CN102013024A - Grain depot and grain situation wireless monitoring system based on multistage RFID reader-writer network - Google Patents
Grain depot and grain situation wireless monitoring system based on multistage RFID reader-writer network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grain depot and a grain situation wireless monitoring system based on a multistage RFID reader-writer network. A sensing tag is in wireless connection with a front-end reader-writer which is used for wirelessly controlling the sensing tag and receiving a signal of the sensing tag; the front-end reader-writer is in wireless connection with a relay reader-writer which is used for transferring command control words and temperature and humidity information; the relay reader-writer is in wireless connection with a terminal reader-writer which is used for receiving the command control words of an upper computer, and the temperature and humidity information transferred from the relay reader-writer; and the terminal reader-writer is in wireless connection with an upper computer control system which is used for sending the command control words, receiving and processing the grain temperature and humidity information collected by the sensing tag. The system can wirelessly trace, measure and monitor the temperature and humidity in each grain bin in the whole grain depot. The system is convenient in expansion and maintenance, far in transmission distance, simple in route selection and location, and the like; simultaneously, the system greatly reduces the construction cost and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to grain depot grain feelings Intelligent Measurement, storage, data wireless transmission and monitoring field, is a kind of grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system.
Background technology:
Foodstuff preservation is the effective measures that country takes for defence war, calamity and other unexpected incidents, and grain depot grain storage monitoring technology is one of gordian technique of science guarantor grain.In early days owing to reasons such as technology and funds, most of grain depot adopts test equipment manual detection such as humidity table, the hair humidity utmost point, dual metal type meter and humidity test paper, this method wastes time and energy, efficient is low, error is big, afterwards along with development of computer, each big grain depot is introduced computer based grain depot network monitoring system in succession and realized the temperature to grain depot, the detections such as concentrated timing of humidity, wherein mainly comprises following several method: (1) now raises the totally digitilized silo temperature and humidity measurement and the control system of bussing technique based on Profibus; (2) based on the grain depot temperature and humidity monitoring system of CAN bus; (3) based on the grain information monitoring system of B/S structure.Though above method improvement the drawback of mainly lower, the poor anti jamming capability of supervisory system in the past based on analog signal transmission, accuracy of detection, remain wire transmission mode but communication network adopts, therefore for a large-scale grain depot, in wiring, just keep away unavoidable needs and carry out through walls, punching, if circuit cloth outside, exposed to the weather easily; If imbed undergroundly, corroded easily, and be difficult for moving.Of long duration, these circuits will slowly wear out, and need to change, and will increase cost like this, and in a single day circuit arrange with regard to inconvenient dismounting, and mobility is poor.
For overcoming the drawback of wire transmission, the researchist detects grain depot grain feelings and has proposed some wireless monitor new methods both at home and abroad, mainly comprise: (1) china national practical new-type patent [ZL200820058269.5] has proposed a kind of silo humiture wireless detecting system, it gathers the humiture value by the RFID label, then with the wireless rfid interrogator that sends to of measurement result, last rfid interrogator sends main frame to by photoelectric commutator or data radio station, this method had changed in the past and had linked to each other by wire cable between the sensor and monitoring equipment, reduced the density of wiring in the grain depot, improve the antijamming capability of measuring equipment and sensor relatively, but because what communicate by letter employing between read write line and the host computer is data radio station or photoelectric commutator, need carry out format conversion during data transmission, the grid communication distance is short, communication speed is slow, belongs to point-to-point communication; (2) utilize the GSM network that the warehouse is monitored, this system is made up of each safety monitoring alarm terminal and the Surveillance center that are installed in the warehouse, on the safety monitoring alarm terminal SIM card is housed, can utilize SIM card to send to Surveillance center the data of measuring by the GSM network wireless, this system is simple and convenient, stable performance, communication speed is fast, but communication protocol between label and the read write line and interface are different fully with communication protocol and interface between read write line and the SIM card, and adopt the GSM network when read write line and Surveillance center's communication, need pay the network service expense, and in the place that the GSM network base station does not cover the blind area can appear, cause these local network poor signals, can't proper communication; (3) based on the grain condition monitoring system of wireless sensor network, this system mainly is made of numerous WSN nodes and an aggregation node of being distributed in each warehouse, its have simple in structure, be easy between installation, stable and reliable operation, the node can mutual communication etc. characteristics, but because each WSN node is to be distributed in each silo, therefore in communication, each node need position to communicating with next node behind the known beaconing nodes, be inconvenient to receive the command control word of host computer, and the data-handling capacity of each node is not strong.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can measure and monitor, improved the grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network of the work efficiency of economic benefit and system greatly the temperature and humidity value of the key component in each silo in the whole grain depot.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network, it is characterized in that: be useful on and gather and the interior temperature of wireless transmission silo, the sensing label of humidity information, sensing label be used for the controlled in wireless sensing label and be connected by wireless mode with the front end read write line that receives the sensing label signal, the front end read write line be used for command control word and temperature, the relaying read write line that humidity information is transmitted connects by wireless mode, the relaying read write line be used to receive the command control word of host computer and the temperature that the relaying read write line forwards, the terminal read write line of humidity information connects by wireless mode, the terminal read write line be used to send command control word, receive and handle cereal temperature by sensing label collected, the upper computer control system of humidity information connects.
Described sensing label is by single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149, temperature and humidity measured chip SHT75, clock chip DS1302, storage chip AT24C02 and radio receiving transmitting module nRF905 form, the collection temperature, detection of information such as humidity and wireless receiving and dispatching are in one, radio receiving transmitting module is installed in an end of an expansion link, the temperature and humidity measured chip is installed in the other end of expansion link, one end that at first will have the temperature and humidity measured chip during this module work inserts in the grain, measure the temperature and humidity of grain in the silo by MSP430F149 control SHT75, measurement finishes after general purpose I/O port transmission is given single-chip microcomputer, then single-chip microcomputer read in the DS1302 temporal information and and temperature, humidity information is packed together and is handled and storage, is transferred to the front end read write line by radio receiving transmitting module nRF905 at last.
Described front end read write line mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149, storage chip AT24C02 and radio receiving transmitting module nRF905, it is installed in the silo, and major function is to receive the command control word of being sent by the relaying read write line and send the sensing label module to and read temperature, the humidity information that a plurality of sensing label collected in the silo and be wirelessly sent to the relaying read write line.
Described relaying read write line mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149, storage chip AT24C02 and radio receiving transmitting module nRF905, it is installed in the grain depot, play the effect of command control word and data forwarding such as temperature, humidity, can receive the command control word of being sent by the terminal read write line and be transmitted to the front end read write line, information such as the temperature that simultaneously again can the receiving front-end read write line reads, humidity also is transmitted to the terminal read write line.
Described terminal read write line mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149, storage chip AT24C02 and radio receiving transmitting module nRF905, it is installed on the center of whole grain depot, link to each other by serial ports with host computer, be responsible for the relaying read write line in the whole grain depot of read-write, it receives the information such as command control word that host computer is sent on the one hand, be transmitted to all relaying read write lines then respectively, read the information such as temperature and humidity that store in all relaying read write lines on the other hand again one by one.
Described upper computer control system mainly is made up of host computer, upper computer software and audible-visual annunciator, and it is installed in the Control Room.Upper computer software is developed with Delphi 7.0, this software is sent to information storage such as temperature on the host computer, humidity in database with the terminal read write line, these information comprise sensing label number information, humiture information and date temporal information, and with the information such as temperature and humidity demonstration in real time and the monitoring on the control center interface that obtain, in case find to have temperature or humidity to surpass setting value, just start acoustic-optic alarm immediately with the prompting managerial personnel.
Front end read write line and sensing label are formed first order RFID data transmission system, relaying read write line and front end read write line are formed second level RFID data transmission system, terminal read write line and relaying read write line are formed third level RFID data transmission system, the terminal read write line with upper between link to each other by Serial Port Line.
The present invention selects suitable R FID electronic tag for use, the interface of design sensor and RFID label and the RFID sensing label that grain depot grain feelings parameter is carried out the radio tracking monitoring; Constructed suitable communication protocol the data of sensing label measurement are carried out wireless transmission, it is fast to have transmission speed, efficient height, the characteristics that error rate is low; The software systems of a wireless messages transmission and data management have been developed.Sensing label is mainly by single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149, temperature and humidity measured chip SHT75, clock chip DS1302, storage chip AT24C02 and radio receiving transmitting module nRF905 form, after sensing label receives the measurement initiation command, at first utilizing MSP430 Single-chip Controlling SHT75 to carry out temperature and humidity measures, after measuring data, read the date and time information among the DS1302 again, then with tag number information, date and time information and temperature and humidity numerical value are packed together and are stored among the AT24C02, and go out by the nRF905 wireless transmission according to the communication protocol of setting.What wireless transmission adopted is the integrated mode of three grades of label-read write lines, the information transmission such as temperature and humidity that sensing label can be collected are to host computer, first order label-read write line combination is made up of the front end read write line of a plurality of sensing labels in each silo and Qi Nei, this moment, the front end read write line was read and write the information such as temperature and humidity value that all sensing labels collected in this silo, and stored in the storer; Second level label-the relaying read write line in grain depot is formed by front end read write line and frame in the read write line combination, in this level work pattern, the diversification in role of front end read write line becomes the function of sensing label, the relaying read write line is read and write all the front end read write lines in its coverage, to obtain the information such as temperature and humidity value of front end read write line store memory storage; Third level label-read write line makes up by forming by terminal read write line and relaying read write line that serial ports links to each other with host computer, in this level work pattern, the diversification in role of relaying read write line is the function of sensing label, the terminal read write line is read and write the relaying read write line in the whole grain depot, and the terminal read write line sends to host computer by serial ports with data after reading data such as temperature and humidity.Upper computer software is with the Delphi7.0 exploitation, and use MSComm control is realized the transmission of serial data and read, and utilizes SQL Server database to realize the preservation of data, prepares against the inquiry of follow-up work and analyzes use.This software can be monitored the information such as temperature and humidity in each warehouse in the silo automatically, the information that shows not only comprises temperature and humidity information, also comprise the current date and time value and the positional information at label place, the technical parameter of whole monitoring system work has: for the front end read write line, the nRF905 wireless communication module of its use, if use different frequency to carry out communication, can communicate with 125 sensing labels simultaneously, if add the communication of different addresses, can carry out communication with 232 sensing labels in theory, the communication distance of front end read write line can reach 200-300 rice, can cover whole silo fully, for relaying read write line and terminal read write line, according to actual needs, can increase the length of its emissive power and antenna, make its communication distance surpass 5000m, so just can cover whole grain depot, decide according to the number of silo in the grain depot with the number of the read write line of its communication, because address size is 4 bytes, therefore be enough to satisfy actual needs.
The invention enables the staff not only can observe granary temperature and humidity information, can also observe the concrete temporal information of each temperature and humidity, whole transmission course adopts wireless transmission, transmission speed is fast, the efficient height, upper computer software can show current temperature and humidity value in dynamic real-time ground, the positional information of date time value and sensing label, and the temperature and humidity upper lower limit value of different silos number can be set, after the temperature and humidity in this silo surpasses limit value, software is just pointed out the particular location and the overtime information of the temperature and humidity place label that transfinites, and startup acoustic-optic alarm, in time handle for the staff, this software can be saved in a large amount of historical datas in the database again simultaneously, can generate chart and trend map, usefulness for subsequent analysis, owing to limited by the communication distance of wireless radio frequency modules, native system can be applicable to centralized silo, for the words of disperseing to measure between the silo far away, host computer can be connected on the internet, like this silo of different regions can be by the internet with the data upload that monitors to Surveillance center, can analyze and monitor the grain depot grain feelings of different regions.
Description of drawings:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is system's composition diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of front end read write line and sensing label.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of relaying read write line and front end read write line.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of terminal read write line and relaying read write line.
Fig. 5 is that host computer sends the order process flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is that data flowchart is measured and transmitted to sensing label.
Embodiment:
A kind of grain depot grain feelings wireless monitoring method and system based on multistage rfid interrogator network structure comprise three grades of rfid interrogators-set of tags web frame, and the first order is made up of front end read write line and sensing label; The second level is made up of relaying read write line and front end read write line; The third level is made up of terminal read write line and relaying read write line.Be useful on and gather and the interior temperature of wireless transmission silo, the sensing label 1 of humidity information, sensing label is connected by wireless mode with the front end read write line 2 that is used for the controlled in wireless sensing label and receives the sensing label signal, front end read write line 2 be used for command control word and temperature, the relaying read write line 3 that humidity information is transmitted connects by wireless mode, relaying read write line 3 be used to receive the command control word of host computer and the temperature that the relaying read write line forwards, the terminal read write line 4 of humidity information connects by wireless mode, terminal read write line 4 be used to send command control word, receive and handle cereal temperature by sensing label collected, the upper computer control system of humidity information connects.
Described sensing label 1 is by single-chip microcomputer (MSP430F149) 7, temperature and humidity measured chip (SHT75) 8, clock chip (DS1302) 9, storage chip (AT24C02) 10 and radio receiving transmitting module (nRF905) 11 are formed, the collection temperature, detection of information such as humidity and wireless receiving and dispatching are in one, radio receiving transmitting module is installed in an end of an expansion link, the temperature and humidity measured chip is installed in the other end of expansion link, one end that at first will have the temperature and humidity measured chip during this module work inserts in the grain, measure the temperature and humidity of grain in the silo by MSP430F149 control SHT75, measurement finishes after general purpose I/O port transmission is given single-chip microcomputer, then single-chip microcomputer read in the DS1302 temporal information and and temperature, humidity information is packed together and is handled and storage, is transferred to the front end read write line by radio receiving transmitting module nRF905 at last.
Described front end read write line 2 mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer (MSP430F149) 12, storage chip (AT24C02) 13 and radio receiving transmitting module (nRF905) 14, it is installed in the silo 15, and major function is to receive the command control word of being sent by the relaying read write line and send the sensing label module to and read temperature, the humidity information that a plurality of sensing label collected in the silo and be wirelessly sent to the relaying read write line.
Described relaying read write line 3 mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer (MSP430F149) 16, storage chip (AT24C02) 17 and radio receiving transmitting module (nRF905) 18, it is installed in the grain depot, play the effect of command control word and data forwarding such as temperature, humidity, can receive the command control word of sending by the terminal read write line and be transmitted to the front end read write line, simultaneously information such as the temperature that can read from the front end read write line again, humidity and be transmitted to the terminal read write line.
Described terminal read write line 4 mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer (MSP430F149) 19, storage chip (AT24C02) 20 and radio receiving transmitting module (nRF905) 21, it is installed on the center of whole grain depot, link to each other by serial ports with host computer, be responsible for the relaying read write line in the whole grain depot of read-write, it receives the information such as command control word that host computer is sent on the one hand, be transmitted to all relaying read write lines then respectively, read the information such as temperature and humidity that store in all relaying read write lines on the other hand again one by one.
Described upper computer control system mainly is made up of host computer 5, upper computer software and audible-visual annunciator 6, and it is installed in the Control Room.Upper computer software is developed with Delphi 7.0, this software is sent to information storage such as temperature on the host computer, humidity in database with the terminal read write line, these information comprise sensing label number information, humiture information and date temporal information, and with the information such as temperature and humidity demonstration in real time and the monitoring on the control center interface that obtain, in case find to have temperature or humidity to surpass setting value, just start acoustic-optic alarm immediately with the prompting managerial personnel.
Front end read write line and sensing label are formed first order RFID data transmission system, relaying read write line and front end read write line are formed second level RFID data transmission system, terminal read write line and relaying read write line are formed third level RFID data transmission system, the terminal read write line with upper between link to each other by serial ports 22.
As shown in Figure 1, be divided into three level work structures during total system work, first order work structuring be the front end read write line with silo in sensing label between communicate by letter, its structured flowchart as shown in Figure 2, this layer mainly comprises sensing label and front end read write line, in the course of work of reality, the task of front end read write line is to receive measurement from the relaying read write line to begin or cease and desist order, the read-write operation of all sensing labels and reception are from the measurement result of sensing label in the control silo, the task of sensing label is to receive measurement from the front end read write line to begin or cease and desist order, start-up temperature and humidity sensor are measured, read the date time value in the clock chip and these packing data are sent to the front end read write line, the task of front end read write line is equivalent to a transponder, the order that reads from the relaying read write line is transmitted to sensing label, will be transmitted to the relaying read write line from the measurement result that sensing label reads again then; Second level work structuring be the relaying read write line with the front end read write line between communicate by letter, its structured flowchart as shown in Figure 3, from then on can see in the structure, it comprises relaying read write line and front end read write line, in the work of reality, the main function of relaying read write line is forward command and data, and it will be transmitted to the front end read write line from the order that the terminal read write line receives on the one hand, will be transmitted to the terminal read write line from the measurement result that the front end read write line is read again on the other hand; Third level work structuring be the terminal read write line with the relaying read write line between communicate by letter, its structured flowchart as shown in Figure 4, wherein the terminal read write line links to each other with host computer by serial ports, is used to receive the order of host computer and is transmitted to the relaying read write line and reads information such as measurement result from the relaying read write line and send host computer to.Between every level work structure lap is arranged also, in first order work structuring, play the effect of read write line as the front end read write line, but the function that in the work structuring of the second level, is equivalent to sensing label, the relaying read write line is equivalent to the read write line function in the work structuring of the second level, but is equivalent to the effect of sensing label in third level work structuring.For realizing accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4 described structure and functions, the system software program flow process as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Read write line and label model frequency of operation are the open ISM band of 433MHz or 915MHz, and the distance of transmission surpasses 200 meters, and except terminal read write line and host computer employing wire communication, all the other all adopt wireless telecommunications.Total system is in real work, each silo temperature and humidity value that transfinites at first is set, it is just passable only to need beginning on the click host computer interface to measure button then, this moment, host computer sent hexadecimal data " 01 " to the terminal read write line, if but want to stop to measure, then need to click stopping on the host computer interface and measure button, this moment, host computer can send hexadecimal data " 00 " to the terminal read write line, after receiving orders, the terminal read write line will send this order to sensing label step by step, sensing label will be judged the order of receiving, if " 01 " just begins to measure, if " 00 " just stops to measure.After measurement is finished, need send the result who measures to the front end read write line, according to actual needs, measurement result and tag number and date temporal information are packed, packet after the packing always has 32 bytes, its form is as shown in table 1, and the system communication instruction definition is as shown in table 2, and the RFID communications protocol is as shown in table 3.
The definition of table 1 data packet format
Table 2 system communication instruction definition
Table 3RFID communications protocol
The implication of communication instruction and communications protocol is described below by an example:
If want to measure the temperature and humidity value, host computer sends decimal number " 01 " and gives the terminal read write line, the terminal read write line hands down this order then step by step, up to sending all sensing labels to, after sensing label receives this order, just begin to measure the temperature and humidity value, just return after measurement is finished and give the front end read write line, the front end read write line returns measurement result to host computer more step by step, owing to contain label position information (silo number and tag number) and date temporal information in the packet, so, in upper computer software, be easy to just know the when and where that each humiture value takes place.Such as, if receive certain data packet format be: 0203100718024503025.0120069.0415, after then host computer receives these data, through after separation as can be known its information to be expressed be: the temperature that No. 03 label recorded on July 18th, 2010 in 02 o'clock in 45 minutes in 03 second in No. 02 warehouse is 25.012 degree, and humidity is 69.0415%RH.
When needs stopped to measure, host computer sent decimal number " 00 " and gives the terminal read write line, and the terminal read write line by this order is transmitted, receives this order up to sensing label again, stops all measuring operation then.
In PC control software, the value that transfinites set in the temperature and humidity value in each the group packet that receives and the corresponding silo is compared, whether check that above the temperature and humidity value of qualification, if surpass, host computer will start audible-visual annunciator.
Claims (6)
1. grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network, it is characterized in that: be useful on and gather and the interior temperature of wireless transmission silo, the sensing label of humidity information, sensing label be used for the controlled in wireless sensing label and be connected by wireless mode with the front end read write line that receives the sensing label signal, the front end read write line be used for command control word and temperature, the relaying read write line that humidity information is transmitted connects by wireless mode, the relaying read write line be used to receive the command control word of host computer and the temperature that the relaying read write line forwards, the terminal read write line of humidity information connects by wireless mode, the terminal read write line be used to send command control word, receive and handle cereal temperature by sensing label collected, the upper computer control system of humidity information connects.
2. the grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sensing label comprises the temperature and humidity measured chip, the temperature and humidity measured chip is connected with single-chip microcomputer by the I/O port, single-chip microcomputer is connected with clock chip and storage chip, and single-chip microcomputer is connected with information transmission being given the radio receiving transmitting module of front end read write line; Radio receiving transmitting module is installed in the end at an expansion link, and the temperature and humidity measured chip is installed in the other end of this expansion link, and the end that expansion link has the temperature and humidity measured chip inserts in the grain.
3. the grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described front end read write line comprises single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is connected with storage chip and radio receiving transmitting module; The front end read write line is installed in the silo.
4. the grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described relaying read write line comprises single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is connected with storage chip and radio receiving transmitting module.
5. the grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described terminal read write line comprises single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is connected with storage chip and radio receiving transmitting module, the terminal read write line is installed on the center of whole grain depot, links to each other by serial ports with host computer.
6. the grain depot grain feelings wireless monitor system based on multistage rfid interrogator network according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described upper computer control system comprises host computer, host computer is connected with audible-visual annunciator, and upper computer control system is installed in the Control Room.
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CN102393772B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-12-11 | 童红雷 | Temperature and humidity monitoring system for warehouse management |
CN103198635A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-07-10 | 内蒙古自治区科学技术信息研究所 | Wireless transmission system for realizing data acquisition |
CN103364109A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-23 | 深圳市粮食集团有限公司 | Temperature collection system and method used for collecting temperature of grains |
CN103364109B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-04-15 | 深圳市粮食集团有限公司 | Temperature collection system and method used for collecting temperature of grains |
CN106054823A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-26 | 费希尔控制产品国际有限公司 | Methods and apparatus for multimode radio frequency sensor tag communications in process control systems |
CN106054823B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2021-03-16 | 费希尔控制产品国际有限公司 | Method and apparatus for multi-mode RFST communication in a process control system |
CN104777815A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-15 | 成都柏森松传感技术有限公司 | Comprehensive monitoring system and method of suspension bridge cable safety |
CN107357195A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-11-17 | 江南大学 | A kind of low-power consumption grain feelings measuring system based on STM32 |
CN109850149A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-06-07 | 南京财经大学 | A kind of grain depot inspection system based on unmanned flight's device technique |
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