CN101862886A - Hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and realization device thereof - Google Patents
Hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and realization device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and a realization device thereof, which belong to the technical field of welding. The invention solves the problems of low welding efficiency and low welding quality in the existing consumable electrode gas protection welding method and the device for realizing the welding method caused by incapability of realizing the reasonable distribution of welding wires and hot input of fusing tanks. The welding method comprises the following steps: placing the tail end of the consumable electrode welding wire near a part to be welded of a work piece to be welded; forming a main arc between the tail end of the consumable electrode welding wire and the surface to be welded of the work piece to be welded under the effect of a constant voltage welding power supply for realizing the welding; placing the tail end of a conductive annular sleeve of a welding gun near the side wall of the consumable electrode welding wire in the welding process; and forming a preheating electric arc between the tail end of the conductive annular sleeve of the welding gun and the side wall of the consumable electrode welding wire under the effect of a constant current welding power supply for realizing the preheating on the consumable electrode welding wire. The realization device consists of the constant current power supply, the constant voltage welding power supply and the welding gun. The invention is used for the implementation of the gas protection welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and implement device thereof, belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous progress of manufacturing fast development and solder technology, Welding Structure has obtained using widely.Because the welding engineering amount is very huge, the operating efficiency of traditional welding method can not satisfy the demand of weld task, and therefore various efficient welding methods become the research focus.In numerous welding methods, gas metal-arc welding easily is automated, can carries out advantage such as all-position welding, energy-conservation and joint quality be good because of it, and is widely used in the high efficiency welding method.In the welding method of existing gas metal-arc welding; the high efficiency means that adopt comprise: use the protection of multi component mixed gas body, increase welding current and use composite heat power supply etc., T.1.M.E(TransferIonizedMotlenEnergy high efficiency welding procedure commonly used has) weldering, the big current MAG weldering of magnetic control, mariages/multifibres weldering and double-sided arc welding etc.T.I.M.E. welding procedure is to adopt big stem elongation and quaternary protective gas to change the form of welding arc, the stress of molten drop is changed, obtain to stablize the rotating jet transient process, but it is very limited to the raising of deposition efficiency that its defective is a protective gas, and the expensive price of employed protective gas has also limited the widespread adoption of this technology; The multifibres multiarc welding can realize the compound weldering of single face multi sphere, and this welding method has significantly improved speed of welding, and the heat input of unit interval inside weld is reduced, can be used for the efficient welding of thin plate, but its complex process equipment, the mutual serious interference between the multi sphere, wayward; The mode that increases welding current can improve welding efficiency, but also can cause the droplet transfer bad stability, produces forming defectses such as undercut, hump.Under the situation that does not change welding current, the input of the heat in reasonable distribution welding wire and molten bath becomes the key point of efficient melting electrode welding method thus.
In sum, existing welding method makes welding efficiency low owing to can not realize the heat input in reasonable distribution welding wire and molten bath, and welding quality is not high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve in welding method that has gas metal-arc welding now and the device of the realizing welding method; owing to can not realize the heat input in reasonable distribution welding wire and molten bath; make welding efficiency low; the problem that welding quality is not high provides a kind of hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method and implement device thereof.
The present invention is a kind of hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method, it adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply and the constant voltage source of welding current to implement, the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply is connected with the conductive ring set of welding gun, the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply is connected with the electrode holder of welding gun, and the consumable electrode welding wire is clipped on the electrode holder of welding gun; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current is connected with the electrode holder of welding gun, and the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current is connected with workpiece to be welded, and its welding method is:
With the end of consumable electrode welding wire position to be welded near workpiece to be welded, under the effect of the constant voltage source of welding current, form minor arc between the surface to be welded of the end of consumable electrode welding wire and workpiece to be welded, realize welding;
In welding process, with the end of the conductive ring set of welding gun sidewall near the consumable electrode welding wire, under the effect of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply, form pre-thermic arc between the sidewall of the end of the conductive ring set of welding gun and consumable electrode welding wire, realize preheating to the consumable electrode welding wire.
The device of realization said method is made up of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply, the constant voltage source of welding current and welding gun, the cathode output end of described CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply connects the conductive ring set of welding gun, the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply connects the electrode holder of welding gun, the electrode holder of welding gun is positioned on the axis of conductive ring set, and the space in the middle of electrode holder and the conductive ring set is a preheating arc protection gas passage; The conductive ring set lower end of welding gun is tapering type, is uniform discharging gap between described conductive ring set lower end and the electrode holder sidewall; Conductive ring set also is provided with the gas shield cover outward, and conductive ring set is coaxial with the gas shield cover, forms minor arc protective gas passage between conductive ring set and the gas shield cover; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current connects the electrode holder of welding gun.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply that the consumable electrode welding wire is carried out preheating, and in the time of preheating, electric arc makes welding quality be improved to the cleaning action of the cathode of consumable electrode welding wire.Consumable electrode welding wire through preheating self has had very big heat, when welding, no longer need minor arc that very big electric current is provided, welding wire can very fast fusing, and be filled in the molten bath of workpiece to be welded, reducing of minor arc welding current can directly reduce the heat input of workpiece to be welded, the heat that makes two electric arcs produce is distributed on the consumable electrode welding wire more, has improved quality of weld seam molding when improving welding efficiency.Draw by experiment and analysis; under same welding conditions; the inventive method is used pre-thermic arc, has increased the heat input of welding wire, has improved the burn-off rate of welding wire; make the deposition rate of welding improve more than 100%; deposition efficiency improves more than 80%, and speed of welding improves more than 30%, and it applies to the heat wire method welding in the gas metal-arc welding; the method cost is low, and a kind of high efficiency means of new gas metal-arc welding are provided.
The implement device of welding method of the present invention is simple in structure, control easily, it is provided the discharge power supply of minor arc and pre-thermic arc respectively by two sources of welding current, two electric arc division of labor that form are clear and definite, can not form coupling electric arc, the use of pre-thermic arc effectively raises welding quality, and then welding efficiency is improved greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is when realizing welding method of the present invention, and the position between each parts concerns schematic diagram, and among the figure, A represents minor arc, and B represents pre-thermic arc; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of device of the present invention, and representative shown in the arrow feeds the flow direction of protective gas among the figure.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, present embodiment adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 and the constant voltage source of welding current 2 to implement, the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 is connected with the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5, the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 is connected with the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, and consumable electrode welding wire 3 is clipped on the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 is connected with the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, and the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 is connected with workpiece 4 to be welded, and its welding method is:
With the end of consumable electrode welding wire 3 position to be welded near workpiece 4 to be welded, under the effect of the constant voltage source of welding current 2, form minor arc between the surface to be welded of the end of consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece to be welded 4, realize welding;
In welding process, with the end of the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 sidewall near consumable electrode welding wire 3, under the effect of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, form pre-thermic arc between the end of the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 and the sidewall of consumable electrode welding wire 3, realize preheating to consumable electrode welding wire 3.
Described minor arc adopts GPF (General Protection False gas to protect.
Described pre-thermic arc adopts inert gas to protect.
Operation principle: the electric current of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 output successively by the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, to consumable electrode welding wire 3, form the loop to the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, for consumable electrode welding wire 3 provides pre-thermic arc, adopt inert gas that pre-thermic arc is protected, make pre-thermic arc carry out preheating and welding wire cleaning consumable electrode welding wire 3; The electric current of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 output successively by the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2, to consumable electrode welding wire 3, to workpiece 4 to be welded, form the loop to the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 minor arc be provided; adopt protective gas that minor arc is protected; minor arc is acted between consumable electrode welding wire 3 and the workpiece to be welded 4; with consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece to be welded 4 fusings; form the molten bath, realize welding.
In the present embodiment; the pre-thermic arc that CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 provides is to the preheating of consumable electrode welding wire 3; can reduce the moisture on consumable electrode welding wire 3 surfaces; play welding wire cleaning effect; simultaneously with consumable electrode welding wire 3 as negative pole; pre-thermic arc can be brought into play cleaning action of the cathode, and pre-thermic arc smooth combustion under the protection of inert atmosphere also is improved welding quality when increasing welding efficiency.Present embodiment is particularly suitable for the welding of high conductivity material such as aluminium, copper, the resistance heat of this class material stem elongation seldom, almost can ignore the fusing effect of welding wire and not remember, the introducing of pre-thermic arc, under equal welding current, can improve the burn-off rate of consumable electrode welding wire 3, thereby increase speed of welding, improve deposition rate, reach the purpose of efficient welding.
By as can be known shown in Figure 1, the pre-thermic arc that CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 produces does not act on workpiece 4 to be welded, just consumable electrode welding wire 3 is carried out The pre-heat treatment.The minor arc that is produced by the constant voltage source of welding current 2 plays consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece 4 fusings to be welded, forms the effect in molten bath.
The inventive method has realized the high deposition rate of welding, and under same welding conditions, but the weld diameter of consumable electrode welding wire 3 is increased, welding efficiency is improved; Owing to reasonably distributed the heat input of consumable electrode welding wire 3 and workpiece to be welded 4, appearance of weld defectives such as hump, undercut be effectively controlled; To the preliminary treatment of consumable electrode welding wire 3, help to form high-quality weld seam, reduce the formation of weld defects such as welding pore.
Present embodiment is used two independently sources of welding current, makes electric arc independently to control, the pre-thermic arc of convenient adjusting.In the selection of protective gas, can select suitable protective gas according to the material and the thickness of workpiece 4 to be welded.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is the further qualification to embodiment one, and minor arc adopts CO in the present embodiment
2Gas or other mist are protected.Other is identical with embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is the further qualification to embodiment one, and pre-thermic arc adopts Ar gas to protect in the present embodiment.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Between the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 and electrode holder 5-3, feed protective gas Ar and protect pre-thermic arc, can avoid pre-thermic arc and consumable electrode welding wire 3 to be subjected to the infringement of gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen.Regulate the parameter of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, guarantee the smooth combustion under the inert atmosphere protection of Ar of pre-thermic arc, consumable electrode welding wire 3 is sent constantly into by wire feeder, through after the preheating of pre-thermic arc, and produces the welding minor arc between the workpiece to be welded 4.The heat of minor arc forms molten drop after consumable electrode welding wire 3 is constantly melted, and stablizes to carry out the transition to the molten bath, and wire-feed motor is sent constantly into consumable electrode welding wire 3, promptly finishes continuous welding process.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2, present embodiment is an embodiment one, the implement device of two or three described hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding methods, it is by CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1, the constant voltage source of welding current 2 and welding gun 5 are formed, the cathode output end of described CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 connects the conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5, the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply 1 connects the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5 is positioned on the axis of conductive ring set 5-2, and the space in the middle of electrode holder 5-3 and the conductive ring set 5-2 is a preheating arc protection gas passage; The conductive ring set 5-2 lower end of welding gun 5 is tapering type, is uniform discharging gap between described conductive ring set 5-2 lower end and the electrode holder 5-3 sidewall; Conductive ring set 5-2 also is provided with gas shield cover 5-1 outward, and conductive ring set 5-2 is coaxial with gas shield cover 5-1, forms minor arc protective gas passage between conductive ring set 5-2 and the gas shield cover 5-1; The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current 2 connects the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5.
The described device of present embodiment in use, consumable electrode welding wire 3 is clipped on the electrode holder 5-3 of welding gun 5, the conductive ring set 5-2 lower end of welding gun 5 dwindles gradually, be used for forming discharging gap with consumable electrode welding wire 3, generation is used for consumable electrode welding wire 3 is carried out the pre-thermic arc of preheating and cleaning, and the formed inner space of conductive ring set 5-2 of welding gun 5 is used for feeding inert gas to realize the protection to pre-thermic arc; The formed gas passage outline of conductive ring set 5-2 of gas shield cover 5-1 and welding gun 5 is longer than the formed gas passage of conductive ring set 5-2, and its inner protective gas that minor arc is protected that feeds can be realized the minor arc better protection.
Claims (6)
1. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method, it adopts the CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) and the constant voltage source of welding current (2) to implement, it is characterized in that: the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) is connected with the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5), the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) is connected with the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5), and consumable electrode welding wire (3) is clipped on the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5); The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current (2) is connected with the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5), and the cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current (2) is connected with workpiece to be welded (4), and its welding method is:
With the end of consumable electrode welding wire (3) position to be welded near workpiece to be welded (4), under the effect of the constant voltage source of welding current (2), form minor arc between the surface to be welded of the end of consumable electrode welding wire (3) and workpiece to be welded (4), realize welding;
In welding process, with the end of the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5) sidewall near consumable electrode welding wire (3), under the effect of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1), form pre-thermic arc between the end of the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5) and the sidewall of consumable electrode welding wire (3), realize preheating consumable electrode welding wire (3).
2. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described minor arc adopts protective gas to protect.
3. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described minor arc adopts CO
2Gas is protected.
4. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pre-thermic arc adopts inert gas to protect.
5. hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pre-thermic arc adopts Ar gas to protect.
6. device of realizing any one described hot wire consumable electrode gas protection welding method among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: it is by CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1), the constant voltage source of welding current (2) and welding gun (5) are formed, the cathode output end of described CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) connects the conductive ring set (5-2) of welding gun (5), the cathode output end of CONSTANT CURRENT WELDING power supply (1) connects the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5), the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5) is positioned on the axis of conductive ring set (5-2), and the space in the middle of electrode holder (5-3) and the conductive ring set (5-2) is a preheating arc protection gas passage; Conductive ring set (5-2) lower end of welding gun (5) is tapering type, is uniform discharging gap between described conductive ring set (5-2) lower end and electrode holder (5-3) sidewall; Conductive ring set (5-2) is outer also to be provided with gas shield cover (5-1), and conductive ring set (5-2) is coaxial with gas shield cover (5-1), forms minor arc protective gas passage between conductive ring set (5-2) and the gas shield cover (5-1); The cathode output end of the constant voltage source of welding current (2) connects the electrode holder (5-3) of welding gun (5).
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