CN101840400A - Multilevel classification retrieval method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multilevel classification retrieval method and a system, which belong to the technical field of the database retrieval. In the prior art, the retrieval efficiency of the classified data is low or the expandability is poor. The method and the system are characterized in that a classified field is arranged in a data sheet according to data classification information, and hierarchical relationship between classified nodes is stored; each node is divided into an independent field according to the hierarchical relationship between the classified nodes, the field is combined with other fields in the data sheet so as to generate a classified association list; and database index is used for retrieving data in the classified association sheet during the retrieval. The method and the system improve the retrieval efficiency of the classified data, have strong expandability, and are particularly applicable to the retrieval of the database of large data volume.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the database retrieval technical field, be specifically related to a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method and system.The present invention is particularly useful in the database retrieval of mass data.
Background technology
In infosystem, often data are carried out classification and storage, be convenient to the user data are carried out systematic searching and check grouped data especially under the situation of mass data, can improving effectiveness of retrieval like this.For example, suppose that one piece of article contains the geographic classification attribute: Asia → China → Beijing.This is a kind of typical multiclass classification structure, if the categorical attribute of this area is set to " China ", then system only stores a node " China " usually or will divide class.path to write extremely on one or more fields when storage.During retrieval, carry out fuzzy query by the like statement among the SQL.On the one hand, this retrieval mode efficient under the bigger situation of data volume is lower, also can't reach good recall precision even set up database index.On the other hand, the result that this retrieval mode retrieves only comprises the data of " China ", and common demand is to retrieve according to a minute class.path, can retrieve the data of all " China " and " Beijing " when promptly retrieving according to " China ", that is to say, can retrieve the data of all nodes behind this node and this node.
In the existing retrieval mode,, also there is on a kind of a plurality of fields that a plurality of categorical attributes stored into tables of data the mode of utilizing database index to retrieve then at the low problem of recall precision.For example, in the last example, " Asia ", " China ", " Beijing " can be stored on three fields, though this mode can improve effectiveness of retrieval to a certain extent, but its extendability extreme difference, increase a lot of fields, thereby make the structure of table become more and more too fat to move when increasing the meeting of a plurality of minutes time-likes (as above also needing to store column classification, type classification or the like in the example).
Summary of the invention
At the defective that exists in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of speed is fast, the multilevel classification retrieval method and the system of favorable expandability.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of multilevel classification retrieval method may further comprise the steps:
(1) classified information with business datum is stored in the sorted table, and described sorted table comprises the field, the field that is used to store class node ID that are used to store class node level ID, be used to the field of storing the field of class node title and being used to store the class node father node;
(2) business datum is stored in the tables of data, described tables of data comprises sorting field, described sorting field is used for storage and divides class.path, described classification path divides the class node on the class.path to use the class node ID that obtains from sorted table to represent according to the field contents acquisition that is used to store the class node father node in the sorted table;
(3) generate and the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data according to tables of data, all or part of field contents in the described classification associated table data table memory except that sorting field, and a plurality of taxonomical hierarchy fields that split into according to the branch class.path of sorting field storage in the tables of data, the class node after splitting according to the hierarchical relationship storage;
(4) in sorted table, obtain class node level ID and class node ID, search condition is set, utilize database index retrieve data in classification associated table.
A kind of multiclass classification searching system, comprise the classified information memory module (11) that is used for the classified information of business datum is stored in sorted table, described sorted table comprises the field, the field that is used to store class node ID that are used to store class node level ID, be used to the field of storing the field of class node title and being used to store the class node father node;
Be used for business datum is stored in the business datum memory module (12) of tables of data, described tables of data comprises sorting field, described sorting field is used for storage and divides class.path, described classification path divides the class node on the class.path to use the class node ID that obtains from sorted table to represent according to the field contents acquisition that is used to store the class node father node in the sorted table;
Be used for according to the classification associated table generation module (13) of tables of data generation with the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data, all or part of field contents in the described classification associated table data table memory except that sorting field, the a plurality of taxonomical hierarchy fields that split into branch class.path according to sorting field storage in the tables of data, the class node after splitting according to the hierarchical relationship storage;
And be used for presenting sorted table, search condition is set, utilizes database index in classification associated table retrieve data and present the retrieval module (14) of result for retrieval.
The method of the invention and system, automatically split the back is stored as a plurality of fields according to hierarchical relationship classification associated table by the branch class.path that generates earlier sorting field storage in the tables of data, the mode of utilizing database index in classification associated table, accurately to retrieve again, overcome prior art and directly in tables of data, carried out the inefficient defective that fuzzy search brings, improved the grouped data effectiveness of retrieval, and not only can retrieve qualified class node information, the while can retrieve all nodal informations behind this node again.In addition, by being stored in the mode of many records in the classification associated table after the class.path fractionation in multiple minute with sorting field storage in the tables of data, support multiple classification to retrieve respectively, and have favorable expansibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system construction drawing described in the embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a method flow diagram described in the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that concerns between tables of data, trigger, sorted table and the classification associated table.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Core concept of the present invention is: sorting field is set, the hierarchical relationship (promptly dividing class.path) between the storage class node in tables of data; According to the hierarchical relationship between the class node each node is split into independently field, generate classification associated table, retrieve data in classification associated table.
Fig. 1 has shown a kind of structure of multiclass classification searching system, comprise the classified information memory module 11 that is used for the classified information of business datum is stored in sorted table, described sorted table comprises the field, the field that is used to store class node ID that are used to store class node level ID, be used to the field of storing the field of class node title and being used to store the class node father node;
Be used for business datum is stored in the business datum memory module 12 of tables of data, described tables of data comprises sorting field, described sorting field is used for storage and divides class.path, described classification path is according to the field contents acquisition that is used to store the class node father node in the sorted table, and the node on it uses the class node ID that obtains from sorted table to represent;
Be used for according to the classification associated table generation module 13 of tables of data generation with the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data, all or part of field contents in the described classification associated table data table memory except that sorting field, the a plurality of taxonomical hierarchy fields that split into branch class.path according to sorting field storage in the tables of data, the class node after splitting according to the hierarchical relationship storage;
And be used for presenting sorted table, search condition is set, utilizes database index in classification associated table retrieve data and present the retrieval module 14 of result for retrieval.
This system also comprises the trigger generation module 15 that is used for creating in tables of data trigger, when the data in the updated data table, trigger can with the data in the tables of data and with it data in corresponding classification associated table upgrade synchronously.
Fig. 2 has shown the method flow that adopts the retrieval of system shown in Figure 1 realization multiclass classification, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) classified information memory module 11 is stored in the classified information of business datum in the sorted table.
Sorted table can be a kind of tree structure table, comprises the field of storage class node level ID, the field of storage class node ID, the field of storage class node title and the field of storage class node father node etc.The primary structure of sorted table is as shown in the table:
| Taxonomical hierarchy ID | Class node ID | Specific name | Father node |
The establishment quantity of sorted table is determined according to the mode classification to data in the infosystem, the corresponding a kind of classification of sorted table.
(2) business datum memory module 12 is stored in business datum in the tables of data.
Tables of data comprises sorting field, and this field is used for storage and divides class.path.If a record can carry out multiple classification according to different angles in the tables of data, then can store multiple minute class.path in this field, the hierarchical relationship of classification and the symbolic representation that can adopt prior agreement in multiple minute between the class.path.
(3) classification associated table generates module 13 and generates classification associated table.
Classification associated table generates module 13 and sets up and the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data according to tables of data.All or part of field contents in this table data table memory except that sorting field, and a plurality of taxonomical hierarchy fields that split into according to the branch class.path of sorting field storage in the tables of data, according to the class node after the hierarchical relationship storage fractionation, structure is similar with the structure of data table corresponding with it, and preferred creation method may be summarized to be following two steps:
1. select in the tables of data all or part of field except that sorting field as the field in the classification associated table, and determine the number of the taxonomical hierarchy field in the classification associated table; The number of described taxonomical hierarchy field is not less than the level degree of depth of the darkest minute class.path of sorting field storage in the tables of data, comprises the level ID of class node in the title of taxonomical hierarchy field.
For example, the number of supposing taxonomical hierarchy field in the classification associated table is 10, field name is " classification _ 1 ", " classification _ 2 " ... " classification _ 9 ", " classification _ 10 ", and the level ID of numeral 1 wherein, 2......9,10 presentation class nodes is as shown in the table:
| ...... | Classification _ 1 | Classification _ 2 | ...... | Classification _ 9 | Classification _ 10 |
2. set up in the tables of data corresponding relation of field in the field and classification associated table, to be written to by the field contents that 1. step is chosen in the classification associated table record in the corresponding field, the branch class.path of tables of data sorting field storage is split according to hierarchical relationship, the class node after splitting is written to respectively in the classification associated table record in the respective classified level field according to the residing level of this class node.
The branch class.path of sorting field storage is that " 10_11_12_13 " (wherein " _ " is the level blank character in the tables of data of supposing to read, 10,11,12,13 presentation class node ID), according to its structure as can be known: 10 are the 1st layer, 11 is the 2nd layer, 13 to be the 3rd layer, 14 is the 4th layer, it is write in the classification associated table in the corresponding level field, if divide class.path not have predefined taxonomical hierarchy field dark, then in not having the level field of class node, write 0, as shown in the table:
| ...... | Classification _ 1 | Classification _ 2 | Classification _ 3 | Classification _ 4 | ...... | Classification _ 10 |
| ??10 | ??11 | ??12 | ??13 | ??0 | ??0 |
When storing multiple minute class.path in the sorting field of tables of data, class.path formed a record in the classification associated table in a kind of minute, and except that the taxonomical hierarchy field, other field contents that write down in all classification associated tables that divide class.paths to form are identical.
In said method, field contents redundant in the classification associated table can be selected according to concrete needs, then needn't carry out redundancy for some big the text fields or binary field.When this mode only relates to redundant field contents as the result who needs after the retrieval to show, then need not to carry out correlation inquiry, thereby can further improve effectiveness of retrieval with tables of data; When needing to show the field contents that does not have in the classification associated table after the retrieval, can from the tables of data corresponding, obtain with this classification associated table.
In addition, also preestablished the number of the taxonomical hierarchy field in the classification associated table in this method.Though this mode is easy to realize, can cause certain space waste.Can certainly carry out dynamic resolution according to the degree of depth of the branch class.path that reads, the number of the taxonomical hierarchy field in the degree of depth that makes the branch class.path and the classification associated table is identical.But, multiple minute class.path of sorting field storage and degree of depth difference in a tables of data; Perhaps the classification pathdepth that sorting field is stored in the different recording in the tables of data is not simultaneously, the degree of depth of taxonomical hierarchy field still needs time identically with the bottommost layer of the branch class.path of tables of data sorting field storage in the classification associated table, does not reach in the branch class.path of this degree of depth and does not exist the level field of class node still to need to use 0 occupy-place.Though this mode can be saved the space, show complicated slightly.
The corresponding relation of tables of data and classification associated table can be for one to one, i.e. corresponding classification associated table of tables of data, can certainly be one-to-many (the corresponding a plurality of classification associated tables of tables of data), many-one or multi-to-multi, the present invention does not limit between the two corresponding relation, and any mode all can.
(4) trigger generation module 14 is created trigger.
After classification associated table is set up, upgrade classification associated table if desired, then also should on the tables of data corresponding, generate the trigger that meets the database grammer automatically according to type of database with classification associated epiphase, be used for the data and the data in the classification associated table of tables of data are carried out synchronously, promptly when the data in the updated data table, the classification associated table corresponding with this tables of data also upgrades synchronously, to guarantee the consistance between classification associated table and the corresponding tables of data.Data Update mainly comprises in the tables of data increases record, more new record and deletion record, wherein more new record comprises renewal non-categorical field contents and upgrades the sorting field content, upgrade to increase in the sorting field that the sorting field content is included in former record and divide class.path etc., in former record, increase and divide the renewal process of class.path to may be summarized to be following steps:
1. trigger the trigger on this table during updated data table;
2. trigger obtains the branch class.path after this sorting field upgrades according to the sorting field that upgrades in the tables of data record;
3. according to the branch class.path after upgrading, upgrade the record in the classification associated table corresponding with this tables of data.It is similar to the method for setting up classification associated table to upgrade the method that writes down in the classification associated table.
For example, suppose that former structure of data table is as follows:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Field n | Sorting field |
| ??A_B_C |
The structure of former classification associated table is as follows:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Classification _ 1 | Classification _ 2 | Classification _ 3 |
| ??A | ??B | ??C |
Increase a kind of minute class.path in the sorting field of present former tables of data, the data list structure of modification is as follows:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Field n | Sorting field |
| ??A_B_C；X_Y_X |
It is as follows then to utilize trigger to upgrade the list structure of classification associated table:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Classification _ 1 | Classification _ 2 | Classification _ 3 |
| ??A | ??B | ??C | |||
| ??X | ??Y | ??Z |
Wherein, the 1st record and the 2nd record are except that sorting field, and the content of other fields is identical.
If increase a new record in the tables of data, the method for then upgrading classification associated table can be summarized as follows step:
1. trigger the trigger on this table during updated data table;
2. trigger obtains the recorded content that increases newly in the tables of data according to the record that upgrades in the tables of data;
3. according to the corresponding relation of field in field in the tables of data and the classification associated table, field contents in the tables of data is written in the classification associated table record in the corresponding field, the branch class.path of tables of data sorting field storage is split according to hierarchical relationship, the class node after splitting is written to respectively in the classification associated table record in the respective classified level field according to the residing level of this class node.
If record of deletion in the tables of data then utilizes trigger directly to delete to write down accordingly in the classification associated table according to major key and gets final product.
The method of creating trigger is a prior art, can consult pertinent literature, no longer launches explanation herein.
Fig. 3 has shown the relation between tables of data 31, trigger 34, sorted table 32 and the classification associated table 33.Need from sorted table, obtain classified information when setting up tables of data, and the ID that divides class node on the class.path; The foundation of classification associated table need be according to tables of data, and trigger is based upon on the tables of data, utilizes trigger to keep the synchronous renewal of tables of data and classification associated table during updated data table.
(5) retrieval module 15 retrieve data in classification associated table.
The structure that retrieval module 15 is showed sorted table, can therefrom obtain class node level ID and class node ID, in retrieval module 15, search condition is set according to class node level ID and class node ID, retrieval module 15 utilizes database index to retrieve in classification associated table, and shows result for retrieval.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, there is following a kind of mode classification in tentation data: A, B, C, D.Wherein, A is a root node, and level ID is 1, and class node ID is 100; B is the child node of A node, and level ID is 2, and class node ID is 101; C is the child node of B node, and level ID is 3, and class node ID is 102; D is the child node of node C, and level ID is 4, and class node ID is 103.
Suppose to set up the sorted table of following structure:
| Taxonomical hierarchy ID | Class node ID | Specific name | Father node |
| ??1 | ??100 | ??A | ??0 |
| ??2 | ??101 | ??B | ??1 |
| ??3 | ??102 | ??C | ??2 |
| ??4 | ??103 | ??D | ??3 |
Behind sorted table acquisition class node ID, suppose to set up the tables of data of following structure:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Field n | Sorting field |
| ??100_101_102_103 |
Hierarchical relationship between " _ " expression node in the last table in the sorting field.Certainly, can adopt other symbolic representations, the present invention does not limit the concrete storage format of sorting field yet, as long as can identify the hierarchical relationship between the class node.
In the present embodiment, after tables of data is set up, select field 1, field 2 and field 3 in this table as the field in the classification associated table, the number of taxonomical hierarchy field is 4.Set up in the tables of data corresponding relation of field in the field and classification associated table then, the content of field store in the tables of data is write respective field in the classification associated table; Split the branch class.path of tables of data sorting field storage, class node write respectively in the classification associated table in the respective classified level field, generate the classification associated table of following structure:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Classification _ 1 | Classification _ 2 | Classification _ 3 | Classification _ 4 |
| ??100 | ??101 | ??102 | ??103 |
Wherein, numeral " 1,2,3,4 " the presentation class level ID in " classification _ 1, classification _ 2, classification _ 3, classification _ 4 ", " 100,101,102,103 " presentation class node ID.
Classification associated table is created trigger after setting up on the tables of data relative with it, more use this trigger during new data when tables of data and keep data sync in tables of data and the classification associated table corresponding with it.
During retrieval, at first from sorted table, obtain taxonomical hierarchy ID and class node ID; Search condition is set then, supposes that the search condition that is provided with in the present embodiment is " classification _ 2=101 "; Utilize database index in classification associated table, to retrieve at last according to search condition.Not only can retrieve the information of " classification _ 2=101 ", can also retrieve the information of all nodes 102 thereafter and 103.
Embodiment 2
As different from Example 1, a plurality of minutes class.paths of sorting field storage in the tables of data, suppose that its structure is as shown in the table:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Field n | Classification |
| ??100_101；100_101_102；101_102_103 |
In the last table, the hierarchical relationship in the sorting field between the different taxonomical hierarchy with "; " at interval, can certainly adopt other symbols, as long as different classification differences can be come.The classification associated list structure that generates is as shown in the table:
| Field 1 | Field 2 | Field 3 | Classification _ 1 | Classification _ 2 | Classification _ 3 | Classification _ 4 |
| ??100 | ??101 | ??0 | ??0 | |||
| ??100 | ??101 | ??102 | ??0 | |||
| ??101 | ??102 | ??103 | ??0 |
Wherein, the content of " field 1 " of 3 records, " field 2 ", " field 3 " is identical.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technology thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (11)
1. multilevel classification retrieval method may further comprise the steps:
(1) classified information with business datum is stored in the sorted table, and described sorted table comprises the field, the field that is used to store class node ID that are used to store class node level ID, be used to the field of storing the field of class node title and being used to store the class node father node;
(2) business datum is stored in the tables of data, described tables of data comprises sorting field, described sorting field is used for storage and divides class.path, described classification path divides the class node on the class.path to use the class node ID that obtains from sorted table to represent according to the field contents acquisition that is used to store the class node father node in the sorted table;
(3) generate and the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data according to tables of data, all or part of field contents in the described classification associated table data table memory except that sorting field, and a plurality of taxonomical hierarchy fields that split into according to the branch class.path of sorting field storage in the tables of data, the class node after splitting according to the hierarchical relationship storage;
(4) in sorted table, obtain class node level ID and class node ID, search condition is set, utilize database index retrieve data in classification associated table.
2. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: storage one or more minutes class.path in the sorting field of tables of data described in the step (2).
3. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the corresponding relation described in the step (3) between tables of data and the classification associated table for one to one, one-to-many, many-one or multi-to-multi.
4. as the described a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps according to the process of tables of data generation described in the step (3) with the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data:
1. select in the tables of data all or part of field except that sorting field as the field in the classification associated table, and determine the number of the taxonomical hierarchy field in the classification associated table; The number of described taxonomical hierarchy field is not less than the level degree of depth of the darkest minute class.path of sorting field storage in the tables of data, comprises the level ID of class node in the title of taxonomical hierarchy field;
2. set up in the tables of data corresponding relation of field in the field and classification associated table, to be written to by the field contents that 1. step is chosen in the classification associated table record in the corresponding field, the branch class.path of tables of data sorting field storage is split according to hierarchical relationship, the class node after splitting is written to respectively in the classification associated table record in the respective classified level field according to the residing level of this class node.
5. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: step 2. in, when storing multiple minute class.path in the sorting field of tables of data, class.path formed a record in the classification associated table in a kind of minute, except that the taxonomical hierarchy field, other field contents that write down in all classification associated tables that divide class.path to form are identical.
6. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described method is after setting up classification associated table, also be included in the step of creating trigger on the tables of data corresponding with classification associated epiphase, during data in the updated data table, utilize described trigger that the data in the classification associated table are upgraded synchronously.
7. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the data in the described updated data table comprise increases record, more new record and deletion record, and described more new record is included in to increase in the sorting field of former record and divides a class.path.
8. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: when increasing record in tables of data, the described process of utilizing trigger that the data in the classification associated table are upgraded synchronously may further comprise the steps:
1. trigger the trigger on this table during updated data table;
2. trigger obtains the recorded content that increases newly according to the record that upgrades in the tables of data;
3. according to the recorded content that increases newly, upgrade the record in the classification associated table corresponding with this tables of data.
9. a kind of multilevel classification retrieval method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: increase when dividing class.path in the sorting field of former record, the described process of utilizing trigger that the data in the classification associated table are upgraded synchronously may further comprise the steps:
1. trigger the trigger on this table during updated data table;
2. trigger obtains the branch class.path after this sorting field upgrades according to the sorting field that upgrades in the tables of data record;
3. according to the branch class.path after upgrading, upgrade the record in the classification associated table corresponding with this tables of data.
10. multiclass classification searching system, comprise the classified information memory module (11) that is used for the classified information of business datum is stored in sorted table, described sorted table comprises the field, the field that is used to store class node ID that are used to store class node level ID, be used to the field of storing the field of class node title and being used to store the class node father node;
Be used for business datum is stored in the business datum memory module (12) of tables of data, described tables of data comprises sorting field, described sorting field is used for storage and divides class.path, described classification path divides the class node on the class.path to use the class node ID that obtains from sorted table to represent according to the field contents acquisition that is used to store the class node father node in the sorted table;
Be used for according to the classification associated table generation module (13) of tables of data generation with the corresponding classification associated table of this tables of data, all or part of field contents in the described classification associated table data table memory except that sorting field, the a plurality of taxonomical hierarchy fields that split into branch class.path according to sorting field storage in the tables of data, the class node after splitting according to the hierarchical relationship storage;
And be used for presenting sorted table, search condition is set, utilizes database index in classification associated table retrieve data and present the retrieval module (14) of result for retrieval.
11. a kind of multiclass classification searching system as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: described system also comprises the trigger generation module (15) that is used for creating in tables of data trigger, described trigger be used for the data of tables of data and with it data in corresponding classification associated table upgrade synchronously.
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