CN101834877A - Method and system for balancing dynamic load based on distributed SIP architecture - Google Patents
Method and system for balancing dynamic load based on distributed SIP architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for balancing dynamic load based on a distributed SIP architecture. The system comprises a user side, DNS, a database and a plurality of SIP servers for dynamically registering information thereof to the database. The method for balancing the dynamic load comprises the following steps: maintaining a real-time service state list for the SIP servers in the database, wherein, the service state list comprises an SIP server address, a working state and a load rate; and initiating a call to the registered SIP servers by the user side, processing the signaling if the servers are idle, otherwise re-directing the signaling to other available idle servers for processing. By the invention, the burden for processing SIP information can be equally shared by each server, and the bottleneck of the system caused by that all signaling passes through the same balance server is avoided. The system can dynamically adapt to participation and departure of the SIP servers, thus improving reliability and self adaptability of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implementation method and system of dynamic load leveling, particularly based on the method and system of the dynamic load leveling of distributed SIP architecture.
Background technology
Along with VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol), the extensive use of multimedia conferencing etc., the application of session initiation protocol (Session Initiation Protocol is called for short SIP) is more and more wider, has become one of next generation multimedia communication protocol.
The increase of SIP applied business number of users, the processing capability requirements of server increases thereupon, how to make the SIP webserver improve Business Processing to greatest extent, and make each resource bring into play it simultaneously is the problem that needs are considered as far as possible to greatest extent.
What generally adopt at present is Clustering.Cluster generally is made up of a load equalizer and a plurality of server.Load equalizer provides a unified external interface, receive user's the message and the response of forwarding server, when each user sends to load equalizer with sip message, allocation strategy by load equalizer, from a plurality of servers, select suitable (being generally not busy server), forward this message to the server processing of getting on, the message response for server is forwarded to user terminal via load equalizer again.Because load equalizer only needs the IP that parses message and port or its Call-ID of lightweight, arrive server according to balanced each message of distributing of this characteristic value then, do not relate to the parsing fully and the processing of message, therefore, load equalizer is less to the consumption of resource, thereby higher message throughput is arranged.Each server is finished identical functions, and is independently of one another, only handles the sip message that is assigned to book server.The increase of number of servers, concurrent processing ability to user message strengthens thereupon, in addition, because load equalizer accomplishes that as far as possible balanced each message of distributing is to server, thereby the message that can effectively avoid needing on a certain server to handle is too much waited for, and other servers are in the situation of idle condition.
This mode can improve the disposal ability of system greatly, but it also has tangible drawback: at first, when though load equalizer is transmitted with each server less system resource of specific consumption mutually, thereby more message can be distributed to a plurality of server process, but because all requests and response all need be passed through this load equalizer, when user's concurrent request surpasses the ability to bear of load equalizer, message is waited on load equalizer, even server cluster has the ability to handle these message simultaneously, also can only wait for after load equalizer is come distribution of messages and could handle.Like this, load equalizer just becomes a serious bottleneck of system, the disposal ability that system for restricting is higher.In addition, existing load balancing allocation strategy generally is based on Call-ID's, by this value is got hash value, thereby make Different Ca ll-ID discretization as far as possible after conversion, afterwards to being worth delivery (modulus is the number of server) behind the Hash, according to the difference of remainder, corresponding message is transferred to different server process.This method can not adaptation server dynamic adding and leave, when server adds or leaves, load equalizer can't the aware services device variation, thereby may be to the server that leaves service cluster with new call distribution, perhaps can't be to the server that joins service cluster with new call distribution.Thereby may cause call failure or load allocating inequality.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method and system of the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture, thereby guarantee the adding by server and leave, the disposed of in its entirety ability of dynamic debugging system, guarantee that simultaneously each server equilibrium shares Message Processing, avoid a certain processing unit to become the bottleneck of whole system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the method for a kind of dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, safeguard the real-time service state tabulation of a sip server in database, described service state tabulation comprises IP address, operating state, registered user's load factor, the call load rate of sip server;
When step 2, user side were initiated registration to territory, DNS place, DNS selected that sip server of registered user's load factor minimum according to registered user's load factor of each server of described real-time service state tabulation record, distributes to the user side registration;
When step 3, user side were initiated the SIP request to the registration sip server, this sip server upgraded its present load number, if this server call load rate is less, then handles this message; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the sip server of current call load rate minimum, and this message is redirected on that sip server.
Further improved, when described step 3 is redirected to the sip server of call load rate minimum with this message, comprise that this sip server upgraded its present load number when step 4:SIP server was received redirected SIP request, if this server call load rate is less, then handle this message; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the sip server of current call load rate minimum, and this message is redirected on that sip server.
More optimal, comprise also when step 5:SIP server adds system that this initiate sip server is accepted new user's registration and shared the redirect message processing of other servers, and sets up heartbeat signal with described database; When server left, the user side that is registered to above it connected disconnection, re-registers on other server and the acceptance service, and the heartbeat signal of disconnection and described database.
The present invention also proposes a kind of system of the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture, and this system comprises:
Database is used for record and upgrades described real-time service state tabulation;
DNS is responsible for balanced distributing user end registration;
Sip server is accepted and process user end request message; Sip server has heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal;
User side, promptly the system registry user initiates the SIP service request.
Described real-time service state tabulation also comprises current registered user's number, maximum registered user's number, current calls, maximum calls.
The present invention can make each server equilibrium treatment user side request and not have the equalization server limited processing ability; Simultaneously according to the demand of user side, dynamically to adjust the adding of server and leave and can satisfy new demand, and do not need to carry out other parameter setting, thereby improve the reliability of system greatly, adaptivity has very high practical value.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 server initialization flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is user side register flow path figure of the present invention.
Process chart when Fig. 4 directly handles request message for server call load rate is little.
Fig. 5 is that server call load rate is bigger, realizes the process chart of real-time load balancing in the time of this request need being redirected to other server process.
Fig. 6 adds, leaves the process chart of dynamically adjusting for system of the present invention according to server.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of system of the present invention.It comprises: DNS, database, a plurality of sip servers.The list structure schematic diagram of database is as shown in table 1, and it introduces See Figure 2 explanations in detail.DNS and a plurality of sip server are in the same territory, when user side during to the registration of this territory, at first initiate the DNS query messages to DNS, DNS is according to registered user's load factor of each available server in the database, select the IP of the minimum server of this value to respond, thereby user side is to server registration that distributes and initiation SIP request to user side.When server is received the SIP request, upgrade its current calls, if book server call load rate is little then handles it, otherwise this message is redirected on the server of other call load rate minimum, thereby reaches effect of load balance.
| Server ip | State | Current registered user's number | Maximum registered user's number | Registered user's load factor (%) | Current calls | Maximum calls | Call load rate (%) |
| ??192.168.0.10 | ??1 | ??10 | ??100 | ??10 | ??50 | ??200 | ??25 |
| ??192.168.0.20 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 |
| ??... | ??... | ??... | ??... | ??... | ??... | ??... | ??... |
The relevant information table of record server in table 1 database
The relevant information of table 1 comprises server ip address, state, current registered user's number, maximum registered user's number, registered user's load factor, current calls, maximum calls, call load rate.
When sip server adds this system for the first time, do not deposit the information of this server in the database, for this reason, need in this table, add its IP address of record, and its state is changed to service state can be provided, as: 1 is available, and 0 is unavailable; When server withdraws from, state is changed to unavailable; When server starts once more, as long as be changed to the state of the IP of correspondence record available.
The maximum registered user's number and the maximum calls of this sip server are set in the sip server application configuration file, and this parameter also can be added up the last dividing value that obtains concurrent processing by real-time test run according to the hardware configuration decision of this sip server.Like this can be according to the different performance of each server in the system, the reasonable distribution load.During startup of server, this parameter is written in the database corresponding record.
Current calls is the message count that sip server need be handled, and how to calculate for this value, needs to consider the particularity of sip message processing procedure.A complete SIP session (session) comprises two affairs (transaction) (respectively corresponding INVITE handles and BYE handles) and exchange of media process.Media Stream is generally finished forwarding by media gateway independently, does not need through sip server, and therefore, the exchange of media process does not need to consume the resource of sip server, only just needs the sip server processing in two transaction processes.For this reason, current calls should increase 1 with it when receiving INVITE or BYE request breath, and when this request has been handled it is subtracted 1.The busy condition that so just can accurately reflect sip server.
Registered user's load factor and call load rate come according to the variation of current registered user's number, current calls by database trigger and in real time compute upgrade, registered user's load factor=current registered user's number/maximum registered user's number, call load rate=current calls/maximum calls.This parameter can rationally reflect the load of server, is used for dns lookup registered user load factor minimum, searches the server of call load rate minimum when reaching server redirection.
Sip server has heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal, like this, when the sip server catastrophic failure, when the user that it is registered above re-registers because of connecting disconnection, can be registered on other available server, continue to enjoy service.In addition, need trigger to make regular check on the state of each available sip server in the database,,, its state is changed to unavailable, service no longer is provided then for server breaks down if the time that server surpass to be set is not mutual with database.
Fig. 2 is a sip server initialization flowchart of the present invention.May further comprise the steps:
Whether step 202, sip server have the server ip of record to conform to book server IP in database in the look-up table 1, nothing then is judged as this sip server and adds system for the first time, otherwise for adding system, are to start once more;
Fig. 3 is user side register flow path figure of the present invention, may further comprise the steps:
When step 401, user side registration, the register requirement address of sending out is the domain name at DNS and a plurality of sip servers place, for this reason, needs to initiate the DNS inquiry to DNS earlier;
When step 402, DNS received the DNS query messages, which sip server the table 1 of Query Database was found out and has been started and be upstate, and according to registered user's load factor of these sip servers, selected the sip server of a minimum, obtained its IP address;
After step 404, user side obtain the IP address at registered domain name place, registration message is sent to the sip server of this IP, and wait for the other side's response;
When step 405, sip server are received step 404 register requirement, detect user's herd number and password thereof, if validated user, then the current registered user's number of this sip server increases 1 in database table 1, simultaneously, find record, its state is changed to presence as the respective user number of following table 2 records, User IP and port are changed to IP and the port in the registration message, and registration sip server IP is changed to this sip server IP; If user profile is illegal, then above data-base recording registration need not carried out;
The information of registered users table, as shown in table 2 below,
| Subscriber Number | State | User IP and port | Registrar IP |
| ??1000 | ??1 | ??192.168.0.100:10000 | ??192.168.0.10 |
| Subscriber Number | State | User IP and port | Registrar IP |
| ??2000 | ??0 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
Table 2 information of registered users table
Table 2 comprises the server ip of Subscriber Number, state, User IP and port, registration.Number when Subscriber Number is registered for the user, when succeeding in registration state value is changed to online, as: 0 is off-line, and 1 is online, and 2 is call state; And the IP of recording user correspondence and port value, the server ip of registration.When registration failure and user withdraw from state is changed to off-line; When the user is in the session its state is changed to call state.The IP of user's correspondence and port value can allow server correctly handle the user message that is not registered on the book server.
When user side makes a call, can at first make a call to the server of being registered.Guarantee during registration that the number of users that distributes on each server is balanced as far as possible, so just can tentatively guarantee call treatment equalization of incidence potential on each server, even user's call request is more than other server on certain server, it is few as far as possible also can to guarantee to carry out the redirected request quantity of calling to call request, thereby improves the disposed of in its entirety ability of system to greatest extent.
Process chart when Fig. 4 directly handles request message for server call load rate is little, concrete steps are:
Step 5101, user side send the INVITE request to the server of registration;
Step 5102, because server receives that new request needs to handle, so the current calls of record that need database table 1 is corresponding with book server increases 1;
Step 5103, server be to the normal process of this INVITE request, be included in search in the database called, user both sides' state in the change database, and relevant signaling request and response between user both sides and server;
After step 5104, server disposed to this INVITE request, the current calls of record that need database table 1 is corresponding with book server subtracted 1;
Media Stream between step 5105, user is mutual, wherein needs the forwarding through the media transcoding gateway;
Step 5106, user one side want to finish conversation this time, send the BYE request;
Step 5107, BYE ask the same server resource that needs to consume with INVITE, and the current calls of record that need database table 1 is corresponding with book server increases 1 equally;
Step 5108, server comprise the state of user both sides in the change database to the normal process of this BYE message, and relevant signaling request and response between user both sides and server;
After step 5109, BYE request disposed, the current calls of the record that database table 1 is corresponding with book server subtracted 1;
Fig. 5 is that server call load rate is bigger, realizes the process chart of real-time load balancing in the time of this request need being redirected to other server process, and concrete steps are:
Step 5201, user side send the INVITE request to the server of registration;
Step 5202, busier owing to book server so book server is not handled this message, and is transferred to other notr busy server process.The current calls of at first that database table 1 is corresponding with book server record increases 1, searches the server of call load rate minimum then in this table, obtains its IP;
Step 5203, server are to user response 302 redirect request, and destination server is the server that previous step obtains;
Step 5204, this INVITE request dispose, and the current calls of the record that database table 1 is corresponding with book server subtracts 1;
Step 5205, the user server in redirect message is initiated the INVITE request;
Step 5206, when this call load rate servlets is received non-machine registered user's request, handle this message, the current calls of the record that database table 1 is corresponding with book server increases 1;
Step 5207,5208,5209 processing procedure and 5103～5109 processing procedure are similar, all are the corresponding message of normal process, and relevant parameter state in the change database.
Fig. 6 adds, leaves the process chart of dynamically adjusting for system of the present invention according to server.Concrete steps are:
Step 602, a server newly join in the system, prepare the acceptance service;
After step 603, this server join system, it is identical with book server at first to search the server ip whether record is arranged in database table 1, if there is not then newly-increased record, write book server IP, state is changed to available, according to the value in the configuration file, write down maximum registered user's number, maximum calls, current registered user's number, registered user's load factor, current calls, call load rate are changed to 0; Otherwise only need change each parameter value gets final product.If new user's registration is arranged, then DNS can find this server registration user load rate little, and new user is registered on this server.Simultaneously, the real-time call load rate of other server is bigger, when needing more redirected message to other server, also can find this server, thereby makes the overall operation burden of this server energy sharing system, reaches effect of load balance;
A certain server leaves or hinders cisco unity malfunction for some reason in step 604, the system;
From above step as can be seen, by the interaction mechanism between database and server, can correctly obtain the correlation behavior of server in real time, registration by DNS simultaneously distributes, can make system can be according to the adding of server, leave, the disposal ability of dynamic debugging system reaches the effect of dynamic load leveling.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method based on the dynamic load leveling of distributed SIP architecture is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, safeguard the real-time service state tabulation of a sip server in database, described service state tabulation comprises IP address, operating state, registered user's load factor, the call load rate of sip server;
When step 2, user side were initiated registration to territory, DNS place, DNS selected that sip server of registered user's load factor minimum according to registered user's load factor of each server of described real-time service state tabulation record, distributes to the user side registration;
When step 3, user side were initiated the SIP request to the registration sip server, this sip server upgraded its present load number, if this server call load rate is less, then handles this message; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the sip server of current call load rate minimum, and this message is redirected on that sip server.
2. the method for the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described step 3 is redirected to the sip server of call load rate minimum with this message, comprise when step 4:SIP server is received redirected SIP request, this sip server upgrades its present load number, if this server call load rate is less, then handle this message; Otherwise in the real-time service state tabulation of database, find the sip server of current call load rate minimum, and this message is redirected on that sip server.
3. the method for the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise when step 5:SIP server adds system, this initiate sip server is accepted new user's registration and is shared the redirect message processing of other servers, and sets up heartbeat signal with described database; When server left, the user side that is registered to above it connected disconnection, re-registers on other server and the acceptance service, and the heartbeat signal of disconnection and described database.
4. the system of the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, comprising:
Database is used for record and upgrades described real-time service state tabulation;
DNS is responsible for balanced distributing user end registration;
Sip server is accepted and process user end request message; Sip server and described database are set up heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal;
User side, promptly the system registry user initiates the SIP service request.
5. the system of the dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture according to claim 3 is characterized in that, comprising:
Database is used for record and upgrades described real-time service state tabulation;
DNS is responsible for balanced distributing user end registration;
Sip server is accepted and process user end request message; Sip server and described database are set up heartbeat mechanism, and regularly mutual with database, the affirmation server state is normal;
User side, promptly the system registry user initiates the SIP service request.
6. according to the system of the described dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture of claim 4, it is characterized in that described real-time service state tabulation also comprises current registered user's number, maximum registered user's number, current calls, maximum calls.
7. according to the system of the described dynamic load leveling based on distributed SIP architecture of claim 5, it is characterized in that described real-time service state tabulation also comprises current registered user's number, maximum registered user's number, current calls, maximum calls.
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