CN101848387A - Method for determining arithmetic encoding probability interval value based on JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) 2000 standard - Google Patents
Method for determining arithmetic encoding probability interval value based on JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) 2000 standard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining arithmetic encoding probability interval value based on JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) 2000 standard. The problems to be mainly solved are that the prior method has low processing speed and a plurality of interior storage bits and cannot effectively update the probability interval values of any double text symbol pairs. The determination method comprises the following steps of: firstly, judging the types of the double text symbol pairs; secondly, acquiring the probability value of the corresponding small probability symbol from the probability value estimation table, respectively updating the probability interval values of the different types of the double text symbol pairs, and meanwhile, calculating the shift counting value of the probability interval value; and finally, outputting the updated probability interval value. The invention has the advantages of high processing speed and few interior storage bits and can be applied to the image compression encoding of various high-speed digital devices, in particular to the encoding of the high-speed real-time satellite remote image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of image processing, particularly a kind of arithmetic coding probability interval based on the JPEG2000 standard is determined method, is used for the image compression encoding of various digital devices.
Background technology
Along with multimedia and development of internet technology and in the application of aspects such as medical image, remote sensing images and digital picture/video transmission, existing Joint Photographic Experts Group JPEG can not satisfy current requirement of actual application, and International Standards Organization has formulated new Joint Photographic Experts Group JPEG2000 in November, 2000 for this reason.One of core technology of this standard is exactly that data after adopting arithmetic coding method to wavelet transformation are encoded, and realizes that the compression of view data is handled.
The coding principle of described arithmetic coding method is described below:
Arithmetic coding be input as context symbol to CXD, comprise context label CX and context judgement D, its output then is corresponding compressed bit stream, wherein CX represents the context label by the generation of present encoding pixel, span is 0-18, D represents corresponding contextual judgement, and span is 0-1.Arithmetic coding method is selected the probability of corresponding judgement D adaptively according to the context label CX of input, be worth Symbol Type to be encoded according to judgement D, be big probability symbol M PS or small probability symbol LPS, and under small probability symbol LPS situation corresponding probability Qe, adjust corresponding probability interval value A then, and the output encoder code value.This probability interval value A adopts 16 signless integers to represent.For the probability Qe of coded identification, adopt an array with 47 index to realize that this array is called probability Estimation table PET, the Qe value of the small probability symbol LPS symbol of one 16 of each correspondences in the table.Regulation according to the JPEG2000 standard, it is 19 * 6 array that the context label CX of present encoding symbol correspondence is visited a size as the address, obtain the inlet index Index of probability Estimation table PET, be that corresponding LPS symbol probability values Qe in the pet sheet is read in the address then with Index, and judge the process of specific coding in conjunction with current probability interval value and code value.If current probability interval value is smaller or equal to 0.75, this value down for 0x8000, in order to prevent to overflow, need be carried out normalized to probability interval value and code value corresponding to hexadecimal, makes the probability interval value greater than 0x8000 by move to left probability interval value and code value.In the normalized while, if code stream is formed whole byte in the code value, then carry out the code stream output procedure, promptly obtain final coding output code flow.In order to prevent the carry transmission,, specific bit fills to block the transmission of carry by being set.
According to the arithmetic coding principle as can be known, the probability interval value determined it is a core of whole arithmetic coding method.Yet the JPEG2000 standard agreement has only provided under the right situation of single context symbol the probability interval value has been carried out method for updating, when hardware is realized arithmetic encoder, owing to context symbol is handled pressing serial mode, thereby forms speed bottle-neck.Typical arithmetic encoder hardware implementation method, the article " A high throughput low costcontext-based adaptive arithmetic codec for multiple standards " (2002 in Int.Conf.Image Process. (ICIP ' 02) in 2002 and IEEE Int.Symp.Circuits and Systems in 2004 international conference, delivered respectively of TaiWan, China scholar K.-K.Ong and Jen-Shiun Chiang for example, vol.1, pp.I872-I875) and " High-speeds EBCOT with dual context-modeling coding architecture forJPEG2000 " (2004, vol.3, pp.865-868.) arithmetic coding method that proposes in, this method to the renewal of probability interval value handle be according to single context symbol to what carry out, only to handle 1 context symbol right for single clock to make the encoder throughput.Article " VLSI Design of a High-Speed andArea-Efficient JPEG2000 Encoder " (2007 the 17th volumes that people such as domestic scholars plum chief will delivered on the IEEE Trans.on Circuits andSystem for Video Technology periodical in 2007, the 8th phase, the 1065-1078 page or leaf) arithmetic coding method that proposes in, though adopt the synchronous flowing water technology of many inputs to realize arithmetic coding, but the renewal processing to the probability interval value also is based on single context symbol to what carry out, and it is right that its disposed of in its entirety speed has only single clock to handle 0.625 context symbol.Domestic scholars is permitted to surpass the arithmetic coding method that proposes in the article of delivering " A Dual-Symbol Coding Arithmetic Coder Architecture Design forHigh Speed EBCOT Coding Engine in JPEG2000 " in Int.Conf.Image Process. (ICIP ' 05) in 2005 international conference, when the right context label of two context symbol not simultaneously, it is right that this method speed that renewal is handled to the probability interval value reaches 2 context symbol of single clock processing, but when the right context label of two context symbol was identical, it is right that the disposal ability of this method only is that every clock is handled 1 context symbol.The article ConcurrencyTechniques for Arithmetic Coding in JPEG2000 (VOL.53 that Australia scholar M.Dyer delivers at IEEETransactions on Circuits and Systems-I:Regular Papers periodical in 2006, NO.6, pp.1203-1213 has proposed a kind of high speed arithmetic coding method in June2006).Domestic scholars Liu Qi defends 2 arithmetic coding methods that context symbol is right that Zhejiang University's master thesis " based on the research and the design of JPEG2000 binary arithmetic coder " in 2006 has proposed a kind of 4 grades of stream treatment.Though the method for M.Dyer and Liu Qiwei can realize two context symbol to parallel processing, the bank bit in the correlation method is all more, and chip design is caused certain difficulty.
Above-mentioned various arithmetic coding method has following defective when definite probability interval value:
The first, the method for K.-K.Ong and Jen-Shiun Chiang can only reach single clock and handle 1 ability that context symbol is right, does not consider that follow-up context symbol to situation, can't improve coding rate when determining the probability interval value.
The second, it is right that the method for Mei Kuizhi, its disposed of in its entirety speed have only single clock to handle 0.625 context symbol, also do not consider the relation of follow-up context symbol pair and current probability interval value, thereby also can't improve coding rate.
The 3rd, permitted super method, when the right context label of two context symbol of input was identical, this method can't arrange two right probability interval value renewal processes of context symbol effectively, has caused the pause of encoding process.When the right context label of two context symbol of continuous input was identical, the disposal ability of this coding method only was that context symbol of single clock processing is right.
The 4th, two above symbol is right though the method for M.Dyer and Liu Qiwei can both be handled, but these methods are when handling, do not have two context symbol Direct Classification, thereby concern complexity when make handling between each module, these methods all are increased to probability interval value renewal parameters needed argument table in the probability valuation table fully simultaneously, do not consider the correlation between each field in the probability valuation table, and therefore required storage inside position is more.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of arithmetic coding probability interval value to determine method based on the JPEG2000 standard, can upgrade the right probability interval value of any two context symbol of input simultaneously, to improve processing speed, reduce the storage inside position simultaneously.
The key problem in technology of realizing the object of the invention is: by two context symbol the probability interval value is carried out in classification and upgrade, and adopt specific probability valuation table, realize two right parallel processings of context symbol, to improve processing speed, reduce the storage inside position simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention includes following steps:
(1) from the code index array, reads two context symbol to corresponding respectively dual coding index, and the corresponding respectively two big probability symbol logo of two context labels, and, determine two right probability types of context symbol according to two big probability symbol logos and corresponding two context judgements:
If (1a) first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 equates with first context judgement D0, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 equates that with the second judgement D1 then two right probability types of context symbol are two big probability symbols;
If (1b) first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 equates with the first judgement D0, and the second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 and the second judgement D1 are unequal, then two right probability types of context symbol are big probability/small probability symbol;
If (1c) the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 are unequal, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 equates with the second judgement D1, then two right probability types of context symbol are small probability/big probability symbol;
If (1d) the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 are unequal, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 is unequal with the second judgement D1, and then pair right probability types of context symbol are double small probability symbol;
(2) according to two context labels of input, determine the similarities and differences of context label, if two context label equates that it is identical then to be judged to be two context labels, otherwise it is different to be judged to be pair context labels;
(3) the based on context similarities and differences of label and two right probability types of context symbol, unite and determine that two right types of context symbol are: different, big probability/identical, big probability/the small probability symbol is different for the small probability symbol for identical, the two big probability symbol of two big probability symbols, small probability/big probability symbol is identical, small probability/big probability symbol is different, double small probability symbol is identical and double small probability symbol is different;
(4) the specific probability valuation table of design obtains the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1 respectively according to the dual coding index from this probability valuation table;
(5) according to two right types of context symbol, upgrade the probability interval value, and calculating probability interval value shift count;
(6) the probability interval value after output is upgraded.
The described probability valuation of above-mentioned steps (4) table comprises the sublist of following 4 different capabilities:
(a) small probability symbol probability values table, the degree of depth of this table are 32, and width is 13, and capacity is 32 * 13, promptly adopt 13 bit representation probable values;
(b) next context symbol is the probable value table of big probability symbol, and the degree of depth of this table is 32, and width is 13, and capacity is 32 * 13;
(c) next context symbol is the probable value table of small probability symbol, and the degree of depth of this table is 30, and width is 13, and capacity is 30 * 13;
(d) leading zero count table, the degree of depth of this table are 32, and width is 4, and capacity is 32 * 4, the span from 1 to 15 of each leading zero count value of storing in the table.
The described renewal probability interval of above-mentioned steps (5) value, carry out as follows:
(5a) with the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1, be saved in respectively among the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, calculate the difference of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 simultaneously, be A-Qe0, and it is saved among the 3rd temporary variable temp1;
(5b) with identical method, upgrade the first and the 3rd temporary variable value respectively;
(5c), upgrade the second temporary variable value simultaneously according to two right types of context symbol;
(5d) according to the relation of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, two context symbol to the different probability type are right, the interval temporary variable value of difference calculating probability A_temp:, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under pair big probability symbols if the right probability type of two context symbol is two big probability symbols; If the probability type that two context symbol are right is big probability/small probability symbol, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under big probability/small probability symbol; If the probability type that two context symbol are right is small probability/big probability symbol, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under small probability/big probability symbol; If the probability type that two context symbol are right is a double small probability symbol, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under the double small probability symbol;
(5e) probability interval temporary variable value A_temp is revised, if A_temp is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000 for probability interval temporary variable value, then its value is moved to left one, after this repeats this deterministic process, up to A_temp more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000;
(5f) probability interval value A is updated to revised probability interval temporary variable value A_temp.
Described renewal first of above-mentioned steps (5b) and the 3rd temporary variable value, be to upgrade by the relation of this first and the 3rd temporary variable value and hexadecimal value 0x8000, if this temporary variable value is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000, then this temporary variable value is moved to left one, after this repeat this deterministic process, up to this temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000.
The described renewal second temporary variable value of above-mentioned steps (5c), carry out as follows:
If the type that two context symbol are right is that two big identical the or big probability of probability symbol/the small probability symbol is identical, then the second temporary variable value is updated to that next context symbol is the probable value of big probability symbol in the probability valuation table;
If to be double small probability symbol identical or small probability/big probability symbol is identical for the type that two context symbol are right, then the second temporary variable value is updated to that next context symbol is the probable value of small probability symbol in the probability valuation table.
The present invention is owing to adopt specific probability valuation list structure that the right probability interval value of two context symbol is predicted, and two context symbol are handled respectively being divided into eight kinds of different types, made full use of the degree of parallelism of two context symbol to handling, improve the probability interval value effectively and upgraded processing speed, reduced the storage inside position.The present invention is the cores of the two context symbol of realization of High Speed to the arithmetic entropy coding system of continual stream treatment, adopt the present invention can significantly improve the coding rate and the efficient of whole arithmetic entropy coding system, in the high-speed real-time image code domain, has huge using value as a plurality of civilian and military scenario such as high speed digital camera, image retrieval, high speed satellite remote sensing images coding, battlefield monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is overall flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that two big probability symbol probability interval value of the present invention upgrades sub-process figure;
Fig. 3 is that big probability of the present invention/small probability symbol probability interval value upgrades sub-process figure;
Fig. 4 is that small probability of the present invention/big probability symbol probability interval value upgrades sub-process figure;
Fig. 5 is that double small probability symbol probability interval value of the present invention upgrades sub-process figure.
Embodiment
Coding method of the present invention adopts that Xilinx ISE 9.1 is integrated to develop software and VHDL, Verilog HDL language, in the model of Xilinx company is to realize on the programmable chip of XC2V3000-6BG728.
With reference to Fig. 1, the arithmetic coding probability interval value based on the JPEG2000 standard of the present invention is determined method, comprises the steps:
Import first context symbol simultaneously to (CX0, D0) and second context symbol to (CX1, D1), respectively with the first context label CX0 and the second context label CX1 as the address, from pre-set code index array, read the corresponding first code index Index0 and the second code index Index1, and the first context label CX0 and corresponding respectively first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 of the second context label CX1.The capacity of this code index array is 19 * 7.The span of CX0 and CX1 is 0-18, represents with 5 bit strings, and Index0 and Index1 span are 0-46, represents with 6 bit strings, and MPS_CX0 and MPS_CX1 span are 0-1, represents with 1 bit string.
Relation between two big probability symbol logos that obtain by comparison step 1 and two the contexts judgements of input is determined two right probability types of context symbol, and detailed process is as follows:
(2.1) if the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 equate that and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 equates with the second judgement D1, then pair right probability types of context symbol are defined as couple greatly probability symbol M PSMPS;
(2.2) if first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and first adjudicates D0 to be equated, and the second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 and the second judgement D1 are unequal, and then two right probability types of context symbol are defined as big probability/small probability symbol M PSLPS;
(2.3) if the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 are unequal, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 equates with the second judgement D1, and then two right probability types of context symbol are defined as small probability/big probability symbol LPSMPS;
(2.4) if the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 are unequal, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 is unequal with the second judgement D1, and then pair right probability types of context symbol are defined as double small probability symbol LPSLPS.
The value of the probability type that this pair context symbol is right comprises these four kinds of situations of MPSMPS, MPSLPS, LPSMPS and LPSLPS, adopts 2 bit strings to represent.
Step 3 according to two context labels of input, is determined the similarities and differences of context label.
If the first context label CX0 equates with the second context label CX1, it is identical then to be judged to be two context labels, otherwise it is different to be judged to be two context labels.The similarities and differences of two context labels adopt phase heterolabeling DIFF to identify, and the span of DIFF is 0-1, represents with 1 bit string.If two context labels are identical, it is 0 that phase heterolabeling DIFF then is set, otherwise is made as 1.
Step 4 is determined two right types of context symbol.
Based on context the similarities and differences of label and two right probability types of context symbol, according to the two right types of context symbol of following rule judgment:
(4.1) if two context label is identical, and the right probability type of two context symbol is two big probability symbols, and then two context symbol be that two the probability symbols are identical greatly to type;
(4.2) if two context label is identical, and the right probability type of two context symbol is big probability symbol/small probability symbol, and then two context symbol are that big probability symbol/the small probability symbol is identical to type;
(4.3) if two context label is identical, and the right probability type of two context symbol is small probability symbol/big probability symbol, and then two context symbol are that small probability symbol/big probability symbol is identical to type;
(4.4) if two context label is identical, and the right probability type of two context symbol is double small probability symbol, and then two context symbol are that double small probability symbol is identical to type;
(4.5) if two context label is different, and the right probability type of two context symbol is two big probability symbols, and then two context symbol be that two the probability symbols are different greatly to type;
(4.6) if two context label is different, and the right probability type of two context symbol is big probability symbol/small probability symbol, and then two context symbol are that big probability symbol/the small probability symbol is different to type;
(4.7) if two context label is different, and the right probability type of two context symbol is small probability symbol/big probability symbol, and then two context symbol are that small probability symbol/big probability symbol is different to type;
(4.8) if two context label is different, and the right probability type of two context symbol is double small probability symbol, and then two context symbol are that double small probability symbol is different to type.
Step 5, the probability interval value is upgraded.
(5.1) the specific probability valuation table PET of design, according to the first code index Index0 and the second code index Index1 that step 1 obtains, from this probability valuation table, obtain the corresponding first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1 respectively.
The probability valuation table PET of the present invention's design is made of four sublists, is respectively:
(a) small probability symbol probability values table is used to store small probability symbol probability values Qe;
(b) next context symbol is the probable value table of big probability symbol, is used to store the probable value NT_NMPS_QE1 that next context symbol is big probability symbol;
(c) next context symbol is the probable value table of small probability symbol, is used to store the probable value NT_NLPS_QE1 that next context symbol is the small probability symbol;
(d) leading zero count value table is used to store the leading zero count value of small probability symbol probability values, i.e. 16 all possible differences that deduct small probability symbol probability values highest significant position position, its span from 1 to 15.
According to the JPEG2000 standard code, probability in each probable value table all adopted one 16 binary number representation, but because minimum two of the probable value that provides in the standard are " 01 ", and highest order is " 0 ", therefore when storage, can adopt 13, rather than the single probable value of 16 bit representations.In addition, though the probable value of 47 index correspondences of each probable value table storage of JPEG2000 standard code, but there is the identical situation of probable value, Qe[0 for example], Qe[6], Qe[14], Qe[46] value be hexadecimal value 0x5601, therefore when storage, only need to store different probable values, and navigate to each memory cell by simple calculations.
To small probability symbol probability values table and next context symbol is the probable value table of big probability symbol, owing in these two tables 32 different probable values are only arranged, so the degree of depth of these two tables is 32, width is 13, and capacity is 32 * 13.To next context symbol is the probable value table of small probability symbol, owing in this table 30 different probable values are only arranged, so the degree of depth of this table is 30, width is 13, and capacity is 30 * 13.For the leading zero count table, because each leading zero count value need be used 4 bit representations, so the degree of depth of this table is 32, width is 4, and capacity is 32 * 4.
Integrate, the total capacity of probability valuation table is 32 * 13+32 * 13+30 * 13+32 * 4=1350 position.The particular content of this probability valuation table is respectively shown in table 1, table 2, table 3.
Table 1 small probability symbol probability values sublist and leading zero counting sublist
| Index | Qe (13, hexadecimal) | Leading zero counting (4) |
| ????0 | ????0x1580 | ????1 |
| ????1 | ????0xD00 | ????2 |
| ????2 | ????0x600 | ????3 |
| ????3 | ????0x2B0 | ????4 |
| ????4 | ????0x148 | ????5 |
| ????5 | ????0x88 | ????6 |
| ????6 | ????0x1500 | ????1 |
| ????7 | ????0x1200 | ????1 |
| ????8 | ????0xE00 | ????2 |
| ????9 | ????0xC00 | ????2 |
| ????10 | ????0x900 | ????2 |
| ????11 | ????0x700 | ????3 |
| ????12 | ????0x580 | ????3 |
| ????13 | ????0x1440 | ????1 |
| ????14 | ????0xA00 | ????2 |
| ????15 | ????0x880 | ????2 |
| ????16 | ????0x500 | ????3 |
| ????17 | ????0x480 | ????3 |
| ????1?8 | ????0x440 | ????3 |
| ????19 | ????0x270 | ????4 |
| Index | Qe (13, hexadecimal) | Leading zero counting (4) |
| ????20 | ????0x228 | ????4 |
| ????21 | ????0x110 | ????5 |
| ????22 | ????0xA8 | ????6 |
| ????23 | ????0x50 | ????7 |
| ????24 | ????0x44 | ????7 |
| ????25 | ????0x21 | ????8 |
| ????26 | ????0x12 | ????9 |
| ????27 | ????0x9 | ????10 |
| ????28 | ????0x5 | ????11 |
| ????29 | ????0x2 | ????12 |
| ????30 | ????0x1 | ????13 |
| ????31 | ????0x0 | ????15 |
The next context symbol of table 2 is big probability symbol probability values sublist
| Index | NT_NMPS_QE1 (13, hexadecimal) |
| ????0 | ????0xD00 |
| ????1 | ????0x600 |
| ????2 | ????0x2B0 |
| ????3 | ????0x148 |
| ????4 | ????0x88 |
| Index | NT_NMPS_QE1 (13, hexadecimal) |
| ????5 | ????0x44 |
| ????6 | ????0x1500 |
| ????7 | ????0x1200 |
| ????8 | ????0xE00 |
| ????9 | ????0xC00 |
| ????10 | ????0x900 |
| ????11 | ????0x700 |
| ????12 | ????0x580 |
| ????13 | ????0x440 |
| ????14 | ????0x1440 |
| ????15 | ????0xA00 |
| ????16 | ????0x880 |
| ????17 | ????0x500 |
| ????18 | ????0x480 |
| ????19 | ????0x270 |
| ????20 | ????0x228 |
| ????21 | ????0x110 |
| ????22 | ????0xA8 |
| ????23 | ????0x50 |
| ??24 | ??0x21 |
| Index | NT_NMPS_QE1 (13, hexadecimal) |
| ??25 | ??0x12 |
| ??26 | ??0x9 |
| ??27 | ??0x5 |
| ??28 | ??0x2 |
| ??29 | ??0x1 |
| ??30 | ??0x0 |
| ??31 | ??0x1580 |
The next context symbol of table 3 is a small probability symbol probability values sublist
| Index | NT_NLPS_QE1 (13, hexadecimal) |
| ??0 | ??0xD00 |
| ??1 | ??0x1580 |
| ??2 | ??0xE00 |
| ??3 | ??0x700 |
| ??4 | ??0x440 |
| ??5 | ??0x148 |
| ??6 | ??0x1200 |
| ??7 | ??0xC00 |
| ??8 | ??0xA00 |
| ??9 | ??0x1500 |
| Index | NT_NLPS_QE1 (13, hexadecimal) |
| ??10 | ??0x1440 |
| ??11 | ??0x900 |
| ??12 | ??0x880 |
| ??13 | ??0x600 |
| ??14 | ??0x580 |
| ??15 | ??0x500 |
| ??16 | ??0x480 |
| ??17 | ??0x2B0 |
| ??18 | ??0x270 |
| ??19 | ??0x228 |
| ??20 | ??0x110 |
| ??21 | ??0xA8 |
| ??22 | ??0x88 |
| ??23 | ??0x50 |
| ??24 | ??0x44 |
| ??25 | ??0x21 |
| ??26 | ??0x12 |
| ??27 | ??0x9 |
| ??28 | ??0x5 |
| ??29 | ??0x2 |
(5.2) according to two right types of context symbol, the renewal of probability interval value is divided into four kinds of different situations, comprises that two big probability symbol probability interval values renewals, big probability/small probability symbol probability interval value renewal, small probability/big probability symbol probability interval value upgrade and the renewal of double small probability symbol probability interval value.To each situation, upgrade current probability interval value respectively, wherein:
(a) process of two big probability symbol probability interval values renewals is as follows:
At first, set up first, second and the 3rd temporary variable, with the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1, be saved in respectively among the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, calculate the difference of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 simultaneously, be A-Qe0, and it is saved among the 3rd temporary variable temp1;
Secondly, upgrade first, second and the 3rd temporary variable value respectively, wherein: to the first temporary variable temp2, if this first temporary variable value is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000, then this first temporary variable value is moved to left one, after this repeat this process, up to this first temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000; To the second temporary variable temp0, if different mark value is 0, then from probability valuation table, read the probable value NT_NMPS_QE1 that next context symbol is big probability symbol, and this second temporary variable value is updated to NT_NMPS_QE1; To the 3rd temporary variable temp1, its renewal process is identical with the first temporary variable temp2;
Once more, the interval temporary variable value of big or small calculating probability A_temp according to probability interval value A: if probability interval value A is more than or equal to 2 * Qe0, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is less than 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0, otherwise A_temp equals temp1-temp0; If A is less than 2 * Qe0 for the probability interval value, compare the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, less than 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0 as if temp2, otherwise A_temp equals temp2-temp0;
Then, revise probability interval temporary variable value A_temp, if A_temp is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000 for probability interval temporary variable value, then this probability interval temporary variable value is moved to left one, repeat this deterministic process, up to this probability interval temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000;
At last, upgrade probability interval value A, probability interval value A is updated to revised probability interval temporary variable value A_temp.
(b) according to following process big probability/small probability symbol probability interval value is upgraded:
At first, set up first, second and the 3rd temporary variable, with the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1, be saved in respectively among the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, calculate the difference of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 simultaneously, be A-Qe0, and it is saved among the 3rd temporary variable temp1;
Secondly, upgrade first, second and the 3rd temporary variable value respectively, wherein: to the first temporary variable temp2, if this first temporary variable value is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000, then this first temporary variable value is moved to left one, after this repeat this process, up to this first temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000; To the second temporary variable temp0, if different mark value is 0, then from probability valuation table, read the probable value NT_NMPS_QE1 that next context symbol is big probability symbol, and this second temporary variable value is updated to NT_NMPS_QE1; To the 3rd temporary variable temp1, its renewal process is identical with the first temporary variable temp2;
Once more, the interval temporary variable value of big or small calculating probability A_temp according to probability interval value A: if probability interval value A is more than or equal to 2 * Qe0, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is more than or equal to 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0, otherwise A_temp equals temp1-temp0; If A is less than 2 * Qe0 for the probability interval value, compare the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, more than or equal to 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0 as if temp2, otherwise A_temp equals temp2-temp0;
Then, revise probability interval temporary variable value A_temp, if A_temp is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000 for probability interval temporary variable value, then this probability interval temporary variable value is moved to left one, repeat this deterministic process, up to this probability interval temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000;
At last, upgrade probability interval value A, probability interval value A is updated to revised probability interval temporary variable value A_temp.
(c) process that small probability/big probability symbol probability interval value upgrades is as follows:
At first, set up first, second and the 3rd temporary variable, with the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1, be saved in respectively among the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, calculate the difference of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 simultaneously, be A-Qe0, and it is saved among the 3rd temporary variable temp1;
Secondly, upgrade first, second and the 3rd temporary variable value respectively, wherein: to the first temporary variable temp2, if this first temporary variable value is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000, then this first temporary variable value is moved to left one, after this repeat this process, up to this first temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000; To the second temporary variable temp0, if different mark value is 0, then from probability valuation table, read the probable value NT_NLPS_QE1 that next context symbol is the small probability symbol, and this second temporary variable value is updated to NT_NLPS_QE1; To the 3rd temporary variable temp1, its renewal process is identical with the first temporary variable temp2;
Once more, the interval temporary variable value of big or small calculating probability A_temp according to probability interval value A, if A is less than 2 * Qe0 for the probability interval value, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is less than 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0, otherwise A_temp equals temp1-temp0; If A is more than or equal to 2 * Qe0 for the probability interval value, compare the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, less than 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0 as if temp2, otherwise A_temp equals temp2-temp0;
Then, revise probability interval temporary variable value A_temp, if A_temp is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000 for probability interval temporary variable value, then this probability interval temporary variable value is moved to left one, repeat this deterministic process, up to this probability interval temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000;
At last, upgrade probability interval value A, probability interval value A is updated to revised probability interval temporary variable value A_temp.
(d) double small probability symbol probability interval value renewal process is as follows:
At first, set up first, second and the 3rd temporary variable, with the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1, be saved in respectively among the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, calculate the difference of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 simultaneously, be A-Qe0, and it is saved among the 3rd temporary variable temp1;
Secondly, upgrade first, second and the 3rd temporary variable value respectively, wherein: to the first temporary variable temp2, if this first temporary variable value is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000, then this first temporary variable value is moved to left one, after this repeat this process, up to this first temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000; To the second temporary variable temp0, if different mark value is 0, then from probability valuation table, read the probable value NT_NLPS_QE1 that next context symbol is the small probability symbol, and this second temporary variable value is updated to NT_NLPS_QE1; To the 3rd temporary variable temp1, its renewal process is identical with the first temporary variable temp2;
Once more, the interval temporary variable value of big or small calculating probability A_temp according to probability interval value A, if A is less than 2 * Qe0 for the probability interval value, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is more than or equal to 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0, otherwise A_temp equals temp1-temp0; If A is more than or equal to 2 * Qe0 for the probability interval value, compare the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, more than or equal to 2 * temp0, then A_temp equals temp0 as if temp2, otherwise A_temp equals temp2-temp0;
Then, revise probability interval temporary variable value A_temp, if A_temp is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000 for probability interval temporary variable value, then this probability interval temporary variable value is moved to left one, repeat this deterministic process, up to this probability interval temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000;
At last, upgrade probability interval value A, probability interval value A is updated to revised probability interval temporary variable value A_temp.
(5.3) calculate two probability interval value shift counts, wherein the first probability interval value shift count is the leading zero count value before probability interval value A upgrades, and the second probability interval value shift count is the leading zero count value after probability interval value A upgrades.
Step 6, the probability interval value after output is upgraded.
Effect of the present invention can further specify by following experimental data.
After probability valuation table of the present invention has taken into full account the relation of each field in the probability valuation table, its capacity only is 1350, and the probability valuation table that M.Dyer adopts in the prior art needs 47 * 32 * 2=3008 position, Liu Qi defends probability valuation table needs 47 * 96=4512 position of employing in the prior art, and visible the present invention has significantly reduced the storage inside position.
More than describing only is a specific embodiment of the present invention; obviously for those skilled in the art; after having understood content of the present invention and principle; all may be under the situation that does not deviate from the principle of the invention, structure; carry out various corrections and change on form and the details, but these are based on the correction of inventive concept with change still within claim protection range of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the arithmetic coding probability interval value based on the JPEG2000 standard is determined method, comprises the steps:
(1) from the code index array, reads two context symbol to corresponding respectively dual coding index, and the corresponding respectively two big probability symbol logo of two context labels, and, determine two right probability types of context symbol according to two big probability symbol logos and corresponding two context judgements:
If (1a) first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 equates with first context judgement D0, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 equates that with the second judgement D1 then two right probability types of context symbol are two big probability symbols;
If (1b) first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 equates with the first judgement D0, and the second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 and the second judgement D1 are unequal, then two right probability types of context symbol are big probability/small probability symbol;
If (1c) the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 are unequal, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 equates with the second judgement D1, then two right probability types of context symbol are small probability/big probability symbol;
If (1d) the first probability symbol logo MPS_CX0 and the first judgement D0 are unequal, and second largest probability symbol logo MPS_CX1 is unequal with the second judgement D1, and then pair right probability types of context symbol are double small probability symbol;
(2) according to two context labels of input, determine the similarities and differences of context label, if two context label equates that it is identical then to be judged to be two context labels, otherwise it is different to be judged to be pair context labels;
(3) the based on context similarities and differences of label and two right probability types of context symbol, unite and determine that two right types of context symbol are: different, big probability/identical, big probability/the small probability symbol is different for the small probability symbol for identical, the two big probability symbol of two big probability symbols, small probability/big probability symbol is identical, small probability/big probability symbol is different, double small probability symbol is identical and double small probability symbol is different;
(4) the specific probability valuation table of design obtains the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1 respectively according to the dual coding index from this probability valuation table;
(5) according to two right types of context symbol, upgrade the probability interval value, and calculating probability interval value shift count;
(6) the probability interval value after output is upgraded.
2. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that the described probability valuation of step (4) table comprises the sublist of following 4 different capabilities:
(a) small probability symbol probability values table, the degree of depth of this table are 32, and width is 13, and capacity is 32 * 13, promptly adopt 13 bit representation probable values;
(b) next context symbol is the probable value table of big probability symbol, and the degree of depth of this table is 32, and width is 13, and capacity is 32 * 13;
(c) next context symbol is the probable value table of small probability symbol, and the degree of depth of this table is 30, and width is 13, and capacity is 30 * 13;
(d) leading zero count table, the degree of depth of this table are 32, and width is 4, and capacity is 32 * 4, the span from 1 to 15 of each leading zero count value of storing in the table.
3. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 1 is determined method, it is characterized in that the described renewal probability interval of step (5) value, carries out as follows:
(3a) with the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 and the second small probability symbol probability values Qe1, be saved in respectively among the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0, calculate the difference of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0 simultaneously, be A-Qe0, and it is saved among the 3rd temporary variable temp1;
(3b) with identical method, upgrade the first and the 3rd temporary variable value respectively;
(3c), upgrade the second temporary variable value simultaneously according to two right types of context symbol;
(3d) according to the relation of the current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, two context symbol to the different probability type are right, the interval temporary variable value of difference calculating probability A_temp:, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under pair big probability symbols if the right probability type of two context symbol is two big probability symbols; If the probability type that two context symbol are right is big probability/small probability symbol, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under big probability/small probability symbol; If the probability type that two context symbol are right is small probability/big probability symbol, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under small probability/big probability symbol; If the probability type that two context symbol are right is a double small probability symbol, then calculate the probability interval temporary variable value under the double small probability symbol;
(3e) probability interval temporary variable value A_temp is revised, if A_temp is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000 for probability interval temporary variable value, then its value is moved to left one, after this repeats this deterministic process, up to A_temp more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000;
(3f) probability interval value A is updated to revised probability interval temporary variable value A_temp.
4. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that described renewal first of step (3b) and the 3rd temporary variable value, be to upgrade by the relation of this first and the 3rd temporary variable value and hexadecimal value 0x8000, if this temporary variable value is less than hexadecimal value 0x8000, then this temporary variable value is moved to left one, after this repeat this deterministic process, up to this temporary variable value more than or equal to hexadecimal value 0x8000.
5. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that the described renewal second temporary variable value of step (3c), carries out as follows:
If (5a) type that two context symbol are right is that two big identical the or big probability of probability symbol/the small probability symbol is identical, then the second temporary variable value is updated to that next context symbol is the probable value of big probability symbol in the probability valuation table;
If (5b) type that two context symbol are right is that the identical or small probability of double small probability symbol/big probability symbol is identical, then the second temporary variable value is updated to that next context symbol is the probable value of small probability symbol in the probability valuation table.
6. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that the probability interval temporary variable value under the two big probability symbols of the described calculating of step (3d), carries out as follows:
(6a) the more current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0;
If (6b) probability interval value A is more than or equal to 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is less than 2 times of temp0, then probability interval temporary variable value A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp1-temp0;
If (6c) probability interval value A is less than 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0 relatively, as if temp2 2 times less than temp0, then A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp2-temp0.
7. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that the probability interval temporary variable value under the big probability of the described calculating of step (3d)/small probability symbol, carries out as follows:
(7a) the more current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0;
If (7b) probability interval value A is more than or equal to 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is more than or equal to 2 times of temp0, then probability interval temporary variable value A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp1-temp0;
If (7c) probability interval value A is less than 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0 relatively, as if temp2 2 times more than or equal to temp0, then A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp2-temp0.
8. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that the probability interval temporary variable value under the described calculating small probability of step (3d)/big probability symbol, carries out as follows:
(8a) the more current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0;
If (8b) probability interval value A is less than 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is less than 2 times of temp0, then probability interval temporary variable value A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp1-temp0;
If (8c) probability interval value A is more than or equal to 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0 relatively, as if temp2 2 times less than temp0, then A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp2-temp0.
9. arithmetic coding probability interval value according to claim 3 is determined method, it is characterized in that the probability interval temporary variable value under the described calculating double small of step (3d) the probability symbol, carries out as follows:
(9a) the more current probability interval value A and the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0;
If (9b) probability interval value A is less than 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation that compares the 3rd temporary variable temp1 and the second temporary variable temp0, if temp1 is more than or equal to 2 times of temp0, then probability interval temporary variable value A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp1-temp0;
If (9c) probability interval value A is more than or equal to 2 times of the first small probability symbol probability values Qe0, the relation of the first temporary variable temp2 and the second temporary variable temp0 relatively, as if temp2 2 times more than or equal to temp0, then A_temp is temp0, otherwise A_temp is temp2-temp0.
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