CN102110071B - Virtual machine cluster system and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual machine cluster system and an implementation method thereof for overcoming the defect of high cost of the conventional cluster system. The virtual machine cluster system is constructed on a plurality of physical servers, a virtual machine is operated on the physical servers to provide a plurality of virtual computing nodes, and the virtual computing nodes are divided into a management node and a plurality of computing nodes, wherein the management node is used for creating a management library to record the host names and the dynamic internet protocol (IP) addresses of the computing nodes and managing the whole virtual machine cluster system according to the host names and the dynamic IP addresses; and the computing nodes are used for completing the computing tasks of the virtual machine cluster system. According to the technical scheme, the cluster system is constructed by using the virtual machine, so the usage quantity of the physical servers is reduced, and the cost of the cluster system is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer application field, relate in particular to a kind of virtual machine cluster system and its implementation.
Background technology
Computer cluster is to couple together the height close cooperation by one group of loose integrated computer software or hardware to finish the computing system of evaluation work.The high availability cluster of group system generally refers to have in the group system in the situation of certain node failure, and task of operation meeting Autonomic Migration Framework is to nodes of other normal operations on it, and this transition process does not affect the operation of whole group system.
The hardware composition of traditional group system generally comprises server group and shared storage device.The server group generally comprises a plurality of server nodes, needs unified installing operating system and clustered software program; Shared storage device is used for guaranteeing data's consistency between each server node.In addition, in order to guarantee the high availability of group system, generally adopt the mode of redundancy backup, such station server just needs an alternate device, perhaps prepares many alternate devices (being referred to as many standby) for every station server.These alternate devices also are to cause one of high reason of whole group system cost.
Along with the development of science and technology, the demand of small-scale group system also progressively increases, and needs group system to finish high-performance calculation, but need also to have determined on a small scale the financial cost of the whole group system of reduce.So the sky high cost of group system has become one of obstacle that affects the group system development.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that a kind of virtual machine cluster system need to be provided, to overcome current group system defective with high costs.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of virtual machine cluster system, this virtual machine cluster system is structured on a plurality of physical servers, move virtual machines so that a plurality of virtual computing nodes to be provided at those physical servers, those virtual computing nodes are divided into a management node and a plurality of computing node, wherein:
This management node is used for creating host name and the dynamic IP addressing of a management holder to record each computing node, according to those host name and dynamic IP addressing, whole virtual machine cluster system is managed;
Those computing nodes are for the calculation task of finishing this virtual machine cluster system.
Preferably, those physical servers provide the disk mirroring of virtual machine for the Copy on write form that adopts Qemu.
Preferably, this management node comprises:
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server is for the dynamic distribution that carries out this dynamic IP addressing;
Name server is used for finishing domain name mapping;
Network file system server is used for this disk mirroring is shared.
Preferably, this management node comprises:
Expansion servers, the physical server that is used for newly accessing this virtual machine cluster system is configured to move the physical server of computing node.
Preferably, those physical servers are used for using the network file system(NFS) shared disk.
Preferably, setting up between this management node and those computing nodes has heartbeat to be connected, and this management node regularly sends heartbeat signal to those computing nodes, and the computing node of not receiving the heartbeat feedback is carried out virtual machine (vm) migration operates.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of implementation method of virtual machine cluster system, this virtual machine cluster system is structured on a plurality of physical servers, move virtual machines so that a plurality of virtual computing nodes to be provided at those physical servers, those virtual computing nodes are divided into a management node and a plurality of computing node, wherein:
Create host name and the dynamic IP addressing of a management holder to record each computing node at this management node, and according to those host name and dynamic IP addressing whole virtual machine cluster system is managed;
Wherein, those computing nodes are used for finishing the calculation task of this virtual machine cluster system.
Preferably, those physical servers adopt the Copy on write form of Qemu that the disk mirroring of virtual machine is provided.
Preferably, those physical servers use the network file system(NFS) shared disk.
Preferably, setting up heartbeat between this management node and those computing nodes is connected.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention adopts virtual machine to build group system, has reduced the usage quantity of physical server, has reduced the cost of group system.Technical scheme of the present invention connects the health status that can monitor virtual machine by heartbeat, starts the dynamic migration of virtual machine in good time, has guaranteed running without interruption of virtual in-fight service, has reached the high availability of whole virtual machine cluster system.Technical scheme of the present invention is finished the administration configuration work of group system by management node, be responsible for calculation task by computing node, such framework can not need to restart dynamic appending computing node under the prerequisite of system, the time whole virtual machine cluster system have enhanced scalability.In addition, in the technical scheme of the present invention, all virtual machines all adopt the mode of shared disk mirror image, greatly reduce the storage space of computing node, and the shared data storage of the mode of using NFS, need not to use separately shared storage device, further reduced the cost of whole virtual machine cluster system.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly from instructions, become apparent, perhaps understand by implementing the present invention.Purpose of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by specifically noted structure in instructions, claims and accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide the further understanding to technical solution of the present invention, and consists of the part of instructions, is used for together with embodiments of the present invention explaining technical scheme of the present invention not consisting of the restriction to technical solution of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the composition synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one virtual machine cluster system;
Fig. 2 uses KVM to carry out virtualized system view in the embodiment of the invention one.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to drawings and Examples, how the application technology means solve technical matters to the present invention whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can fully understand and implements according to this.
At first, if do not conflict, the mutually combining of each feature among the embodiment of the invention and the embodiment is all within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, can in the computer system such as one group of computer executable instructions, carry out in the step shown in the process flow diagram of accompanying drawing, and, although there is shown logical order in flow process, but in some cases, can carry out step shown or that describe with the order that is different from herein.
Along with the development of Intel Virtualization Technology, on a station server, to move simultaneously a plurality of operating systems and become a reality, the hardware virtualization technology allows the performance of virtual machine reach level near host performance especially.Use Intel Virtualization Technology, originally need tens even the group system that just can build of multiserver more, only may only need now half even server still less just can realize, and the overall development of Intel Virtualization Technology also provide technique guarantee for guaranteeing that whole group system height is available with enhanced scalability.
Embodiment one, virtual machine cluster system
Fig. 1 is the composition synoptic diagram of present embodiment one.As shown in Figure 1, the virtual machine cluster system of present embodiment is structured on a plurality of physical servers 120 and (can conducts interviews by network on common physical machine 110), the present invention is referred to as virtualization services supplier (Virtualization Service Provider with those physical servers, VSP), move virtual machines so that a plurality of virtual computing nodes (Virtual Computer Node to be provided at those physical servers, VCN) 130, those virtual computing nodes are divided into 150 two kinds of management node 140 and computing nodes, the quantity of management node 140 is one, all the other are computing node 150 to those virtual computing nodes except management node 140, wherein:
In the present embodiment, the structure of physical server (being VSP) 120 as shown in Figure 2, it adopts hardware virtualization technology (Kernel based Virtual Machine, KVM), by loading kernel, in system, create a special character device/dev/kvm, communicate by letter with the device model of user's attitude with this.By this equipment, so that the address space of Client OS is independent of kernel or running other the address space of Client OS.And by introducing a client mode, so that client computer has the private address space of oneself, mapping when instantiation Client OS (Guest OS) realizes the mapping of client address in this private address space.Load after the KVM, just can start Client OS at user's space, that is to say providing of virtualization services has been provided.Need to prove, in system, create a special character device/dev/kvm and adopt prior art can realize that the present invention does not do concrete restriction to this.
Fig. 2 is for using KVM to carry out virtualized system view, the hardware platform (hardware) of bottom is can the virtualized hardware platform of support hardware, be the operating system (OS) of a Linux above the hardware platform at this, it has comprised a virtual machine monitor hypervisor.Client OS (also being Guest OS) can be moved at such one above the platform, the application program identical with the normal operations system can be moved in Guest OS the inside.Need to prove that it is that the present invention does not elaborate to this to the briefly introducing of prior art that use KVM shown in Figure 2 carries out virtualized technology contents.
In addition, group system of the prior art all is by additionally realizing that with shared storage device all physical servers use unified storage space.In virtual machine cluster system of the present invention, physical server 120 is used for coming shared disk with the mode of NFS.NFS is a kind of distributed file system, allows local computer to use the equipment of the computing machine on the network as using local device, only needs the computer equipment on the network is mounted on the local system to get final product.So only need to place disk mirroring at a VSP, other VSP does not need very large disk space, has so not only reduced shared storage device, and has reduced the size of needed storage space, has reached the purpose that reduces the group system cost.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, can set up heartbeat between management node 140 and the computing node 150 is connected, management node 140 regularly sends heartbeat signal to all computing nodes 150, receive computing node 150 corresponding heartbeat feedbacks, expression computing node 150 is in active or normal condition.If management node 140 is not received the heartbeat feedback of computing node 150, can think that then corresponding computing node 150 is in abnomal condition (such as fault state or deadlock state etc.), such state may be because the fault of VSP or the fault of itself cause, start the virtual machine (vm) migration operation this moment, computing node is moved to continue operation above the VSP that is in normal condition.So just guaranteed the highly reliable operation of whole system.So, the high availability of whole virtual machine cluster system is guaranteed by the dynamic migration of virtual machine.
Owing to the public disk mirroring of all computing nodes, therefore can not adopt the mode of static IP, because static IP can write disk mirroring with the IP address.So, this management node 140 comprises DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, DHCP) server, name server (Domain Name Server, DNS) and network file system(NFS) (Network File System, NFS) server, wherein:
This Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server is for the dynamic distribution that carries out the IP address;
This dns server is used for finishing domain name mapping;
This nfs server is used for disk mirroring is shared to each VSP, and these disk mirrorings are set to a reading mode, and each computing node adopts snapshot mode to visit disk mirroring.
Can also comprise expansion servers on this management node 140, wherein this expansion servers is configured to move the VSP of computing node for the physical server that will newly access this virtual machine cluster system.This management mode is the scale of EVM(extended virtual machine) group system easily, and the physical server that only needs will be newly to add is configured to move the VSP of computing node, carries out suitable configuration again and gets final product.Add the operation of computing node at management node 140, it is joined in the middle of the whole cluster computing system, in this process, need not to restart virtual machine cluster system or management node 140, just can realize newly adding the dynamic appending of physical server.
The implementation method of embodiment two, virtual machine cluster system
In conjunction with virtual machine cluster system shown in Figure 1 and explanation thereof, present embodiment is realized this virtual machine cluster system, it is structured on a plurality of physical servers, move virtual machines so that a plurality of virtual computing nodes to be provided at those physical servers, those virtual computing nodes are divided into a management node and a plurality of computing node, wherein:
Create host name and the dynamic IP addressing of a management holder to record each computing node at this management node, and according to those host name and dynamic IP addressing whole virtual machine cluster system is managed;
Wherein, those computing nodes are used for finishing the calculation task of this virtual machine cluster system.
Wherein, those physical servers adopt the Copy on write form of Qemu that the disk mirroring of virtual machine is provided.
Wherein, those physical servers use the network file system(NFS) shared disk.
Wherein, setting up heartbeat between this management node and those computing nodes is connected.
This implementation method of the virtual machine cluster system that present embodiment provides, the technical scheme that please refer to the virtual machine cluster system that previous embodiment one provides is understood.
Traditional group system is all set up by physical server and shared storage, and these equipment all are need to very expensive input.Technical scheme of the present invention is built group system with virtual machine, not only reduced the quantity of physical server, improved the utilization factor of physical server, but also can utilize virtual machine technique to improve availability and the extendability of group system, when significantly reducing cost, also can reach the purpose of group system high-performance calculation.
In technical scheme of the present invention, utilize the dynamic migration technology of virtual machine to realize the high availability of group system.The virtual machine dynamic migration namely is that the service that moves in virtual machine can not produce interruption in the process of migration of virtual machine.The virtual machine dynamic migration is the mode transfer of virtual machine internal storage state that adopts the iteration copy, with virtual machine (perhaps computing node) dynamic migration that breaks down or be in other abnormal operating states to other above VSP, guarantee the continuity of service, realized the high availability of group system.
Technical scheme of the present invention adopts the building form of a management node and a plurality of computing nodes, has made things convenient for the dynamic expansion of group system.If need to expand the scale of group system, only need to add corresponding physical server, and set up computing node thereon, then maintain configuration information on management node, the physical server that newly adds can be expanded in the existing group system, and do not need to restart group system or management node, can improve fast the computing power of group system, and calculated performance is the growth that is close to linearity along with the increase of physical server quantity.
Technical solution of the present invention has been saved the cost of alternate device so that the high availability of the group system that the present invention proposes does not need to prepare extra alternate device.All virtual machines of the group system of the present invention's proposition adopt the mode of sharing mirror image in addition, greatly reduce demand and the use of storage space.In addition, group system provided by the invention is come the shared disk space by the mode of NFS, does not need to buy separately in addition shared storage device, has reduced the cost of storage space.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that, each ingredient of above-mentioned system embodiment of the present invention or each step of embodiment of the method can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in the memory storage and be carried out by calculation element, perhaps they are made into respectively each integrated circuit modules, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step are made into the single integrated circuit module and realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
Although the disclosed embodiment of the present invention as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention is not to limit the present invention.Technician in any the technical field of the invention; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the disclosed spirit and scope of the present invention; can do any modification and variation in the details that reaches of implementing in form; but scope of patent protection of the present invention still must be as the criterion with the scope that appending claims was defined.
Claims (9)
1. virtual machine cluster system, it is characterized in that, this virtual machine cluster system is structured on a plurality of physical servers, move virtual machines so that a plurality of virtual computing nodes to be provided at those physical servers, those virtual computing nodes are divided into a management node and a plurality of computing node, virtual computing nodes all in the whole virtual machine cluster system all use same disk mirroring, wherein:
This management node is used for creating host name and the dynamic IP addressing of a management holder to record each computing node, according to those host name and dynamic IP addressing, whole virtual machine cluster system is managed; This management node comprises expansion servers, and this expansion servers is configured to move the virtualization services supplier VSP of computing node for the physical server that will newly access this virtual machine cluster system;
Those computing nodes are for the calculation task of finishing this virtual machine cluster system.
2. virtual machine cluster system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Those physical servers provide the disk mirroring of virtual machine for the Copy on write form that adopts Qemu.
3. virtual machine cluster system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, this management node also comprises:
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server is for the dynamic distribution that carries out this dynamic IP addressing;
Name server is used for finishing domain name mapping;
Network file system server is used for this disk mirroring is shared.
4. virtual machine cluster system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Those physical servers are used for using the network file system(NFS) shared disk.
5. virtual machine cluster system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Setting up between this management node and those computing nodes has heartbeat to be connected, and this management node regularly sends heartbeat signal to those computing nodes, and the computing node of not receiving the heartbeat feedback is carried out virtual machine (vm) migration operates.
6. the implementation method of a virtual machine cluster system, it is characterized in that, this virtual machine cluster system is structured on a plurality of physical servers, move virtual machines so that a plurality of virtual computing nodes to be provided at those physical servers, those virtual computing nodes are divided into a management node and a plurality of computing node, virtual computing nodes all in the whole virtual machine cluster system all use same disk mirroring, wherein:
Create host name and the dynamic IP addressing of a management holder to record each computing node at this management node, and according to those host name and dynamic IP addressing whole virtual machine cluster system is managed; The physical server that the expansion servers of this management node will newly access this virtual machine cluster system is configured to move the virtualization services supplier VSP of computing node;
Wherein, those computing nodes are used for finishing the calculation task of this virtual machine cluster system.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Those physical servers adopt the Copy on write form of Qemu that the disk mirroring of virtual machine is provided.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Those physical servers use the network file system(NFS) shared disk.
9. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Setting up heartbeat between this management node and those computing nodes is connected.
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