CN101969649B - Honeycomb signal enhancer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost portable signal enhancer unit for covering and extending wireless communications services to users in an expected limited coverage range, relating to the field of honeycomb signal enhancers. The enhancement supports signal power level increase to permit wireless communications to be used in a weak or unreliable original honeycomb signal area, such as the environment of a small office or a family office; a base station signal is enhanced by bilateral amplifier equipment (BDA), wherein the bilateral amplifier equipment (BDA) receives the base station signal and amplifies signal power and then transmits the amplified signal to a nearby user in a first signal path; the bilateral amplifier also receives a user signal and amplifies the signal power and then transmits the amplified signal to a base station in a second separated signal path; and a dual-polarization antenna can receive and transmit the signals through reverse polarization to enhance the isolation of the signals.

Description

Honeycomb signal augmentor

It is PCT/US03/06056 that the application of this division is based on international application no, and national applications number is 03826337.8, and international filing date is on February 26th, 2003, and denomination of invention is divided an application for the Chinese patent application of " honeycomb signal augmentor ".

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to radio communication, relate in particular to by strengthening the signal of the subscriber unit received (or transmission) in the areas of limited coverage, expand the service coverage for subscriber unit.

Background technology

Wireless communication system is very general, and the user also depends on more and more the validity of wireless communication system and it is had higher requirement.Many users depend on the ability of radio communication and do not consider the validity of land line phone business.These wireless communication systems can be used in communication sound and/or data between business and user.Because a lot of these systems rely on the digital communication form now, so sound and Digital Transmission are mainly distinguished by information rate.Although enlarging at a high speed, still there are many areas of limited coverage in the service coverage of wireless communication system.Each wireless communication system generally includes for receiving a plurality of base stations that wireless signal transmits to user's subscriber unit transmitting wireless signals with from user's subscriber unit.For example, these communication systems comprise, operate in the cellular transmission that frequency is approximately 800MHz, operate in Personal Communications Services (PCS) transmission and other the wireless mobile communications application all over the world that frequency is approximately 1900MHz in the U.S. (US).

Each fixed location base stations has one or more overlay areas, is commonly referred to the residential quarter.Have subscriber unit, cell phone for example, the mobile subscriber, the signal that can receive from the base station also can transmit signal to the base station.The mobile subscriber also can use the portable subscriber unit of other types, such as the relatively little computer that is called as personal digital assistant (PDA) in industrial quarters, perhaps be called as the larger portable computer of laptop computer in industrial quarters, it has the ability by wireless mode and base station communication.It is best that numeral covers usually in the overlay area of regulation effect, but it in addition in the overlay area, also may be blocked or weaken.As everyone knows, the overlay area may comprise by the place of hillside or other building defilades, also may have such zone between cell edge, residential quarter or outside cell range, and the user receives signal off and on or do not receive signal therein.For example, the overlay area may comprise building, because the scattering when passing in building and propagating of signal attenuation and signal, the signal in building space covers the space outerpace that usually is weaker than Around Buildings.Also may wish the covering of base station is expanded to specific customer location, but at least to now, this way does not prove that it is correct by construction another one base station or permanent repeater covering being expanded to described customer location.

So-called " repeater " unit has been designed to provide a solution for the covering of the expansion of hope, and it is usually located on the high building of permanent location.These repeaters are worked in the following manner, namely first or alms giver (donor) antenna receive the signal that transmits from the base station, then from second or server antenna to again radiation or transmit again amplifying signal of user.The serviced device antenna reception of user's transmission is amplified by donor antenna and and then is sent to the base station.Repeater can provide enough signals to think that the user provides the covering of expectation for the base station being covered be extended to above the zone of normal cell coverage or for the crested position in cell coverage area.Outdoor repeater is installed in the fixed position usually, and such as mini-cell towers, its installation cost is more expensive, usually can't help user installation.

Independent repeater units or can be used for providing building or other structures by special the appointment by the subsystem that the signal distribution network of one or more repeater units and optical fiber or coaxial cable forms, tunnel for example, the covering of inside.These repeaters have a donor antenna in capped structural outer usually, in inside configuration one or more server antenna are arranged.

When operation, repeater produces limited transmission energy, and it is fed or is coupled to each first and second antenna.Isolation between the first and second repeater antenna is generally defined as and transmits power output than the measuring of the input power that couples again, usually with decibel (DB) expression.Because the interference that has feedback or couple in repeater so there is such possibility, the irregular operation of vibration namely occurs producing under certain conditions.For fear of labile state occurs in repeater, the signal amplitude gain of repeater can not be greater than the isolation between two repeater antenna.

The amplifier gain value of outdoor repeater is usually in 85 to 95dB grade, and the donor antenna gain value is in 23 to 25dBi grade, and the server antenna yield value is in 15 to 18dBi grade.The corresponding net signal gain and the minimum that are used for these yield value scopes are isolated into 123 to 138dB.The complex RF of current exemplary apparatus (RF) power output boundary value can be+20dBm at alms giver end, can be+43dBm at server end.

Typical outdoor repeater provides the operation gain for the subdivision of honeycomb or the professional medium frequency distribution of PCS.The use of the subdivision that frequency is distributed can be restricted to the operation of repeater the service provider's subset that has licence in the specific transactions zone.This restriction may cause needs to be used for providing to the mobile subscriber optional equipment and the immovable property of covering.

Obviously, for user's interests, the repeater on the downlink path must provide to user's subscriber unit with the situation that does not have repeater under arrive this subscriber unit signal amplitude compare larger signal amplitude.The minimum net signal gain that exists repeater to provide is to provide advantage.Compare the useful signal loss that the net signal gain must overcome the reception of the ripple of propagating in the environment and transmit with the propagation loss of primary signal.Therefore, do not have the gain of active or electronic signal, and the passive repeater that only depends on antenna gain can not under outdoor environment, provide advantage.Under outdoor environment, active gain can be greater than 70dB, and wherein repeater signal coverage extension often surpasses one mile distance.

The covering of requirement outdoor repeater extended wireless signal is lower than 10GHz and has just caused using larger antenna and using more expensive electronic instrument, need to have or leased hold estate, and need to can be the mounting structure of high building or building.The service provider is usually in some way by directly having or bearing these costs by lease.

With the zone of signal coverage extension to insufficient covering, interior of building such as the user, may cause a lot of problems, this is because reallocation needs very high gain, and this may cause causing the unstable of vibration and/or undesirable noise conversely in communication system.And the user may temporarily be in a position, and under any circumstance, the user wishes to obtain to cover expansion in any possible place, and does not need a large amount of settings or installation cost or business.As below with reference to Fig. 3-13 in more detail as described in, conventional " individual " repeater has attempted to solve this signal coverage extension problem, but has only obtained limited success so far on market.

In sum, can find out and simply to use and to realize expanding the user's covering that is used for base station applies with cost and the user who reduces.Also be desirable to provide can be as the user wishes ground independent location portable, low-cost, the zone of enhancing covers.In addition, also have such demand, namely provide the user of expansion to cover in the mode that does not cause jitter, wherein jitter may produce vibration or disturb in wireless communication system.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the signal that received by user in the areas of limited coverage of hope by strengthening, with the service coverage extension of radio communication to subscriber unit, for example Wireless Telecom Equipment of cell phone or other types.For example, strengthen the increase that refers to signal power level, allowing the use in the place of cell phone a little less than original cellular signal, and it is smaller with respect to the covering of macro base station (macro base station) to benefit from zone or the space of covering of raising.Need the zone of the service coverage of expansion can be in indoor environment, such as dwelling house, small office, or work-at-home environment, perhaps local outdoor environment is such as the host city of specific activity.

For an aspect of of the present present invention, wireless base station signal can be had the seedbed to strengthen by two-way amplifier, and two-way amplifier receives base station signal, amplifying signal power and amplifying signal is resent near user subscriber unit via downlink signal paths.Two-way amplifier is commonly called BDA, also receives subscriber signal, amplifying signal power and via the second uplink signal path amplifying signal is resent to the base station.

BDA can be provided at for the way traffic on the complete frequency allocation of specific wireless communication service, also can move with one or more while users; Each user has subscriber unit or terminal usually, and wherein in the multi-user, the system access agreement can be different.For example, the way traffic of BDA can comprise the whole US PCS frequency spectrum that is allowed, and can with one or more user collaboration operations when having CDMA, GSM or IS-136 system access agreement.

BDA can be coupled between " alms giver " dual polarized antenna and " server " dual polarized antenna.Donor dual polarized antenna can (1) receive the base station signal that is used for being sent to downlink signal paths, and (2) transmit the amplified version of subscriber signal in response to receive this amplifying signal from uplink signal path to the base station.Server dual polarized antenna can (1) receive the subscriber signal that is used for being sent to uplink signal path, and (2) are used for transmitting the amplified version of base station signal to user's subscriber unit in response to receive this amplifying signal from downlink signal paths.Therefore, BDA can transmit up link and downlink path signal between donor antenna and server antenna.

BDA is comprised in the unique user portable unit usually, and wherein this portable unit has the housing that certain size and weight are arranged, and is used for supporting that the user moves to another place with portable unit from a place.For typical pattern of the present invention, alms giver and server dual polarized antenna can be installed on the apparent surface of housing of portable unit.This so that be installed in lip-deep antenna of housing with the direction of the opposite direction that is installed in another lip-deep antenna energy on emittance.Dual polarized antenna can utilize orthogonal polarization to receive and transmit separately up link and down link signal, to increase the isolation of signal.

In order to support portable unit in the operation of diverse location, based on the movement of user to portable unit, portable unit can comprise Lookup protocol or the initialize routine of supporting for the variable gain control of BDA.In response to from providing electric energy without the energy supply state to the unit, this variable gain control system can increase the down link of BDA and the signal amplitude gain on the uplink path, until reach a predetermined run signal level or until receive maximum prearranged signals amplitude gain level in downlink signal paths.In case reach init state, the down link of BDA and the output power levels of uplink path can be monitored and adjust to the variable gain control system, to keep initialization operation level.

For another aspect of the present invention, portable signal enhancer comprises the housing with a pair of relative orientation surface, with each the surperficial dual polarized antenna that is installed to housing, be used for the direction of the opposite direction of the direction emittance that is installed in another surperficial antenna on emittance.Each dual polarized antenna can comprise the first day kind of thread elements with first polarized state and have the second day kind of thread elements of the second polarized state.The first polarized state is different with the second polarized state, to realize the isolation of the signal that signal that the first day kind of thread elements is received and second day kind of thread elements are exported.

This Signal Booster can also comprise the BDA that is installed in the housing, is used for being amplified in the signal that transmits on the downlink signal paths, and wherein downlink signal paths is extended between each lip-deep dual polarized antenna on the relative orientation surface of housing.This BDA also can be amplified in the signal that transmits on the uplink signal path, and wherein uplink signal path is extended between each lip-deep dual polarized antenna on the relative orientation surface of housing.

Downlink signal paths and uplink signal path comprise downlink filter and uplink filter usually separately, are used for the full bandwidth signal path that definition is used for BDA.Downlink filter and uplink filter all comprise the signal delay optimization characteristics, so that the group delay in these signal paths is minimum.

Other features and advantages of the present invention draw easily with the detailed description by subsequently and with reference to accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

The radio communication that Fig. 1 is illustrated in the exemplary base station environment covers.

Fig. 2 is illustrated in the restriction of communication overlay in the base-station environment.

Fig. 3 represents a kind of conventional solution for the limited signal coverage of base station shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 4 represents another conventional solution for the limited signal coverage of base station shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 5 represents the again conventional solution for the limited signal coverage of base station shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 6 is the block diagram for the conventional repeater scheme of the base station with constrained signal covering.

Fig. 7 is the block diagram for the conventional coupled interference cancellation repeater solution of the base station with limited covering.

Fig. 8 is for eliminating the block diagram of repeater scheme for the conventional self adaptation of the base station with limited covering.

Fig. 9 is the block diagram that the conventional self adaptation of Fig. 8 is eliminated the downlink path of repeater scheme.

Figure 10 is the block diagram that the conventional self adaptation of Fig. 8 is eliminated the uplink path of repeater scheme.

Figure 11 is for eliminating the block diagram of repeater scheme for another conventional self adaptation of the base station with limited covering.

Figure 12 is the perspective view that the conventional self adaptation of Fig. 8 is eliminated a flat sheet mould of repeater scheme.

Figure 13 is the perspective view that the conventional self adaptation of Figure 11 is eliminated a flat sheet mould of repeater solution.

Figure 14 illustrates that the representative communication of exemplary embodiment of the present covers.

Figure 15 illustrates that the representative communication of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention covers.

Figure 16 is the block diagram of exemplary embodiment of the present.

Figure 17 is the perspective view of dull and stereotyped exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 18 is the spectrogram of exemplary base station.

Figure 19 is the detailed structure view of exemplary embodiment of the present.

Figure 20 is the state diagram of the operation of explanation Figure 19 example shown embodiment.

Figure 21 is the sequential chart that the initial gain control of exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 19 is set.

Figure 22 is the flow chart of the operation method of explanation Figure 19 example shown embodiment.

Figure 23 is the sequential chart of the operation of expression Figure 19 example shown embodiment.

Figure 24 is the part perspective view that the building of exemplary enhancer unit is housed.

Figure 25 is the perspective view according to the amplification of the enhancer units of exemplary embodiment of the present structure.

Figure 26 is the decomposed figure of exemplary enhancer unit shown in Figure 25.

Figure 27 is another exploded view of the exemplary enhancer unit of part assembling shown in Figure 25.

Figure 28 is another perspective view with exemplary enhancer unit shown in Figure 25 of cellular installation support.

Figure 29 A, 29B, 29C are respectively the front view of exemplary enhancer unit shown in Figure 25, end view and vertical view.

Figure 30 is that Figure 29 A example shown enhancer units is along the sectional drawing of 30-30 line.

Figure 31 is that Figure 29 A example shown enhancer units is along the sectional drawing of 31-31 line.

Figure 32 be enhancer units shown in Figure 29 A and mounting bracket along the sectional drawing of 32-32 line, each is all according to exemplary embodiment structure of the present invention.

Figure 33 is the part amplification profile diagram of example mounting bracket shown in Figure 32.

Figure 34 is the part amplification profile diagram of exemplary enhancer unit shown in Figure 30.

Figure 35 is another perspective view with the exemplary enhancer unit shown in Figure 25 of optional cellular installation support.

Figure 36 is the plane graph according to the server dual polarized antenna of exemplary embodiment of the present structure.

Figure 37 is the plane graph according to the donor dual polarized antenna of exemplary embodiment of the present structure.

Figure 38 is the part perspective view with the building of the optional exemplary enhancer unit of detachable sub-unit.

Figure 39 is the enlarged perspective of optional exemplary enhancer unit shown in Figure 38.

Embodiment

In the description of back, number designation identical in the accompanying drawing represents same or analogous element in each accompanying drawing.With reference to Fig. 1, base station or cell base station (cell site) 10 comprise at least one, normally a plurality of antenna 12, its radiation and received RF signal are with support of wireless communication.Antenna or aerial array 12 are installed on base station tower 14 or the similar functions structure, such as building in a conventional manner.As used herein, aerial array is the set with antenna element of size, spacing and illumination sequence, so that the field of each emitter element combines and produce maximum intensity at specific direction, produces field minimum intensity in other direction.When describing such set, term array antenna and aerial array can be replaced use mutually.

Each base-station antenna array 12 provides covering for the residential quarter of mobile or fixed communications (not marking among the figure), such as the honeycomb that is used for operating in about 800MHz transmit, the Personal Communications Services (PCS) that operates in about 1900MHz in the U.S. (US) transmits or other has that system is fixed or mobile subscriber's wireless communications application, such as 16 li of one or more overlay areas.The covering of base station 10 may not comprise all parts of overlay area 16.For example, structure or building may disturb the signal strength signal intensity at building 18 places, the edge of overlay area 16 as shown in FIG., but it can be in the overlay area 16 Anywhere.But, enough signal strength signal intensities may can be used for signal and strengthen to support communication service is delivered to the user.Another service coverage problem may be the business that can be used for structure or building 22 interior users, even this building is in overlay area 16.This may be caused by many reasons, stops that such as the structure of building 22 or other source or multi-path signal disturb, and this may not cause again signal strength signal intensity to be not enough to be used by the user in the situation that there is signal to strengthen.

Another restriction of the service coverage of base station 10 is nature or artificial structure's interference, such as hillside or high mountain 24, as shown in Figure 2.Hillside 24 causes disturbing from the signal of zone 26 10 radiation in interior base station, and this is called and covers.Strengthen in the absence of base station signal, the signal that arrives shadow region 26 will be not enough to again be used by the user, such as in building or position 28.

Fig. 3 has been provided by a kind of solution that provides enough signals to cover in shadow region or area 26.Repeater 30 usually is installed in high building 32 or has on the similar functions structure.High building be usually located in the cell coverage area of base station 10 or on the enough near so that donor antennas 34 in residential quarter received signal strength signal intensity be enough to by again radiation or server antenna 36 amplifications and be resent to travelling carriage 38, such as the cell phone in the shadow zone 26.Travelling carriage 38 also is known as subscriber unit or terminal, can be positioned at intrazonal building (not shown in FIG.), perhaps can be positioned at a certain position in area 26.

Fig. 4 has described another solution that is used for the communication issue of limited cell coverage area 16.Equally, repeater 30 is positioned at the edge of overlay area 16 as shown in the figure or is positioned at the outside in zone 16, but is enough to be exaggerated for transmitting from the signal of base station 10 again.Here, the overlay area 40 of not hope is the shadow region, but all or part of being positioned at outside the overlay area 16.Can select zone 40 to cover any user's permanent location, all building or positions 20 as shown in Figure 1.

As shown in Figure 5, on the high building 32 that repeater 30 is mounted in a fixed location usually.Donor antenna 34 is in the face of base station 10, and normally, and donor antenna 34 and server antenna 36 are by spaced and by physical isolation along the length direction of high building 32.Repeater 30 needs electronic equipment 42 to amplify and send from again and be sent to the signal of subscriber board 38.Electronic equipment 42 comprises amplifier at least to 44 and 46, one down link signals that are used for amplifying from base station 10, a uplink signal that is used for amplifying from subscriber board 38.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the conventional solution that covers of activating business is usually directed to service coverage extension to relatively wide overlay area.On the contrary, as described below, exemplary embodiment of the present invention is based on being provided at a portable signal enhancement unit in the relatively narrower and small zone or space, maximum 5000 square feet usually of normally indoor and its area coverages, signal strengthen.

Fig. 6 has described the structure chart of conventional repeater 30.Repeater 30 comprises donor antenna 34, and it will be coupled to from the down link signal of base station 10 forward band or downlink path 50 by duplexer filter (duplexer filter) 48.For example, down link signal can be in 1930 to 1990MHz frequency band.Down link signal is exaggerated device 46 and amplifies, and then is coupled to server antenna 36 by duplexer filter 52 and is used for sending to the user.Receive from the serviced device antenna 36 of user's transmission signal, and be coupled to reverse band or uplink path 54 by duplexer filter 52.For example, uplink signal can be in 1850 to 1910MHz frequency band, and the down link signal frequency band is separated by 20MHz to realize the isolation between the signal.Uplink signal is exaggerated device 44 and amplifies, and then is coupled to donor antenna 34 by duplexer filter 48 and is used for being sent to base station 10.

The conventional repeater 30 usefulness duplexer filter 48 and 52 that Fig. 6 describes are come separate uplink 54 and down link 50 path signals, are used for amplifying.Conventional repeater 30 uses a donor antenna and a server antenna, and each antenna has one and is used for the characteristic polarization that signal receives and transmits.On the contrary, exemplary embodiment of the present invention is not used duplexer filter 48 and 52.As the following more detailed description, these exemplary embodiments are used a donor antenna and a professional device antenna usually, and wherein each antenna has two characteristic polarization: a characteristic polarization is used for signal and receives, and a characteristic polarization is used for signal and transmits.And, be used for transmitting the characteristic polarization of signal from donor antenna different from the characteristic polarization that receives signal for server antenna.Same, be used for donor antenna and receive the characteristic polarization of signal from different for the characteristic polarization that transmits signal from server antenna.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that, aforementioned can be for two-way communication for the scene that communication overlay strengthens and covering is expanded, and the description of service coverage goes for the signal condition of uplink signal and down link signal.Those of skill in the art also will appreciate that, the imbalance in communication link design or the local spread state may cause the preference of a signal path is surpassed temporary transient or long-term imbalance in the uplink and downlink communication link of another signal path.

With reference to Fig. 7, described conventional coupled interference and eliminated system (CICS) repeater 60, such as what in US Patent No. 6385435B1, describe.Except for repeater 30 described those elements, repeater 60 provides and has been used for reducing the feedback of repeater 30 or the circuit of coupled flutter.Repeater 60 comprises down link or forward CICS circuit block 62 and up link or reverse CICS circuit block 64. CICS circuit block 62 and 64 is not represented in detail, but each piece comprises pilot signal generator and detector, for detection of existence and the amplitude of each interference signal, and injects erasure signal at the input of each duplexer filter 48 and 52. Duplexer filter 48 and 52 and CICS circuit block 62 and 64 increased the complexity that undesirable cost, group delay and signal strengthen.

That conventional repeater 60 usefulness the CICS circuit blocks 62 and 64 that Fig. 7 describes are eliminated is all or partly, undesirable feedback or coupled flutter in the repeater 30.On the contrary, exemplary embodiment of the present invention, said, do not prevent or eliminate undesirable feedback or coupled flutter in the signal enhancer unit with CICS circuit or similar circuit.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that, duplexer filter and duplexer filter (diplexer filter) are the filter that has three ports of same type basically.Duplexer filter or duplexer filter are the special cases of more general multiplex filter that has public port and have the operation passband, and it comprises the two or more ports that have as the operation passband of the operation passband subset of public port.When two ports corresponding to subset operation passband are specifically designed to respectively transmission and receive the RF signal, usually use the term duplexer filter.The term duplexer filter can more generally be used for the RF signal that two frequency bands separate, and wherein the RF signal of these two frequency bands separation all is used for receiving or transmitting purpose.The term duplexer filter can be of equal value be used for describing duplexer filter.

With reference to Fig. 8, described conventional self adaptation and eliminated repeater 70, such as what in the open WO01/52447A2 of PCT, describe.Repeater 70 comprises that the alms giver transmits (Tx) and receives (Rx) antenna 72, it is fed to duplexer filter (D) 74 with the down link signal F2 that receives, and duplexer filter (D) 74 is coupled to self adaptation with down link signal F2 and eliminates circuit block (AC BLOCK) 76.AC BLOCK 76 generates negative signal, and it is combined to eliminate feedback signal or the composition from signal F2 with signal F2.Signal F2 also is exaggerated in AC BLOCK 76, then is coupled to filter (F) 78, and filter is band pass filter normally.ACBLOCK 76 and filter 78 form the active element of downlink signal paths 80.Amplifier in the filter 78 protection AC BLOCK 76 is not subjected to the impact of signal power on the uplink path.Filter 78 is coupled to duplexer filter (D) 82 with signal F2, and duplexer filter (D) 82 is coupled to second server with signal F2 and transmits (Tx) and receive (Rx) antenna 84.Antenna 84 is sent to the user with the down link signal F2 that amplifies.

The user transmits the signal F1 that is used for being sent to the base station, it is received by antenna 84, and being coupled to duplexer filter 82, duplexer filter 82 is eliminated circuit block (AC BLOCK) 86 with the self adaptation that signal F1 is coupled in the uplink path 88.The operation principle of AC BLOCK86 is identical with AC BLOCK 76.Filter 90, band pass filter normally, the amplifier among the protection AC BLOCK 86 is not subjected to the impact of signal power on the downlink path.Filter 90 is coupled to duplexer filter 74 with signal F1, and duplexer filter 74 is coupled to the alms giver with signal F1 and transmits (Tx) and receive (Rx) antenna 72.Antenna 72 is sent to the base station with the uplink signal F1 that amplifies.

Fig. 9 has described the course of work of AC BLOCK 76.The signal combination of down link signal F2 modulation of structure in summing junction 92 and AC BLOCK 76.The signal of modulation is designed to the devastatingly feedback signal part of interference signal F2.Signal F2 is by digital signal processor (DSP) 94 digital samples and further processing.DSP 94 calculates M signal and it is coupled to modulator (MOD) 96.Signal F2 is by filter (F) 98 and after being exaggerated device (A) 100 amplifications, to the sample signal of MOD 96 input signal F2.MOD 96 produces the signal of destructive modulation according to two inputs, and it is coupled to node 92.

Figure 10 has described the course of work of AC BLOCK 86.As AC BLOCK 76, AC BLOCK 86 is at the signal of the interior generations modulation of modulator (MOD) 102, is used for feedback signal part among the destructive interference signal F1.The signal of modulation is combined with signal F1 at summing junction 104.Signal F1 is by digital signal processor (DSP) 106 digital samples and further processing.DSP 106 calculates M signal and it is coupled to MOD 102.Signal F1 is by filter (F) 108 and after being exaggerated device (A) 110 amplifications, to the sample signal of MOD 102 input signal F1.MOD 102 produces the signal of destructive modulation according to two inputs, and it is coupled to node 104.

Repeater 70 comprises the AC BLOCK 76 and 86 that is coupled in respectively between duplexer filter 74 and 82 outputs and amplifier 98 and 108 outputs.Repeater 60 injected erasure signal before duplexer filter 48 and 52, still, repeater 70 injects the self adaptation erasure signal after duplexer filter 74 and 82.

With reference to Figure 11, described with repeater 70 similar another conventional self adaptations and eliminated repeater 120.Repeater 120 comprises for separate donor transmission (Tx) antenna 122 that transmits uplink signal F1 to the base station and is used for reception from separate donor reception (Rx) antenna 124 of the down link signal F2 of base station.Repeater 120 also comprises for separate server transmission (Tx) antenna 126 that transmits down link signal F2 to the user and is used for reception from separate server reception (Rx) antenna 128 of user's uplink signal F1.Except lacking duplexer filter, repeater 120 is identical with repeater 70 aspect all at other.

The conventional repeater 120 that Figure 11 describes comprises fully independently RF path of 4 antennas and 2.The stand-alone antenna that transmits and receive is held in conventional repeater 120 uses for the alms giver in system, and is used for the stand-alone antenna in system server terminal transmission and reception.Such as described in more detail below, exemplary embodiment of the present invention generally includes 2 antennas.For example, an exemplary embodiment is used a donor antenna and a server antenna, and each antenna has the characteristic polarization of two regulations: a characteristic polarization is used for the reception of signal, and a characteristic polarization is used for the transmission of signal.Further, be used for transmitting the characteristic polarization of signal from different for the characteristic polarization that is received signal by server antenna from donor antenna.Same, be used for receiving the characteristic polarization of signal from different for the characteristic polarization that transmits signal from server antenna by donor antenna.

Figure 12 has described the flat sheet mould (flat panel module) 130 of repeater 70.The housing 132 of the electronic equipment of repeater 70 inside comprising, module 130 is housed.Although antenna 72 is presented at the outside of housing 132 in order to illustrate needs, antenna 72 and 84 leans against and is placed on privately in the module 130.As repeater 60, duplexer filter 74 and 82 (in repeater 70) and AC BLOCK 76 and 86 have increased the complexity of the signal increase of undesirable cost, group delay and repeater 70.

Figure 13 has described the similar flat sheet mould 140 of repeater 120.The housing 142 of the electronic equipment of repeater 120 inside comprising, module 140 is housed.Although antenna 122 and 124 is displayed on the outside of housing 142 in order to illustrate needs, antenna leans against 122,124 and 126,128 and is placed on privately in the module 140.Antenna 122 and 124 is donor antennas pair, and antenna 126 and 128 is server antenna pair.The alms giver transmits (Tx) antenna 122 and alms giver's reception (Rx) antenna 124 is placed side by side.Same, server transmission antenna 126 and server reception antenna 128 are placed side by side.

Figure 14 has represented to be strengthened by the signal of exemplary embodiment of the present support the description of the overlay area of improving.Base station tower 150 transmits the user and wants at building or the structure 152 interior signals that utilize subscriber unit to receive.Owing to arbitrary or a plurality of reason of enumerating previously, when in building 152 interior reception, base station signal is too faint so that can not be received by the user and can not be used in building 152 with desirable quality of service.But signal is still enough strong, at least approximately-95 to the grade of-90dBm, so that the signal enhancement unit 154 that can be constructed according to exemplary embodiment of the present receives and strengthens.The user can on the wall of building 152 or the window 156 or near installation signal enhancement unit 154, be also referred to as Signal Booster.User's (not marking among the figure) can be placed on unit 154 zone that contiguous high RF transmits, such as window (not marking among the figure), then for unit 154 provides electric energy, and can observation signal be received by unit 154 and amplify, so that in building 152 interior uses.

Same or another user also may wish because the covering at the edge in the more edifice 160 shown in Figure 15 or raising quality of service.Users in the building 160 also receive the signal from high building 150, and this signal is initial just very faint so that can not use, and perhaps become very faint so that can not be at the building 160 inner quality of services that are used for expectation.In this case, the user can in the signal enhancer unit 162 of contiguous wall or window 164 places placement example, be used for reception and enhancing from the signal of base station tower 150 again.The user can use the signal that strengthens in building 160 inner a distance, and this distance depends on many factors about signal and environment usually.For example, the signal of enhancing covers and can cover 2000 square feet to the scope of 5000 square feet of grades.Yet after surpassing this distance or user and entering another room or zone, signal may need again to be enhanced.The user can place one or more other enhancer units 162 ' in whole building, obtain reliable signal with the zone in expectation and cover.Unit 162 ' is usually identical with unit 162, and be placed on first or the scope of formant 162 or another unit 162 ' in.Unit 162 and 162 ' can be considered to cascade or order link when operation.In the drawings, unit 162 and the 162 ' placement parallel to each other; But, unit 162 and 162 ' also can each other in the placement of certain angle, cover with the signal of widening or change the enhancing that is obtained.

With reference to Figure 16, the simplified structure diagram according to the Signal Booster 170 of exemplary embodiment of the present structure has been described.The Signal Booster 170 of example comprises the first donor dual polarized antenna 172 with the first antenna characteristic polarization part 174 that can pass through the enforcement of perpendicular polarization characteristic.Antenna part 174 receiving downlink signal F2, and it is coupled to downlink signal paths 176.Signal F2 is coupled to amplifier 178, and amplifier 178 forms the first, amplifying signal F2 of two-way amplifiers (BDA) and signal F2 is coupled to second server dual polarized antenna 180.By cross polarization, it is by horizontal polarization in this example with respect to donor antenna characteristic polarization 174 for first server antenna 180 with characteristic polarization part 182.Antenna part 180 can transmit to the user down link signal F2 of amplification.One skilled in the art will appreciate that with respect to the first characteristic polarization and had orthogonal polarization characteristic with respect to the first characteristic polarization by cross-polarized the second polarization.

By cross polarization, it is by perpendicular polarization with respect to the first characteristic polarization part 182 for the second antenna characteristic polarization part 184 of server antenna 180.Antenna part 184 receives and is coupled to uplink signal path 186 from user's uplink signal F1 and with it.Signal F1 is coupled to amplifier 188, and amplifier 188 consists of second portion, the amplifying signal F1 of two-way amplifier (BDA) and amplifying signal F1 is coupled to the second antenna characteristic polarization part 190 of donor antenna 172.Antenna part 190 with respect to first 174 by cross polarization, in this example by horizontal polarization.Antenna part 190 transmits the uplink signal F1 that amplifies to the base station.

Down link receives polarization 174 by perpendicular polarization, and it is perpendicular to the horizontal polarization 182 that is used for signal F2 down link translator unit.In a similar fashion, uplink path has the vertical polarized antenna of reception part 184, and it transmits antenna part 190 perpendicular to the horizontal polarization that is used for signal F1.Down link receives polarization 174 can be by horizontal polarization, but preferably by perpendicular polarization, because transmit with perpendicular polarization most of base station.Receive more multiplex in the power of base station when therefore, perpendicular polarization part 174 ratios are by horizontal polarization.The orthogonal polarization that down link reception antenna 174 and up link transmit between the antenna 190 can provide enough isolation, so that booster 170 does not need the required duplexer filter of prior art.Further, isolation is enough to provide amplification, and without any need for signal conversion or the feedback cancellation circuitry of type.Therefore, booster 170 provides the group delay of cost savings, noise decrease coefficient and minimizing booster 170 with respect to conventional repeater.As narrating below, the modelled signal booster 170 like this, so that antenna 172 does not need duplexer filter, even only have first donor antenna 170 to be used to namely receive again from the base station transmit to the base station, and only have a second server antenna 180 to be used to namely receive from the user transmit to the user again.The booster 170 of example is designed to there is not traditional duplexer filter, and it compared with prior art can have lower loss of signal or decay before low noise reception amplifier 240 and 170.The noise factor of exemplary enhancer 170 is usually less than 6dB.

Running fix is the important emerging demand for mobile radio telephone system.USA Federal Communications Committee (FCC) has adopted a ruling in June, 1996 (Docket no.94-102), requires all mobile network operators that positional information about the calling of all " 911 ", emergency services or so-called E911 abilities is provided.Group delay is to propagate to the required delivery time of set a distance to the group velocity of mould-fixed about the rate of change of total phase shift of the angular frequency by equipment or RF power.The booster 170 of example provides the classical groups time delay value less than 50 nanoseconds (ns).Some location schemes such as strengthening observed time difference (E-OTD), depend on precise time and measure, and excessive group delay may make the point in the signal that the E-OTD system is difficult to accurately to determine to be measured by all receivers.

Figure 17 has described the flat panel enhancer unit 200 according to another exemplary embodiment structure of the present invention.Unit 200 comprises the housing 201 of the circuit (not marking among the figure) that comprises enhancer units 200.Housing 201 has top or end face 202, a pair of side or side 203 and 204 and bottom or bottom surface 205.Donor antenna 172 can comprise four pasters 206,207,208,209 symmetric array, and each paster is by dual polarization (with reference to Figure 36), so that orthogonal receiving unit 174 and translator unit 190 to be provided.For example, paster 206 comprises vertical orientation part 210 and horizontal orientation part 211.Other each pasters 207,208 and 209 also have the identical orientation part (not numbering separately) of in the same manner operation.Similar mode, the server antenna 180 at housing 201 reverse side or the back side can comprise four pasters 212,213,214 and 215 similar array.Each paster is by dual polarization, with to provide orthogonal receiving unit 184 and translator unit 182 with paster 206 similar modes.

Exemplary enhancer unit 200 usefulness antenna polarizations isolate to reduce the feedback signal between server antenna 180 and the donor antenna 172, and reduce on the server antenna 180 and transmit on the donor antenna 172 and receiving function between signal.These feedback signals are coupling between server antenna 180 and the donor antenna 172 by radiating element.Use with the end of housing 201 or face 202,203,204 and 205 vertical and parallel linear polarizations directed 210 and 211 just can alleviate server antenna 180 and donor antenna 172 on the contrary or the cross-couplings between the orthogonal polarization.Linear polarization 210 is main vertical and be parallel to and hold or face 202,203,204 and 205 conduction and dielectric boundaries with 211, and can make the first antenna characteristic polarization part 174 of antenna 172 and minimized by the coupling between cross-polarized the first characteristic polarization part 182 with respect to antenna part 174.Similar mode, linear polarization 210 is main vertical and be parallel to and hold or face 202,203,204 and 205 conduction and dielectric boundaries with 211, and can make second day line characteristic polarization part 190 and minimized by the coupling between cross-polarized the second characteristic polarization part 184 with respect to antenna part 190.

Linear polarization 210 is main vertical and be parallel to and hold or face 202,203,204 and 205 conduction and dielectric boundaries with 211, and can make first day line characteristic polarization part 174 and minimized by the coupling between cross-polarized the second characteristic polarization part 190 with respect to antenna part 174.Similar mode, linear polarization 210 is main vertical and be parallel to end or face 202,203,204 and 205 border with 211, and can make first day line characteristic polarization part 182 and with respect to antenna part 182 by the minimum of the coupling between cross-polarized the second characteristic polarization part 184.

The end of exemplary enhancer unit 200 or face 202,203,204 and 205 border comprise conduction and/or the dielectric material of same length.The housing 201 of enhancer units 200 is square substantially on the plane graph of donor antenna 172 or server antenna 180.Can be in donor antenna 172 tierarray row radiant body 206,207,208 and 209 equidistantly.Similar mode, can be in server antenna 180 tierarray row radiant body 212,213,214 and 215 equidistantly.Aerial array radiant body 206,207,208 and 209 in the donor antenna 172 can be placed with aerial array radiant body 212,213, the 214 and 215 back-to-back configurations with respect to server antenna 180.Because this configuration, the main radiation direction of donor antenna 172 and server antenna 180 is substantially opposite.

Form contrast with the conventional flat sheet mould 130 and 140 shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 difference, example flat panel enhancer unit 200 is used the aerial array of the radiant body with two synchronizing characteristics polarization 210 and 211, and purpose is for up link is separated and isolated with down link signal in 2 paths.Exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be used a donor antenna array and a server antenna array, and wherein each aerial array has the characteristic polarization of two regulations: a characteristic polarization is used for signal and receives, and a characteristic polarization is used for signal and transmits.And, be used for transmitting the characteristic polarization of signal from different for the characteristic polarization that is received signal by server antenna array from donor antenna array.Same, be used for receiving the characteristic polarization of signal from different for the characteristic polarization that transmits signal from server antenna array by donor antenna array.Each characteristic polarization in alms giver or the server antenna array only is used for receiving signal or only is used for transmitting signal.In other words, the characteristic polarization of exemplary embodiment do not have transmit and receive the binocular of wishing signal or function, shown in enhancer units 200.

Figure 18 has described the frequency spectrum 220 that is used for as an example the PCS frequency band of exemplary embodiment operation.Base station (BS) receives in 1850 to 1910MHz frequency band 222, the frequency band 224 interior transmission 1930 to 1990MHz.Although best transmission (Tx) frequency band 224 and optimum reception (Rx) frequency band 222 should have the rectangle banded (with dashed lines marks among the figure) that exists only in the frequency band, have expansion and overlapping between the frequency response of the signal enhancer filters that defines actual band 222 and 224 performance characteristicses.In the drawings, the actual band of frequency band 222 marks with solid line 225 and 226, and the actual band of frequency band 224 marks with solid line 227 and 228.Desired frequency band 1910 and 1930MHz between have the separation of 20MHz.But, a critical point is the actual overlapping crosspoints 229 of two frequency bands.Crosspoint 229 will further discuss in detail with respect to the signal filtering process among Figure 19.Frequency band 222 and 224 each also be subdivided into a plurality of sub-band A, B, C, D, E and F, in the U.S., sub-band is the licensed service provider who gives service area or area separately.The signal enhancer unit of example provides the operation of striding all sub-bands to cover usually, and can be regarded as " Whole frequency band " equipment.

Figure 19 has described the more detailed structure chart of example signal enhancer units, its common designatedly 230 represents with numbering.Exemplary unit 230 comprises the dual polarization donor antenna 232 with down link perpendicular polarization receiving unit 234, and down link perpendicular polarization receiving unit 234 is coupled to downlink signal paths 236 with down link signal F2.Signal F2 is coupled to the first filter 238, the first filter 238 is designed to have the center passband, and (center passfrequency) 1960MHz also passes through 1930 to 1990MHz the interior frequency acceptance band F2 signal of frequency acceptance band (transmission band of base station), and filters out out-of-band undesirable frequency.

Other filters of pre-filter 238 and unit 230 can be realized by so-called " pottery " band pass filter.For exemplary embodiment, can use conventional ceramic band-pass filter, its median filter has three limits, and is customized on the nearby frequency bands edge that is positioned at another operation transmission or frequency acceptance band or the zero point of its vicinity.The pole and zero of filter transfer function has defined the position of the singular point in the s face that conventionally is used for filter analysis and design, and is used as the criterion of filter complexity.Such filter is designed in around the centre frequency 1960MHz, with by 1930 to 1990MHz frequency acceptance band, or around centre frequency 1880MHz, to pass through transmission band 1850 to 1910MHz, that be used for passing the uplink signal of (BS) to the base station.As shown in figure 18, leave the separation of 20MHz between two signals.But, as described, frequency band 222 and 224 is not desirable, shown in Figure 18 dotted line, has actual crossover point 229 between the response of frequency band 222 and 224.

The extremely ceramic preselector band pass filter of routine three that is used for transmission band 1850 to 1910MHz can be by the Microwave Circuits that is positioned at Washington DC, and the model C 031880E that Inc. makes realizes.Routine three utmost point ceramic band-pass filters that are used for frequency acceptance band 1930 to 1990MHz can be by Microwave Circuits, and the model C 031960J that Inc. makes realizes.

Three conventional utmost point ceramic band-pass filters have crosspoint 229 near with respect to the peak signal level in pass band areas 222 and 224 about-performance characteristic of 3dB.Slope and the shape of routine three utmost point ceramic filters response outside the pass band areas 222 and 224 are mainly determined by passband width and limit number.BS transmission (Tx) filter on the lower frequency side 227 has the measured response in the passband of BS reception (Rx) filter passband 222.This Token Holder BS transmits isolation or the prevention degree between (Tx) and BS reception (Rx) frequency band.Same, the upper frequency side 226 of BS reception (Tx) filter has the measured response in the passband of BS transmission (Tx) filter passband 224.This Token Holder BS receives isolation or the prevention degree between (Rx) and BS transmission (Tx) frequency band.

By transmit in other operations or the neighboring edge of frequency acceptance band on or in filter transfer function, increase zero point near it, COV 229 can from the design of conventional ceramic filter approximately-3dB is reduced to approximately-10dB, and isolation or prevention degree that BS transmits between (Tx) and BS reception (Rx) frequency band can be increased.For example, can the operation frequency band be 1850 to 1910MHz BS receive the 1932MHz of (Rx) band pass filter upper or near increase zero point, can the operation frequency band be on the 1908MHz of 1930 to 1990MHz band pass filter or near increase zero point.This design of filter provides with respect to the intersection 229 of operation passband response for-10dB and has stoped or separation number.In the prevention that just can improve the intersection 229 frequency places of 1920MHz from the operation frequency band close to more, the passband that still moves frequency band may have larger decay and group delay with zero-point positioning.

Self-defined ceramic three utmost point band pass filters with zero point can be by Portland, and the ComNav Engineering of the self-defined filter of franchise wireless communication system of Maine provides.The self-defined ceramic three grades of band pass filters with zero point that are used for BS reception (Rx) frequency band can be model 3BCR6C-1880/Z75-LX, and being used for BS transmission (Tx) frequency band can be model 3BCR6C-1960/Z75-LX.

The another one advantage of three utmost point ceramic band-pass filters at design and use band zero point is that filter is relatively cheap and volume is little.Such design has been avoided to additional filter or with the demand of the more complex filters of additional pole, this so that the volume of filter and cost and group delay minimize.By reducing group delay, as shown in the enhancer units 230 of example, can satisfy the ability that under urgent 911 location requirement, in time finds the user.Larger delay will cause more coarse user location, and therefore may disturb and in emergency circumstances find the user.That the exemplary embodiment of enhancer units 230 provides is low-cost, the favorable characteristics of portable use ability and the group delay that reduces.

After the filtering, signal F2 is coupled to for the low noise amplifier of signal F2 the first amplifying stage (LNA) 240, and does not significantly increase the noise ratio of signal.Then, amplifying signal F2 be coupled to can be with filter 238 the second filter 242, be used for filtering the outer frequency of frequency acceptance band, closer to mate desirable frequency acceptance band.Signal F2 after the filtration is coupled to the variable gain amplifier 244 of control down link signal F2 power output.If gain is more than or equal to 1, i.e. 0dB or larger, then variable gain amplifier 244 is as preamplifier.If gain is less than 1 or less than 0dB, then variable gain amplifier 244 also can be used as attenuator.Use variable gain amplifier 244 as the control appliance that is used for signal amplitude control just can provide with 0.5 and 1dB control as the resolution of the signal amplitude of step-length, and provide the even control that need not to calibrate the signal amplitude that each Signal Booster 230 just can realize.The dynamic range of the variable gain amplifier 244 of example is about 50dB, having covered gain to be approximately-25dB is to the scope of the output signal value of+23dB.

The output signal of variable gain amplifier 244 is further amplified by power amplifier (PA) 246.The output of PA 246 couples by conventional directional coupler 248, wherein directional coupler 248 sampled signal F2 little but part the measuring as the PA power output of amplitude proportional.Directional coupler 248 can be the Skyworks Solutions of Wodurn Massachusetts, and the DC17-73 that Inc. makes and can be approximately in the coupling port value-have during 11dB the insertion loss less than 1dB.After coupler 248, output signal couples by the 3rd and last filter 250 that can be identical with filter 238.

Be coupled to dual polarized server antenna 252 after signal F2 in the end filters, be used for transmitting to the user from the horizontal polarization part 254 of antenna 252.Transmitting again from antenna part 254 to the user provides in the maximum isolation of the receiving unit 234 of antenna 232, and wherein the receiving unit of antenna 232 is by perpendicular polarization or vertical with part 254.

Variable gain amplifier 244 is controlled by microcontroller 256, and microcontroller 256 is in the power output of predetermined periodic intervals from directional coupler 248 sampled signal F2.Microcontroller can be Chandler, the Microchip Technology of Arizon, the PIC16F873 equipment that Inc. makes.The function of microcontroller 256 also can be by self-defining application-specific IC (ASIC), complex programmable logic equipment (CPLD), SOC (system on a chip) (SOC) integrated circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA) or similarly equipment execution.

Directional coupler 248 offers RF power detector 258 with the sampling section of signal F2.An exemplary embodiment is used by Norwood, the Analog Devices of Massachusetts, RF logarithmic detector and controller AD8313 that Inc. makes.Use the RF logarithmic detector that the dynamic range of relatively wide signal amplitude detection just is provided, and can provide in the 70dB dynamic range ± precision of 3dB, or provide in the 62dB dynamic range ± precision of 1dB.Can use low-cost equipment, such as diode detector, but each diode detector in the Signal Booster 230 of the application's accuracy and repeatable meeting requirement calibration example.The calibration of each Signal Booster 230 will significantly increase the expense of unit in a large amount of manufacturing operations.Wish to avoid after assembling, to need to calibrate arbitrary element of the unit 230 of example.

Output signal from RF power detector 258 is coupled to microcontroller 256 by buffer stage 260.Buffer stage provides the impedance output lower than the output of RF power detector.The Buffer output of the signal that detects is coupled to analog to digital converter (ADC) part 262 in the microcontroller 256.The power level of the signal F2 that microcontroller 256 comparison RF detect, and with itself and predetermined or initialized power level comparison, hereinafter will describe.Normally in service, microcontroller 256 compares power output and the operation output level of being scheduled to or its scope.Microcontroller 256 is to the output of digital to analog converter (DAC) part 264 transmitted signals with adjustment variable amplifier 244, with the output power levels of this control signal F2.DAC part 264 can be from Milpitas, the two 10-bit DAC of the LTC1661 micropower of the Linear Technology Corporation of California.LTC 1661 DAC provide accurate addressable 10-bit DAC of two highly linears in inner wrapping, therefore an equipment can provide DAC part 264 and 262.

Adjust digital to analog converter (DAC) part 264 of the output of variable amplifier 244 and have the signal amplitude that the RF logarithm power detector 258 of equal accuracy work with regard to making it possible to realize need not each exemplary unit 230 of single calibration with the variable gain amplifier 244 with the control of enough linear dynamic ranges, with the resolution of wishing on the position of abundance and the control range and control.230 pairs of Signal Boosters that do not need to calibrate realize that low manufacturing cost is very important.

User's transmitted signal is received, is amplified by antenna 232 and be sent to the base station in the mode similar to downlink signal paths 236 by antenna 252.The signal that the perpendicular polarization part 270 of antenna 252 receives from the user.Then uplink signal F1 is coupled to the first filter 272 on the uplink signal path 274.The first filter 272 is except being designed to centered by 1880MHz to filter 1850 to 1910MHz the transmission band, and is basic identical with filter 238.Except frequency band, each element of up link F1 signal path 274 is identical with respective element that the front is described for down link signal F2 path 236 on function.Then signal F1 after the filtration is coupled to LNA 276, and is output to the second filter 278.Signal F1 is coupled to variable gain amplifier 280 and exports PA282 to from the second filter 278.Then, signal F1 is coupled to horizontal polarization part 288 for the antenna 232 that transmits to the base station by directional coupler 284 and last filter 286.F1 is identical with down link signal, and the output power levels of signal F1 is directed coupler 284 samplings, and is fed to RF power detector 290.The RF power detector signal is coupled to the ADC part 294 of microcontroller 256 by buffer 292.Microcontroller 256 is by the gain of DAC part 296 output analog control signals with control variable gain amplifier 280, and the therefore output power levels of control signal F1.

The example signal booster is wished that low-cost and portable target is with regard to the needs of support to autonomy or Lookup protocol or initialization and monitoring program.This automatic installation procedure has been described in state diagram 300 among Figure 20, and Figure 21 has described regularly and the power chart.The user is to Signal Booster, such as the booster 230 of example, add power source after, microcontroller 256 compares predetermined reference or 304 (with reference to the Figure 21) that gain in down link signal F2 power and the initial condition (INIT State) 306.If the sensed downlink power level of signal F2 is less than reference level 304, microcontroller 256 increases the power output of down link signal F2 and uplink signal F1 so.For example, microcontroller 256 increases 1dB with per second with output power levels, shown in straight line 308, until reach-and the power level 310 of 10dBm, it also is lower than level 304.Then, microcontroller 256 will increase power output with the speed of 0.5dB per second, shown in straight line 312, until reach the reference power level 304 of 0dBm.Alternatively, may reach maximum variable gain amplifier setting+23dB, and reference level 304 is with corresponding adjustment.At operation or initial reference level 304 places, set the more low level gain level 314 that is lower than level 3045dB.In other words, for the lower level of keeping the yield value scope that signal amplitude gain sets with respect to being-5dB corresponding to the upper level of reference gain value.

Then, microcontroller 256 will enter monitor state 316, one group of LED or other visual indicating equipments (with reference to Figure 25) will be set with the state of indication operation downlink power level 304.In monitor state 316, microcontroller 256 is the operation of several condition monitoring enhancer units 230.

In downlink equalize state 318, the downlink signal power F2 that collects is less than reference gain 304 values, and the yield value of variable gain amplifier 244 is less than lower window (lower-window gain) 314 values that gain.Microcontroller 256 can increase up link and downlink gain, until the F2 signal power allows variable gain value or level in level 304 and 314 windows that form or until reach maximum.Because should be relatively stable at the fixed range place from the signal of base station, so the speed that signal gain increases be relatively slow.

In uplink equalize state 320, the uplink signal power F1 that collects is less than predetermined maximum uplink power level, for example+and 20dBm, and less than reference gain level 304.Microcontroller 256 can increase uplink signal power F1, until reach predetermined maximum uplink gain level or the reference gain level 304 of variable gain amplifier 244.In this case, because the user moves freely at building or other positions, so the speed of change in gain is relatively very fast, cause the uplink signal power level fluctuation.

The use of down link peak level and downlink overdrive level refers to maximum signal amplitude value; The use equivalent in meaning and replaceable of these two terms.Similarly, the use of up link peak level and uplink overdrive level refers to maximum signal amplitude value; The use equivalent in meaning and replaceable of these two terms.

In downlink overdrive state 322, the downlink signal power F2 that collects is more than or equal to the predetermined monitor levels on level 304.Microcontroller 256 can reduce up link and downlink gain, is set to+the downlink overdrive reference monitor level of 2dBm until the F2 signal power is lower than.In state 322, visual detector, such as red LED, flicker has exceeded maximum downlink signal power 304 with indication.When the F2 signal power be lower than again+during the downlink overdrive reference monitor power level of 2dBm, enhancer units 230 will turn back to monitor state 316.

In uplink overdrive state 324, the uplink signal power F1 that collects is greater than the uplink overdrive reference monitor power level of+21dBm.Microcontroller 256 can only reduce uplink gain, until the F1 signal power is lower than uplink overdrive reference monitor power level.In state 324, visual detector, such as red LED, flicker has exceeded maximum uplink signal power with indication.When the F1 signal power is lower than again uplink overdrive reference monitor power level, enhancer units 230 will turn back to monitor state 316.

When predetermined time out period expiration, wherein in time out period among down link signal F2 and the uplink signal F1 the two or any one greater than separately peak level, then enter autoshutdown state 326.Predetermined time out period, cycle duration of 300 seconds for example, after the expiration, microcontroller 256 can reduce down link and uplink path 236 and 274 to the least gain setting.This is closed condition basically, its decay significantly RF signal F1 and F2.

This closed condition prevent the enhancer units 230 of example be in such as may by the vibration or unstable caused lasting overdrive condition.At listed normal operation levels place, exemplary unit 230 can provide about system gain of 80 to 85dB.Enhancer units 230 system gains of example generally include the alms giver of the peak gain values that has respectively about 13dBi and the antenna gain value of server antenna.

Figure 22 has provided flow chart 330, realization is controlled the variable gain of the Signal Booster 230 of example, state diagram 300 described operations that its explanation is used for.In initial step 332, the unit 230 of example is energized and enters automatically and powers on.In step 334, at microcontroller 256 interior setting variablees, then in step 336, microcontroller 256 begins to increase the gain in up link and downlink path 274 and 236.As among Figure 21 regularly shown in the chart 302, step 338 (as shown in figure 22) determines that down link signal F2 power is whether greater than-10dBm.If down link signal F2 power is less than-10dBm, then in step 340, microcontroller 256 is set and is increased to per second 1dB.If down link signal F2 power is greater than-10dBm, then in step 342, microcontroller 256 is set and is increased to per second 0.5dB.

If down link signal F2 power also is not 0dBm, perhaps gain also is not that maximum variable is set, and then determines to return or pull back to step 336 in step 344, to continue to increase the gain in up link and the downlink path.Be that maximum variable is set if down link signal F2 power is 0dBm or gain, then in step 344, determine to enter step 346, gain level 304 and lower gain level 314 (Figure 21) in the setting.In fact, gain level 304 and 314 is set the initial window of operation, and unit 230 also begins monitor state or operation in this step.

Determine at first in step 348 whether down link signal F2 power allows power output or overdrive power level greater than peak value.If down link signal F2 power then enters downlink overdrive state 322 greater than downlink overdrive power level, and in step 350, reduce up link and downlink path gain.If in determination step 352, down link signal F2 power is less than downlink overdrive power level, then in step 354, will again reset time out period or the timer of overdriving, and unit 230 will return monitor state and step 348.If in determination step 352, down link signal F2 power is still greater than downlink overdrive power level, then will check overtime in determination step 356 or overdrives timer or cycle duration.If the predetermined lasting time cycle is not expiration also, then unit 230 will return or pull back to step 350 to continue to reduce gain.If the predetermined lasting time cycle expires, then in step 358, by being minimum value with the two gain setting of down link and uplink path in autoshutdown state 326, unit 230 will be closed.

Power is not more than downlink overdrive power level if the judgement in the step 348 is down link signal F2, checks uplink signal F1 power with respect to its preset peak limit so in step 360.If uplink signal F1 power then enters uplink overdrive state 324 greater than preset peak limit, and only reduces uplink variable gain in step 362.If in determination step 364, uplink signal F1 power is less than the uplink overdrive power level, then in step 354, will reset time out period or the timer of overdriving, and unit 230 will return monitor state and step 348.If in determination step 364, uplink signal F1 power is still greater than the uplink overdrive power level, then in determination step 366, will check overtime or overdrives timer or cycle duration.If the predetermined lasting time cycle is not expiration also, then unit 230 will return or pull back to step 362 to continue to reduce gain.If the predetermined lasting time cycle expires, then in step 358, by being minimum value with the gain setting in down link and the uplink path, unit 230 will be closed, and this forces variable amplifier to be used as attenuator 326 times at the autoshutdown state.

If in step 360, uplink signal F1 power is not more than preset peak limit, then in determination step 368, whether judge down link signal F2 power less than initial reference level 0dBm, and whether downlink gain is set less than lower window level 314.If down link signal F2 power is less than down link reference level 0dBm, and the gain of down link variable amplifier is less than lower window level 314, and then in step 370, up link and downlink path gain all are increased or increase.Then, unit 230 returns timer reset process 354, and and then returns monitor state 348.If down link signal F2 power is more than or equal to down link reference power level 0dBm, perhaps the down link variable gain setting is greater than lower window level 314, then in step 372, whether judge uplink signal F1 power less than uplink reference level+20dBm, and whether less than upper window level 314.If uplink signal F1 power less than lower window level 314, then only increases or increases uplink signal F1 power less than uplink reference power level+20dBm and up link variable amplifier yield value in step 374.Then, unit 230 returns timer reset process 354, and returns monitor state 348.If in step 372, uplink signal F1 power more than or equal to uplink reference power+20dBm or up link variable amplifier yield value more than or equal to upper window level 314, then unit 230 returns timer reset process 354 as before, and returns monitor state 348.

In service in described exemplary unit 230 is according to for example by the timer interrupt timing interval shown in the timing chart among Figure 23, the uplink signal power of sampling periodically F1 and downlink signal power F2.If downlink signal power F2 is higher than peak-limitation or level 304, then all with predetermined speed, for example per second 2dBm reduces for up link and down link signal, until eliminate overdrive condition.If only sense uplink signal power F1 in overdrive condition, only have so uplink signal path with predetermined speed, for example per second 20dBm reduces, until overdrive condition is eliminated.As described, if existing, arbitrary overdrive condition reaches the predetermined lasting time cycle, and for example 300 seconds [5 minutes], then two paths all are set to least gain, in case any lasting overdrive condition in the stop element 230.

Timer interrupt timing interval is set in microcontroller 256, and provides regularly for all operations of unit 230.Shown in timing chart 380, be periodic duty, such as down link signal F2 and the power of uplink signal F1, DAC and ADC and the visual detector operation etc. of digital and analog signaling of sampling, provide the synchronization timing interval of 5 milliseconds (ms).The 5ms interval was comprised of 10 stages (phase); Phase-0, Phase-1 to Phase-9, they have formed synchronization blocks 382 and have repeated continuously.Just add 1 synchronous block counter (not marking among the figure) every 50 milliseconds (ms) by using at Phase-0 place, synchronization blocks 382 is just moved every 50 milliseconds (ms).Synchronous block counter count down to whole timing frame for 100 milliseconds of (ms) intervals of the time delay of setup unit 230 in the mode of mould as 2.Another counter (not marking among the figure) just adds 1 every the time frame (100 milliseconds (ms)) that is used for 5 frames, so that the counter of 500 milliseconds (ms) to be provided, is used for providing 300 seconds timeing closing cycles.Regularly chart 380 provides 5,50,100 milliseconds (ms) and 0.5 second the fixed time interval that unit 230 uses.

Shown in timing chart 380, microcontroller 256 provides 2 timed interrupt cycle of fixed rate.The first Interruption, Timer0 is provided for the substantially whole timing of unit 230.There are 10 independently Timer0 intervals, Phase-0 to Phase-9, front 8 intervals wherein, Phase-0 to Phase-7 is used for uplink signal F1 and the sampling of down link signal F2 power level.The second Interruption, Timer1 provides ADC (analog to digital converter) switching rate.The 9th interval, Phase-8 is used for and will be loaded into DAC 264 and 296 for the suitable gain setting of uplink signal F1 and down link signal F2 power level.The tenth interval, Phase-9 is used for setting gain, renewal optics or the visual detector of uplink signal F1 and down link signal F2 variable gain amplifier 244 and 280 and is provided for 50 milliseconds (ms) and the counter at 500 milliseconds of (ms) intervals.50 milliseconds of (ms) intervals are used for upgrading the state of microcontroller 256, and 500 milliseconds of (ms) intervals are used for the flicker of LED or other visual detector and are used for lasting 300 seconds overtime order time cycles of overdrive condition.

Three kinds of basic wireless protocols of current existence are used for the US PCS frequency band of the second generation (2G) radio communication.The first agreement is the IS-95 standard, namely in code division multiple access (CDMA) agreement of North America extensive use.The characteristics of CDMA are spread spectrums, and namely CDMA expanding packet on the bandwidth more much bigger than primary signal bandwidth is contained in the information in signal specific or the interested signal.CDMA also uses unique digital code, rather than the frequency band that separates, and distinguishes channel.Because each subscriber channel is separated by unique digital code, so all users can share identical frequency band.The second agreement is global system for mobile communications (GSM), and it is European popular time division multiple access (TDMA) agreement.In the TDMA agreement, channel is separated by the time slot in the whole frame.The third agreement is the IS-136 standard, and this is the another kind of TDMA agreement of using in the North America.

As an example, the operation of exemplary embodiment relates to the use of gsm protocol.Gsm protocol is as the TDMA agreement operation with 8 time slots, wherein each 577 microsecond duration of time slot.8 time slots need the frame of 4.616 milliseconds (ms).This sequence needs the frame period of about 5ms to comprise all 8 time slots.According to nyquist sampling standard or interval, unit 230 can use 250 microseconds, ADC (A/D) 262 and sampling interval of 294, it provides two or more at least samplings for each GSM time slot.

Nyquist interval is with so that signal waveform can be by the maximum time interval between the same equal interval sampling of complete definite signal.The inverse of the twice of the highest frequency of the signal that the Nyquist interval equals to sample.In fact, when in order to carry out that numeral transmits or when other processing and sampled analogue signals, because the quantization error that digitized process is introduced, sampling rate must be greater than the defined speed of Nyquist's theorem.Required sampling rate is determined by the accuracy of digitized process.

When to down link signal F2 and uplink signal F1 power samples, on the duration of frame, be 5 milliseconds (ms) here, preserve maximum or the peak value of sampling.This technique guarantee is determined the maximal power level of (on 8 GSM time slots) in the GSM frame, especially on uplink channel or path 274, during cells operated in less than the website message capacity, available time slot may all not use in cells there.On the contrary, the CDMA agreement is spread spectrum.The CDMA power spectrum evenly distributes on frequency band, so the CDMA agreement can be used simpler Sampling techniques.Therefore the signal enhancer unit 230 of example is not distinguished this three kinds of agreements, uses the peak value sampling method of being described by gsm protocol because its any one is all worked well in three agreements that are used for radio communication.

As second example, the operation of exemplary embodiment relates to the use of IS-136 agreement.The IS-136 agreement is as the TDMA agreement operation with 6 half rates (4800 bps) time slot and 3 full rates (9600 bps) time slot.In order to cover the IS-136 agreement, use the GSM sampling rate of every channel 250 microseconds, but at the IS-136 of 40ms protocol frame up-sampling.This sampling rate guarantees to contain 6 half rate time slots or 3 full speed degree time slots.In gsm protocol, at 8 GSM frames or 64 time slot up-samplings.But owing to calling the monitor state controlled circulation every 50 milliseconds (ms), therefore sampling is sufficient for complete covering.The monitor state controlled circulation is carried out at the 9th Timer0 interval every 50 milliseconds (ms).Based on the current sampled peak power level of determining 40 milliseconds of (ms) sample frame, the gain variables of master control varying cyclically up link and downlink channel or path 236 and 274.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that, need rightly sampled peak power level, just be used for the value of peak power of the communication system protocol of the signal that strengthened by unit 390 to derive abundant representative.Just can be had by Nyquist's theorem by the periodic sampling of the part of unit 390 amplifying signals and determine the sampling interval, and owing to analog signal is quantified as the acceptable error that number format produces.The required sampling interval can be determined by the communication system protocol with greatest frame rate.The required sampling period or the duration that are used for the continuous sampling sequence can be determined by the communication system protocol with greatest frame period.The renewal rate of peak power detection can be less than the inverse in sampling period.

With reference to Figure 24, the enhancer units embodiment 390 of example is installed on the window 392 of wall 394 of the fabric structure 396 that is partly represented.The zone that the strongest RF frequency of fabric structure transmits because window 392 is is normally come in and gone out is so unit 390 is installed on the window or its vicinity usually.

Figure 25 has described the enlarged drawing of exemplary unit 390.Usually utilize mounting bracket 398 that unit 390 is installed in the structure or on, mounting bracket 398 will be described in detail with reference to Figure 27 and 32 in the back.Unit 390 can comprise conventional power cable 400, and the user can be inserted into conventional supply socket (not marking among the figure), to power on and initialization unit 390.Alternatively, unit 390 can comprise conventional electric power cable 400, and it can be connected to conventional direct current (DC) power supply, such as battery.When switching on from unpowered state to signal enhancer unit, self-triggered program provides so-called plug and play user performance for unit 390.Unit 390 has supporting construction 402 (with reference to Figure 27), its support be dielectric material outside front server side radome 404, be rear alms giver's side radome 406 of dielectric material and other parts of unit 390.Front radome 404 can comprise the visual indication array 408 of LED or other optical indicator, such as liquid crystal display.Array 408 comprises, for example, yellow led 410, red LED 412 and green LED 414 do not have permanent order between them.

These three LED are used to indicate the relative level that starts down link variable amplifier gain during the initialization.For example, green LED is with just expression startup initialization of interval flashing in 0.5 second, the relative power of the open and close of yellow led 410 and red LED 412 and the expression down link amplifier that glimmers.In case initialization is finished, firmware enters monitor state.Monitor state is by flash red LED 412 expression downlink overdrive state.Flicker green LED 414 expression uplink overdrive state.Continuous red LED 412 expressions are closed or the autoshutdown state.If there is no overdrive or the autoshutdown state, then flashes yellow LED 410 expression downlink signal loss.If detect relatively low downlink signal power, then yellow led 410 continues to connect.If down link signal is greater than lower signal threshold value, then green LED is continued to connect.

Array 408 can be used for the running status of indicating member 390 visually to the user.For example, yellow led 410 flickers just represent do not have enough down link signal F2 power to can be used for unit 390.Because the user may begin not know where will receive the strongest signal, so the user can attempt the another location, such as another window (not marking among the figure) of the another side of structure 396.Yellow led 410 continue shinny just represent unit 390 can with down link signal F2 power be in low level.This prompting user is attempted other positions again.

Red LED 412 flickers just expression exist too many down link signal F2 power to can be used for unit 390, overdrive condition.Red LED 412 continues the overdrive condition that there is the down link signal F2 power of unit 390 in shinny expression, and it has surpassed time out period, and unit 390 has been closed.

There is enough down link signal F2 power at green LED 414 flicker expression 390 places, unit, and unit 390 is just in initialization.Green LED 414 continues 390 places, shinny expression unit enough down link signal F2 power, and unit 390 is under normal operation and monitor state.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that, 390 LED 410 with different colours or position, 412 and 414 and provide the state of unit electronics operation or the indication of situation to finish by the mode and the visual display that replace is provided in the unit.The use of LED is the cost effective method that the running status indication is provided to the user.The demonstration of other type such as liquid crystal display (LCD), can provide similar functions, and can be further use by digital numerical value additional information is provided, and provide larger space to come demonstration information.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that, can use other values of reference power and reference gain in the initial and monitor state of Signal Booster 230, and these also all fall into protection scope of the present invention.As an example, in order to satisfy Federal Communications Committee (FCC) for the restriction of the RF of Effective Radiated Power (ERP) emission, uplink overdrive power level or up link max power level can approximately be decreased to approximately+15 to+17dBm from aforementioned+20dBm.And the parameter of renewal rate, amplitude signal step sizes, signal intensity speed, overtime, settling time etc. can be different from aforementioned value, and still fall into spirit of the present invention and protection range.The Signal Booster 230 of example has been described in conjunction with the serviceability of GSM, CDMA in the US PCS operation frequency band and IS-136 TDMA ability.Equipment 230 can be modified to operate in the different spectral, and/or can be modified to support the Additional Agreement including, but not limited to WCDMA, IMT2000,1xEV-DO, GPRS, EDGE, TETRA and iDEN.

With reference to Figure 26, part or the server component 420 of exemplary unit 390 described.Parts 420 can be the final products in a stage of manufacturing cell 390, and it can be sold large whole seller or other entities, and they can add themselves front dielectric radome 404 and rear dielectric radome 406.Parts 420 comprise inside or first medium radome layer or the plate 422 that can be used for making parts 420 combinations, and if before being transported to the user, added front dielectric radome 404 for parts 420, then it can be removed.

Parts 420 comprise at least one server patch array active antenna (drivenantenna) layer 424.In the array plaster 426,428,430 and 432 each is corresponding to the vertical of server antenna 252 and horizontal polarization part 254 and 270 (with reference to Figure 36).Antenna 252 generally includes the second parasitic patch array antenna layer 434, thinks that unit 390 increases the operation bandwidth.In the non-active driven parasitic array patches 436,438,440 and 442 each is corresponding to each active array paster 426,428,430 and 432.Antenna 252 comprises the foam core dielectric wall between two aerial array layers 424 and 434.Parts 420 also comprise metallic or metallic conduction ground plane or coil 446 and a pair of chokes framework (chock frame) 448 and 450, this has formed RF chokes assembly to the chokes framework when being assembled together with dish 446, suppressing and control RF electric current, otherwise the RF electric current may flow to outer peripheral end or face 202,203,204 and 202 (Figure 17) are upper or near.The RF chokes assembly of example forms 2 channels of embracing layer 432 and 442 interior radiant elements; At the running frequency place that is approximately 1920MHz, it is dark that each channel is approximately quarter-wave.

With reference to Figure 27, the partly exploded view of the exemplary unit 390 of assembling has been described.Ground plane or coil 446 and be assembled together with chokes framework 448 and 450, chokes framework 448 and 450 size fit each other with fixed intervals.This just provides on running frequency width less than 1/2 wavelength, preferably less than one or more channels of 1/3 wavelength.Server antenna elements 424,434,444 and radome 422 be installed together the outer cup on the element.Donor antenna elements (not marking among the figure) also in dish or ground plane 452 and the day after tomorrow irdome 406 be assembled together, the outer cup on the element comprises inside antenna cover (not marking among the figure), and is the same with radome 422.Electronic shell 454 is installed between the dish 446 and 452.Server antenna elements 424,434 and 444 can be to be mounted with the back-to-back relation of donor antenna elements.For example, the active emitter element 426,428,430 and 432 of layer in 424 can be alignd with corresponding active emitter element and the parasitic radiation body member of donor antenna at the top with parasitic radiation body member 436,438,440 and 442, have separating distance between server antenna layer 424 and similar donor antenna layer 424.In other words, alms giver and server antenna array can be towards rightabouts, and wherein each radiant body has one or more conductive earthing faces over each other between aerial array.

One or more electron plates 456 are installed in the shell 454.Supporting construction 402 can be 4 essentially identical supporting brackets 458,460,462 and 464, and they are installed on the end face of dish 446 and 452.Because each is basic identical in the plate 458,460,462 and 464, so only supporting bracket 460 is described in detail.Plate 460 comprises first group of arm 466,468 and 470 that respectively carries hole or opening 472, and they align with the opening 474 that coils in 452.Plate 460 is installed on the dish 452 by the fixture (not marking among the figure) that is inserted through every pair of opening 472 and 474.Plate 460 also comprises second group of arm 476,478 and 480 that respectively carries hole or opening 472, and they align with the opening 474 that coils formation on 446.Plate 460 is installed on the dish 446 by being inserted through each fixture to opening 472 and 474 (not marking among the figure).

Every block of plate 458,460,462 and 464 also has a pair of screwed hole 482 and 484.Mounting bracket 398 comprises the base 486 with a pair of U-shaped leg support 488 and 490.Pair of leg 492 (only marking one of them among Figure 27) is screwed in the hole 482 and 484 on the plate 462, for example, although can how to be mounted by any one that uses in the plate 458,460,462 and 464 according to unit 390.Mounting bracket 398 bases 486 can also comprise a plurality of holes 494, and it can be used for plate 486 is installed in by fixture appropriate, that be inserted through hole 494 face of any hope.

So leg 492 is supported 488 and 490 by snapping to U-shaped leg, so that unit 390 is supported on the mounting bracket 398, shown in Figure 28 arrow.Not the time spent, hole 482 and 484 can be sealed or cover by stopper 496.

Figure 29 A, 29B, 29C have provided front view, end view and the vertical view of unit 390.

Figure 30 is that the unit 390 shown in Figure 29 A is along the sectional drawing of 30-30 line.

Figure 31 is that the unit 390 shown in Figure 29 A is along the sectional drawing of 31-31 line.

Figure 32 is that the unit 390 shown in Figure 29 A, base 486 and leg 492 are along the sectional drawing of 32-32 line.Leg 492 comprises and is arranged in threaded post 500 end, that be screwed into opening 484.Leg 492 comprises collar head 502, and its shape and leg support mirror image flange open 504 couplings that form on 488.

Figure 33 is bases 486 in 506 zones shown in Figure 32 and the amplification profile diagram of leg 492.Leg 492 can also be included in recess or the lock pin (detent) 508 on the bottom surface 510.Face 510 and opening 504 engagements, and lock pin 508 is biased with respect to the engagement kick 512 that is formed on spring (not marking among the figure) pin 514 tops.Pin 514 and help unit 390 is remained in the mounting bracket 398 with the projection 512 that is received in the lock pin 508.

Figure 34 is the amplification profile diagram of chokes device region 514 among Figure 30.

Figure 35 is another perspective view with the exemplary enhancer unit 390 of free support mounting bracket 520.Except the base 522 that enlarges, support 520 is basic identical with support 398.The base 522 that enlarges does not have specific crucial shape, but will be greatly to enough coming support unit 390 as the free support unit.Unit 390 is confirmed as being convenient to position or the building that the user moves to hope.In order to promote the portability of unit 390, handle 524 can be installed in the screwed hole 482 and 484 (not marking among the figure) on the top support plate 458.

Figure 36 has described the server dual polarized antenna 424 that is used for the enhancer units 390 of example.The antenna 424 of example generally includes printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 530, is formed with metal patch 426,428,430 and 432 on it.Down link signal F2 on the downlink path 236 is coupled to paster 426,428,430 and 432 by RF distribution network 532.Network 532 is fed to each paster 426,428,430 and 432 by each the horizontal feed element 534,536,538 and 540 that forms the horizontal polarization downlink portion 252 of server antenna 252 among Figure 19 with signal F2.

In a similar manner, uplink signal F1 is received by paster 426,428,430 and 432, and is coupled to uplink path 274 by RF distribution network 542.Each element 544,546 of vertically feeding, 548 and 550 of the perpendicular polarization uplink portion 270 of network 542 by forming server antenna 252 receives from each paster 426,428,430 and 432 signal F1.

Figure 37 has described the donor dual polarized antenna 232 of the enhancer units 390 of example.Example antenna 232 can comprise printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 560, is formed with metal patch 562,564,566 and 568 on it.Down link (DL) signal F2 is received by paster 562,564,566 and 568, and is coupled to downlink path 236 by RF distribution network 570.Paster 562,564,566 and 568 receives signal F2, and presents each element 572,574 of vertically feeding, 576 and 578 that forms the perpendicular polarization downlink portion 234 of donor antenna 232 among Figure 19.

In a similar manner, the uplink signal F1 on up link (UL) path 274 is coupled to paster 562,564,566 and 568 by RF distribution network 542.Network 542 is fed to each paster 562,564,566 and 568 by each horizontal feed element 582,584,586 and 588 of the horizontal polarization uplink portion 288 of formation donor antenna 232 with signal F1.

Should be appreciated that, the variant of server and donor antenna array layout can be used for supporting signal and strengthen function.As an example, can use such layout, namely in server antenna array, have the first radiant element distance values, in donor antenna array, have the second radiant element distance values.As second example, server antenna elements can be positioned as with respect to donor antenna elements has lateral separation or displacement, and the isolation of wishing between realization alms giver and the server antenna.The portable antenna array will cause the larger entire package size of Signal Booster to comprise lateral displacement between server and donor antenna.Another possible variant is that donor antenna and server antenna can have the distance of cutting apart greater than the unit sizes of arbitrary aerial array, and by one or more transmission lines, the coaxial cable shown in Figure 38 and 39 interconnects.

With reference to Figure 38, the enhancer units of constructing according to optional exemplary embodiment has the part 600,610 and 620 on the window 392 on fabric structure 396 walls 394 shown in the part of being installed in.Because window 392 normally passes in and out the zone that the strongest RF frequency of fabric structure transmits, and usually is placed on the window or its vicinity so comprise the unit 600 of donor antenna.The unit 620 that comprises server antenna can be placed near can be unit 600 place, separation point position or be positioned at respect to the distance of unit 600 less than 30 feet, and is usually located in the same room of the interior space.Are connected with the unit by RF transfer path parts 610 connections of supporting 2 independent RF signal paths in unit 600.

Figure 39 described have part 600, the zoomed-in view of 610 and 620 optional exemplary embodiment.Optional embodiment can comprise the independent sector 600 and 620 that connects with RF transmission lines parts 610.Optional embodiment can be with the removable section 600 of useful RF transmission lines parts 610 interconnection and 620 unit 390 (Figure 25).In the part 600 and 620 one or two can by mounting bracket 398 be installed in the structure or on.Optional embodiment can have one or more handles 524 (Figure 35) and free-standing base 520 (Figure 35).

Have part 600,610 and 620 optional embodiment can comprise conventional electric power cable 400, the user can be inserted into normal power supplies socket (not marking among the figure) or battery, thinks that the unit powers up and initialization.Part 600 has supporting construction 402a, is used for the outside front server side radome 404 of Supporting Media material, and other element of part 600.Part 620 comprises rear alms giver's side radome 406 of supporting construction 402b and dielectric material and other element of part 620.Front radome 404 can comprise LED's or other optical indicator visual indication array 408, such as liquid crystal display.In a variant with removable section 600, optional embodiment of 610 and 620, carriage can be added 402a and 402b and be connected to each other by one or more connectors or fixture (not marking among the figure), form the unit 390 (Figure 25) of assembling.

In sum, will understand, donor antenna or server antenna can be separated with the exemplary embodiment of Portable signal expanding element, and antenna is positioned at the locational installation that separates with expanding element to be conducive to wherein.For this installation, by cable, normally coaxial or optical fiber cable is connected with the electronic circuit of expanding element antenna, with transmission of signal between antenna and expanding element usually.For for the user provides Installation Flexibility, antenna can be movably mounted on the housing of expanding element, antenna and housing is installed discretely or is installed on the housing according to installing to use to allow the user.For example, conventional bracket can be used for antenna is installed on the housing, is used for the movement of signal expansion module from a position to the another location.So the user can remove these supports, removes antenna from housing, and antenna is installed to the position of separating with the expanding element of example.

Although describe the present invention in several embodiment, those skilled in the art can be easy to expect a lot of modifications, increase and the deletion that can carry out the present invention, and do not break away from inventive concept and scope.

Claims (8)

1. Signal Booster that is used for the service coverage extension of wireless communication system at least one Wireless Telecom Equipment in the areas of limited coverage of base station comprises:

Housing unit comprises the sub-component with ground plane and comprises cover;

The circuit that comprises downlink signal paths and uplink signal path, described downlink signal paths produces the base station signal that amplifies in response to base station signal, described uplink signal path produces the subscriber signal that amplifies in response to the subscriber signal from Wireless Telecom Equipment;

Be couple at least one donor antenna of described circuit, comprise the non-active parasitic radiation body member of the active emitter element of alms giver and alms giver;

Be couple at least one server antenna of described circuit, comprise the non-active parasitic radiation body member of the active emitter element of server and server;

Described donor antenna and described server antenna are positioned at the opposite side of described housing;

The non-active parasitic radiation body member of described alms giver is separated with the active emitter element of described alms giver;

The non-active parasitic radiation body member of described server is separated with the active emitter element of described server.

2. Signal Booster according to claim 1, wherein at least one in the uplink and downlink link signal path in the circuit comprises LNA, variable gain amplifier and power amplifier.

3. Signal Booster according to claim 1, at least one in wherein said donor antenna or the described server antenna comprises patch antenna.

4. Signal Booster according to claim 1, wherein said antenna are arranged in back-to-back adjacent to each other to be arranged.

5. Signal Booster that is used for the service coverage of spread radio communication system comprises:

Housing unit comprises ground plane and cover;

The circuit that comprises downlink signal paths and uplink signal path, described downlink signal paths produces amplifying signal by base station signal, and described uplink signal path produces amplifying signal by the Wireless Telecom Equipment signal;

Be couple at least one donor antenna of described circuit, comprise the non-active parasitic radiation body member of the active emitter element of alms giver and alms giver;

Be couple at least one server antenna of described circuit, comprise the non-active parasitic radiation body member of the active emitter element of server and server;

Described donor antenna and described server antenna are positioned at the opposite side of described housing;

The non-active parasitic radiation body member of described alms giver is separated with the active emitter element of described alms giver;

The non-active parasitic radiation body member of described server is separated with the active emitter element of described server.

6. Signal Booster according to claim 5, wherein at least one in the uplink and downlink link signal path in the circuit comprises LNA, variable gain amplifier and power amplifier.

7. Signal Booster according to claim 5, at least one in wherein said donor antenna or the described server antenna comprises patch antenna.

8. Signal Booster according to claim 5, wherein said antenna are arranged in back-to-back adjacent to each other to be arranged.

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