CN102065575A - Method for constructing mesh and star hybrid topological wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4 - Google Patents
Method for constructing mesh and star hybrid topological wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing a mesh and star hybrid topological wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4, which comprises the following steps of: constructing a mesh and star hybrid topological structure; establishing an IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless sensor network communication protocol stack model; defining an IEEE 802.15.4-based superframe structure; defining an addition request primitive, an addition indication primitive, an addition response primitive and an addition verification primitive of an IEEE 802.15.4-based network layer; defining an addition request command packet format and an addition response command packet format of the IEEE 802.15.4-based network layer; and realizing the process of adding nodes into the network based on the superframe structure, an addition primitive and command frames of a medium access control layer in conventional IEEE 802.15.4, and the addition primitive and command packets of the network layer. The method provided by the invention simplifies a network structure, reduces difficulties in maintenance and management, improves the flexibility of a system by a star structure, improves the reliability of the network, fully utilizes the advantages of IEEE 802.15.4 and meets the compatibility of the system and the requirements of industrial application by utilizing a mesh structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless communication network technology, specifically describing is a kind of netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method based on IEEE 802.15.4.
Background technology
The mankind entered since 21st century, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (Micro-Electro-Mechanism System, MEMS), computer, communication, a kind of novel measurement and control network has been bred in the develop rapidly of subject such as control and artificial intelligence automatically---wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network, WSN).
Wireless sensor network has intensive " intelligence " the autonomous measurement and control network system that can independently finish appointed task according to environment that is laid in unattended guarded region and constitutes of small sensor node of communication and computing capability by a large amount of ubiquitous.Wireless sensor network is the strict limited fully-distributed system of a kind of ultra-large, unattended operation, resource, adopts the communication mode of multi-hop equity, and its network topology dynamic change has intelligent attributes such as self-organizing, autonomy, self adaptation.Wireless sensor network is after the internet, will produce the IT hot spot technology of significant impact to the 21st century human life style.If the internet has changed the mode of interpersonal interchange, communication, wireless sensor network then merges in logic the information world and the actual physical world so, will change the man and nature alternant way.The appearance of wireless sensor network has caused mondial extensive concern..
In present wireless communication standard, IEEE 802.15.4 becomes the wireless standard of wireless sensor network basic communication protocol the most hopefully with characteristics such as its low-power consumption, low cost and simple and flexible.Wireless sensor network, particularly industry wireless network have become the staple market object of IEEE 802.15.4.Netted and star-like mixed topology structural network is a kind of topological structure that wireless sensor network often adopts.And existing wireless sensor network construction method is incompatible to IEEE 802.15.4, and does not appear in the newspapers as yet based on the netted and star-like mixed topology structured radio sensor network of network construction method of IEEE 802.15.4 at present.
Summary of the invention
To the incompatible defective of IEEE 802.15.4, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method based on IEEE 802.15.4 that improves system compatibility at existing wireless sensor network construction method.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Netted and the star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method that the present invention is based on IEEE 802.15.4 may further comprise the steps:
Various nodes in the wireless sensor network are built into netted and star-like mixed topology structure;
On the above topology architecture basics, set up network communication of wireless sensor protocol stack model based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Based on the superframe structure of above topology structure and protocol stack model definition based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Definition based on the joining request of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4, indicate, response and confirm primitive;
Definition is based on join request the order packet format and the adding response command packet format of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Media access control layer based on above-mentioned superframe structure, original IEEE 802.15.4 adds primitive and command frame and network layer adding primitive and order bag, realizes the adition process of node in the network.
Described netted and star-like mixed topology structure comprises:
Star Network is made of routing node and sensor node, is called again bunch; Not direct communication between the sensor node, sensor node is only communicated by letter with a routing node;
Mesh network is made of routing node, aggregation node and host computer; Routing node is communicated by letter with a sensor node at least, and routing node is communicated by letter with aggregation node, and perhaps routing node is communicated by letter with other routing node at least, and host computer is communicated by letter with aggregation node;
Described host computer provides the platform mutual with wireless sensor network for user and manager; Aggregation node provides the interface between wireless sensor network and other wireless sensor network; Routing node is finished the simple process and the local Network Management Function of network interconnection, sensor node data; Sensor node inserts wireless sensor network with transducer or actuator.
The present invention also has hand-held node, is the access node of user's temporary visit wireless sensor network, is used for on-site maintenance and network configuration.
Described communication protocol stack model comprises physical layer, media access control layer, data link sub-layers, network layer and application layer, wherein physical layer and media access control layer adopt physical layer and the media access control layer of IEEE 802.15.4 respectively, data link sub-layers is expanded the superframe of media access control layer, is responsible for the adition process of Control Node.
Described superframe structure comprise beacon frame stage, CAP stage, CFP stage, bunch in stage of communication, bunch between stage of communication and dormant stage; Wherein beacon frame is used for slot synchronization and issue superframe information; The CAP stage be used for that node adds and bunch in management; The CFP stage is used for urgency communication and mobile node communicates by letter with bunch first, is independently distributed by routing node; Stage of communication is used for communication in metastable bunch in bunch; Communication and management between stage of communication is used for bunch between bunch; Adopt the CSMA mode to compete the adding network in CAP routing node in the stage, sensor node and hand-held node; The adding of sensor node and hand-held node needs to transmit joining request of this node and add response at the routing node of net; Routing node can't one jumping under the situation that reaches aggregation node, also needs other routing node to transmit joining request of this node and adds response; Join request being used to transmit in the jumping scope and add being called by node of response and act on behalf of routing node at the networking; Act on behalf of routing node and transmit the process join request and to add response and realize in network layer, comprise network layer adding primitive, order bag and add the response command bag joins request.
Described superframe length is 2 of a basic superframe length
NDoubly, N is a positive integer, and wherein defining basic superframe length is 32 time slots; The superframe length of sensor node is by the data update rate decision of using, and the superframe length of routing node is by the minimum superframe length decision of all the sensors node in the Star Network, and the superframe length of aggregation node is got the minimum superframe length of its neighbours' routing node.
The generic command packet format of network layer comprises network layer packet header and network layer payload, and wherein: network layer packet header comprises control, destination address, source address, route ID, timestamp, segment sequence number and loaded length; The network layer payload comprises network layer order Packet Identifier and network layer order payload package; Described bag control field comprises type, routing mode and segmentation marker.
The order packet format that joins request of described network layer comprises network layer packet header, command identifier, node physical address to be added and node type, and wherein command identifier is 0.
The adding response command packet format of described network layer comprises network layer packet header, command identifier, adding state, node physical address to be added and node to be added short address.
The general process of described node adding network is as follows:
1) network is found: the node of network to be added continues the available channel in the scan for networks, adds the beacon that routing node or aggregation node send up to successfully receiving;
2) time synchronized: the node of network to be added selects beacon to send node as acting on behalf of routing node, uses the temporal information deadline in the beacon synchronous;
3) send and to join request: the node of network to be added sends and joins request to acting on behalf of routing node, acts on behalf of routing node and this is joined request is forwarded to aggregation node;
4) return the adding response: aggregation node is finished safety certification after receiving and joining request, and returns the adding response;
5) response is handled: the node of network to be added receives that acting on behalf of routing node transmits next adding response, is Negative Acknowledgment if add response, and the node of network to be added will restart adition process; If confirmation is just to respond, the adition process success finishes;
6) broadcast beacon: if the node of network to be added adds successfully and be routing node, then broadcast beacon.
Described adition process based on media access control layer adding primitive and command frame and network layer adding primitive and order bag realization node is specially:
The node of network to be added utilizes the MAC layer of original IEEE 802.15.4 agreement to add primitive MLME-ASSOCIATE.request () and generates the MAC layer message that joins request, and sends to and acts on behalf of routing node;
After the MAC that acts on behalf of routing node received and joins request, the local management process was given in indication;
The local management process transfer primitive NLME-JOIN.request () that acts on behalf of routing node is after the local network layer generates the order bag that joins request, the MCPS-DATA.request () primitive that utilizes the MAC layer sends the message that joins request that network layer generates with the form of MAC layer data message, through after the forwarding of other routing node of net, arrive aggregation node at last;
Aggregation node generate network layer the adding response message, the primitive MCPS-DATA.response () that calls the MAC layer sends to its form with data message and acts on behalf of routing node;
After acting on behalf of routing node and receiving the adding response of aggregation node, call the MLME-ASSOCIATE.request () primitive of MAC layer, the MAC layer generate add response message after, return to the node of network to be added;
After receiving the adding response, be routing node, then begin to send the Beacon frame, be used for the adding of other routing nodes or sensor node if the node of network to be added adds successfully and add type.The sensor node of network to be added and hand-held node do not send the Beacon frame.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1. the inventive method adopts netted and star-like (Mesh+Star) mixed topology structure, on the one hand by star-like (Star) designs simplification network configuration, reduced the difficulty of maintenance and management, improved the flexibility of system, on the other hand, utilize netted (Mesh) structure, improved the reliability of network.
2. the inventive method has designed communication protocol stack and the superframe structure based on IEEE 802.15.4; made full use of the advantage of IEEE 802.15.4 on the one hand; improve the compatibility of system, protected existing investment, satisfied industrial application requirements by expansion on the other hand.
3. the inventive method has designed the adding primitive and the order packet format of network layer, support the multi-hop of routing node to add, and routing node is transmitted joining request of sensor node; Node to be added does not need to be positioned at the range of receiving of aggregation node on the one hand, has enlarged network size; Can realize the unified management of aggregation node on the other hand to network node.
4. the inventive method has designed the multi-hop adition process of routing node, made full use of on the one hand the adding mechanism that the MAC layer of IEEE 802.15.4 agreement is supported, the multi-hop of having expanded network node on the other hand on the basis of original IEEE802.15.4 agreement adds mode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a typical wireless sensor network schematic diagram that mixes netted and stelliform connection topology configuration;
Fig. 2 is the communication protocol stack schematic diagram based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 3 is the superframe expansion structure schematic diagram based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 4 is the generic command packet format schematic diagram based on the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 5 is the form schematic diagram based on bag control field in the generic command bag of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 6 is the identifier schematic diagram based on the order bag of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 7 is the order packet format schematic diagram that joins request based on the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 8 is the adding response command packet format schematic diagram based on the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Fig. 9 is the general adition process schematic diagram of node;
Figure 10 A is the concrete adding sequential chart of node (node to be added arrives at the networking by node side);
Figure 10 B is the concrete adding sequential chart of node (at the networking by node to the aggregation node end).
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The inventive method may further comprise the steps:
Various nodes in the wireless sensor network are built into netted and star-like mixed topology structure;
On the above topology architecture basics, set up network communication of wireless sensor protocol stack model based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Based on the superframe structure of above topology structure and protocol stack model definition based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Definition based on the joining request of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4, indicate, response and confirm primitive;
Definition joins request and adds the response command packet format based on the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Media access control layer based on above-mentioned superframe structure, original IEEE 802.15.4 adds primitive and command frame and network layer adding primitive and order bag, realizes the adition process of node in the network.
As shown in Figure 1, described netted and star-like (mesh+star) mixed topology structure comprises:
Ground floor is star-like (star) (mesh) network, is made of routing node and sensor node, is called again bunch; Not direct communication between the sensor node, sensor node is only communicated by letter with a routing node;
The second layer is netted (mesh) network, is made of routing node, aggregation node and host computer; Routing node is communicated by letter with a sensor node at least, and routing node is communicated by letter with aggregation node, and perhaps routing node is communicated by letter with other routing node at least, and host computer is communicated by letter with aggregation node;
The inventive method has defined with lower node: host computer, aggregation node, routing node and sensor node, and wherein, host computer provides the platform mutual with wireless sensor network for user and manager; Aggregation node provides the interface between wireless sensor network and other wireless sensor network; Routing node is finished the simple process and the local Network Management Function of network interconnection, sensor node data; Sensor node inserts wireless sensor network with transducer or actuator.
Also can have hand-held node in the above-mentioned node, be the access node of user's temporary visit wireless sensor network, is used for on-site maintenance and network configuration.
Simultaneously, aggregation node is finished the function of network management and safety management.Wherein, Network Management Function is responsible for communication resource distribution etc., and safety management function is responsible for the key management and the safety certification of routing node and sensor node.
As shown in Figure 2, described communication protocol stack model comprises physical layer, media access control layer (MAC layer), data link sub-layers, network layer and application layer, wherein physical layer and MAC layer adopt physical layer and the MAC layer of IEEE802.15.4 respectively, data link sub-layers is expanded the superframe of MAC layer, is responsible for the adition process of Control Node.
As shown in Figure 3, network for compatible IEEE 802.15.4 and the netted and star-like mixed topology structure of structure, the present invention proposes extended superframe structure based on IEEE 802.15.4, specifically comprise: beacon (Beacon) frame stage, CAP stage, CFP stage, bunch in (Intra-cluster) stage of communication, bunch between (Inter-cluster) stage of communication and dormant stage, wherein:
(1) the beacon frame stage, is used for slot synchronization and issue superframe information;
(2) the CAP stage, be mainly used in that node adds and bunch in management;
(3) the CFP stage is used for urgency communication and mobile node and communicates by letter with bunch first, is independently distributed by routing node;
(4) nonmobile phase, stage of communication in comprising bunch, bunch between stage of communication and dormant stage, communication in being used for bunch, bunch between communication and dormancy, distribute unitedly by aggregation node, wherein the Intra-cluster stage is used in metastable bunch communication, communication and management between the Inter-cluster stage is used for bunch.
Consider the present invention's communication in the time slot of IEEE 802.15.4 superframe nonmobile phase is used for bunch, bunch between communication and dormancy, basic superframe length of the present invention is 32 time slots, superframe length of the present invention is 2 of a basic superframe length
NDoubly, N is a positive integer; The superframe length of sensor node is by the data update rate decision of using, and the superframe length of routing node is got the minimum superframe length of all the sensors node in its Star Network, and the superframe length of aggregation node is got the minimum superframe length of its neighbours' routing node.
The present invention utilizes the adding that is used for routing node, sensor node and hand-held node based on the CAP section of IEEE 802.15.4 superframe.Adopt the CSMA mode to compete the adding network in CAP routing node in the stage, sensor node and hand-held node.
The adding of sensor node and hand-held node needs to transmit joining request of this node and add response at the routing node of net; Routing node can't one jumping under the situation that reaches aggregation node, also needs other routing node to transmit joining request of this node and adds response.Join request being used to transmit in the jumping scope and add being called by node of response and act on behalf of routing node at the networking.Act on behalf of routing node and transmit the process join request and to add response and realize in network layer, comprise network layer adding primitive, order bag and add the response command bag joins request.
The present invention has defined the joining request of network layer, has indicated, response and confirm primitive.Wherein, the primitive that joins request of network layer is used to act on behalf of routing node and represents the node of network to be added to add network to the aggregation node application.The adding indication of network layer is used to receive that the routing node that joins request or aggregation node report to the managing process of this locality.The adding response primitive of network layer is used to receive that the aggregation node that joins request returns result and relevant parameter that application adds.The adding confirm primitive of network layer is used to act on behalf of routing node after the adding response of receiving from aggregation node, reports the result who adds to the managing process of this locality.Specifically comprise:
The primitive semanteme that joins request of network layer is as follows:
Wherein, parameter JoinAddr is 16 destination addresses, the address of expression aggregation node.Parameter PhyAddr is 64 of node of network to be added locations longways.Parameter DeviceType is the node types of network to be added, represents routing node when DeviceType is 0, and DeviceType is 1 expression sensor node, and DeviceType is 2 expression hand-held node, and other is worth reservation.
The adding indication semanteme of network layer is as follows:
Wherein, parameter ProxyAddr is the address of acting on behalf of routing node; The implication of parameter PhyAddr and DeviceType is identical with the implication of middle parameter PhyAddr of NLME-JOIN.request () and DeviceType.
The adding response primitive semanteme of network layer is as follows:
Wherein, the implication of parameter PhyAddr is identical with the implication of parameter PhyAddr among the NLME-JOIN.request ().Parameter S hortAddr is 16 short addresses that the node of network to be added obtains.Parameter S tatus is a Boolean quantity, represents the result that node request to be added adds, and represents to add successfully when the value of Status is 0, represents to add failure when the value of Status is 1.
The adding confirm primitive semanteme of network layer is as follows:
Wherein, the implication of parameter S hortAddr and Status is identical with the implication of middle parameter S hortAddr of NLME-JOIN.response () and Status.
In the inventive method,, defined join request the order bag and the adding response command bag of network layer for the adition process of node in the network enabled.Specifically comprise:
The generic command packet format of network layer comprises network layer packet header and network layer payload as shown in Figure 4, and wherein: network layer packet header comprises control, destination address, source address, route ID, timestamp, segment sequence number and loaded length; The network layer payload comprises network layer order Packet Identifier and network layer order payload package.
As shown in Figure 5, the bag control field comprises type, routing mode and segmentation marker.
The implication of each field is as follows in the network layer generic command packet format:
The bag type: account for 2, wherein 00 represents non-polymeric packet, 01 expression aggregated data bag, 11 expression order bags, all the other reservations;
Routing mode: account for 2, keep;
Segmentation marker: account for 1, wherein 0 represents non-fragmented packets, 1 expression fragmented packets;
Destination address: the final purpose address of bag (16);
Source address: bag promoter's address (16);
Route ID: expression Route Distinguisher (16) is used to specify packet transmission path;
Timestamp: be 4 byte longs, and be unit with millisecond (ms);
Segment sequence number: be 1 byte long, the sequence number of expression fragmented packets.If the segmentation marker position is 0, then this byte is invalid;
Loaded length: the length of expression network layer message payload;
As shown in Figure 6, network layer order Packet Identifier, the type of expression command message, wherein 0 represents to join request message, 1 expression adds response message;
Network layer order payload package: the content that needs the parameter transmitted in the expression network layer order bag.
Network layer join request the order packet format as shown in Figure 7, comprise network layer packet header, command identifier, node physical address to be added and node type, wherein command identifier is 0.
The adding response command packet format of network layer comprises network layer packet header, command identifier, adding state, node physical address to be added and node to be added short address as shown in Figure 8, and concrete implication is as follows:
Add mode field: the application of expression node adds the result of network.If add successfully, then add the state subdomain and return 0, node to be added short address subdomain value is effective; If add failure, then add the state subdomain and return 1, node to be added short address subdomain value is invalid;
Command identifier field: the command identifier that network layer adds the response command bag is 1;
Node to be added short address field: if node adds successfully, 16 short addresses that expression distributes for node to be added; If node adds failure, the value of this field is invalid.
Before node begins to add network, should obtain the required key of network authentication by pre-configured (being provided with etc.) as hand-held node setting, manufacturer.As shown in Figure 9, the general process of described node adding network is as follows:
1) network is found: the node of network to be added continues the available channel in the scan for networks, adds the beacon that routing node or aggregation node send up to successfully receiving;
2) time synchronized: the node of network to be added selects beacon to send node as acting on behalf of routing node, uses the temporal information deadline in the beacon synchronous;
3) send and to join request: the node of network to be added sends and joins request to acting on behalf of routing node, acts on behalf of routing node and this is joined request is forwarded to aggregation node;
4) return the adding response: aggregation node is finished safety certification after receiving and joining request, and returns the adding response;
5) response is handled: the node of network to be added receives that acting on behalf of routing node transmits next adding response, is Negative Acknowledgment if add response, and the node of network to be added will restart adition process; If confirmation is just to respond, the adition process success finishes;
6) broadcast beacon: if the node of network to be added adds successfully and be routing node, then broadcast beacon.
The present invention according to the jumping figure between routing node and the aggregation node, divides into the multi-hop adition process that one of routing node is jumped adition process and routing node with the routing node adition process in the adition process of specific implementation routing node.If routing node can be jumped by one and be joined aggregation node, then start one and jump the adition process networking; If routing node need just can join aggregation node by the forwarding at other routing nodes of net, then start the multi-hop adition process and network.The adition process of sensor node and hand-held node is identical with the multi-hop adition process of routing node.
One of routing node is jumped the adding primitive that adition process adopts the MAC layer of original IEEE 802.15.4 agreement fully, is not described in detail in this.
The adition process of routing node multi-hop adition process, sensor node and hand-held node is shown in Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B:
The node of network to be added utilizes (comprising routing node, sensor node and hand-held node) the MAC layer of original IEEE 802.15.4 agreement to add primitive MLME-ASSOCIATE.request () and generates the MAC layer message that joins request, and sends to and acts on behalf of routing node.
After the MAC that acts on behalf of routing node received and joins request, the local management process was given in indication.
The local management process transfer primitive NLME-JOIN.request () that acts on behalf of routing node is after the local network layer generates the order bag that joins request, the MCPS-DATA.request () primitive that utilizes the MAC layer sends the message that joins request that network layer generates with the form of MAC layer data message, through after the forwarding of other routing node of net, arrive aggregation node at last.
Aggregation node generate network layer the adding response message, the primitive MCPS-DATA.response () that calls the MAC layer sends to its form with data message and acts on behalf of routing node.
After acting on behalf of routing node and receiving the adding response of aggregation node, call the MLME-ASSOCIATE.request () primitive of MAC layer, the MAC layer generate add response message after, return to the node of network to be added.
After receiving the adding response, be routing node, then begin to send the Beacon frame, be used for the adding of other routing nodes or sensor node if the node of network to be added adds successfully and add type.The sensor node of network to be added and hand-held node do not send the Beacon frame.
Claims (14)
1. netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method based on IEEE 802.15.4 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Various nodes in the wireless sensor network are built into netted and star-like mixed topology structure;
On the above topology architecture basics, set up network communication of wireless sensor protocol stack model based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Based on the superframe structure of above topology structure and protocol stack model definition based on IEEE 802.15.4;
Definition based on the joining request of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4, indicate, response and confirm primitive;
Definition is based on join request the order packet format and the adding response command packet format of the network layer of IEEE 802.15.4;
Media access control layer based on above-mentioned superframe structure, original IEEE 802.15.4 adds primitive and command frame and network layer adding primitive and order bag, realizes the adition process of node in the network.
2. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described netted and star-like mixed topology structure comprises based on IEEE 802.15.4:
Star Network is made of routing node and sensor node, is called again bunch; Not direct communication between the sensor node, sensor node is only communicated by letter with a routing node;
Mesh network is made of routing node, aggregation node and host computer; Routing node is communicated by letter with a sensor node at least, and routing node is communicated by letter with aggregation node, and perhaps routing node is communicated by letter with other routing node at least, and host computer is communicated by letter with aggregation node;
Described host computer provides the platform mutual with wireless sensor network for user and manager; Aggregation node provides the interface between wireless sensor network and other wireless sensor network; Routing node is finished the simple process and the local Network Management Function of network interconnection, sensor node data; Sensor node inserts wireless sensor network with transducer or actuator.
3. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 2 based on IEEE 802.15.4, it is characterized in that: also have hand-held node, be the access node of user's temporary visit wireless sensor network, be used for on-site maintenance and network configuration.
4. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on IEEE 802.15.4:
Described communication protocol stack model comprises physical layer, media access control layer, data link sub-layers, network layer and application layer, wherein physical layer and media access control layer adopt physical layer and the media access control layer of IEEE 802.15.4 respectively, data link sub-layers is expanded the superframe of media access control layer, is responsible for the adition process of Control Node.
5. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on IEEE 802.15.4:
Described superframe structure comprise beacon frame stage, CAP stage, CFP stage, bunch in stage of communication, bunch between stage of communication and dormant stage; Wherein beacon frame is used for slot synchronization and issue superframe information; The CAP stage be used for that node adds and bunch in management; The CFP stage is used for urgency communication and mobile node communicates by letter with bunch first, is independently distributed by routing node; Stage of communication is used for communication in metastable bunch in bunch; Communication and management between stage of communication is used for bunch between bunch.
6. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 5, it is characterized in that based on IEEE 802.15.4: CAP in the stage routing node, sensor node and hand-held node adopt the CSMA mode to compete the adding network.
7. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method based on IEEE 802.15.4 of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the adding needs of sensor node and hand-held node are transmitted joining request of this node and are added response at the routing node of net; Routing node can't one jumping under the situation that reaches aggregation node, also needs other routing node to transmit joining request of this node and adds response; Join request being used to transmit in the jumping scope and add being called by node of response and act on behalf of routing node at the networking; Act on behalf of routing node and transmit the process join request and to add response and realize in network layer, comprise network layer adding primitive, order bag and add the response command bag joins request.
8. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4, it is characterized in that: superframe length is 2N a times of basic superframe length, N is a positive integer, and wherein defining basic superframe length is 32 time slots; The superframe length of sensor node is by the data update rate decision of using, and the superframe length of routing node is by the minimum superframe length decision of all the sensors node in the Star Network, and the superframe length of aggregation node is got the minimum superframe length of its neighbours' routing node.
9. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on IEEE 802.15.4:
The generic command packet format of network layer comprises network layer packet header and network layer payload, and wherein: network layer packet header comprises control, destination address, source address, route ID, timestamp, segment sequence number and loaded length; The network layer payload comprises network layer order Packet Identifier and network layer order payload package.
10. by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 9, it is characterized in that based on IEEE 802.15.4:
Described bag control field comprises type, routing mode and segmentation marker.
11., it is characterized in that by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4:
The order packet format that joins request of described network layer comprises network layer packet header, command identifier, node physical address to be added and node type, and wherein command identifier is 0.
12., it is characterized in that by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4:
The adding response command packet format of described network layer comprises network layer packet header, command identifier, adding state, node physical address to be added and node to be added short address.
13., it is characterized in that by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4:
The general process of described node adding network is as follows:
1) network is found: the node of network to be added continues the available channel in the scan for networks, adds the beacon that routing node or aggregation node send up to successfully receiving;
2) time synchronized: the node of network to be added selects beacon to send node as acting on behalf of routing node, uses the temporal information deadline in the beacon synchronous;
3) send and to join request: the node of network to be added sends and joins request to acting on behalf of routing node, acts on behalf of routing node and this is joined request is forwarded to aggregation node;
4) return the adding response: aggregation node is finished safety certification after receiving and joining request, and returns the adding response;
5) response is handled: the node of network to be added receives that acting on behalf of routing node transmits next adding response, is Negative Acknowledgment if add response, and the node of network to be added will restart adition process; If confirmation is just to respond, the adition process success finishes;
6) broadcast beacon: if the node of network to be added adds successfully and be routing node, then broadcast beacon.
14., it is characterized in that by the described netted and star-like mixed topology wireless sensor network construction method of claim 1 based on IEEE 802.15.4:
Described adition process based on media access control layer adding primitive and command frame and network layer adding primitive and order bag realization node is specially:
The node of network to be added utilizes the MAC layer of original IEEE 802.15.4 agreement to add primitive MLME-ASSOCIATE.request () and generates the MAC layer message that joins request, and sends to and acts on behalf of routing node;
After the MAC that acts on behalf of routing node received and joins request, the local management process was given in indication;
The local management process transfer primitive NLME-JOIN.request () that acts on behalf of routing node is after the local network layer generates the order bag that joins request, the MCPS-DATA.request () primitive that utilizes the MAC layer sends the message that joins request that network layer generates with the form of MAC layer data message, through after the forwarding of other routing node of net, arrive aggregation node at last;
Aggregation node generate network layer the adding response message, the primitive MCPS-DATA.response () that calls the MAC layer sends to its form with data message and acts on behalf of routing node;
After acting on behalf of routing node and receiving the adding response of aggregation node, call the MLME-ASSOCIATE.request () primitive of MAC layer, the MAC layer generate add response message after, return to the node of network to be added;
After receiving the adding response, be routing node, then begin to send the Beacon frame, be used for the adding of other routing nodes or sensor node if the node of network to be added adds successfully and add type.The sensor node of network to be added and hand-held node do not send the Beacon frame.
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