CN101840001B - Acquiring method and device of geological structure three-dimensional imaging data - Google Patents
Acquiring method and device of geological structure three-dimensional imaging data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acquiring method and a device of geological structure three-dimensional imaging data, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: acquiring seismic data obtained by aiming at a certain geological structure and corresponding speed model data volume; converting the seismic data into the seismic data of a frequency domain; utilizing a Chebychev-Founrier method capable of high-precision imaging to convert the speed model data volume and the seismic data of the frequency domain into three-dimensional imaging initial data which corresponds to the geological structure; and according to the three-dimensional imaging initial data, acquiring the three-dimensional imaging data volume of the certain geological structure. The Chebychev-Founrier method of the invention additionally utilizes the Chebyshev polynomial to reorder and truncate the partial derivatives of the Taylor expansion, the expansion precision and the wide angle precision of the high order Founrier method are improved, so the invention can be applicable to strong traversal speed-variable medium; and because only Founrier transformation is relied on and finite difference calculation is not related during the realization process, high resolution imaging of high dip angles can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of data processing, particularly relates to a kind of acquisition methods and device of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data.
Background technology
At present; A kind ofly obtaining architectonic method, promptly is to place explosive at underground a certain degree of depth place, can make the stratum produce certain vibration during the explosive explosion; Therefore will produce the seismic event of certain intensity, seismic event can produce reflection wave again when in the different medium layer, propagating.The variation of the time of seismic wave propagation and reflection wave amplitude and phase place can reflect the information of subsurface rock and fluid; Because the propagation of seismic wave velocity magnitude is by common comprehensive restriction of Related Environmental Factors such as the skeleton of rock, space, fluid and temperature, pressure, can predict architectonic through these characteristic analyses to seismic event.Therefore, the geological work personnel go out tectonic structure through the data inversion of obtaining relevant seismic event, through the geological data that is obtained is carried out a series of processing, can obtain architectonic accurately image.
Obtain the three-dimensional imaging data of complex geological structure in the prior art; Usually use the depth migration method based on the moving equation of one way wave-wave, two types of one way ripple offset methods commonly used in the prior art are respectively Fourier method of finite difference and Fourier method, yet all there is shortcoming separately in these two kinds of methods: the Fourier method of finite difference; Can processing speed tyrannical to variation; But the numerical value frequency dispersion is serious, has tangible three-dimensional errors due, is unfavorable for the high-resolution imaging of steep dip; Errors due can be eliminated through compensation technique, but the numerical value frequency dispersion does not have good solution; High-order Fourier method of the prior art has adopted low precision approximate upon deployment, and the expansion ordinary convergence speed of this low precision is slow; Even keep very high exponent number, still produce little effect for improving the operator precision, therefore; Though high-order Fourier method does not receive the influence of numerical value frequency dispersion and errors due; But, can't increase substantially the operator precision, so can not carry out accurately image to complex geological structure.
In sum, there is following shortcoming in the acquisition methods of architectonic three-dimensional imaging data of the prior art: restrain slowly during expansion, precision is low, can't increase substantially the precision of operator, so can not carry out accurately image to complex geological structure.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The application embodiment provides a kind of acquisition methods and device of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data; Restrain slowly when launching to solve, precision is low, can't increase substantially the precision of operator; So can not carry out the problem of accurately image to complex geological structure, technical scheme is following:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of acquisition methods of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data, comprising:
Obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure;
Said geological data is converted to the geological data of frequency field;
Utilization can high precision the Chebyshev Fourier method of imaging, the geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field is generated the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure correspondence;
According to described three-dimensional imaging primary data, obtain said a certain architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of deriving means of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data, comprising:
First acquiring unit is used to obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure;
Converting unit is used for said geological data is converted to the geological data of frequency field;
Generation unit, be used to utilize can the high precision imaging Chebyshev Fourier method, the geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field is generated the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure correspondence;
Second acquisition unit is used for according to described three-dimensional imaging primary data, obtains said a certain architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
Technical scheme by above the application embodiment provides is visible, and the Chebyshev Fourier method of utilizing example of the present invention to provide generates the corresponding three-dimensional imaging data of said tectonic structure with rate pattern data volume and frequency field geological data.Chebyshev Fourier method of the present invention; Increased and utilized Chebyshev polynomials that the local derviation coefficient in the Taylor expansion is reset and blocked; Because Chebyshev polynomials can make expansion progression minimize with antiderivative maximum deviation in the expansion progression of various identical exponent numbers, has therefore greatly improved precision of expansion.And under the meaning of maximum deviation, Chebyshev polynomials has speed of convergence faster than Taylor expansion and power series expansion.In sum, Chebyshev Fourier method provided by the invention has increased substantially precision of expansion, has improved the wide-angle precision of high-order Fourier method, therefore, can be applicable to tyrannical to variable velocity media; Only rely on Fourier transform and do not relate to limited Difference Calculation owing to implementation procedure again, thereby do not have the influence of three-dimensional errors due and numerical value frequency dispersion etc., so can access the high-resolution imaging of steep dip.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the application embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiment that put down in writing among the application, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the acquisition methods embodiment 1 of a kind of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for using three kinds of certain architectonic steep dip imaging effects that offset method obtains;
The curve map that Fig. 3 changes with the speed contrast for the maximum propagation angle of using offset method always;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the acquisition methods embodiment 2 of a kind of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the terrace cut slice of three-D migration impulse response;
Fig. 6 is the dropping cut slice of three-dimensional wave field 60 ° of positions on offset from perpendicular;
Fig. 7 is the terrace cut slice that the Chebyshev Fourier method of utilizing the Fourier method of finite difference and the embodiment of the invention to provide obtains;
Fig. 8 is the dropping cut slice that the Chebyshev Fourier method of utilizing the Fourier method of finite difference and the embodiment of the invention to provide obtains;
Fig. 9 is the terrace cut slice and the dropping cut slice of salt dome model;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of a kind of deriving means embodiment 1 of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of a kind of deriving means embodiment 2 of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the technical scheme among the application better; To combine the accompanying drawing among the application embodiment below; Technical scheme among the application embodiment is carried out clear, intactly description; Obviously, described embodiment only is the application's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the application, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
At first a kind of architectonic three-dimensional imaging data acquisition methods to the application embodiment describes.
Referring to Fig. 1, show the process flow diagram of the acquisition methods embodiment 1 of a kind of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data of the present invention, can may further comprise the steps:
Step 101: obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure.
The implementation procedure of this step specifically can be: obtain the rate pattern data volume by main frame through the rate pattern file that reads in the hard disk, obtain said architectonic geological data through the seismologic record file that reads in the hard disk.
Step 102: the geological data that said geological data is converted to frequency field.
This step specifically can be: the main frame utilization is transformed into the time domain geological data that acquire before based on the fast fourier transform method of CPU the geological data of frequency field.
Step 103: utilization can be handled wide-angular spread and tyrannical Chebyshev Fourier method to velocity variations simultaneously, the geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field is generated the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure correspondence.
This step can be at first; From the frequency field geological data that obtains by above-mentioned steps 102, extract the corresponding frequency slice data of frequencies omega; Again according to the rate pattern data volume that obtains in the step 101; Utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method that described frequency slice data are carried out the initial wave field extrapolation of the bottom from the rate pattern top to rate pattern, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; Utilize Chebyshev polynomials that described initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation then; When the division step, the Fourier method was carried out initial wave field extrapolation in order to the correction employing; The error that the steep dip wave field exists, thus the high-precision three-dimensional imaging primary data of frequency slice data obtained at each depth location of tectonic structure.
Referring to Fig. 2, show and use three kinds of certain architectonic steep dip imaging effects that method obtains.As shown in Figure 2, subgraph a shows said architectonic rate pattern; Subgraph b shows and uses the said architectonic steep dip imaging effect that second order general screen method (GSP2) obtains; Subgraph c shows and uses the said architectonic steep dip imaging effect that Fourier method of finite difference (FFD) obtains; The said architectonic steep dip imaging effect that the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that subgraph d shows the application embodiment of the invention to be provided obtains.Can find out by this figure, the steep dip imaging effect that second order general screen method (GSP2) obtains, though background is cleaner, the quality of steep dip imaging is obviously not as other two kinds of methods.And the steep dip imaging results that the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that the embodiment of the invention provides obtains is more clear than the result of Fourier method of finite difference (FFD), and has cleaner background and salt dome inside story.Therefore, the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that provides of the embodiment of the invention is superior to Fourier method of finite difference and second order general screen method on imaging effect.
Change the frequency values of the frequency field geological data that extracts, the operation that repeats above-mentioned steps can obtain the interior three-dimensional imaging primary data of whole frequency field of frequency field geological data.
Referring to Fig. 3, show the curve map of the maximum propagation angle of offset method commonly used with the variation of speed contrast.Can know the accurate propagation angle of division step Fourier method (SSF, Split-Step Fourier) minimum (only getting the minimum speed value with every interval velocity model is example as the situation of this layer reference velocity) by figure.General screen method (GSP, Generalized Screen Propagator) has obviously improved accurately propagation angle of weak lateral speed change zone (being the little region of variation of speed contrast, then is abscissa axis region of variation on the right side among the figure).Wherein, the GSP1 among the figure is a FIRST ORDER GENERALIZED DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER screen method, and GSP2 is a second order general screen method, and GSP3 is three rank general screen methods, and GSP4 is a quadravalence general screen method.The maximum propagation angle of Fourier method of finite difference (FFD) integral body on the basis of division step Fourier method has improved about 40 °.The maximum propagation angle of the Chebyshev Fourier method of finite difference of optimizing (GOFFD) integral body on the basis of division step Fourier method has improved about 60 °.The maximum propagation angle of the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that the embodiment of the invention provides has also improved about 10 ° than the Fourier method of finite difference of not optimizing.
Step 104:, obtain said a certain architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body according to described three-dimensional imaging primary data.
This step specifically can be: the corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data of frequency slice data that at first acquires the whole frequency field of said frequency field geological data; The summation that adds up of then that said all frequency slice data are corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data can obtain said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
Technical scheme by above the application embodiment provides is visible, and the Chebyshev Fourier method of utilizing example of the present invention to provide generates the corresponding three-dimensional imaging data of said tectonic structure with rate pattern data volume and frequency field geological data.Chebyshev Fourier method of the present invention has increased and has utilized Chebyshev polynomials that the local derviation coefficient in the Taylor expansion is reset and blocked, and has therefore greatly improved precision of expansion.And under the meaning of maximum deviation, Chebyshev polynomials has speed of convergence faster than Taylor expansion and power series expansion.In sum, Chebyshev Fourier method provided by the invention has increased substantially precision of expansion, thereby has improved the wide-angle precision of high-order Fourier method, therefore, can be applicable to tyrannically to variable velocity media, and can access the high-resolution imaging of steep dip.
Referring to Fig. 4, show the process flow diagram of the acquisition methods embodiment 2 of a kind of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data of the present invention, can may further comprise the steps:
Step 401: obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure.
Step 402: the geological data that said geological data is converted to frequency field.
Step 403: extract the corresponding frequency slice data of a certain frequency of frequency field geological data.
From the frequency field geological data that obtains by above-mentioned treatment step conversion, extract the corresponding frequency slice data of frequencies omega.If the maximal value ω of the frequency band range of frequency field geological data
MaxSpacing frequency is Δ ω, and the process of frequency slice data of obtaining the whole frequency field of frequency field geological data can be the operation of repeating step 203, and each frequency values that extracts is that the preceding frequency values that once extracts increases spacing frequency Δ ω; If the frequency slice data frequency value of extracting for the first time is ω; The frequency slice data frequency value corresponding of then extracting for the second time is ω+Δ ω, and the rest may be inferred, up to the maximal value ω of the frequency band range of frequency field geological data
Max
Step 404: ground floor at the rate pattern top; Utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method; Said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result, utilize Chebyshev polynomials again; Said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice data at the rate pattern ground floor;
From the extremely last one deck of the second layer of said rate pattern; Each layer is all with the wave field extrapolation result of its preceding one deck input as this layer wave field extrapolation; Utilize above-mentioned initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation method then; Said frequency slice data are carried out wave field extrapolation,, finally obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said rate pattern top to the said frequency slice of the continuation result formation of all layers of rate pattern bottom to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice data.
In the above-mentioned steps, if the depth capacity of rate pattern is z
MaxDepth step is Δ z, and then concrete wave field extrapolation process can be: at first utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method, said frequency slice data are carried out the initial wave field extrapolation from a certain depth z to z+ Δ z degree of depth place; Obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; And then utilize Chebyshev polynomials, and said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, promptly carry out high-order correction wave field extrapolation; Concrete implementation process is exactly to utilize Chebyshev polynomials that the local derviation coefficient among the initial wave field extrapolation result is reset and blocked, thereby has kept the precision of expansion based on the migration operator of the moving equation of one way wave-wave the biglyyest.
Change continuation depth value z and accomplish the wave field extrapolation of bottom from the rate pattern top to rate pattern; Can be after the wave field extrapolation of accomplishing depth z; On the basis of depth value z, increase a depth step Δ z and substitute former depth value promptly with the alternative z of z '=z+ Δ z; And, said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation with the wave field extrapolation result at depth z place input as depth z+Δ z place.The rest may be inferred, up to the depth capacity z that accomplishes rate pattern
MaxWave field extrapolation, obtain the wave field extrapolation result.
At last, utilize global optimization method that one way ripple migration operator is carried out constant coefficient optimization, further eliminate the global error of said migration operator based on the moving equation of one way wave-wave, improve the migration operator precision.And obtain to be applicable to the constant coefficient of arbitrary speed model, thereby significantly reduced calculated amount based on one way ripple offset method.When said migration operator being carried out constant coefficient optimization, can constant coefficient to be optimized reasonably be compressed to three constant coefficients, help reducing the complexity of said migration operator like this, help keeping the stability of said migration operator.
Adopt shift pulse to respond the performance that confirms Chebyshev Fourier method provided by the invention, define a three-dimensional uniform dielectric, its true wave field speed v=4500m/s.Referring to Fig. 5, show the terrace cut slice of three-D migration impulse response, as shown in the figure, the section of the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that provides by second order general screen method (GSP2) and the embodiment of the invention of two secondary subgraphs is formed by stacking up and down.Left and right sides two parts among the subgraph a among Fig. 4 are successively corresponding to reference velocity v
0(be tyrannical to velocity variations, the speed contrast is (v-v to=1500m/s
0)/v=66.7%) and v
0(be big lateral speed change, the speed contrast is (v-v to=2250m/s
0)/v=50%); Left and right sides two parts among the subgraph b among Fig. 5 are successively corresponding to reference velocity v
0(be medium lateral speed change, the speed contrast is (v-v to=3000m/s
0)/v=33.3%) and v
0(promptly weak lateral speed change, the speed contrast is (v-v to=3750m/s
0)/v=16.7%).Can find out by figure, when the speed contrast greater than 50% the time, the impulse response of second order general screen method just begins obviously to have departed from correct locus (being the position at dotted line semi arch place) in smaller angle.The pulse sound of the Chebyshev Fourier method that the embodiment of the invention provides with respect to strong, in, a little less than various contrasts all can be accurate to 60 °.
Referring to Fig. 6, show the dropping cut slice of three-dimensional wave field 60 ° of positions on offset from perpendicular.It is four parts that this figure is divided into: zone, the upper left corner is corresponding to reference velocity v
0=1500m/s, zone, the lower left corner is corresponding to reference velocity v
0=2250m/s, zone, the lower right corner is corresponding to reference velocity v
0=3000m/s, zone, the upper left corner is corresponding to reference velocity v
0=3750m/s, the conversion between reference velocity and the speed contrast is repeated no more with above-mentioned process here.Each part is formed by stacking by the dropping cut slice of the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that second order general screen method (GSP2) and the embodiment of the invention provide.Can find out that by Fig. 6 the impulse response of second order general screen method removes the pairing weak lateral velocity variation in the upper right corner (i.e. (v-v
0)/v=16.7%) in addition, its excess-three place has all obviously departed from correct locus, i.e. the position at broken circle place.By contrast, the pulse sound of the Chebyshev Fourier method that the embodiment of the invention provides all can approach correct locus with respect to the various speed contrasts that provide always.
The Fourier method of finite difference is the tyrannical effective ways to velocity variations of a kind of generally acknowledged processing.Choose this method here as a reference, in order to estimate Chebyshev Fourier method that the embodiment of the invention provides architectonic imaging capability for complex dielectrics.Referring to Fig. 7, show the terrace cut slice that the Chebyshev Fourier method of utilizing the Fourier method of finite difference and the embodiment of the invention to provide obtains.Subgraph a by among Fig. 7 can find out, the space lattice that uses when experiment is during as 10m, and the maximum accurate propagation angle of the Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) that the embodiment of the invention provides is suitable basically with Fourier method of finite difference (FFD).But, can find out that by the subgraph b among Fig. 7 when the space lattice that uses of experiment during as 20m, the Fourier method of finite difference very strong numerical value frequency dispersion occurred in 40 °～90 ° inclination angle scopes.By contrast, no matter the Chebyshev Fourier method that the embodiment of the invention provides is that 10m grid or 20m grid all do not have the numerical value frequency dispersion, and this method precision is suitable basically with the Fourier method of finite difference.
Referring to Fig. 8, show the dropping cut slice that the Chebyshev Fourier method of utilizing the Fourier method of finite difference and the embodiment of the invention to provide obtains, as shown in Figure 8, for strong speed contrast (v-v
0)/v=66.7%; Fourier method of finite difference (FFD) and Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) have all obtained very high precision; But Fourier method of finite difference (FFD) has tangible numerical value frequency dispersion for coarse grid, and tangible azimuthal anisotropy error is arranged, and is all the more so in diagonal.And the numerical value frequency dispersion does not have good solution.By contrast, the impulse response precision that obtains of Chebyshev Fourier method (OCF) is high, background is clean, and does not have the interference of numerical value frequency dispersion and errors due.
Step 406: the three-dimensional imaging primary data of obtaining all frequency slice data of frequency field geological data.
The operation of repeated execution of steps 203-205 just can obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of all frequency slice data of the whole frequency field of frequency field geological data.
Referring to Fig. 9, show the terrace cut slice and the dropping cut slice of salt dome model, wherein the subgraph a among Fig. 9 shows the terrace cut slice of salt dome model, and the subgraph b among Fig. 9 shows the dropping cut slice of salt dome model.Terrace cut slice here and dropping cut slice are the pairing three-dimensional imaging primary datas of the frequency slice data of frequency field geological data.Architectonic three-dimensional accurately image is combined by the terrace cut slice and the dropping cut slice of the whole frequency field of frequency field geological data.
Step 407:, obtain said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body with the summation that adds up of said three-dimensional imaging primary data.
This step can be with all three-dimensional imaging primary datas that above-mentioned steps obtains summation that adds up, thereby acquires said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
In another kind of embodiment provided by the invention, can with the division step of the utilization in the foregoing description Fourier method or phase place screen method be carried out initial wave field extrapolation and utilize Chebyshev polynomials to carry out follow-up wave field extrapolation, put upside down execution.Promptly at first utilize Chebyshev polynomials; Said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation; Obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; Utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method again, said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said frequency slice data each degree of depth in tectonic structure.
Need to prove here; (the i.e. two parts of division step Fourier method: phase shift in the reference velocity and slowness disturbance time shift of four parts in the Chebyshev Fourier method that the embodiment of the invention provides; And two parts of Chebyshev polynomials high-order correction: single order correction term and second order correction term) can carry out with random order; As long as each several part series connection is carried out, promptly the result that obtains of each part is as the input of next part.And the Chebyshev Fourier method that the embodiment of the invention provides can also be applied to migration before stack.
Corresponding to top method embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of architectonic three-dimensional imaging data deriving means.
Referring to Figure 10, show the structural representation of a kind of deriving means embodiment 1 of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data, can comprise:
First acquiring unit 1001 is used to obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure.
Said first acquiring unit 1001 can obtain the rate pattern data volume through the rate pattern file that reads in the hard disk, and obtains said architectonic geological data through the seismologic record file that reads in the hard disk.
Converting unit 1002 is used for said geological data is converted to the geological data of frequency field.
Said converting unit 1002 can be utilized the fast fourier transform method based on CPU, the time domain geological data that acquires before is transformed into the geological data of frequency field.
Said generation unit 1003; From the frequency field geological data that obtains by above-mentioned converting unit 1002, extract the corresponding frequency slice data of frequencies omega; The rate pattern data volume that obtains according to first acquiring unit 1001 again; At first, utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method that described frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; Utilize Chebyshev polynomials that described initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation then; When the division step, the Fourier method was carried out initial wave field extrapolation in order to the correction employing; The error that the steep dip wave field exists, thus the high-precision three-dimensional imaging primary data of frequency slice data obtained at each depth location of tectonic structure.
Change the frequency values that extracts the frequency field geological data, the operation that repeats above-mentioned steps can obtain the interior three-dimensional imaging primary data of whole frequency field of frequency field geological data.
Said second acquisition unit 1004 at first acquires the corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data of frequency slice data of the whole frequency field of said frequency field geological data; The summation that adds up of then that said all frequency slice data are corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data can be obtained said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
Referring to Figure 11, show the structural representation of a kind of deriving means embodiment 2 of tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data, can comprise:
First acquiring unit 1001 is used to obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure.
This device specifically can be to obtain the rate pattern data volume by main frame through the rate pattern file that reads in the hard disk, obtains said architectonic geological data through the seismologic record file that reads in the hard disk.Flow to converting unit 1002.
Converting unit 1002 is used for said geological data is converted to the geological data of frequency field.
This device time domain geological data that specifically can be the main frame utilization will acquire from first acquiring unit 1001 based on the fast fourier transform method of CPU is transformed into the geological data of frequency field, flows to extraction unit 1101.
Extraction unit 1101 is used to extract the corresponding frequency slice data of a certain frequency of frequency field geological data.
This device can extract the corresponding frequency slice data of frequencies omega from the frequency field geological data that is transported by converting unit 1002.If the maximal value ω of the frequency band range of frequency field geological data
MaxSpacing frequency is Δ ω, and the process of frequency slice data of obtaining the whole frequency field of frequency field geological data can be the operation of repeating step 203, and each frequency values that extracts is that the preceding frequency values that once extracts increases spacing frequency Δ ω; If the frequency slice data frequency value of extracting for the first time is ω; The frequency slice data frequency value corresponding of then extracting for the second time is ω+Δ ω, and the rest may be inferred, up to the maximal value ω of the frequency band range of frequency field geological data
Max
Generate subelement 1102; Be used for ground floor, utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method, said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation at the rate pattern top; Obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; Utilize Chebyshev polynomials again, said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice at said rate pattern ground floor; From the extremely last one deck of the second layer of said rate pattern; Each layer is all with the wave field extrapolation result of its preceding one deck input as this layer wave field extrapolation; Utilize the method for above-mentioned initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation; Said frequency slice data are carried out wave field extrapolation,, finally obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of rate pattern top to the said frequency slice data of the continuation result formation of all layers of rate pattern bottom to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice.
Wherein, if the depth capacity of rate pattern is z
MaxDepth step is Δ z; Then said generation subelement 1102, the process that specifically is used to carry out wave field extrapolation can be: at first utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method, said frequency slice data are carried out the initial wave field extrapolation from a certain depth z to z+ Δ z degree of depth place; Obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; And then utilize Chebyshev polynomials, and said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, promptly carry out high-order correction wave field extrapolation; Concrete implementation process is exactly to utilize Chebyshev polynomials that the local derviation coefficient among the initial wave field extrapolation result is reset and blocked, thereby has kept the precision of expansion based on the migration operator of the moving equation of one way wave-wave the biglyyest.
Change continuation depth value z and accomplish the wave field extrapolation of bottom from the rate pattern top to rate pattern; Can be after the wave field extrapolation of accomplishing depth z; On the basis of depth value z, increase a depth step Δ z and substitute former depth value promptly with the alternative z of z '=z+ Δ z; And, said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation with the wave field extrapolation result at depth z place input as depth z+Δ z place.The rest may be inferred, up to the depth capacity z that accomplishes rate pattern
MaxWave field extrapolation, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result.
At last, utilize global optimization method that one way ripple migration operator is carried out constant coefficient optimization, further eliminate the global error of said migration operator based on the moving equation of one way wave-wave, improve the migration operator precision.And obtain to be applicable to the constant coefficient of arbitrary speed model, thereby significantly reduced calculated amount based on one way ripple offset method.When said migration operator being carried out constant coefficient optimization, can constant coefficient to be optimized reasonably be compressed to three constant coefficients, help reducing the complexity of said migration operator like this, help keeping the stability of said migration operator.
First obtains subelement 1103, is used to obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of all frequency slice data of frequency field geological data.
This device specifically can be the operation of duplicating device 1101-1102, can obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of all frequency slice data of the whole frequency field of frequency field geological data.Operation through following device just can obtain said tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data body by the three-dimensional initial imaging data of said all frequency slice data again.
Second obtains subelement 1104, is used for the summation that adds up of said three-dimensional imaging primary data is obtained said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
This device can be with all three-dimensional imaging primary datas that obtained by said apparatus summation that adds up, thereby acquires said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
The embodiment of another kind of architectonic three-dimensional imaging data deriving means; Generation subelement 1102 among the above-mentioned device embodiment; Can also be used to utilize Chebyshev polynomials, said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; And then utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method, said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said frequency slice data each degree of depth in tectonic structure.
For the convenience of describing, be divided into various unit with function when describing above the device and describe respectively.Certainly, when implementing the application, can in same or a plurality of softwares and/or hardware, realize the function of each unit.
Description through above embodiment can know, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the application and can realize by the mode that software adds essential general hardware platform.Based on such understanding; The part that the application's technical scheme contributes to prior art in essence in other words can be come out with the embodied of software product; This computer software product can be stored in the storage medium, like ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., comprises that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be a personal computer; Server, the perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out the described method of some part of each embodiment of the application or embodiment.
Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment, and each embodiment stresses all is the difference with other embodiment.Especially, for device embodiment, because it is basically similar in appearance to method embodiment, so describe fairly simplely, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of method embodiment.Device embodiment described above only is schematic; Wherein said unit as the separating component explanation can or can not be physically to separate also; The parts that show as the unit can be or can not be physical locations also; Promptly can be positioned at a place, perhaps also can be distributed on a plurality of NEs.Can realize the purpose of present embodiment scheme according to the needs selection some or all of module wherein of reality.Those of ordinary skills promptly can understand and implement under the situation of not paying creative work.
The application can be used in numerous general or special purpose computingasystem environment or the configuration.For example: personal computer, server computer, handheld device or portable set, plate equipment, multicomputer system, the system based on microprocessor, set top box, programmable consumer-elcetronics devices, network PC, small-size computer, mainframe computer, comprise DCE of above any system or equipment or the like.
The application can describe in the general context of the computer executable instructions of being carried out by computing machine, for example program module.Usually, program module comprises the routine carrying out particular task or realize particular abstract, program, object, assembly, data structure or the like.Also can in DCE, put into practice the application, in these DCEs, by through communication network connected teleprocessing equipment execute the task.In DCE, program module can be arranged in this locality and the remote computer storage medium that comprises memory device.
The above only is the application's a embodiment; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the application's principle; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as the application's protection domain.
Claims (5)
1. the acquisition methods of a tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure;
Said geological data is converted to the geological data of frequency field;
The Chebyshev Fourier method that utilization can form images generates the corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure with the geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field; The Chebyshev Fourier method that said utilization can form images; The geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field is generated the step of the corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure, specifically comprise: extract the corresponding frequency slice data of a certain frequency of frequency field geological data; At the rate pattern ground floor; Utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method; Said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result, utilize Chebyshev polynomials again; Said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice at said rate pattern ground floor; From the extremely last one deck of the second layer of said rate pattern; Each layer is all with the wave field extrapolation result of its preceding one deck input as this layer wave field extrapolation; And utilize the method for above-mentioned initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation; Said frequency slice data are carried out wave field extrapolation,, finally obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of rate pattern top to the said frequency slice data of the continuation result formation of all layers of rate pattern bottom to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice;
Perhaps; The Chebyshev Fourier method that said utilization can form images; The geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field is generated the step of the corresponding three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure, specifically comprise: extract the corresponding frequency slice data of a certain frequency of frequency field geological data; At said rate pattern ground floor; Utilize Chebyshev polynomials; Said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation, obtain initial wave field extrapolation result, utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method again; Said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice data at ground floor; Begin to last one deck from the said rate pattern second layer; Each layer is all with the wave field extrapolation result of its preceding one deck input as this layer wave field extrapolation; Utilize above-mentioned initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation method; Said frequency slice data are carried out wave field extrapolation,, finally obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said rate pattern top to the said frequency slice of the continuation result formation of all layers of rate pattern bottom to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice data;
According to described three-dimensional imaging primary data, obtain said a certain architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, and is said according to described three-dimensional imaging primary data, obtains said a certain architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body, specifically comprises:
Obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of all frequency slice data of frequency field geological data;
With the summation that adds up of said three-dimensional imaging primary data, obtain said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said Chebyshev polynomials is:
Utilize global optimization method to carry out the Chebyshev polynomials that is applicable to the arbitrary speed model that obtains after the constant coefficient optimization.
4. the deriving means of a tectonic structure three-dimensional imaging data is characterized in that, comprising:
First acquiring unit is used to obtain the geological data and the corresponding rate pattern data volume that obtain to a certain tectonic structure;
Converting unit is used for said geological data is converted to the geological data of frequency field;
Generation unit is used to utilize the Chebyshev Fourier method that can form images, and the geological data of said rate pattern data volume and frequency field is generated the three-dimensional imaging primary data of said tectonic structure correspondence; Said generation unit specifically comprises: extract subelement and first and generate subelement, said extraction subelement is used to extract the corresponding frequency slice data of a certain frequency of frequency field geological data; Said first generates subelement; Be used for ground floor, utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method, said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation at the rate pattern top; Obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; Utilize Chebyshev polynomials again, said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice at said rate pattern ground floor; From the extremely last one deck of the second layer of said rate pattern; Each layer is all with the wave field extrapolation result of its preceding one deck input as this layer wave field extrapolation; Utilize the method for above-mentioned initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation; Said frequency slice data are carried out wave field extrapolation,, finally obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of rate pattern top to the said frequency slice data of the continuation result formation of all layers of rate pattern bottom to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice;
Perhaps, said generation unit specifically comprises: said extraction subelement and second generates subelement, and said second generates subelement; Be used for ground floor, utilize Chebyshev polynomials, said frequency slice data are carried out initial wave field extrapolation at the rate pattern top; Obtain initial wave field extrapolation result; Utilize division step Fourier method or phase place screen method again, said initial wave field extrapolation result is carried out follow-up wave field extrapolation, to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice at said rate pattern ground floor; From the extremely last one deck of the second layer of said rate pattern; Each layer is all with the wave field extrapolation result of its preceding one deck input as this layer wave field extrapolation; Utilize the method for above-mentioned initial wave field extrapolation and follow-up wave field extrapolation; Said frequency slice data are carried out wave field extrapolation,, finally obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of rate pattern top to the said frequency slice data of the continuation result formation of all layers of rate pattern bottom to obtain the continuation result of said frequency slice;
Second acquisition unit is used for according to described three-dimensional imaging primary data, obtains said a certain architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
5. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said second deriving means specifically comprises:
First obtains subelement, is used to obtain the three-dimensional imaging primary data of all frequency slice data of frequency field geological data;
Second obtains subelement, is used for the summation that adds up of said three-dimensional imaging primary data is obtained said architectonic three-dimensional imaging data body.
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| CN101876714B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2012-05-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Method and device for acquiring three-dimensional imaging data of geologic structure |
| CN102323613B (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2013-06-19 | 西南石油大学 | Finite difference migration method based on rational Chebyshev approximation optimizing coefficient |
| CN104034847B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-03-30 | 阿默思(天津)科技发展有限公司 | A kind of accurate smell fingerprint detection method based on fast discrete frequency-domain analysis theory |
| CA2973278C (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2023-09-19 | Statoil (Beijing) Technology Services Co., Ltd. | Method, system and non-transitory computer-readable medium for forming a seismic image of a geological structure |
| CN105807317B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2019-04-30 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Anisotropy decaying surface wave analogy method based on Chebyshev's puppet spectrometry |
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| WO2002037422A1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-10 | Magic Earth Inc. | System and method for analyzing and imaging three-dimensional volume data sets |
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