Figure 5, the device of present embodiment comprises: first finds that module 51 and first forms module 52.
Wherein, first find that module 51 is used for carrying out automatic device discovery according to routing table; First forms module 52, find that with first module 51 is connected, be used for carrying out according to routing table the process of automatic device discovery in the first discovery module 51, according to next-hop ip address in the routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, to form first topological structure of network.
Wherein, first finds that module 51 and first forms the flow process that module 52 can be used for carrying out the method for discovering network topology that said method embodiment provides, and its operation principle sees the description of providing embodiment for details, does not repeat them here.
The discovering network topology device of present embodiment, carrying out according to routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, set up logical links and physical link between the network equipment according to next-hop ip address in the routing table, when the automatic device discovery process finishes, form the network topology of describing by logical topology and physical topology.Complexity day by day along with network configuration, only will more and more can't present the annexation between each network equipment in the whole network correctly, truly with physical topology, the discovering network topology device of present embodiment can form the full mesh topology that comprises logical topology and physical topology, no longer be subjected to the restriction of network complexity, no matter there are the network of wide area optical fiber private network or the network that subnet management is carried out in use and management network segment IP address, all can correctly present the topology of network; In addition, compare with the prior art scheme, the discovering network topology device of present embodiment combines the discovering network topology process with the automatic device discovery process, realize the discovery of network topology in the process of automatic device discovery, has improved the efficient and the performance of discovering network topology.
Further, first of present embodiment find that module 51 comprises: obtain submodule 511 and find submodule 512.Obtain submodule 511 and be used to obtain pre-configured gateway ip address; Find submodule 512 and obtain submodule 511 and be connected that the routing table that is used for the gateway device that obtains the gateway ip address correspondence that submodule 511 obtains is the routing table of initial traverses network all-network equipment, carries out automatic device discovery.
Concrete, obtain submodule 511 and comprise: first acquiring unit, memory cell and second acquisition unit.Obtain submodule 511 and obtain pre-configured gateway ip address on the discovering network topology device by first acquiring unit; The gateway ip address that first acquiring unit is obtained by memory cell stores in the list of devices, shows and has found gateway device; Then by second acquisition unit according to webmaster IP address, obtain the routing table of gateway device.Find that submodule 512 comprises: find unit and acquiring unit.Wherein, find that the unit is used for the next-hop ip address according to routing table, begin the network equipment the traverses network to find the network equipment from the routing table of gateway device, and the IP address that will be found the network equipment stores in the list of devices, till unreachable or next-hop ip address has existed in the list of devices up to next-hop ip address; Acquiring unit, be used for when finding that the unit finds that the network equipment also stores the IP address that is found the network equipment into list of devices difficult to understand, obtain the OID that is found the network equipment, according to OID and predefined device type, identification is found the type of the network equipment, and the type stores that will be found equipment is in list of devices.
Wherein, above-mentioned functions submodule or unit specifically can be used for carrying out the corresponding flow process of finding the network equipment among the said method embodiment, and its operation principle sees the description of preceding method embodiment for details, does not repeat them here.
Further, first of the present embodiment formation module 52 comprises: first judges submodule 521, first definite submodule 522, the second judgement submodule 523 and second definite submodule 524.
Wherein, first judges and to be used for submodule 521 to arbitrary network equipment, judges whether the next-hop ip address in the routing table of the network equipment can reach; For example: the routing table of the network equipment by judging whether to get access to the next-hop ip address correspondence if get access to the routing table that next jumps the network equipment of lP address correspondence, illustrates that next-hop ip address can reach; Otherwise, illustrate that next-hop ip address is unreachable; First determines submodule 522, judges that with first submodule 521 is connected, is used for when the first judgement submodule 521 is judged next-hop ip address and can be reached, and determines that the network equipment network equipment corresponding with next-hop ip address like that directly there are a logical links in you; Second judges submodule 523, determine that with first submodule 522 is connected, be used for determining that first submodule 522 determines when having logical links between the network equipment network equipment corresponding with next-hop ip address, judge whether the next-hop ip address in the routing table of the network equipment of next-hop ip address correspondence is identical with the IP address of the network equipment; Second determines submodule 524, judge that with second submodule 523 is connected, be used for judging that second the judged result of submodule 523 is identical, and the network equipment network equipment corresponding with next-hop ip address determines to exist between the network equipment network equipment corresponding with next-hop ip address one first physical link when the same network segment.
Wherein, above-mentioned each function sub-modules can be used for carrying out the corresponding flow process that forms first topological structure of network among the said method embodiment, and its operation principle sees the description of preceding method embodiment for details, does not repeat them here.
The discovering network topology device of present embodiment, the network equipment with the gateway ip address correspondence is that starting point begins to carry out automatic device discovery, having solved on the one hand in the prior art when carrying out automatic device discovery based on routing table needs network manager or user to import the problem of start ip address, making does not need network manager or user's participation in the automatic discovery procedure of entire equipment, improved the efficient of automatic device discovery; In addition, the discovering network topology device of present embodiment also allows to obtain simultaneously a plurality of gateway ip address, and is that starting point is carried out automatic device discovery with the gateway device of a plurality of gateway ip address correspondences simultaneously, has further improved the efficient of automatic device discovery.In addition, the discovering network topology device of present embodiment combines automatic device discovery with the discovering network topology process, has improved the efficient and the performance of discovering network topology.
The structural representation of the discovering network topology device that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the invention five.Present embodiment realizes that based on the foregoing description as shown in Figure 6, the device of present embodiment also comprises: second finds module 61.
Second finds module 61, finds that with first module 51 is connected, and specifically is used to travel through the ARP table that is found the network equipment, carries out automatic device discovery according to the ARP table.Wherein, this second discovery module 61 can be after first finds that module 51 finishes the automatic device discovery processes, carrying out the automatic device discovery process according to the ARP table that is found the network equipment, also can when first find that module 51 is carried out in the automatic device discovery process network equipment of every discovery, just obtain the ARP table of the network equipment and carry out automatic device discovery according to the ARP table.
Wherein, second finds that module 61 specifically can be used for carrying out the corresponding flow process of carrying out the additional discovery of the network equipment among the said method embodiment, and its operation principle sees the description of method embodiment for details, does not repeat them here.
The discovering network topology device of present embodiment can further replenish discovery to the network equipment by the second discovery module, can overcome because the subnetwork equipment that the routing table characteristic causes can not found defective.In addition, when second finds that module is replenished discovery in the automatic device discovery process of the first discovery module, can also guarantee the efficient of automatic device discovery, and then improve the efficient of discovering network topology.
The structural representation of the discovering network topology device that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the invention six.Present embodiment realizes that based on previous embodiment as shown in Figure 7, the device of present embodiment also comprises: second forms module 71 and acquisition module 72.
Wherein, second forms module 71, find that with first the module 51 and the second discovery module 61 are connected, be used for after first finds that module 51 finds that according to routing table and second module 61 is carried out the automatic device discovery end according to the ARP table, mac address forwarding table according to the network equipment, proceed the automatic discovery of the physical network topology of network, to form second topological structure of network; Described second topological structure comprises second physical link between the network equipment.Acquisition module 72 forms module 52 with first and the second formation module 71 is connected, and is used to analyze first topological structure and second topological structure, obtains the network of network topology.
Concrete, acquisition module 72 comprises: the first deletion submodule 721 and the second deletion submodule 722.Wherein, the first deletion submodule 721 is used for according to first physical link and second physical link, the logical links deletion that will conflict with first physical link or second physical link.The second deletion submodule 722 is used for (promptly repeating) physical link that first physical link is identical with second physical link and merges.Wherein, can simplify topology of networks, finally form complete, succinct network topology by above-mentioned each function sub-modules.
The discovering network topology device of present embodiment, can replenish first topological structure by forming second topological structure, so that the network topology structure that forms is more complete, further first topological structure and second topological structure are analyzed by acquisition module, delete the redundant topology relation that exists in two topological structures, finally form succinct, complete, correct network topology.
Further, the discovering network topology device of present embodiment also comprises: first judge module 73, second judge module 74 and determination module 75.
Wherein, first judge module 73, be used for after second forms second topological structure of module 71 formation networks, when in second topological structure, having dummy device, judge with the network equipment that dummy device is connected in whether have first network equipment, first network equipment is meant the network equipment that has mac address forwarding table; Second judge module 74, be connected with first judge module 73, be used in the judged result of first judge module 73 when having first network equipment, judge the MAC Address that whether has other network equipments that dummy device links to each other in the mac address forwarding table of first network equipment; Determination module 75 is connected with second judge module 74, is used in the judged result of second judge module 74 determining that dummy device is first network equipment when existing, and is about to first network equipment and dummy device and merges, and second topological structure is revised.Simultaneously, the judged result that determination module 75 also is used in second judge module 74 determines that the dummy device and first network equipment are respectively separate equipment when not existing, and does not promptly need to form module 71 formed second topological results to second and revises.At this moment, determination module 75 is connected with acquisition module 72, specifically is connected respectively with the second deletion submodule 722 with the first deletion submodule 721, and is not shown in Fig. 7.
Wherein, whether the dummy device that the judgement that above-mentioned each functional module can be used for carrying out said method embodiment and provides is derived the correct method flow process, and its operation principle sees the description of method embodiment for details, does not repeat them here.
The discovering network topology device of present embodiment, can be used for the correctness of the dummy device derived is judged by above-mentioned each functional module, and wrong dummy device revised, with the true topology that guarantees that formed second topological structure can the correct response network, be particularly useful for complicated network, for example: the network that manages by management network segment IP address etc. make the annexation between the network equipment in the reaction network that the final network topology that forms can be true, correct, complete.
In sum, the discovering network topology device of present embodiment has following beneficial effect: 1, automatic device discovery process and discovering network topology process are combined, compare with the discovering network topology scheme of after automatic device discovery finishes, carrying out in the past, improved the efficient of discovering network topology; 2, adopt logical topology and physical topology to constitute the network topology of the whole network simultaneously, no longer be confined to local area network (LAN) or subnet, can form the network topology that comprises local area network (LAN) and wide area network, and formed network topology is the annexation between the reaction network equipment more really, for having laid a good foundation based on the network managing mode of dynamic network topology figure; 3, in whole discovering network topology process, do not rely on the proprietary protocol of any producer, as long as the equipment in the network is realized the most basic RFC, and the present embodiment technical scheme neither relies on the result of Spanning-Tree Protocol, and the networking mode of dependency network is not (for example: VLAN can be arranged, can not have VLAN yet yet, can connect subnet with router, also can connect subnet with switch), as long as network can normally move, its scope of application is wider; 4, in the automatic device discovery process, carry out automatic device discovery with gateway ip address, and carry out the additional discovery of equipment by the ARP table of the network equipment found, can find all types of equipment such as router, three-tier switch, Layer 2 switch, bridge, hub so that the network topology structure of the whole network that presents complete sum is true more.
The embodiment of the invention seven provides a kind of network equipment, comprises the discovering network topology device that the embodiment of the invention provides.Wherein, the structure of discovering network topology device and operation principle see the description of the foregoing description for details, do not repeat them here.This network equipment can be the network management device in the network, is mainly used in to find the network of network topology network equipment to be managed based on the network topology of finding.
The network equipment of present embodiment, comprise the discovering network topology device that the embodiment of the invention provides, can be used for carrying out the flow process of the method for discovering network topology that said method embodiment provides, can form correct, complete, succinct network topology structure equally, be convenient to the network equipment is managed.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step that realizes said method embodiment can be finished by the relevant hardware of program command, aforesaid program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program is carried out the step that comprises said method embodiment when carrying out; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: various media that can be program code stored such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (19)
1. a method for discovering network topology is characterized in that, comprising:
Carrying out according to routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, according to the next-hop ip address in the described routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, to form first topological structure of described network.
2. method for discovering network topology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly carries out automatic device discovery according to routing table and comprises:
Obtaining pre-configured gateway ip address, is the routing table of all-network equipment in the described network of initial traversal with the routing table of the gateway device of described gateway ip address correspondence, carries out automatic device discovery.
3. method for discovering network topology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carrying out according to routing table in the process of automatic device discovery, according to the next-hop ip address in the described routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, comprise with first topological structure that forms described network:
For arbitrary network equipment, judge whether the next-hop ip address in the routing table of the described network equipment can reach;
If described next-hop ip address can reach, determine between the described network equipment network equipment corresponding to have a logical links, and judge whether the next-hop ip address in the routing table of the network equipment of described next-hop ip address correspondence is identical with the IP address of the described network equipment with described next-hop ip address;
If judged result is identical, and the described network equipment network equipment corresponding with described next-hop ip address determined described first physical link of existence between the described network equipment network equipment corresponding with described next-hop ip address when the same network segment.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described method for discovering network topology, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
The address analysis protocol table that traversal is found the network equipment carries out automatic device discovery according to described address analysis protocol table.
5. method for discovering network topology according to claim 4 is characterized in that, is carrying out also comprising after the automatic device discovery end according to described routing table and described address analysis protocol table:
Media access control address according to the described network equipment is transmitted, and carries out the automatic discovery of the physical network topology of described network, and to form second topological structure of described network, described second topological structure comprises second physical link between the described network equipment;
Analyze described first topological structure and described second topological structure, obtain described network of network topology.
6. method for discovering network topology according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described analysis first topological structure and described second topological structure obtain described network of network topology and comprise:
According to described first physical link and described second physical link, the logical links deletion that will conflict with described first physical link or described second physical link;
Identical physical link in described first physical link and described second physical link is merged.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described method for discovering network topology, it is characterized in that, after second topological structure that forms described network, also comprise:
In described second topological structure, have dummy device, judge with the network equipment that described dummy device is connected in whether have first network equipment, described first network equipment is meant the network equipment that exists media access control address to transmit;
When judged result for there being described first network equipment, and when having the media access control address of other network equipments that link to each other with described dummy device during the media access control address of described first network equipment is transmitted, determine that described dummy device is described first network equipment.
8. method for discovering network topology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, obtaining pre-configured gateway ip address, is the routing table of all-network equipment in the described network of initial traversal with the routing table of the gateway device of described gateway ip address correspondence, carries out automatic device discovery and comprises:
Obtain pre-configured described gateway ip address, described gateway ip address is stored in the list of devices, and, obtain the routing table of gateway device according to described gateway ip address;
According to the next-hop ip address in the routing table, begin to travel through the network equipment the described network to find the described network equipment from the routing table of described gateway device, and the IP address that will be found the network equipment stores in the described list of devices, till unreachable or next-hop ip address has existed in the described list of devices up to next-hop ip address.
9. method for discovering network topology according to claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises when storing in the described list of devices in the IP address that will be found the network equipment:
Obtain the described system object sign that is found the network equipment,, discern the described type that is found the network equipment according to described system object sign and predefined device type, and with the described type stores of the network equipment that is found in described list of devices.
10. a discovering network topology device is characterized in that, comprising:
First finds module, is used for carrying out automatic device discovery according to routing table;
First forms module, be used for carrying out according to routing table the process of automatic device discovery in the described first discovery module, according to the next-hop ip address in the described routing table, set up the logical links between the network equipment and first physical link in the network, to form first topological structure of described network.
11. discovering network topology device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described first finds that module comprises:
Obtain submodule, be used to obtain pre-configured gateway ip address;
Find submodule, the routing table that is used for the gateway device of described gateway ip address correspondence is the routing table of the described network all-network of initial traversal equipment, carries out automatic device discovery.
12., it is characterized in that described first forms module comprises according to the described discovering network topology device of claim 11:
First judges and to be used for submodule for arbitrary network equipment, judges whether the next-hop ip address in the routing table of the described network equipment can reach;
First determines submodule, is used for determining logical links of existence between the described network equipment network equipment corresponding with described next-hop ip address when described first judges that submodule is judged described next-hop ip address and can be reached;
Second judges submodule, is used for determining that described first submodule determines when having logical links, judges whether the next-hop ip address in the network equipment routing table of described next-hop ip address correspondence is identical with the IP address of the network equipment;
Second determines submodule, be used for judging that described second the judged result of submodule is identical, and the described network equipment network equipment corresponding with described next-hop ip address determines to exist between the described network equipment network equipment corresponding with described next-hop ip address described first physical link when the same network segment.
13. according to claim 10 or 11 or 12 described discovering network topology devices, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Second finds module, is used to travel through the address analysis protocol table that is found the network equipment, carries out automatic device discovery according to described address analysis protocol table.
14. discovering network topology device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Second forms module, be used for after described first finds that module finds that according to described routing table and described second module is carried out the automatic device discovery end according to described address analysis protocol table, media access control address according to the described network equipment is transmitted, carry out the automatic discovery of the physical network topology of described network, to form second topological structure of described network, described second topological structure comprises second physical link between the described network equipment;
Acquisition module is used to analyze described first topological structure and described second topological structure, obtains described network of network topology.
15. discovering network topology device according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described acquisition module comprises:
The first deletion submodule is used for according to described first physical link and described second physical link, the logical links deletion that will conflict with described first physical link or described second physical link;
The second deletion submodule is used for described first physical link is merged with the identical physical link of described second physical link.
16. according to claim 14 or 15 described discovering network topology devices, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
First judge module, be used for after the described second formation module forms second topological structure of described network, when in described second topological structure, having dummy device, judge with the network equipment that described dummy device is connected in whether have first network equipment, described first network equipment is meant the network equipment that exists media access control address to transmit;
Second judge module, be used in the judged result of described first judge module when having described first network equipment, whether have the media access control address of other network equipments that described dummy device links to each other during the media access control address of judging described first network equipment is transmitted;
Determination module is used in the judged result of described second judge module determining that described dummy device is described first network equipment when existing.
17. method for discovering network topology according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the described submodule that obtains comprises:
First acquiring unit is used to obtain pre-configured described gateway ip address;
Memory cell is used for storing described gateway ip address into list of devices;
Second acquisition unit is used for obtaining the routing table of gateway device according to described gateway ip address;
Described discovery submodule comprises:
Find the unit, be used for next-hop ip address according to routing table, begin to travel through the network equipment the described network to find the described network equipment from the routing table of described gateway device, and the IP address that will be found the network equipment stores in the described list of devices, till unreachable or next-hop ip address has existed in the described list of devices up to next-hop ip address.
18. discovering network topology device according to claim 17 is characterized in that, described discovery submodule also comprises:
Acquiring unit, when being used in described discovery unit storing the described IP address that is found the network equipment into described list of devices, obtain the described system object sign that is found the network equipment, according to described system object sign and predefined device type, discern the described type that is found the network equipment, and with the described type stores of the network equipment that is found in described list of devices.
19. network equipment that comprises each described discovering network topology device of claim 10-18.
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