CN101770601B - Passive type active radio frequency identification and control method - Google Patents
Passive type active radio frequency identification and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101770601B CN101770601B CN201010109226A CN201010109226A CN101770601B CN 101770601 B CN101770601 B CN 101770601B CN 201010109226 A CN201010109226 A CN 201010109226A CN 201010109226 A CN201010109226 A CN 201010109226A CN 101770601 B CN101770601 B CN 101770601B
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Abstract
The invention discloses passive type active radio frequency identification and a control method. The passive type active radio frequency identification comprises a control unit, a 900M wake-up circuit and a 2.4G wireless transmission circuit. After the 900M wake-up circuit receives a signal transmitted by an external reader, the 900M wake-up circuit wakes up the control unit; and after the awakened control unit controls a 2.4G wireless transmission circuit to transmit and receive data, the 2.4G wireless transmission circuit is closed and enters a sleeping state. The passive type active radio frequency identification has small electricity consumption, long wake-up distance and low cost. The effective distance for waking up and transmission can reach 40 meters, a 220mAh battery can be used over 5 years, and the total cost for the radio frequency identification can be controlled in 15 RMB.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to radio RF recognition technology, relate in particular to a kind of passive type active radio frequency identification and control method.
[background technology]
In existing active REID; The transmission of active-mode active electronic label signal is initiatively; Be electronic tag with the periodic electromagnetic wave signal that outwards sends of the time interval of setting, no matter and whether the user is using it, perhaps whether have receiving equipment (reader).This mode can cause the problem of two aspects:
1. owing to be in emission state always, wasted the electric weight of battery.If send once calculating with the label per second, each time of accomplishing transmission is 1 millisecond, and the transmission electric current is 15mA.The quiescent current of computation tag not, then average working current is 15uA.If adopt the 220mAh button cell, the theoretical work time also has only 611 days.
2. because label is initiatively, the transmission behavior of the uncontrollable active electronic label of user comprises the time range and the spatial dimension of transmission.
The product that adopts the passive type active label is also arranged now, generally adopt the 125KHz low frequency wake-up, adopt the ultrahigh frequency transmission manner.The 125KHz low frequency wake-up generally adopts chip solution, and like the ATA8253 of ATMEL, the price of chip is at Renminbi more than 5 yuan.Except the cost height, the receiving antenna (generally being solenoid) that low frequency wake-up needs is bigger, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of label, and generally the antenna of three directions of needs guarantees the reception of three dimensions different directions.Waking up apart from 3 meters of low frequency wake-up is unfavorable for the remote application of electronic tag.
[summary of the invention]
It is few that the technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of consumed power, wakes distance up, passive type active radio frequency identification with low cost.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is that a kind of passive type active radio frequency identification comprises control module, 900M wake-up circuit and 2.4G wireless transmission circuit; Described 900M wake-up circuit wakes control module up after receiving the signal that external reader sends; Control module control 2.4G wireless transmission circuit after waking up is closed 2.4G wireless transmission circuit and self entering dormant state after sending, receive data.Described 900M wake-up circuit comprises 900M antenna, bandwidth-limited circuit, detecting circuit and base band amplifying circuit; The input end of 900M antenna tape splicing pass filter circuit; The input end of the output termination detecting circuit of bandwidth-limited circuit; The output termination base band input amplifier of detecting circuit, the base band amplification circuit output end connects the signal input part of control module.Described control module adopts low-power consumption RISC single chip computer AT MEGA48V, and described 2.4G wireless transmission circuit adopts Nrf24L01 chip and peripheral circuit thereof; The Nrf24L01 chip is connected with single chip computer AT MEGA48V through spi bus.
Above-described passive type active radio frequency identification, described bandwidth-limited circuit comprise first inductance, second inductance and the 3rd inductance, first electric capacity, second electric capacity and the 3rd electric capacity; First inductance, first electric capacity, the 3rd inductance and the 3rd electric capacity are concatenated into series circuit successively, and the first inductance end of said series circuit is as input termination antenna, and the 3rd capacitance terminal is as the input end of output termination detecting circuit; Second inductance and second electric capacity and connect after, the tie point between said series circuit first electric capacity of a termination and the 3rd inductance, other end ground connection.
Above-described passive type active radio frequency identification, described detecting circuit comprise first diode, second diode, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, first coupling capacitance and second coupling capacitance, first filter capacitor and second filter capacitor; The anode of the negative electrode of first diode and second diode connects an end of first coupling capacitance, the plus earth of first diode, and the negative electrode of second diode is through the first filter capacitor ground connection; The anode of the negative electrode of the 3rd diode and the 4th diode connects an end of second coupling capacitance, and the anode of the 3rd diode connects the negative electrode of second diode, and the negative electrode of the 4th diode is as the output terminal warp second filter capacitor ground connection of detecting circuit; The output terminal of the other end tape splicing pass filter circuit of the other end of first coupling capacitance and second coupling capacitance.
Above-described passive type active radio frequency identification; Described base band amplifying circuit comprises amplifying circuit, low-pass filter circuit and the comparator circuit of serial connection successively; The output terminal of the input termination detecting circuit of the amplifying circuit of said serial connection, the signal input part of the output termination control module of said comparator circuit.
Above-described passive type active radio frequency identification; The amplifying circuit of said serial connection comprises in-phase amplifier, first zero-regulator resistor and second zero-regulator resistor, the 3rd coupling capacitance, feedback capacity and feedback resistance, and the in-phase input end of said in-phase amplifier connects the output terminal of detecting circuit through the 3rd coupling capacitance; After first zero-regulator resistor and second zero-regulator resistor serial connection, an end ground connection, another termination power, the contact between first zero-regulator resistor and second zero-regulator resistor connects the inverting input of in-phase amplifier; Feedback capacity and feedback resistance also connect the inverting input of a termination in-phase amplifier afterwards, the output terminal of another termination in-phase amplifier, the i.e. output terminal of the amplifying circuit of serial connection.
Above-described passive type active radio frequency identification; Described comparator circuit comprises an operational amplifier as comparer, first divider resistance and second divider resistance, decoupling capacitor; The in-phase input end of operational amplifier connects the output terminal of low-pass filter circuit, after first divider resistance and second divider resistance serial connection, and an end ground connection; Another termination power, the contact between first divider resistance and second divider resistance connects the inverting input of operational amplifier; Described decoupling capacitor one end ground connection, the inverting input of another termination operational amplifier; The output terminal of operational amplifier is as the output terminal of comparator circuit.
The technical scheme of above-described passive type active radio frequency identification control method is may further comprise the steps:
701) after system powers on the 2.4G wireless transmission circuit is configured, it is set to dormant state then;
702) control module gets into dormant state, waits for that the 900M wake-up circuit wakes up;
When 703) control module receives the wake-up signal that the 900M wake-up circuit sends, waken up the entering duty, control 2.4G wireless transmission circuit sends, receives data;
704) behind 2.4G wireless transmission circuit transmission, the reception ED, get into dormant state;
705) return step 702.
The control method of above-described passive type active radio frequency identification may further comprise the steps after step 704:
801) control module suspends the wake-up signal that reception 900M wake-up circuit sends;
802) control module gets into dormant state behind the unlatching WatchDog Timer;
803) WatchDog Timer is waited for the wake-up signal that reception 900M wake-up circuit sends again after the time;
804) return step 703.
Passive type active radio frequency identification of the present invention adopts the 900M wake-up circuit, wakes up and transmit coverage to reach 40 meters, far above the distance of waking up of 3 meters in low frequency wake-up circuit; The 900M wake-up circuit is only after receiving the signal that external reader sends; Wake control module control 2.4G wireless transmission circuit up and send, receive data; All the other time control units and 2.4G wireless transmission circuit are in dormant state; Can save a large amount of electric energy, the long service life of battery, the battery of 220mAh can use more than 5 years; Passive type active radio frequency identification of the present invention is cheap, and the total cost of electronic tag can be controlled in 15 yuan.
[description of drawings]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of passive type active radio frequency identification embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of passive type active radio frequency identification embodiment control module of the present invention and 2.4G wireless transmission circuit.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of passive type active radio frequency identification embodiment 900M wake-up circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of passive type active radio frequency identification of the present invention.
[embodiment]
To shown in Figure 3, passive type active radio frequency identification embodiment of the present invention comprises control module, 900M wake-up circuit and 2.4G wireless transmission circuit like Fig. 1.Passive type active radio frequency identification is in dormant state at ordinary times, to save electric weight.When it is in the electromagnetic field scope of trigger, the energy that receives is activated when reaching certain thresholding, sends label data then to reader.Its main performance index is following:
Wakeup frequency: 920MHz～925MHz
Transmission frequency: 2.40GHz～2.45GHz
Wake up and transmit coverage: 40 meters of sighting distances
WV: 3V button cell power supply
Working current: quiescent current 4uA, working current 15mA
Working temperature :-20 ℃～80 ℃.
As shown in Figure 2; Control module adopts low-power consumption RISC single chip computer AT MEGA48V (U1), in the design, uses the power down operations pattern of this single-chip microcomputer; (under power-down mode; Oscillator quits work, and the instruction that gets into power-down mode is the instruction that the last item is performed, and the content of ram in slice and special function register is freezed before stopping power-down mode.The unique method that withdraws from power-down mode is a hardware reset; To define whole special function registers again after resetting, but not change the content among the RAM, before Vcc returns to the operate as normal level; It is invalid to reset, and must keep certain hour so that oscillator restarts and steady operation.) its current sinking is merely 1uA.The P mouth of single-chip microcomputer connects the trigger pip of amplifying circuit output, when trigger pip becomes high level by low level, can single-chip microcomputer be waken up.After waking up, single-chip microcomputer is in normal mode of operation; (SPI is the abbreviation of English Serial Peripheral Interface through spi bus for it; The Chinese meaning is a Serial Peripheral Interface, and SPI is a kind of synchronous serial communication mode that motorola inc releases, and is a kind of three-way synchronous bus; Because of its hardware capability very strong; The software relevant with SPI is just quite simple, makes CPU have more time to handle other affairs) the 2.4G wireless transmission circuit is sent order, control the wireless signal of its transmission or reception 2.4G.After sending or finishing receiving, single-chip microcomputer initiatively enters into power-down mode.
As shown in Figure 3, the 900M detecting circuit comprises bandwidth-limited circuit and diode detection circuit, and the signal that the 900M antenna receives at first is input to BPF..Bandwidth-limited circuit adopts the Butterworth BPF., is made up of inductance L 1, L2, L3 and capacitor C 1, C2, C3, and this filter center frequency is 922MHz, and three dB bandwidth is 50MHz, effectively other noise jamming of filtering space.
Filtered signal gets into the diode detection circuit.Detecting circuit is made up of two diode pairs.Each diode pair has encapsulated two schottky diodes.The 2nd pin of two diode pairs is connected to the output of wave filter respectively by coupling capacitance C4 and C5; 1 pin ground connection of first diode pair; 1 pin of second diode pair connects 3 pin of first diode pair, and meets filter capacitor C6 to ground; 3 pin of second diode pair are the output of detecting circuit, meet filter capacitor C7 to ground filtering high frequency clutter.Using two diode pairs to carry out detection is one of key point of present embodiment, and this method that connects can make the detection output signal voltage double, and can effectively reduce the thresholding that wakes up of electronic tag, thereby improves service range.
Base band amplify to adopt the operational amplifier A D8502 of low-power consumption, this Chip Packaging the operational amplifier of two unit (U3 and U4), low-power consumption, characteristics are cheaply arranged, working current is less than 1uA.Wherein U3 is as in-phase amplifier, and U4 is as comparer.The in-phase input end of U3 is received the 3 pin output of detecting circuit D2 through coupling capacitance C8.The inverting input of U3 connects the zero-regulator resistor of R1 and R2 composition, and wherein R1 is just connecing power supply, R2 ground connection.Inverting input connects the circuit of the feedback of R3 and C9 parallel connection, another termination of feedback circuit U3 output terminal.Shunt capacitance C9 on feedback resistance R3, effectively filter away high frequency noise.
The low-pass filter that the output terminal connecting resistance R4 of U3 and capacitor C 10 are formed, signal conveys is to the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U4.The end of oppisite phase connecting resistance R5 of U4 and R6 bleeder circuit are used for setting comparison threshold voltage; And connect capacitor C 11 and decouple.The output of U4 is and can directly be linked into the external interrupt pin of single-chip microcomputer by the digital signal of single-chip microcomputer identification.
2.4G wireless transmission circuit adopts the Nrf24L01 chip (U2) and the peripheral circuit thereof of comparative maturity.U2 is connected with single-chip microcomputer U1 through spi bus, and peripheral circuit is as shown in Figure 2.Because present embodiment adopts the button cell power supply, the transmitter current of considering nRF24L01 is big (12mA), and the maximum current of common button cell can only be several milliamperes, carries out current buffering so on the power supply pin of Nrf24L01, add the big electric capacity of 100uF.
As shown in Figure 4, the control flow of passive type active radio frequency identification of the present invention is following:
1. at first Nrf24101 is configured after single-chip microcomputer powers on, mainly contents such as its transmitting-receiving address, frequency, speed is configured, it is set to dormant state then, and single-chip microcomputer also enters into dormant state after opening external interrupt.
2. after the antenna of 900M receives enough big electromagnetic wave signal, through detection, amplification and relatively judgement, on the external interrupt pin of single-chip microcomputer, produced a high level, triggered the external interrupt of single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is waken up.
3. after single-chip microcomputer is waken up, nRf24L01 is configured to transmit status, and sends data, it was set to dormant state again after transmission finished.Be in for a long time in the electromagnetic wave scope and by excessively frequent waking up, this moment, single-chip microcomputer cut out external interrupt for fear of label, and house dog is set regularly interrupts, set certain timing, more during this period of time in, the 900M electromagnetic wave can not make label wake work up.Single-chip microcomputer enters into dormant state after configuring house dog, waits for by house dog interrupting waking up.
4. after single-chip microcomputer is interrupted waking up by house dog, close house dog, open external interrupt, and then enter into dormant state.At this moment, the 900M circuit can the time label waken up, if enough strong signal is arranged, then enter into step 2; Otherwise keep dormant state always.
Through detecting, the quiescent current of present embodiment passive type active radio frequency identification is less than 3uA, read every day under 1000 times the situation again, uses the 220mAh battery can use more than 5 years; Decipherment distance can reach 40 meters, and can regulate according to application demand; The zone that is identified can be regulated through the antenna range of 900M; The total cost of electronic tag is controlled in 15 yuan.
The advantage of present embodiment is:
Use the 900M electromagnetic wave to wake active electronic label up, promptly satisfied the decipherment distance demand, can improve the serviceable life of label again.
In the mode of 900M receiving end employing diode multiplication of voltage detection, can effectively improve the sensitivity of reception, improve the recognition distance.
Use the low consumed power operational amplifier of one two unit to carry out the amplification of base band small-signal, one of them unit is done homophase and is amplified, and another makees comparer, has satisfied electronic tag in many-sided requirements such as power consumption, cost, volumes.
Control through the single-chip microcomputer firmware, avoided being in for a long time the interior label of electromagenetic wave radiation scope, effectively improved the environmental suitability of label by the situation of waking up repeatedly and wasting electric energy.
Claims (8)
1. a passive type active radio frequency identification is characterized in that, comprises control module, 900M wake-up circuit and 2.4G wireless transmission circuit, and described 900M wake-up circuit wakes control module up after receiving the signal that external reader sends; Control module control 2.4G wireless transmission circuit after waking up is closed 2.4G wireless transmission circuit and self entering dormant state after sending, receive data; Described 900M wake-up circuit comprises 900M antenna, bandwidth-limited circuit, detecting circuit and base band amplifying circuit; The input end of 900M antenna tape splicing pass filter circuit; The input end of the output termination detecting circuit of bandwidth-limited circuit; The output termination base band input amplifier of detecting circuit, the base band amplification circuit output end connects the signal input part of control module; Described control module adopts low-power consumption RISC single chip computer AT MEGA48V, and described 2.4G wireless transmission circuit adopts Nrf24L01 chip and peripheral circuit thereof; The Nrf24L01 chip is connected with single chip computer AT MEGA48V through spi bus.
2. passive type active radio frequency identification according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described bandwidth-limited circuit comprises first inductance, second inductance and the 3rd inductance, first electric capacity, second electric capacity and the 3rd electric capacity; First inductance, first electric capacity, the 3rd inductance and the 3rd electric capacity are concatenated into series circuit successively, and the first inductance end of said series circuit is as input termination antenna, and the 3rd capacitance terminal is as the input end of output termination detecting circuit; Second inductance and second electric capacity and connect after, the tie point between said series circuit first electric capacity of a termination and the 3rd inductance, other end ground connection.
3. passive type active radio frequency identification according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Described detecting circuit comprises first diode, second diode, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, first coupling capacitance and second coupling capacitance, first filter capacitor and second filter capacitor; The anode of the negative electrode of first diode and second diode connects an end of first coupling capacitance, the plus earth of first diode, and the negative electrode of second diode is through the first filter capacitor ground connection; The anode of the negative electrode of the 3rd diode and the 4th diode connects an end of second coupling capacitance, and the anode of the 3rd diode connects the negative electrode of second diode, and the negative electrode of the 4th diode is as the output terminal warp second filter capacitor ground connection of detecting circuit; The output terminal of the other end tape splicing pass filter circuit of the other end of first coupling capacitance and second coupling capacitance.
4. passive type active radio frequency identification according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Described base band amplifying circuit comprises amplifying circuit, low-pass filter circuit and the comparator circuit of serial connection successively; The output terminal of the input termination detecting circuit of the amplifying circuit of said serial connection, the signal input part of the output termination control module of said comparator circuit.
5. passive type active radio frequency identification according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; The amplifying circuit of said serial connection comprises in-phase amplifier, first zero-regulator resistor and second zero-regulator resistor, the 3rd coupling capacitance, feedback capacity and feedback resistance, and the in-phase input end of said in-phase amplifier connects the output terminal of detecting circuit through the 3rd coupling capacitance; After first zero-regulator resistor and second zero-regulator resistor serial connection, an end ground connection, another termination power, the contact between first zero-regulator resistor and second zero-regulator resistor connects the inverting input of in-phase amplifier; Feedback capacity and feedback resistance also connect the inverting input of a termination in-phase amplifier afterwards, the output terminal of another termination in-phase amplifier, the i.e. output terminal of the amplifying circuit of serial connection.
6. passive type active radio frequency identification according to claim 4; It is characterized in that described comparator circuit comprises an operational amplifier as comparer, first divider resistance and second divider resistance, decoupling capacitor, the in-phase input end of operational amplifier connects the output terminal of low-pass filter circuit; After first divider resistance and second divider resistance serial connection; One end ground connection, another termination power, the contact between first divider resistance and second divider resistance connects the inverting input of operational amplifier; Described decoupling capacitor one end ground connection, the inverting input of another termination operational amplifier; The output terminal of operational amplifier is as the output terminal of comparator circuit.
7. the control method of the described passive type active radio frequency identification of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
701) after system powers on the 2.4G wireless transmission circuit is configured, it is set to dormant state then;
702) control module gets into dormant state, waits for that the 900M wake-up circuit wakes up;
When 703) control module receives the wake-up signal that the 900M wake-up circuit sends, waken up the entering duty, control 2.4G wireless transmission circuit sends, receives data;
704) behind 2.4G wireless transmission circuit transmission, the reception ED, get into dormant state;
705) return step 702.
8. the control method of passive type active radio frequency identification according to claim 7 is characterized in that, after step 704, may further comprise the steps:
801) control module suspends the wake-up signal that reception 900M wake-up circuit sends;
802) control module gets into dormant state behind the unlatching WatchDog Timer;
803) WatchDog Timer is waited for the wake-up signal that reception 900M wake-up circuit sends again after the time;
804) return step 703.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108805248A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江朗因智能科技有限公司 | A kind of electronic tag and design method in logistics transportation |
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| CN101980472B (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-12-26 | 南京大学 | Remote constant-voltage feeding method and system with awakening function |
| CN103488961A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2014-01-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Error wake-up signal shielding method and active electronic tag |
| CN103530271B (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州汉朗光电有限公司 | A kind of electronic labelling system double-core work system and method |
| CN103034886B (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2016-08-31 | 中国人民解放军济南军区72465部队 | A kind of active remote radio frequency label positioning identifying method |
| CN104217229B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2017-06-16 | 深圳市金溢科技股份有限公司 | Height wakes up sensitivity card, OBU, OBU component and communication means |
| CN103761869A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Wireless bus integrated information system |
| KR102307196B1 (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2021-09-30 | (주)에이텍아이오티 | Electric Shelf Label |
| CN108495361B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2021-08-13 | 黑龙江五世昌科技有限公司 | Electronic tag, data exchange host and electronic tag system |
| CN108710933A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江朗因智能科技有限公司 | A kind of design method for electronic tag in logistics transportation |
| CN111950307B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2024-01-19 | 深圳创烽物联网技术有限公司 | Electronic price tag awakening system and method based on electromagnetic signals |
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