CN101997649A - Method and device for processing MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) based on orthogonal diversity - Google Patents

Method and device for processing MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) based on orthogonal diversity Download PDF

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CN101997649A
CN101997649A CN2009100914721A CN200910091472A CN101997649A CN 101997649 A CN101997649 A CN 101997649A CN 2009100914721 A CN2009100914721 A CN 2009100914721A CN 200910091472 A CN200910091472 A CN 200910091472A CN 101997649 A CN101997649 A CN 101997649A
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郭森宝
姜静
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Suzhou Medical Device Industry Development Group Co ltd
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    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for processing multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) based on orthogonal diversity, which comprises the steps of: precoding data flows of different users by independent delamination and specific orthogonal diversity, and mapping the data in a space-frequency coded matrix; carrying out multiuser precoding or beam forming (BF) processing on data of different users in the space-frequency coded matrix; and transmitting the processed data subjected to resource mapping outside through a transmitting antenna. The invention also discloses a device for processing MU-MIMO based on orthogonal diversity. By using the method and the device, the processing of multiuser transmitting diversity is realized, the resources of the antenna and carrier waves are fully used, and more users can be multiplexed under the same resource consumption.

Description

A kind of MU-MIMO processing method and device based on orthogonal set
Technical field
The present invention relates to Long Term Evolution (LTE, Long Term Evolution) transmit diversity techniques in the system, relate in particular to a kind of multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output (MU--MIMO, Multiple UserMultiple Input Multiple Output) processing method and device based on orthogonal set.
Background technology
In the LTE system, the descending diversity mode that has defined when transmitting antenna is 2 antennas is space-frequency coding (SFBC, Space-Frequency Block Codes), and encoder matrix is shown below:
Figure B2009100914721D0000011
In the following formula, the corresponding different tranmitting frequency of each row of matrix, the corresponding different transmitting antenna of each row of matrix; S 1Expression first is mapped to the data of subcarrier (Subcarrier) 1, S constantly 2Expression second is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 2 constantly,
Figure B2009100914721D0000012
With
Figure B2009100914721D0000013
Represent S respectively 1And S 2Conjugation.
Diversity mode when transmitting antenna is 4 antennas is SFBC+ frequency switched diversity (FSTD, FrequencySwitching Transmit Diversity), and encoder matrix is shown below:
Figure B2009100914721D0000014
In the following formula, the corresponding different tranmitting frequency of each row of matrix, the corresponding different transmitting antenna of each row of matrix; S 1Expression first is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 1, S constantly 2Expression second is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 2, S constantly 3Represent that the 3rd is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 3, S constantly 4Represent that the 4th is mapped to the data of Subcarrier 4 constantly,
Figure B2009100914721D0000021
With Represent S respectively 1, S 2, S 3And S 4Conjugation.
In the existing version of LTE, do not make full use of antenna and carrier resource during 4 antenna transmission, and only adopted single user's emission diversity scheme, it is multiplexing not relate to the multi-user orthogonal diversity, thereby has limited the performance of LTE.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of MU-MIMO processing method and device based on orthogonal set, handles with the transmit diversity of realizing the multi-user.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The invention provides a kind of multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set, this method comprises:
Data flow to different user is passed through independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
The data of different user in the described space-frequency coding matrix are carried out multi-user pre-coding or beam shaping BF processing respectively, and the data after will handling are outwards launched by transmitting antenna after the resource mapping.
This method further comprises: when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1iThe data that expression user 1 sends, S 2iThe data that expression user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
Data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix of complementation.
This method further comprises: when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 S 23 S 24 - S 12 * S 11 * - S 24 * S 23 * S 21 S 22 S 13 S 14 - S 22 * S 21 * - S 14 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1iThe data that expression user 1 sends, S 2iThe data that expression user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
Data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix of complementation.
This method further comprises: when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 - S 13 * - S 14 * - S 12 * S 11 * S 14 - S 13 S 13 S 14 S 11 * S 12 * - S 14 * S 13 * - S 12 S 11 , S 21 S 22 - S 23 * - S 24 * - S 22 * S 21 * S 24 - S 23 S 23 S 24 S 21 * S 22 * - S 24 * S 23 * - S 22 S 21
Wherein, S 1iThe data that expression user 1 sends, S 2iThe data that expression user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
Data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
Described multi-user pre-coding or BF handle, and are specially:
The data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding be multiply by different precoding vectors respectively, or multiply by different B F vector.
The present invention also provides a kind of MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set, and this device comprises:
The orthogonal set precoding module is used for data flow to different user by layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
The multi-user pre-coding module is used for that the data of the different user of the matrix of described space-frequency coding are carried out multi-user pre-coding or BF respectively and handles;
Transmitter module is used for the outwards emission after the resource mapping of the data after the described multi-user pre-coding resume module.
When number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for, data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix of complementation.
When number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for, data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
Described multi-user pre-coding module is further used for, and the data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding be multiply by different precoding vectors respectively, or multiply by different B F vector.
A kind of MU-MIMO processing method and device based on orthogonal set provided by the present invention pass through independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding to the data flow of different user, are mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding; Then the data of different user are carried out multi-user pre-coding or beam shaping (BF) respectively and handle, and the outwards emission after the resource mapping of the data after will handling.The present invention is multiplexing by multi-user's orthogonal set, has made full use of the resource of antenna and carrier wave, multiplexing more user under identical resource consumption; Under the situation that does not increase extra pilot-frequency expense, can obtain the preferable performance gain; Utilize precoding and BF technology to eliminate interference among multiple users, and for single user, increased diversity gain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of handling based on the MU-MIMO of orthogonal set in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the composition structural representation of a kind of MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set of the present invention.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set provided by the present invention as shown in Figure 1, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 101, independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding passed through to the data flow of different user in the base station, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding.
Step 102, the data of the different user in the matrix of space-frequency coding are carried out multi-user pre-coding or beam shaping respectively, and (BF Beamforming) handles.
Concrete, the data of the different user in the matrix of space-frequency coding be multiply by different precoding vectors respectively, or multiply by different B F vector.And precoding vectors or BF vector can perhaps calculate according to the feedback information of up channel to down channel according to the interchangeability of up-downgoing interchannel.
Step 103 is outwards launched the data after handling by transmitting antenna after the resource mapping.
All proved by theory analysis and simulating, verifying at present the diversity output signal is sent into independently wave beam formation array respectively, certain is put forward (Alamouti) diversity and compares the gain that can obtain 6dB with Ah coming, and wherein the encoder matrix of Alamouti diversity is
Figure B2009100914721D0000051
S1 and S2 are the preceding symbol of coding, and by Alamouti coding back corresponding adjacent moment of row or side frequency, row are represented different transmitting antennas.In addition, under SFBC, utilize precoding technique can eliminate interference among multiple users, and can make diversity performance further be strengthened by selecting best precoding vectors.Therefore the present invention forms and transmit diversity in conjunction with the precoding wave beam, the multi-user diversity method of design LTE-Advanced system.
Wherein, transmitting antenna is that the corresponding relation in the deversity scheme of 4 antennas is:
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000052
The user 1
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000053
The user 2
S 1iBe the data that user 1 sends, S 2iBe the data that user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4.
Transmitting antenna is that the corresponding relation in the deversity scheme of 8 antennas is:
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000054
The user 1
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000055
The user 2
Subcarrier S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Under the situation of 8 antennas, adopt the two antenna space-frequency codings at most can multiplexing 4 users, the coding method when adopting 8 antennas, precoding vectors not only can be eliminated multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.
When expanding to transmitting antenna and being N (N 〉=8) antenna, the corresponding relation in the corresponding deversity scheme is:
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000062
The user 1
Subcarrier The user 2
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000064
User N/2
Subcarrier S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Wherein, S NiBe the data that user n sends, n=1,2,3 ..., N/2, i=1,2,3,4.Under the situation of N antenna, adopt the two antenna space-frequency codings at most can a multiplexing N/2 user.Coding method when adopting the N antenna when number of users is less than N/2, precoding vectors not only can be eliminated multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.
The schematic diagram of handling based on MU-MIMO shown in Figure 2 below, and in conjunction with specific embodiments above-mentioned MU-MIMO processing method is further elaborated.
One: 4 antenna multi-user 2 antenna diversity encoder matrix of embodiment are as follows:
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000066
The user 1
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000071
The user 2
Two streams (user 1 data flow and user's 2 data flow) of different user are assigned to respectively on two layers, carry out the orthogonal set precoding separately, multiply by different precoding vectors or BF vector at different users then, launch user data through resource mapping back by actual antennas again.
Precoding vectors herein or BF vector are in order to eliminate interference among multiple users on the one hand, promptly by ZF (ZF, Zero Forcing), block diagonalization (BD, Block Diagnolization) and the uncommon agate precoding (THP of Tomlinson-Harrar, Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding) etc. mode is perhaps carried out Interference Cancellation by multi-user's weight vectors pairing criterion; Be in order to strengthen each user's diversity gain, can to calculate weight vectors on the other hand based on maximum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR, the Signal to InterferencNoise Ratio) criterion of characteristic value decomposition.
Under open loop case, utilize the interchangeability of channel, and calculate descending channel correlation matrix, with decision multi-user's vector pairing by estimation to the channel correlation matrix of up link; Perhaps adopt up ePlus link to calculate that ripple reaches angle (AOA, Angle of Arrival) thereby the BF vector that determines each user, select two users' pairings of two users (BF vector quadrature) of two differential seat angle maximums.Under closed-loop case, can select the user of two precoding vectors quadratures to match by feedback precoding codebook index (PMI, Precoding Matrix Index), also can feedback channel information (H i), and utilizing ZF or BD, the THP algorithm realizes that interference among multiple users eliminates, autocorrelation matrix that also can feedback matrix utilizes user's pairing algorithm to realize pairing between two users.
Two: 8 antenna multi-user 2 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment are as follows:
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000072
The user 1
Subcarrier The user 2
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000074
The user 3
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000081
The user 4
Under the 8 antenna situations during multiplexing 4 users, stream with preceding two users is mapped on four layers earlier, stream with latter two user is mapped on other four layers then, then carry out the precoding of orthogonal set separately, multiply by different precoding vectors or BF vector at different users then, send by actual antennas again through resource mapping (being mapped to identical running time-frequency resource) at last.The computational methods of precoding vectors or BF vector are identical with embodiment one.
It is pointed out that when adopting channel information to be PMI or order index (RI, Rank Index), when not having best quadrature weight vectors, can adopt letter to leak and make an uproar than the matching method of (SLNR, Signal to LeakageNoise Ratio).During multiplexing still less user, precoding vectors not only can be eliminated multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy under 8 antenna situations.
Three: 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment:
Subcarrier S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
User 1 is mapped to modulation symbol in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 adopts complementary diversity pre-coding matrix that modulation symbol is mapped in the space-frequency coding matrix, user 1 and 2 carries out multi-user pre-coding or BF processing respectively then, and mapping sends by actual antennas again through resource at last.Adopt the diversity of 8 antennas can obtain better diversity gain, and adopted 8 antenna BF not only can eliminate multi-user interference, can also strengthen user's signal energy.Concrete precoding vectors or BF vector calculate described in embodiment one.
Four: 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment:
Subcarrier S 11 S 12 S 23 S 24 - S 12 * S 11 * - S 24 * S 23 * S 21 S 22 S 13 S 14 - S 22 * S 21 * - S 14 * S 13 *
User 1 is mapped to modulation symbol in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 adopts complementary diversity pre-coding matrix that modulation symbol is mapped in the space-frequency coding matrix, user 1 and 2 carries out multi-user pre-coding or BF processing respectively then, and mapping sends by actual antennas again through resource at last.Be the different of diversity pre-coding matrix with the difference of example three.Concrete precoding vectors or BF vector calculate described in embodiment one.
Five: 8 antenna multi-user 4 antenna diversity encoder matrixs of embodiment:
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000091
The user 1
Subcarrier
Figure B2009100914721D0000092
The user 2
User 1 is mapped to modulation symbol in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, user 2 adopts identical diversity pre-coding matrix that modulation symbol is mapped in the space-frequency coding matrix, user 1 and 2 carries out multi-user pre-coding or BF processing respectively then, sends by actual antennas through resource mapping (multi-user takies identical resource) at last again.Be the different of diversity pre-coding matrix with the difference of previous examples.This pre-coding matrix can provide better diversity gain.Concrete precoding vectors or BF vector calculate described in embodiment one.
For realizing above-mentioned MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set, the present invention also provides a kind of MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set, as shown in Figure 3, this device comprises: orthogonal set precoding module 10, multi-user pre-coding module 20 and transmitter module 30.Orthogonal set precoding module 10 is used for data flow to different user by layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding.Multi-user pre-coding module 20, being used for that the data of the different user of the matrix of space-frequency coding are carried out multi-user pre-coding or BF respectively handles, concrete: the data of the different user in the matrix of space-frequency coding be multiply by different precoding vectors respectively, or multiply by different B F vector.Transmitter module 30 is used for the outwards emission after the resource mapping of the data after 20 processing of multi-user pre-coding module.
Multi-user pre-coding module 20 can be according to the interchangeability of up-downgoing interchannel, perhaps according to up channel the feedback information of down channel is calculated precoding vectors or BF vector.Under open loop case, can utilize the interchangeability of channel, and by descending channel correlation matrix is calculated in the estimation of up channel correlation matrix, to determine multi-user's vector pairing; Perhaps adopt up link to calculate AOA, to determine each user's BF vector.Under closed-loop case, select the user of two precoding vectors quadratures to match by feedback PMI; Or by feedback channel information Hi, and utilize ZF or BD, THP algorithm to carry out interference among multiple users and eliminate; Or the autocorrelation matrix by feedback matrix, and utilize user's pairing algorithm to carry out pairing between two users.
When number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, orthogonal set precoding module 10 is further used for, data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by complementation or identical diversity pre-coding matrix.
It is pointed out that the SFBC encoding scheme that adopts among the present invention can have various deformation, thus quadrature empty frequently or the Space Time Coding unit can substitute the SFBC of this paper, SFBC+FSTD encoding scheme, and within the protection scope of the present invention that all should comprise.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output MU-MIMO processing method based on orthogonal set is characterized in that this method comprises:
Data flow to different user is passed through independently layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
The data of different user in the described space-frequency coding matrix are carried out multi-user pre-coding or beam shaping BF processing respectively, and the data after will handling are outwards launched by transmitting antenna after the resource mapping.
2. according to the described MU-MIMO processing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that this method further comprises based on orthogonal set: when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 23 - S 12 * - S 24 * S 12 S 24 S 11 * S 23 * S 21 S 13 - S 22 * - S 14 * S 22 S 14 S 21 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1iThe data that expression user 1 sends, S 2iThe data that expression user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
Data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix of complementation.
3. according to the described MU-MIMO processing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that this method further comprises based on orthogonal set: when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 S 23 S 24 - S 12 * S 11 * - S 24 * S 23 * S 21 S 22 S 13 S 14 - S 22 * S 21 * - S 14 * S 13 *
Wherein, S 1iThe data that expression user 1 sends, S 2iThe data that expression user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
Data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix of complementation.
4. according to the described MU-MIMO processing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that this method further comprises based on orthogonal set: when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, the matrix of described specific orthogonal set precoding is:
S 11 S 12 - S 13 * - S 14 * - S 12 * S 11 * S 14 - S 13 S 13 S 14 S 11 * S 12 * - S 14 * S 13 * - S 12 S 11 , S 21 S 22 - S 23 * - S 24 * - S 22 * S 21 * S 24 - S 23 S 23 S 24 S 21 * S 22 * - S 24 * S 23 * - S 22 S 21
Wherein, S 1iThe data that expression user 1 sends, S 2iThe data that expression user 2 sends, i=1,2,3,4;
Data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
5. according to each described MU-MIMO processing method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described multi-user pre-coding or BF handle, and are specially based on orthogonal set:
The data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding be multiply by different precoding vectors respectively, or multiply by different B F vector.
6. MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set is characterized in that this device comprises:
The orthogonal set precoding module is used for data flow to different user by layering and specific orthogonal set precoding, is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding;
The multi-user pre-coding module is used for that the data of the different user of the matrix of described space-frequency coding are carried out multi-user pre-coding or BF respectively and handles;
Transmitter module is used for the outwards emission after the resource mapping of the data after the described multi-user pre-coding resume module.
7. according to the described MU-MIMO processing unit of claim 6 based on orthogonal set, it is characterized in that, when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for, data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix of complementation.
8. according to the described MU-MIMO processing unit of claim 6 based on orthogonal set, it is characterized in that, when number of transmit antennas more than or equal to 8 the time, described orthogonal set precoding module is further used for, data flow to user 1 is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by layering and diversity precoding, and user 2 data flow then is mapped in the matrix of space-frequency coding by the diversity pre-coding matrix identical with user 1.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 described MU-MIMO processing unit based on orthogonal set, it is characterized in that, described multi-user pre-coding module is further used for, the data of the different user in the matrix of described space-frequency coding be multiply by different precoding vectors respectively, or multiply by different B F vector.
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