CN102114985A - Bulk loading and unloading method - Google Patents
Bulk loading and unloading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102114985A CN102114985A CN2009102660931A CN200910266093A CN102114985A CN 102114985 A CN102114985 A CN 102114985A CN 2009102660931 A CN2009102660931 A CN 2009102660931A CN 200910266093 A CN200910266093 A CN 200910266093A CN 102114985 A CN102114985 A CN 102114985A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bulk loading and unloading method. The method comprises the following steps: bulk loading: loading goods in bulk in containers at a loading position; information entry: entering information into an information system, wherein, the entered information comprises at least one of goods packing time, the importing country of the goods, the place of origin of the goods, grade of the goods, water content in the goods and other impurity content in the goods which are corresponding to the containers; transportation: transporting the heavy containers to a destination; information reading: reading the entered information and determining an unloading storehouse for unloading the goods in bulk in the heavy containers by virtue of the information system according to the read information; and bulk unloading: hoisting the heavy containers onto a tipping table in the unloading storehouse, and then unloading the goods in bulk in the heavy containers by utilizing the tipping table.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mineral transportation resources, and relate more specifically to a kind of loose discharging method in bulk.
Background technology
The general technology of unloading all is at same category, same specification, there is not subregion to stack the goods that requires, and high value or some ore deposit class need be by importer, the place of production, impurity content, grade, moisture, contain other material situation classify and pile up, in use merge again according to a certain ratio and use.
In addition, the present Transportation Model generally following (referring to Fig. 1) that adopts for copper concentrates: the copper concentrates ship arrives the harbour, refutes to the copper concentrates warehouse (corresponding to the step 1 among Fig. 1,2) by grab bucket automobile weak point; Copper concentrates is picked up by forklift or grab bucket and is put into the open-top car that is covered with woven bag, seals (corresponding to the step 3-4 among Fig. 1) with the redundance covering copper concentrate of woven bag and with plastic film after entrucking finishes; The open-top car pusher that arrives at a station is gone into storehouse (corresponding to the step 5-6 among Fig. 1); Manually pick up copper concentrates with grab bucket and enter pond, different stocks hole (corresponding to the step 7) among Fig. 1; And the cleaning woven bag is (corresponding to the step 8) among Fig. 1.
The open-top car Transportation Model of copper concentrates is because there is following problem in the restriction of transport vehicle and handling mode:
1, the transport power guarantee can not the phase, and transportation is harmonious bad.
Open-top car is not the special-use vehicle of enterprise, and this vehicle is as large low value goods transport, and main each road bureau of vehicle and enterprise's contention situation be more serious, and transport power ensures that power is not strong.For example for the A company smaller situation in warehouse for finished product pond, the production that can only satisfy several days stores, and several cars of dispensing every day cause swell-warehouse in the time of few, and seventy or eighty cars of coming in the time of many cause the entrucking difficulty to strengthen, and time-delay takes unprecedented soaring.Therefore on the whole, the transport power of open-top car transportation is difficult to effective guarantee.
2, goods damage is big.
Loss comprises natural defect and steals and rob the loss that causes.
Because the open-top car of transportation is not own vehicle, the situation of vehicle is very different, even if be with the woven bag protection, spilling in the way leakage also has certain loss.Also having partly loss to unload does not cause only.Forklift or grab bucket are grasped material and are had shedding to a certain degree into the car the time in the entrucking process.Owing to be air storage, the goods damage that situations such as airborne dust, rain drop erosion cause is bigger.
Because copper concentrates value of goods height, the way neutralization is arrived at a station, and to steal the situation of robbing very serious in the back, and open-top car antitheft rob measure and ability very weak, steal to rob and cause very big loss easily.
3, handling efficiency is low.
Per car needs time grab bucket operation and cleaning and the damaged woven bag of manually sorting out in the pit surplus in the of ten, efficient is lower, the fragile rolling stock of grab bucket misoperation happens occasionally, and potential safety hazard artificial and that mechanical mixture operation existence is very big, these factors have reduced the efficient of unloading more, not only increase railway time-delay expense but also cause consequences such as goods is overstocked, an obstruction of standing.
4, environmental pollution is serious.
The import copper concentrates adopts the open-top car shipping at present, be coated with woven bag (disposable use) in the open-top car, grab copper concentrates with forklift or grab bucket and advance open-top car, again the unnecessary part of woven bag being covered copper concentrates transports, after arriving at a station, vehicle is discharged into the pond, hole with picking up copper concentrates, remaining woven bag that produces in grabbing the copper concentrates process and copper concentrates present the hybrid state that powder is arranged in marsupial in the powder, the bag, manually pick out, clean back landfill or burning, cause environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
Be intended to overcome defective and at least one not enough aspect of existing in the prior art and make the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of loose discharging method in bulk, and this method comprises: step in bulk: at charging position that goods is in bulk in freight container; Information typing step: entry information in information system, the information of institute's typing comprise with the cooresponding goods of described freight container vanning time, import of goods state, the goods place of production, goods grade, goods in impurity content, moisture in the goods at least a; Transportation step: the loaded van freight container is transported to the destination; Information read step: read the information of described typing and utilize described information system to be identified for the diffusing storehouse of unloading that unloads the goods in the loaded van freight container according to the information that this reads; Loose and unload step: in the described storehouse of unloading, the loaded van container crane is installed on the tipping table, and utilize tipping table that the goods in the loaded van freight container is loose and unload.Wherein, described goods can be copper concentrates, thereby described freight container can be hard open top container, and the height of described freight container is between 1.4m-1.5m.
Description of drawings
Describe embodiments of the invention in detail by the reference accompanying drawing, it is clearer that the present invention will become, wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown the diagram of circuit of copper concentrates transportation resources of the prior art, shows the process from the crab bucket ship unloading to the hand sweeping, and wherein the # expression goods damage can occur or the process of goods damage risk is arranged; With
Fig. 2 has shown a diagram of circuit of copper concentrates transportation resources according to an embodiment of the invention, shows from the crab bucket ship unloading to the air compressor process of cleaning, and wherein the # expression goods damage can occur or the process of goods damage risk is arranged.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.In specification sheets, same or analogous drawing reference numeral is indicated same or analogous parts.Following explanation to embodiment of the present invention is intended to present general inventive concept of the present invention is made an explanation with reference to accompanying drawing, and not should be understood to a kind of restriction of the present invention.
The present invention relates to a kind of loose discharging method in bulk, this method comprises: step in bulk: at charging position that goods is in bulk in freight container; Information typing step: entry information in information system, the information of institute's typing comprise with the cooresponding goods of described freight container vanning time, import of goods state, the goods place of production, goods grade, goods in moisture, other impurity content in the goods at least a; Transportation step: the loaded van freight container is transported to the destination; Information read step: read the information of described typing and utilize described information system to be identified for the diffusing storehouse of unloading that unloads the goods in the loaded van freight container according to the information that this reads; Loose and unload step: in the described storehouse of unloading, the loaded van container crane is installed on the tipping table, and utilize tipping table that the goods in the loaded van freight container is loose and unload.
Alternatively, described information read step is: read the information of described typing and utilize described information system to be identified for diffusing material hole of unloading the unload storehouse and the storage goods of the goods in the loaded van freight container according to the information that this reads; And described loose unloaded step and is: in the described storehouse of unloading the loaded van container crane is installed on the tipping table, utilize tipping table that the goods in the loaded van freight container is loose and unload, and the utilization belt conveyor goods that unloads that will loose is transported to described material hole.
Alternatively, the case number (CN) of freight container is corresponding with the information of institute's typing, and in the information read step, utilizes the case number (CN) scanner to obtain the information of institute's typing.But, it is pointed out that the special memory storage that can read also can be set on the freight container, be used to store above-mentioned information, like this, can utilize other reading device to obtain above-mentioned information.Reading here can utilize REID.
Alternatively, in step in bulk, thereby utilize grab bucket that goods is caught in the freight container that bleeds in the freight container special funnel, in the leakage material mouth SELF CL of container loading funnel during to the load-carrying of stipulating.
Alternatively, unload in the step, comprise the step of utilizing goods residual in the pressurized air cleaning freight container diffusing.
Alternatively, loose discharging method in bulk according to the present invention transports the step that step places the loaded van freight container container depot stacking as ready before after also being included in step in bulk.
Alternatively, loose discharging method in bulk according to the present invention also is included in to loose to unload before the step loaded van freight container is carried out the step of weighing and in the step of loosing and the empty van freight container being carried out weighing after unloading step.
Alternatively, described loose unloaded step and comprises the step that goods is sampled.
Alternatively, in the transportation step, the loaded van container crane installed on the train sweep and by train transport the loaded van freight container to destination.Loose unload step after, the empty van container crane can be installed to the empty van reset process on the train sweep.Can also the duplicate message read step, loose and unload step, empty van reset process until the loaded van freight container of unsnatching on the train.
After the loaded van freight container on unsnatching train, the empty van freight container can be involved the other goods of shipment.
Adopt above-mentioned loose discharging method in bulk, REID, information system, travelling belt transfer system, Weighing system, sampling system can have been carried out organic fusion, reduced manual intervention as much as possible.For example: import of goods is directly cased behind the harbour, just case number (CN) has been determined a series of information such as importer, content of goods, by in information system, specifying final discharging pit pond, arriving the back adopts REID to obtain case number (CN), and in information system, extract data with this case number (CN), information system specifies the travelling belt transfer system to draw off in a certain outlet, can weigh and sample in this process, thereby reach mechanization, informationization, intelligentized hight coordinate.
Loose to unload to example with copper concentrates in bulk below and describe according to loose discharging method in bulk of the present invention with reference to Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 2, transportation resources according to copper concentrates of the present invention comprises: step in bulk: at charging position that copper concentrates is in bulk in the empty van freight container, wherein said freight container is hard open top container, and the height of described freight container is preferably 1.45m (corresponding to the step 1) among Fig. 2 between 1.4m-1.5m; Information typing step: entry information in information system, the information of institute's typing comprise with the cooresponding copper concentrates of described freight container vanning time, copper concentrates importer, the copper concentrates place of production, copper concentrates grade, copper concentrates in impurity content, moisture, name of vessel in the goods at least a; Transportation step: transport discharge position to (corresponding to the step 3) among Fig. 2 after installing to the loaded van container crane on the train sweep; Information read step: read the information of described typing and utilize described information system to be identified for diffusing unload storehouse and copper concentrates material hole of unloading the copper concentrates in the loaded van freight container according to the information that this reads; Loose and unload step: in the described storehouse of unloading, the loaded van container crane is installed on the tipping table (corresponding to the step 4) among Fig. 2, and utilize tipping table that the goods in the loaded van freight container is loose and unload, and the utilization belt conveyor copper concentrates that unloads that will loose is transported to described copper concentrates material hole (corresponding to the step 5) among Fig. 2.
Port location or other any position that is suitable for loading copper concentrates that charging position in the step in bulk is for example stopped for the copper concentrates ship, the loose packed mode is not limited to use the form of grab bucket.Discharge position in the transportation step for example is in the storehouse of unloading of company or the position of close storehouse, or any other is suitable for diffusing position of unloading copper concentrates.
In step in bulk, can utilize grab bucket that copper concentrates is caught in the freight container that bleeds in the freight container special funnel, each container loading to the regulation load-carrying the time funnel leakage material mouth SELF CL.Like this, in the vanning process, because for example taked the electronics metering outfit, the overload phenomenon of freight container will be effectively controlled.Again, copper concentrates belongs to heavy freight, and density is big, uniform particles, is convenient to flat-top during loading, the unbalance loading phenomenon can not occur.
Unload in the step diffusing, can utilize remaining copper concentrate in the pressurized air cleaning freight container.
The loaded van freight container can be placed container depot to stack as ready before after step in bulk, transporting step.
In the step of loosing and the loaded van freight container to be carried out the step of weighing before unloading step and to loose and the empty van freight container is being carried out weighing after unloading step.Described loose unloaded step and can comprise the step that goods is sampled.
Loose unload step after, can carry out that the empty van container crane is installed to empty van reset process on the train sweep.Can also the duplicate message read step, loose and unload step, empty van reset process until the loaded van freight container of unsnatching on the train.Afterwards, the empty van freight container can be involved the shipment copper material.
The half high hard open top container that uses among the present invention is described below.
Half high hard open top container possesses that theftproof performance is good, loading and unloading operation is easy, store up plurality of advantages such as floor area is little, be applicable to the transportation of large high value bulk goods, and copper concentrates density big, be worth high, to be dealt into station and freight traffic direction stable be the source of goods of the suitableeest case of open top container.
The size of this freight container and weight exemplarily are: outside length and width height is respectively 6058mm, 2438mm, 1450mm; Inner length and width height is respectively 5875mm, 2332mm, 1201mm, thereby volume is 16.45m
3Gross weight, deadweight, load-carrying are respectively 30480kg, 2630kg, 27850kg.
Described freight container comprises top cover, but the top cover complete opening of this freight container also can be provided with opening on top cover, is convenient to loading.When having the end door to be convenient to unload, one end of this freight container tumbles the self-unloading in bulk of similar present automobile.The below of described top cover is provided with the anti-sidesway stop frame that protrudes and be suitable for cooperating with the freight container tank wall to internal container, the heavily about 500kg of described top cover.Described freight container also can comprise described top cover is fixed to a plurality of closed lock on the freight container tank wall.Manpower can't lever up and mobile top cover, even if guarantee to be opened by force at anti-theft column lock that back header also can only extract upward and can't sway, and the theftproof performance excellence, this also can ensure that conscientiously top cover is not subjected to displacement in transit.For mechanical work, top cover is in light weight simultaneously, and common fork truck gets final product operation.
Top cover can be built high the stacking.Half height container case height is less than 1.5 meters, and is more much lower than 2.6 meters in common overall height freight container.
In addition,, can bear in the train operation way and the effect of the various power of vehicle technology operation generation, meet the requirement that train progressively improves running velocity because partly high hard open top container center of gravity is low.Press articulated car apart from rail rail level 1250mm, the high 730mm of vehicle's center of gravity, 22 tons of dead weight of vehicles, loaded van center of gravity 725mm measuring and calculating, the center of gravity for car loaded height is 1641mm only, is significantly less than train and normally moves the requirement that the center of gravity for car loaded height is no more than 2000mm.
Half high hard open top container has water tightness, can guarantee that leakage situation can not take place to pollute and spill in transportation goods.
In a word, use half high hard open top container to replace open-top car shipment copper concentrates, can be achieved as follows advantage:
1, goods damage is little.For example, container body is more much better than than open-top car leak tightness, does not have the goods damage that causes because of leakage because of in transit substantially.Again, freight container opens the door to opening the door the termination, on two freight container end door opposite end door models are loaded at the bottom of the car, if at the bottom of not having the lifting facility that casing is hung car, just can't open chamber door, unless the strong destruction casing, otherwise can not be stolen, thereby reduced because steal the goods damage that causes.Because of freight container is special case special use, also be that the circulation roping is not loss even if a little clear clean goods is arranged, and that open-top car is a system-wide is shared, be exactly goods damage if do not clean clean goods.
2, improve in bulk loosing and unloaded efficient.
3, the transport power supportability is strong.Freight container is as providing stability and the chronicity that case can ensure transportation for oneself.
4, utilize freight container to maximally utilise a station resource.Freight container has determined freight container can use enterprise's storehouse use as with the loading and unloading pattern that case changes case, has saved a large amount of open a position cost and the capacity pressure of enterprise with case for the storehouse.In addition, general overall height freight container loaded van hangs 4 case height of heap Gao Keda (4 overall height casees are high promptly 10.4 meters) with the front, and the half height container of storing up among the present invention can be stored up 7 case height, stores up 190 tons of goods, and area occupied has only 14m
2, average storage capacity rate can reach 13 tons/m
2, be more than 3 times of storage capacity rate without the diffusing heap goods of Forklift, be more than 10 times of packed goods storage capacity rate, utilized limited field, station resource to greatest extent.
5, because freight container traffic need not used woven bag, simultaneously no leak, pollution-free, environmental-protecting performance is good, has significant facilitation for cleaner production.
2 is that in bulk the loosing of example explanation copper concentrates according to the present invention unloaded flow process with A company with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The pallet loading copper concentrates operates in the following ways, the back grab bucket of beaching is caught goods in the half high hard open top container that bleeds in the freight container special funnel, there is truck scale the automobile below of back of the body case, the leakage material mouth of this truck scale and funnel is an interlock, when every case cargo loading to 27 tons of load-carrying hourglass material mouths of regulation with SELF CL, promptly unload a ship, entrucking, weigh and once finish.Case number (CN) scanner work this moment scans case number (CN) and writes down data such as vanning time, name of vessel, importer, grade, moisture content and is sent to electronic logistics information platform data bank.
Case has been adorned the back loaded van and has been entered container depot stacking ready for delivery, when deciding class's train to the driving point container crane is mail to A company by railway to sweep.The staff can login the relevant shipping data of logistic information systems typing.
Before this special train fixed point arrived A company, A company operating personal can rely on account number cipher login logistic information systems, learn all related datas, and A company operating personal is determined input database behind the unload storehouse and the pond, hole of certain case.
Train arrives the back and crosses the loaded vehicle pound, shift the freight container row onto the warehouse doorway, row is sling freight container to tipping table, and tipping table is provided with pound, cross loaded van and empty van total amount with right with the vanning anharmonic ratio, case number (CN) scanner scanning case number (CN) and with data bank in compare about the pond, purpose hole of unloading.Goods enters the endless belt machine outside the storehouse through tipping table, and data bank specifies the discharge port of the top, pond, hole of unloading of this goods to open, and goods enters correct pond, hole automatically.The copper concentrates cleaning that the back adopts pressurized air will be attached on a small quantity on the tank wall that finishes of unloading is clean, and gauntry crane hangs play empty van, changes on the loaded van tipping table and unloads, build in the warehouse the car machine of refuting constantly with train to front haulage, until unsnatching all freight containers.
Locomotive involved weight when empty with the permutation empty container, needed the freight container of dress copper material to transport vanning place to, changed the freight container box that heavily will install copper material shipping to the sweep with sky.The freight container emptying of need emptying is gone back to the port and is entered next shipping circulation.
Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 2, as can be seen, cooresponding link (is not stacked if do not enter the stockyard by 8 among Fig. 16 of being reduced among Fig. 2, then be 5 links), relate to the goods damage link by 5 among Fig. 11 of being reduced among Fig. 2, need the link of manual intervention not have substantially in Fig. 2, it is simple relatively that manual working will become, just work such as switch chamber door, knock-out.
The following describes the transportation resources of adopting of the present invention half high hard open top container loading and unloading copper concentrates benefit calculation (being example still) with A company with respect to the transportation resources of the copper concentrates of open-top car loading and unloading in the past
The benefit calculation of a railway operation aspect:
Transportation Model for open-top car loading and unloading copper concentrates of the prior art:
From the vehicle stopping time, the open-top car entrucking and unload must be on railway online carrying out, the open-top car stopping time increases with shunt marshalling complexity, loading and unloading operation difficulty and production time.For example, A company open-top car is unloaded and must be carried out in the storehouse at present, Ku Neiyue can bicycle parking 20 surplus, permutation 55 cars/row open-top car arrives to separate weaves into the 2-3 hook, separate volume, deliver to the warehouse, the grab bucket discharging, clean, pick up foreign material, compile the open-top car work pattern of permutation, emptying again according to present permutation, become train of vehicles to need at least more than 40 hours in the loading-unloading vehicle time of harbour and A company.
In addition, press A company work pattern of the prior art, driving is grabbed bucket at car unloading operation and joined between the operation of ore deposit in the storehouse conflict, the same time can only ensure that an operation is required, join the ore deposit and guarantee that production is top priority, the time of unloading will prolong so, and it is many more to wait to unload vehicle, and this situation occurs frequent more.A company has 3 copper concentrates storehouses now, if have greater than 20 cars and need enter same storehouse, then need to be divided into the operation of a few hook straight-though arrangement formula, the second hook vehicle must be waited until that the first hook vehicle unloads fully and can advance the storehouse unloading after finishing so, stopping time increases straight line, to substantially exceed 40 hours scheduled time, the loadingunloading time is much higher than the set permutation of the Ministry of Railways one and adorns and adorned one in 12 hours, one and unload and add up to 24 hours regulation, exceeds part and will be collected huge time-delay expense (being vehicle extension usage charges).
Even it is not crucial producing the time-delay expense, crucial is: according to the railway loading and unloading capacity of A company, total amount will be above 5,000,000 tons, need operation loaded vehicle 250 cars every day, cooresponding empty wagons quantity also is 250 cars, add up to operation 500 cars, press the per car operation and calculate for 6 times, actual job intensity will be up to 3000 train number/skies.In case unload slowly, to cause prolonging after all railway transportation work all, if handle untimely, not only the road bureau aspect is difficult to explain and the cumulative A company railway special line state that paralyses that causes the most at last of vehicle, and the situation that this private siding blocks will be brought several direct results: the one, and the time-delay expense is index soaring (expenses standard of time-delay expense is that long more rate of stopping time is doubled increase); The 2nd, road bureau forces A company to stop adorning to rob to unload, and the difficulty of unloading of copper concentrates will have a strong impact on the product shipping again finally influences production and selling; The 3rd, cause the private siding circuit all to be expired, do not have enough shunting service lines just can't normally fetch and deliver car and shunting service by the vehicle pressure.
Utilize the Transportation Model of half high hard open top container loading and unloading copper concentrates for the present invention:
The car unloading operation of half high hard open top container is owing to be the Fully-mechanized operation of tumbling, unsnatch 55 of row/row freight container only 3-4 consuming time hour, the container operation of dress copper material carried out in the non-railway operation time period, treat that the railway sweep arrives the required case of doing that just case on the sweep and stockyard is landed in back and exchanges and get final product, the compression time of unloading has not only been saved huge time-delay expense, the more important thing is and guaranteed the unobstructed of A company private siding, the disadvantage of avoiding the open-top car transportation mode to bring has ensured production and selling.
The advantage of half high hard open top container transportation copper concentrates is very obvious, and to be that special-purpose transport resource compares to the public resource supportability of open-top car much better than for freight container aspect wagon flow; Shipping after freight container can be cased earlier aspect entrucking can avoid storing up loss for the storehouse with case; After directly tumbling, the aspect of unloading freight container enters the grab bucket operation fast several times of pond, different hole than open-top car with the belt feeder transmission; Freight container goods damage risk link is few aspect goods damage, control is easy, according to applicant's long period transportation bulk goods situation, adopt the loss of freight container traffic bulk freight approximately to have only about 5% of common open-top car, if specially case special use, the actual loss that produces is lower; Aspect railway operation, the freight container vehicle takies the stopping time and is better than open-top car greatly.
In general, after the artificial loading and unloading of artificial/half of adopting freight container traffic, mechanization to substitute, the private siding handling capacity will improve more than 3 times, that is to say, transport copper concentrates and transport on 2,500,000 tons of bases of copper material product annual traffic (disregard sulfuric acid etc. provide for oneself tank car transportation) at present A company private siding, maximum throughput can expand 7,500,000 tons to after using freight container, substantially exceed the required transport power of present A company, leave very big development space, this point all will play positive impetus to raw produce logistics, the producing and selling every aspect of A company.
In the Transportation Model of half high hard open top container loading and unloading copper concentrates, employing is changed the loading and unloading of case mechanization pattern with case, utilize the loading and unloading pattern of open-top car that the different of essence are arranged with present A company, if Plant in good condition, the permutation freight container can not produce any time-delay expense, the while locomotive takies, track occupied is significantly saved, thereby A company can save at least 1,000 ten thousand yuan of correlative chargess (comprising time-delay expense, locomotive usage charges, track occupied cost, integrated management cost etc.) every year.
The calculating that the b loss is saved
Transportation Model for open-top car loading and unloading copper concentrates of the prior art:
Open-top car is because there is following several goods damage risk point in the special-purpose vehicle of right and wrong: 1, unload a ship, store up, the entrucking link is too much, half open-air or air storage causes airborne dust, water logging, it is serious to shed loss; 2, vehicle condition is bad, and the car door of open-top car is without any sealing arrangement, around the very big and car body in slit a lot of wickets is arranged, and runs into the bad open-top car of vehicle condition in entrucking and transportation, and car body can be worn the woven bag hook, sheds in the way; 3, unload unclean because open-top car is non-special vehicle, if unload cleaning not only then in fact these goods are exactly to lose.
Utilize the Transportation Model of half high hard open top container loading and unloading copper concentrates for the present invention:
Transportation Model of the present invention for adopt the inlet of directly unloading a ship, with case hermetically sealed storehouse of generation, chamber door has rubber weather strip leakproof, waterproof, because the specificity of freight container, even if a little ore deposit not cleaning is clean, can not lose yet, but be many round trips, therefore there is not the goods damage risk point in freight container traffic in theory, and its theoretic loss is zero.
According to copper valency difference, the copper concentrates price change is very fast, by about 20,000 yuans of value per ton, A company need transport about 2,000,000 tons of copper concentrates every year, according to A intra-company transportation lowest loss index is 0.4%, and tentative loss 0.6% is calculated, every year only loss just up to 12000 tons, be worth about 2.4 hundred million yuan of Renminbi, 120 yuans of the equal losses of ton.
At present the Chinese government does not formulate major bulks transportation, loading and unloading, the laws and regulations of metering loss such as copper mine, iron ore as yet, and what this type of loss can reference is " Agreement Concerning International Carriage of Goods by Rail " and the relevant international practice that the Chinese government participates in.Because the double properties that the international treaties that Chinese government's approval is participated in have jus gentium and domestic law.The rationally fair consumption standard of the major bulks that comprises copper mine, iron ore of its regulation in international transport is binding to China enterprise." Agreement Concerning International Carriage of Goods by Rail " definite concrete wastage rate are: transport each 1%; Load and unload each 0.3%; According to an international practice, the fair consumption of mass freight metering is 0.5% between the last player whose turn comes next, calculate in copper concentrates transportation the composite loss rate 2.4% by this international practice, be higher than far away A company set 0.4%, if the international standard wastage rate according to 2.4% are calculated, 48000 tons of annual loss copper concentratess, 9.6 hundred million yuan of annual losses, ton all loses 480 yuans.Deducibility is only transported loss bound per ton at present between 120-480 yuan thus.
That is to say that year loss lower limit is about 24,000 ten thousand yuan at present, calculate by 80%, can save 19,200 ten thousand yuan of losses every year even if freight container is saved loss.
C saves and steals the calculating of robbing loss
Open-top car loads and unloads in the Transportation Model of copper concentrates, and steal and rob loss temporarily by annual 2000000 tons 4/10000ths calculating of transporting copper concentrates, annual stolen about 800 tons of the loss of robbing, 1,600 ten thousand yuan of Renminbi are amounted in loss.
If adopt the Transportation Model of half high hard open top container loading and unloading copper concentrates, steal and rob and can stop substantially, calculate according to 80% of this amount, can save every year to steal and rob 1,280 ten thousand yuan of losses.
The d calculating that cost of labor is saved of unloading
In the Transportation Model of the copper concentrates of open-top car loading and unloading at present, unload and adopt the grab bucket operation, need manually pick brokenly woven bag under it, also need the hand sweeping casing, each teams and groups needs to operate about 20 people;
Utilize the Transportation Model of half high hard open top container loading and unloading copper concentrates, freight container is unloaded only needs two people, only need be responsible for opening the door and the knock-out operation, and all the other operation full automaticitys are finished, and need not to intervene in the worker.Even if surplus per ton is by 2 yuan, save 4,000,000 yuan the whole year.
Although also it is pointed out that and above-mentionedly loose with in bulk that to unload copper concentrates be example,, goods can include but not limited to copper concentrates, iron ore, manganese ore, barite etc.
The present invention has been described with reference to one exemplary embodiment.But, apparent, those skilled in the art can obviously draw modification and the change that plurality of optional is selected under the instruction of foregoing description.Thereby the present invention comprises all selectable modification and the changes within the spirit and scope that fall into claims.
Claims (17)
1. loose discharging method in bulk comprises:
Step in bulk: goods is in bulk in freight container at charging position;
Information typing step: entry information in information system, the information of institute's typing comprise with the cooresponding goods of described freight container vanning time, import of goods state, the goods place of production, goods grade, goods in moisture, other impurity content in the goods at least a;
Transportation step: the loaded van freight container is transported to the destination;
Information read step: read the information of described typing and utilize information system to be identified for the diffusing storehouse of unloading that unloads the goods in the loaded van freight container according to the information that this reads;
Loose and unload step: in the described storehouse of unloading, the loaded van container crane is installed on the tipping table, and utilize tipping table that the goods in the loaded van freight container is loose and unload.
2. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1, wherein:
Described information read step is: read the information of described typing and utilize information system to be identified for diffusing material hole of unloading the unload storehouse and the storage goods of the goods in the loaded van freight container according to the information that this reads; And
Described loose unloaded step and is: in the described storehouse of unloading the loaded van container crane is installed on the tipping table, utilize tipping table that the goods in the loaded van freight container is loose and unload, and the utilization belt conveyor goods that unloads that will loose is transported to described material hole.
3. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1, wherein:
The case number (CN) of freight container is corresponding with the information of institute's typing, and
In the information read step, utilize the case number (CN) scanner to obtain the information of institute's typing.
4. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 2, wherein:
The case number (CN) of freight container is corresponding with the information of institute's typing, and
In the information read step, utilize the case number (CN) scanner to obtain the information of institute's typing.
5. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1, wherein:
In step in bulk, thereby utilize grab bucket that goods is caught in the freight container that bleeds in the freight container special funnel, in the leakage material mouth SELF CL of container loading funnel during to the load-carrying of stipulating.
6. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1, wherein:
Unload in the step diffusing, comprise the step of utilizing goods residual in the pressurized air cleaning freight container.
7. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1 also comprises:
Place container depot to stack the step of as ready in the loaded van freight container before after step in bulk, transporting step.
8. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1 also comprises:
In the step of loosing and the loaded van freight container to be carried out the step of weighing before unloading step and to loose and the empty van freight container is being carried out weighing after unloading step.
9. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1, wherein:
Described loose unloaded step and comprises the step that goods is sampled.
10. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 1, wherein:
In the transportation step, the loaded van container crane installed on the train sweep and by train transport the loaded van freight container to destination.
11. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 10 also comprises:
Loose unload step after, the empty van container crane is installed to empty van reset process on the train sweep.
12. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 11 also comprises:
The duplicate message read step, loose and to unload step, empty van reset process until the loaded van freight container of unsnatching on the train.
13. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 12 also comprises:
The empty van freight container is involved the other goods of shipment.
14. according to each described loose discharging method in bulk among the claim 1-13, wherein:
Described goods is a copper concentrates, and described freight container is for driving a freight container firmly, and the height of described freight container is between 1.4m-1.5m.
15. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 14, wherein said freight container comprises top cover, and the below of described top cover is provided with the anti-sidesway stop frame that protrudes and be suitable for cooperating with the freight container tank wall to internal container, the heavily about 500kg of described top cover.
16. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 15, wherein said freight container comprise described top cover is fixed to a plurality of closed lock on the freight container tank wall.
17. loose discharging method in bulk according to claim 16, the height of wherein said freight container are 1.45m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102660931A CN102114985A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Bulk loading and unloading method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102660931A CN102114985A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Bulk loading and unloading method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102114985A true CN102114985A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102660931A Pending CN102114985A (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Bulk loading and unloading method |
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| CN (1) | CN102114985A (en) |
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Application publication date: 20110706 |