CN102129740A - Method for preventing bankcard from being stolen - Google Patents
Method for preventing bankcard from being stolen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102129740A CN102129740A CN2010100229169A CN201010022916A CN102129740A CN 102129740 A CN102129740 A CN 102129740A CN 2010100229169 A CN2010100229169 A CN 2010100229169A CN 201010022916 A CN201010022916 A CN 201010022916A CN 102129740 A CN102129740 A CN 102129740A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- card
- bank
- transaction
- password
- bank card
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Financial Or Insurance-Related Operations Such As Payment And Settlement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing a bankcard from being stolen by utilizing a dynamic password technology. The method comprises the following steps of: after a bankcard transaction every time, initiatively generating a new transaction password used for next transaction certification, wherein the generation of a new transaction password is based on a uniformly distributed pseudo random sequence, and an initial value of the pseudo random sequence is an initial transaction password of the bankcard; and after the transaction, sending a prompt or alarm message to a subscriber at the same time. The method for preventing the bankcard from being stolen is implemented with low cost and without changing the configuration and a work flow of the traditional bankcard system, is simply and conveniently utilized by the subscriber and can effectively prevent criminal activities of stealing through copying the bankcard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the financial safety protection field, relate in particular to the bank card account safe precaution method.
Background technology
Because bank card is easy to carry, easy to use, for the consumer provides the modes of payments easily, increasing consumer has got used to extracting cash on the ATM, using bank card to pay during in consumption with bank card.But the offender usually utilizes the weakness of bank card on safety to steal other people bank card information and consumption password in recent years, duplicates other people bank card then and usurps, and causes the tremendous economic loss to the victim.At present domestic bank's card adopts the magnetic stripe mode to write down bank card information, is read the data of magnetic stripe stored and is sent to bank server by POS machine or ATM when user card punching uses and finish authentication work.There is bigger potential safety hazard in the magnetic stripe recording mode, is that mainly the data security of magnetic stripe recording is poor, can be read out by any magnetic stripe fetch equipment, is very easily stolen by the offender and writes with writing the card device that " clone " goes out a bank card in the blank card.The case that a lot of offenders duplicate the enchashment without restraint of user's bank card, consumption has taken place in recent years, they adopt at the self-help bank gate place of swiping the card or the ATM card inserting mouth is installed miniature reader device and stolen user's bank card account data, microcam is installed above the ATM input keyboard is stolen user's bank card password, utilize the user account data of stealing to duplicate bank card then and consume or extract cash, often after steal information, just make the user suffer the tremendous economic loss in very short time.Improve this potential safety hazard of bank card, a kind of way is the complete upgrading bank card system, adopts the IC chip to replace magnetic stripe to write down bank card data, has improved the offender so greatly and has stolen the technical threshold of bank card data and implement difficulty.But this method should all be replaced the bank card in user's hand, also wants the card-reading apparatus of whole upgrading ATM, POS machine, and high upgrade cost makes that this method feasibility is lower.
Chinese patent 200510110598.0 proposes a kind of method and system that prevents embezzlement of bank card, adopts the way that adds card master or authorized user people face information in bank card to guarantee that the user is a validated user.Though this method can greatly improve the security of bank card on principle, need the upgrading bank card system equally, comprise the bank card in user's hand, the POS machine and the ATM of trade company, need pay high cost and just can achieve the goal.Chinese patent 200710125086.0 proposes the another kind of method and system that prevents embezzlement of bank card, this method is utilized the Mobile Phone Locating technology, the POS machine or the ATM position of elder generation's consumer positioning mobile phone location and generation transaction when the user uses bank card, judge that whether both are at same position, if then allow transaction to finish, otherwise refusal transaction.Though this method can be improved the security of bank card to a certain extent, but the also inconvenience that brings some to use to the user, must carry mobile phone simultaneously when promptly using bank card, prior defective is, because Mobile Phone Locating and POS machine, ATM locating accuracy are all very limited, this method is easy to cause erroneous judgement, thereby use brings unnecessary trouble or stays opportunity to the offender to actual user.
This shows that consumer and bank all need a kind of simple, method that prevents embezzlement of bank card that cost is controlled, in order to the consumption safety of protection credit card and the legitimate rights and interests of oneself.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of method of utilizing the dynamic password technology to prevent embezzlement of bank card.This method may further comprise the steps:
(1) affirmation and record bank card initial transaction password;
(2) in the transaction first time subsequently, use the initial transaction password to carry out transaction authentication;
(3) after each transaction is finished, generate new trading password and be used for next transaction authentication.
The generation of above-mentioned new trading password is based on an equally distributed pseudo-random sequence, and the initial value of this pseudo-random sequence is the initial transaction password that is provided with in the step (1).
Use method of the present invention need not change the formation and the operation flow of existing bank card system, implementation cost is cheap, and the user is easy to use, and effectively delinquency prevention molecular replication and usurp other people bank card is avoided causing economic loss to holder and bank.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing bank card security crime prevention system and transaction flow;
Fig. 2 is the inventive method implementation step synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment who generates the New Transaction password in the inventive method;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that the present invention dynamically changes the bank card business dealing password;
Fig. 6 is a kind of new password advice method synoptic diagram that adopts in one embodiment of the present of invention.
Embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Existing bank card security crime prevention system as shown in Figure 1, comprising entity function unit such as user's bank card, the POS machine that is arranged on each franchised business, bank ATM machine, merchant bank, issuing bank, payment gateways.Concrete steps are as follows:
1) user's transaction of on the POS of trade company machine or bank ATM machine, swiping the card, POS machine or ATM read the bank card number that is stored on the magnetic stripe and the password of the on-the-spot input of user in real time;
2) POS machine or ATM send the Trading Authorization application to merchant bank, comprising user's the data of swiping the card;
3) user's the data of swiping the card is checked by merchant bank, if find the non-one's own profession distribution of this bank card, then send to issuing bank's request payment by will the swipe the card collecting account data of data and corresponding trade company of payment gateway, otherwise receive single file and be credit card issuer, issuing bank carries out authentication to information such as the bank card number in the data of swiping the card, user ciphers, sends authorized order by the back to POS machine or ATM;
4) credit card issuer is to the operation of withholing of this user account;
5) POS machine or ATM finish follow-up transaction operation after receiving the authorized order of credit card issuer.
Above-mentioned bank card comprises the credit card, debit card, debt-credit card of each commercial bank distribution etc.; The described data of swiping the card comprises bank card account data, POS machine or ATM identification data, type of transaction, dealing money etc.; Described payment gateway is meant to each commercial bank provides the bank card business of message exchange of bank card inter-bank and clearance service accepts network, comprises China Unionpay's card network, VISA network, American Express Card network, Master Card network etc.
From above-mentioned bank card business dealing process as seen, bank card security mainly guarantees by the bank card consumption password that sets in advance, and bank card password to finish before the retouching operation by modes such as ATM, Web bank, telephone banks up to the user all be changeless next time, in a single day the offender has stolen other people credit card number and encrypted message and just can utilize easily and forge the authentication link of blocking the credit card issuer of out-tricking.And real card master knows nothing, up to receiving that next bank statement could find embezzlement of bank card.At present but some bank opens the SMS notification service, even but also can only prevent the economic loss that the user is bigger like this, because the behavior of usurping has been finished during SMS notification.The present invention utilizes the dynamic password technology can improve this weak link preferably, the basic thought of this method as shown in Figure 2, promptly change the changeless way of trading password of present user's bank card number, bank card system all initiatively upgrades trading password and notifies the user after each transaction is finished.Concrete steps are as follows:
The first step, the initial transaction password of affirmation and record bank card;
In second step, bank card system selects initial password as the authentication password of concluding the business for the first time subsequently automatically;
In the 3rd step, after each bank card business dealing was finished, bank card system as seed, adopted random algorithm to calculate the authentication password of transaction next time with the initial transaction password, and by the instant announcement card master of communication network.Its transaction verification password still can be revised by the approach of revising password in the existing bank card system at any time in the bank card use, promptly by bank ATM, telephone bank, Web bank, the lobby service terminal current effective authentication password of input earlier, through bank's background system authentication by after new password can be set as subsequently initial transaction password.Bank card system produces the New Transaction authentication password automatically in each transaction back random algorithm can adopt the most frequently used pseudo random sequence generation method-linear congruential method, and this method produces an equally distributed pseudo-random sequence by an initial value (also claiming seed) through following recursion formula:
Xi+1＝(a*Xi+b)mod?M，(i＝1，2，3，......，n) (1)
In the formula, M＞0,2＜=a＜M, 0＜b＜M, 0＜=X1＜m
Choose M=999999, X1 is the initial transaction password, choose a integer between the 2-M arbitrarily as a, an integer between the 0-M is as b, just can obtain equally distributed sequence between the 0-999999 by formula (1), bank card system can be with the authentication password of Xi as the i time transaction, if not enough 6 of Xi can constitute 6 passwords in its high-order zero padding.The method also can further be improved security by approach as shown in Figure 3:
1) sets M=899999, select initial password as seed X
1, choose a integer between the 2-M arbitrarily as a, an integer between the 0-M is as b;
2) after each transaction, according to the selected calculation of parameter X of step 1)
i
3) judge X
iWhether+100000 should not be as password, as 888888 wait each bit digital homogeneous phase with numeral, if that then give up and recomputate X
I+1Up to meeting the demands;
4) will judge qualified X through step 3) at last
j+ 100000 as new transaction verification password.
Should select different numerical value with b so that strengthen security for the parameter a in the different bank card account said methods, also can obtain the numerical value of a and b equally by random algorithm.
Bank card system can send to the main mobile phone of card by note with new password after producing new transaction verification password at random, promptly blocks the binding mobile phone of registering when this bank card is opened in main application.
Bank card business dealing flow process in the above steps is carried out according to aforementioned existing bank card business dealing flow process fully, avoid changing the use habit that the user has been familiar with, also avoided simultaneously existing bank card system is transformed on a large scale, reduced greatly and implement difficulty and cost.For the user, only need the mobile phone SMS Tip that be careful before and after the bank card from banking system using, in time obtain the authentication password of transaction next time and note maintaining secrecy and just can reach good safety precaution effect.Even the offender has stolen the card number and the trading password information of user's bank card by certain means when card is instigated with bank card business dealing, immediately send partner's quick copy to by communication network and go out a pseudo-bank card, the offender also can't utilize this pseudo-bank card to steal other people wealth, this is because the inefficacy temporarily of original code this moment, bank card system has upgraded the trading password of this card automatically, and new password only sends to main my mobile phone of card.
In order further to strengthen the safety precaution function, can behind each bank card business dealing, send SMS notification card master and announce this transaction situation in the transaction verification password next time, comprise information such as type of transaction, turnover, loco.When bank card system find certain be stuck in that when transaction use be a last effective trading password time, can send reminding short message to the main mobile phone of card, remind main this card trading password of card to change automatically, and in such a month, and on such a day being sent to this mobile phone by note.If find to have repeatedly effective trading password on the repeated attempt of people, send information warning then for the main mobile phone of card, repeatedly unsuccessful exchange hour and the place of attempting of announcement.The main mobile phone of above-mentioned card is meant the binding mobile phone that the user registers when this bank card is opened in application.
Prompting that bank card system sends after the password authentification failure automatically or information warning can allow the card master recognize whether have the people usurping his bank card at once, the card master economic loss of can at once taking measures to prevent in view of the above is as report the loss to bank, revise password, report a case to the security authorities or the like to public security department at once.
The bank card security prevention method that the present invention proposes can be realized by system shown in Figure 4.This system comprises:
POS machine, bank ATM, Web bank's client, lobby service terminal etc. are to the main transactional services of swiping the card that provides of card;
User's bank card and mobile phone, the user uses bank card to swipe the card in above-mentioned bank card business dealing terminal and finishes process of exchange, receives new password notice and the unusual transaction alert notification that bank card system sends by mobile phone;
Bank card background process subsystem comprises original bank card background process subsystem and a newly-increased user cipher service unit of being made up of transaction authentication unit, Database Unit, bank card administrative unit, Web bank unit, telephone bank unit.This cryptographic service unit is responsible for specially in each transaction back and is generated new trading password and announcement card master mobile phone according to random algorithm automatically, and it and original bank background process subsystem link to each other by bank's Intranet, by communication network connection mobile network Short Message Service Gateway;
Communication network is for the communication between bank's background process subsystem and POS machine, bank ATM, Web bank's client, lobby business and the user mobile phone provides secure transmission tunnel.
Fig. 5 further illustrates the workflow of said system:
1) when user card punching is concluded the business, bank card business dealing terminal (as the POS of trade company machine, bank ATM etc.) sends transaction data to original bank card background process subsystem, the requests transaction mandate, its transaction data comprises transaction terminal identity information, card number, type of transaction, dealing money, authentication password etc.;
2) original bank card background process subsystem authentication authentication ' unit is by checking user and the bank card business dealing terminal identity record in the Database Unit, to bank card business dealing terminal return authentication result, after the legitimacy of confirming transaction, return Trading Authorization information, if authentification failure then returns the information of refusal transaction;
3) original bank card background process subsystem is finished corresponding operatings such as user account is withholdd, account transfer, and bank card business dealing terminal output transaction document is finished transaction;
4) original bank card background process subsystem is to cryptographic service unit circular Transaction Information, comprises information such as the whether success of account number, type of transaction, dealing money, loco, transaction, Fail Transaction reason;
5) cryptographic service unit starting password update flow process, adopt the random number generating algorithm to produce new trading password and upgrade user account record in original bank card background process subsystem, so that the authentication unit adopts new password to authenticate when this bank card transaction next time;
6) to the main sending short message by mobile phone notice of card, announcement user trading password next time is if this transaction also sends reminded contents simultaneously for failed transactions by Short Message Service Gateway in the cryptographic service unit.
Cryptographic service unit among the above embodiment in the bank card background process subsystem after automatically upgrading the customer transaction password by SMS notification card master mobile phone, industry technician should be appreciated that, based on same design, the cryptographic service unit further adopts alternate manner to utilize public communication network to send this notice, as by multimedia message etc.In order to strengthen the security of password notice link further, can in the main mobile phone of card, download and install a cryptographic service client-side program PWA in advance, connect by communication network between the cryptographic service unit in it and the bank card background process subsystem, adopt proprietary protocol communication in application layer.The password client-side program PWA that blocks in the main mobile phone presents to the user according to the content that predefined proprietary protocol parses wherein after receiving the message that the cryptographic service unit is sent, comprise new trading password, Fail Transaction prompting message etc.Can also adopt encryption technology to encrypt blocking between password client-side program PWA in the main mobile phone and the cryptographic service unit in the bank card background process subsystem interactive messages, key can just be embedded in the program when the cryptographic service client-side program is installed.Fig. 6 has provided the synoptic diagram of said method.
Above in conjunction with case introduction method provided by the invention, do not depart from the scope of the present invention and conceive, the above-mentioned system and method that prevents that other people from usurping bank card can be made multiple change and distortion.Also can be as each transaction back new password by the cryptographic service unit in the employing of the cryptographic service client-side program PWA in user mobile phone random algorithm generation and the notifying bank's card background process subsystem.Scope of the present invention is determined by appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. method that prevents embezzlement of bank card said method comprising the steps of:
(1) affirmation and record bank card initial transaction password;
(2) in the transaction first time subsequently, use the initial transaction password to carry out transaction authentication;
(3) after each transaction is finished, generate new trading password automatically and be used for next transaction authentication.
2. method according to claim 1, its feature are that further the generation of the described New Transaction password of step (3) is based on an equally distributed pseudo-random sequence, and the initial value of this pseudo-random sequence is the initial transaction password that is provided with in the step (1).
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2 described in each, its feature further is, the described New Transaction password of step (3) is generated and announcement card master mobile phone by bank card system, and the main mobile phone of described card is meant that card leads that register and mobile phone bank card binding when bank card is opened in application.
4. according to the method for claim 1 or 2 described in each, its feature is that further the described New Transaction password of step (3) is generated by the cryptographic service client-side program in the main mobile phone of card and card system of notifying bank.
5. according to the method for claim 3 or 4 described in each, its feature is that further described new password Notification Method comprises:
(a) pass through SMS notification; Perhaps,
(b) notify by multimedia message; Perhaps,
(c) by predefined proprietary protocol message informing, this proprietary protocol is the application layer protocol that is carried on TCP/IP or the note.
6. according to the method for claim 1-5 described in each, its feature further is, described bank card system comprises user's bank card, be arranged on the POS machine of trade company, the bank ATM machine, the lobby service terminal, Web bank's terminal, merchant bank's backstage subsystem, issuing bank's backstage subsystem and payment gateway, wherein payment gateway is meant to each commercial bank provides the bank card business of message exchange of bank card inter-bank and clearance service and accepts network, comprise China Unionpay's card network, the VISA network, American Express Card network and Master Card network, bank's backstage subsystem is made up of a plurality of functional units, comprises Database Unit, administrative unit, transaction authentication unit, the cryptographic service unit, telephone bank unit and Web bank unit.
7. according to the method for claim 1-6 described in each, its feature further is, described initial transaction password setting and revise and finish by bank ATM, lobby service terminal, telephone bank or internet banking operation.
8. according to the method for claim 1-7 described in each, its feature is that further described bank card comprises debit card, credit card and the accurate credit card of issued by banks.
9. according to the method for claim 1-8 described in each, its feature further is, described bank card business dealing comprises the account operation that account operation that the account operation of bank card on ATM, account operation that bank card is undertaken by the POS machine, account operation that bank card is undertaken by telephone bank, bank card are undertaken by the lobby service terminal and bank card are undertaken by Web bank, and described account operation comprises account inquiries, deposits and withdraws, transfers accounts, payment, cancellation and modification Password Operations.
10. according to the method for claim 1-9 described in each, its feature is that further bank card system password authentification failure back when finishing each transaction is sent from trend card master mobile phone and reminded or information warning.
11. according to the method for claim 1-10 described in each, its feature further is, described bank card system password authentification failure back when each transaction is sent from trend card master mobile phone and is reminded or the method for information warning may further comprise the steps:
(a) when bank card system find certain be stuck in that when transaction use be a last effective trading password time, send reminding short message to the main mobile phone of card, remind main this card trading password of card to change automatically;
(b) finding repeatedly unsuccessful transaction when bank card system all is that announcement is the when and where information of unsuccessful transaction repeatedly owing to when having used a last effective trading password, send information warning to the main mobile phone of card.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100229169A CN102129740A (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-01-18 | Method for preventing bankcard from being stolen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100229169A CN102129740A (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-01-18 | Method for preventing bankcard from being stolen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102129740A true CN102129740A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
Family
ID=44267811
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010100229169A Pending CN102129740A (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-01-18 | Method for preventing bankcard from being stolen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102129740A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103118325A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-22 | 株式会社三菱东京Ufj银行 | Authentication system, authentication method and authentication server |
| CN103986713A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 天地融科技股份有限公司 | Information interaction method and system and transaction terminal |
| WO2016109997A1 (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-14 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Protection method and apparatus of mobile payment information, and mobile payment system |
| CN106920170A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-04 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Transaction based reminding method and device |
| CN107392615A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-24 | 南京合荣欣业金融软件有限公司 | A kind of implementation method and its device for confirming my execute-in-place |
| TWI680438B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-12-21 | 兆豐國際商業銀行股份有限公司 | Method of monitoring atm and atm using the same |
| US11410165B1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2022-08-09 | Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. | Systems and methods for providing queued credentials for an account |
-
2010
- 2010-01-18 CN CN2010100229169A patent/CN102129740A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103118325A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-22 | 株式会社三菱东京Ufj银行 | Authentication system, authentication method and authentication server |
| CN103986713A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 天地融科技股份有限公司 | Information interaction method and system and transaction terminal |
| CN103986713B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2018-07-17 | 天地融科技股份有限公司 | Information interacting method, system and transaction terminal |
| WO2016109997A1 (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-14 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Protection method and apparatus of mobile payment information, and mobile payment system |
| US11410165B1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2022-08-09 | Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. | Systems and methods for providing queued credentials for an account |
| US11978042B1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2024-05-07 | Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. | Systems and methods for providing queued credentials for an account |
| CN106920170A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-04 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Transaction based reminding method and device |
| CN106920170B (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2021-07-27 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Transaction reminding method and device |
| CN107392615A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-24 | 南京合荣欣业金融软件有限公司 | A kind of implementation method and its device for confirming my execute-in-place |
| TWI680438B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-12-21 | 兆豐國際商業銀行股份有限公司 | Method of monitoring atm and atm using the same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10991062B2 (en) | Secure authorization system | |
| AU2004252925B2 (en) | Transaction verification system | |
| JP3329432B2 (en) | Hierarchical electronic cash execution method and apparatus used therefor | |
| JP3802074B2 (en) | Transaction method with portable identification elements | |
| US8285648B2 (en) | System and method for verifying a user's identity in electronic transactions | |
| AU2010204732B2 (en) | Secure remote authentication through an untrusted network | |
| US20060123465A1 (en) | Method and system of authentication on an open network | |
| WO2016009494A1 (en) | Card settlement terminal and card settlement system | |
| CN102129740A (en) | Method for preventing bankcard from being stolen | |
| CN101599192B (en) | Method for achieving security guard of bank card | |
| US6954740B2 (en) | Action verification system using central verification authority | |
| CN102129743A (en) | System for preventing bank card from being stolen | |
| CN101178822A (en) | Method supporting user verifying legitimacy of bank brushing card terminal equipment | |
| KR20010087564A (en) | User authentification system and the method using personal mobile device | |
| CN102129742A (en) | Method for preventing embezzlement of bank card | |
| WO2007006084A1 (en) | Card processing apparatus and method | |
| CN102129741A (en) | Anti-theft system for bank card | |
| EP1299848A2 (en) | Secure system for conducting electronic transactions and method for use thereof | |
| CN115605900A (en) | Method for ensuring transaction safety of payment card | |
| CN112655008A (en) | System for payment of centre cast digital currency | |
| CN114026587A (en) | System and method for processing payment transaction through blockchain network |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20110720 |