CN101938483A - Method and system for distributing live broadcast contents - Google Patents
Method and system for distributing live broadcast contents Download PDFInfo
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- CN101938483A CN101938483A CN2010102773909A CN201010277390A CN101938483A CN 101938483 A CN101938483 A CN 101938483A CN 2010102773909 A CN2010102773909 A CN 2010102773909A CN 201010277390 A CN201010277390 A CN 201010277390A CN 101938483 A CN101938483 A CN 101938483A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
- H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
- H04N21/2187—Live feed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/64322—IP
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- Multimedia (AREA)
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- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system for distributing live broadcast contents. The system comprises a central node and at least one edge node, wherein the edge node is directly connected with the central node or is connected with the central node through one or more edge nodes; the central node is connected with a live broadcast source and is used for acquiring transport stream (TS) and sending the TS to the edge node; the edge node is used for encapsulating and storing the TS acquired from the central node, receiving a request from a client of the node and providing a live broadcast service. The invention also provides a method for distributing the live broadcast contents, in particular a method for distributing the live broadcast contents for large-scale commercial use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the network multimedia technology field, be specifically related to a kind of live content distribution method and system.
Background technology
Internet engineering task tissue (Internet Engineering Task Force, hereinafter to be referred as IETF) propose HTTP Live Streaming in May, 2009 and (be called for short HLS, HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is live) draft draft-pantos-http-live-streaming (being called for short the HLS draft), and in latest update in June, 2010, HLS is a kind of based on HTTP/1.1 (HyperText Transfer Protocol, HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is hereinafter to be referred as HTTP) the network flow-medium application layer protocol.
According to the definition of HLS draft, HLS is made of server component, distributor assembly, client software three parts.Server component is responsible for that input medium stream is encapsulated as the form that is fit to transmission and is prepared against transmission; The distributor assembly is made of the Web Server (abbreviation Web server) of standard, is responsible for receiving client-requested and medium and related resource after the encapsulation are transferred to client; Client software is responsible for selecting medium, download media resource, and the integrating media resource is presented to the user in the mode of continuous media stream.
The form of suitable transmission mentioned above, it is a multimedia play list file with the URI sign, the HLS draft on M3U playlist form basis expanded definition the M3U8 play list file, be called for short the M3U8 index, wherein order comprises medium URI and information labels, each medium URI points to a media file, this media file is the segmentation of single continuous media stream, continuous media stream meets MPEG-2Transport Stream or MPEG-2 audio elementary stream[ISO_13818] standard, be called for short the TS code stream, media file is called for short the TS segmentation.During media stream, client software at first obtains the M3U8 index, obtains and play each TS segmentation in the M3U8 index then.Client software obtains new TS segmentation by heavily loaded M3U8 index.
HLS downloads the transmission that realizes Media Stream by HTTP, does not have the media timeline restriction during media delivery, can make full use of the network bandwidth, and anti-network instability is strong; HLS adopts standard Web to be convenient to operator and disposes media services at existing network; HLS adopts http protocol, is easy to pass through ISP (Internet Services Provider, Internet Service Provider) fire compartment wall, network-adaptive.HLS relies on above-mentioned advantage, appears gradually in the network multimedia field to surmount the real-time streaming protocol trend of (Real-Time Streaming Protocol is called for short RTSP).
The extensive commercialization of HLS faces the distribution problem of Media Stream.About the distribution of HLS Media Stream, the existing solution of industry is at single node, and vision signal accesses to commercial HLS encoder, and the HLS encoder encodes is packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation, thereby the Web server that is pushed to this node is realized the single node service.The group-network construction of a plurality of nodes is adopted in extensive commercial requirement, generally is divided into the multilevel hierarchy structure of Centroid and n level fringe node, may each node be relation arranged side by side also.Adopt under the situation of parallel construction, be equivalent to dispose a plurality of above-mentioned single node, vision signal need insert each node, increases the complexity of Content Management, and each node is provided with encoder and significantly increases equipment investment, can not be accepted by operator.Adopt under the situation of multilevel hierarchy structure, relaying M3U8 index and TS segmental file between nodes at different levels because distribution relates to the consistency that a plurality of files are difficult to keep each node content, increase the time delay of downstream site on the one hand on the other hand.Therefore, above-mentioned dual mode all can not well solve the extensive commercial Media Stream distribution problem of HLS.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of live content distribution method and system, adapts to extensive commercial Media Stream distribution scene.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of live content dissemination system, comprising: Centroid and at least one fringe node, described fringe node directly links to each other with described Centroid, perhaps link to each other with described Centroid by one or more fringe nodes, wherein:
Described Centroid links to each other with live source, is used to obtain TS stream, and described TS stream is sent to described fringe node;
The described TS stream that described fringe node is used for obtaining from described Centroid encapsulates and stores, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
Further, said system also can have following characteristics, and described Centroid also is used for described TS stream is encapsulated and stores, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
Further, said system also can have following characteristics, and described Centroid comprises Centroid streaming media server, Centroid HLS server, Centroid Web server, wherein:
Described Centroid streaming media server is used to obtain described TS stream, and described TS stream is handled the interpolation additional information, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to described Centroid HLS server and fringe node;
Described Centroid HLS server be used for described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Described Centroid Web server is used to accept this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
Further, said system also can have following characteristics, and described fringe node comprises fringe node streaming media server, fringe node HLS server and fringe node WEB server, wherein:
Described fringe node streaming media server is used for from described TS stream of Centroid streaming media server relaying and additional information described TS stream and additional information being transmitted to described fringe node HLS server;
Described fringe node HLS server be used for described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Described fringe node WEB server is used to accept this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
Further, said system also can have following characteristics, and described encapsulation comprises described TS stream is packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation.
The present invention also provides a kind of live content distribution method, comprising:
Centroid obtains TS stream, and described TS stream is sent to fringe node;
Described fringe node will encapsulate and store from the described TS stream that described Centroid obtains, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics, and described method also comprises: described Centroid encapsulates described TS stream and store, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics, and described Centroid obtains TS stream, described TS stream is sent to described fringe node comprises:
The Centroid streaming media server obtains described TS stream, and described TS stream is handled the interpolation additional information, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to described fringe node;
Described Centroid encapsulates described TS stream and store, and accepting this node client-requested provides the HLS direct broadcast service to comprise:
Centroid HLS server is handled the interpolation additional information with described TS stream, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to Centroid HLS server;
Described Centroid HLS server with described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
The Centroid Web server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics, and described fringe node will encapsulate and store from the described TS stream that described Centroid obtains, and accepting this node client-requested provides the step of HLS direct broadcast service to comprise:
The fringe node streaming media server is transmitted to fringe node HLS server from Centroid streaming media server relaying TS stream and additional information with described TS stream and additional information;
Fringe node HLS server with described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Fringe node WEB server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics, and described encapsulation comprises described TS stream is packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation.
The live content distribution method that the present invention proposes, the distribution that solves live content under the HLS large-scale application situation can effectively reduce live time delay, reduces operator's hardware device investment, is convenient to operator and carries out the HLS business on existing steaming media platform basis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an application scenarios schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention HLS code stream distribution flow schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the invention HLS client-requested handling process schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of live content distribution method, promptly, the multilevel hierarchy structure is adopted in the distribution of live content, the direct broadcast coder coding output TS stream of Centroid, TS stream is transferred to fringe node by relaying from Centroid, Centroid and fringe node all are provided with the sectionalizer assembly, the sectionalizer assembly is responsible for TS stream is encapsulated (being packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation in HTTP Live Streaming) and storage, be pushed to this node Web server in order to transmission, provide direct broadcast service by this node Web server to client at last.
Live content dissemination system provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, adopt the network architecture of multi-layer classification, comprise Centroid and at least one fringe node, fringe node can directly link to each other with Centroid, perhaps link to each other with Centroid by one or more fringe nodes, live source inserts Centroid, Centroid and fringe node deploy steaming media platform, steaming media platform comprise Streaming Media administration configuration client (not shown in figure 1), streaming media server, HLS server and Web server.The Centroid place also can not dispose HLS server and Web server.
Wherein, each module concrete function of Centroid is as follows:
The Centroid streaming media server obtains TS stream, wherein, can direct broadcast coder be set at Centroid, and live source inserts direct broadcast coder, and direct broadcast coder coding output TS flow to the Centroid streaming media server; Direct broadcast coder also can be independent of Centroid, and direct broadcast coder output TS flow to the Centroid streaming media server;
The Centroid streaming media server is handled the interpolation additional information to TS stream, and TS stream and additional information are transmitted to this node HLS server, and, described TS stream and additional information are sent to fringe node; Described processing can include but not limited to: add descrambling, the parsing of I frame, PCR (program clock reference, program clock reference) parsing;
Centroid HLS server encapsulates TS stream, medium after the storage enclosure and related resource; Storage medium is the memory space of nodes sharing; Wherein, in HLS, be packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation real-time storage; In other applied environments, be packaged into corresponding form, such as in HTTP Streaming (also claiming DASH), can encapsulate according to the MDP of 3GPP TS26.244 definition (Media Segment Profile, i.e. 3gm9, partitioning configuration) form;
The Centroid Web server is accepted this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided, and particularly, accepts this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.In HLS, be meant M3U8 index and TS segmentation are sent to client.
Wherein, each functions of modules of fringe node is as follows:
The fringe node streaming media server is used for: from Centroid streaming media server relaying TS stream and additional information; The TS of relaying stream and additional information are transmitted to fringe node HLS server;
Fringe node HLS server the TS stream of relaying encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource; The concrete concentricity node HLS of method for packing server, storage medium is the memory space of nodes sharing;
The fringe node Web server is accepted this node client-requested HLS is provided direct broadcast service.Particularly, the fringe node Web server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
The invention provides a kind of live content distribution method, comprising:
Centroid obtains TS stream, and described TS stream is sent to fringe node; Described Centroid also encapsulates described TS stream and store, and accepts this node client-requested HLS is provided direct broadcast service;
Fringe node will encapsulate and store from the described TS stream that described Centroid obtains, and accepts this node client-requested HLS is provided direct broadcast service.
Further, the Centroid streaming media server obtains described TS stream, and described TS stream is handled the interpolation additional information, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to described fringe node and Centroid HLS server;
Described Centroid HLS server with described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
The Centroid Web server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
Further, the fringe node streaming media server is transmitted to fringe node HLS server from described TS stream of Centroid streaming media server relaying and additional information with described TS stream and additional information;
Fringe node HLS server with described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Fringe node WEB server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
Further, described encapsulation comprises described TS stream is packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 2, the audio frequency and video input inserts the Centroid direct broadcast coder and encodes, and the TS stream of output sends to the Centroid streaming media server.The Centroid streaming media server is resolved video I frame, the TS bag is encapsulated as RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol, RTP) bag, the time stamp of RTP bag is according to PCR (the Program Clock Reference of TS bag, program clock reference) convert, RTP bag carries extension header and whether is used to refer to I frame and other process information.
Then, on the one hand, the Centroid streaming media server is issued this node HLS server to the TS circulation that is packaged into RTP.This node HLS server is cut into TS segmentation and the M3U8 index that meets the HLS draft to TS stream, is stored on this node shared storage device.On the other hand, the Centroid streaming media server receives RTSP (real-time Transmission stream protocol) request of fringe node streaming media server, follows the RTSP standard procedure and sets up the relaying connection, and the control protocol of connection adopts RTSP, and host-host protocol adopts RTP.The Centroid streaming media server is issued the fringe node streaming media server to the TS circulation that is packaged into RTP.
Because TS stream is handled through Centroid, the fringe node streaming media server directly is transmitted to this node HLS server, node HLS process that subsequent process is concentricity after receiving the TS stream of relaying.
As shown in Figure 3, when client during to fringe node Web server request direct broadcast service, the fringe node Web server reads the TS segmentation and the M3U8 index returns to client from this node shared storage device, and client is presented to the user with programme televised live.
Describe with the distribution of HTTP Live Streaming live content in the foregoing description, the present invention also goes for the HTTP Streaming live content distribution of (or claiming DASH).
The live content distribution method that the present invention proposes, the distribution that solves live content under the HLS large-scale application situation can effectively reduce live time delay, reduces operator's hardware device investment, is convenient to operator and carries out the HLS business on existing steaming media platform basis.
Here it is to be noted; specific embodiment among the present invention has just been enumerated indivedual example of the present invention; the HTTP Live Streaming live content distribution of using design philosophy of the present invention and any equivalent transformation thereof to realize all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a live content dissemination system is characterized in that, comprising: Centroid and at least one fringe node, and described fringe node directly links to each other with described Centroid, perhaps links to each other with described Centroid by one or more fringe nodes, wherein:
Described Centroid links to each other with live source, is used to obtain TS stream, and described TS stream is sent to described fringe node;
The described TS stream that described fringe node is used for obtaining from described Centroid encapsulates and stores, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described Centroid also is used for described TS stream is encapsulated and stores, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
3. system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described Centroid comprises Centroid streaming media server, Centroid HLS server, Centroid Web server, wherein:
Described Centroid streaming media server is used to obtain described TS stream, and described TS stream is handled the interpolation additional information, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to described Centroid HLS server and fringe node;
Described Centroid HLS server be used for described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Described Centroid Web server is used to accept this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
4. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described fringe node comprises fringe node streaming media server, fringe node HLS server and fringe node WEB server, wherein:
Described fringe node streaming media server is used for from described TS stream of Centroid streaming media server relaying and additional information described TS stream and additional information being transmitted to described fringe node HLS server;
Described fringe node HLS server be used for described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Described fringe node WEB server is used to accept this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described systems, it is characterized in that described encapsulation comprises described TS stream is packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation.
6. a live content distribution method is characterized in that, comprising:
Centroid obtains TS stream, and described TS stream is sent to fringe node;
Described fringe node will encapsulate and store from the described TS stream that described Centroid obtains, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: described Centroid encapsulates described TS stream and store, and accepts this node client-requested direct broadcast service is provided.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described Centroid obtains TS stream, described TS stream is sent to described fringe node comprises:
The Centroid streaming media server obtains described TS stream, and described TS stream is handled the interpolation additional information, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to described fringe node;
Described Centroid encapsulates described TS stream and store, and accepting this node client-requested provides the HLS direct broadcast service to comprise:
Centroid HLS server is handled the interpolation additional information with described TS stream, and described TS stream and additional information are transmitted to Centroid HLS server;
Described Centroid HLS server with described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
The Centroid Web server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
Described fringe node will encapsulate and store from the described TS stream that described Centroid obtains, and accepting this node client-requested provides the step of HLS direct broadcast service to comprise:
The fringe node streaming media server is transmitted to fringe node HLS server from Centroid streaming media server relaying TS stream and additional information with described TS stream and additional information;
Fringe node HLS server with described TS stream encapsulate and storage enclosure after medium and related resource;
Fringe node WEB server is accepted this node client-requested, and medium and related resource after the described encapsulation of storage are sent to client.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 or 9 is characterized in that, described encapsulation comprises described TS stream is packaged into M3U8 index and TS segmentation.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102773909A CN101938483A (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2010-09-03 | Method and system for distributing live broadcast contents |
| PCT/CN2011/076316 WO2012028022A1 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-06-24 | Live broadcast content distribution method and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102773909A CN101938483A (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2010-09-03 | Method and system for distributing live broadcast contents |
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| CN101938483A true CN101938483A (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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| CN2010102773909A Pending CN101938483A (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2010-09-03 | Method and system for distributing live broadcast contents |
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| WO2012028022A1 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Live broadcast content distribution method and system |
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| CN102843614A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-12-26 | 优视科技有限公司 | Streaming media display method and equipment and system |
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