CN101729375B - Play delay time regulating method for network point-to-point streaming system and device thereof - Google Patents
Play delay time regulating method for network point-to-point streaming system and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101729375B CN101729375B CN2008101749411A CN200810174941A CN101729375B CN 101729375 B CN101729375 B CN 101729375B CN 2008101749411 A CN2008101749411 A CN 2008101749411A CN 200810174941 A CN200810174941 A CN 200810174941A CN 101729375 B CN101729375 B CN 101729375B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a play delay time regulating method for a network point-to-point streaming system and a device thereof; the regulating method comprises the following steps: the integrity of a packet saved in a data exchange buffer area is dynamically determined and updated according to the packet saved in the data exchange buffer area of a network node; if the integrity of the packet is higher than the integrity of the packet before updating, the play delay time of the network node is reduced; if the integrity of the packet is lower than the integrity of the packet before updating, the play delay time is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of method of adjustment and device that is applied to the playout-delay time of netted point-to-point series flow system (mesh-based P2P streamingsystem).
Background technology
During video content that the past user desires to watch on the network and provided, need to store said video content earlier on computer, thereby need expend several hours download time easily.Yet along with the continuous increase of the flourish and network bandwidth of world-wide web, a kind of new stream services is just arisen at the historic moment.The video streaming service can let the user watch simultaneously and the foradownloaded video content, wherein from being downloaded to the viewing time gap only tens of seconds to several minutes, really reaches in real time the purpose of watching (real time).In addition, because stream services do not need to download fully just and can not watch content, so its required storage area significantly reduces, and the characteristic of watching in fact the time can let the user as the channel that can select voluntarily as the TV to desire to watch.
Initial network series flow system adopts the framework of client/server (client/server) more.As shown in Figure 1, under said framework, network package is to be one-way transmitted to a plurality of client node 12-15 by a stream server 11.It all is to download from single or single crowd's stream server 11 that yet the shortcoming of said framework is the packet data of all client nodes, so said stream server 11 to the load capacity and the network bandwidth will influence the quality of said network stream services.In other words, under master-slave architecture, the service ability that said series flow system can provide is fixed.In case the user outnumber the service ability that said series flow system can provide the time, gently then some user can't obtain service, heavy then said stream server 11 can cause the paralysis of whole stream services when machine.
For overcoming the problem of master-slave architecture, a kind of Peer to Peer Architecture (pear-to-pear, or abbreviation P2P) just arises at the historic moment.As shown in Figure 2, under said framework, each network node can be served as the role of server 21 and client 22-25 simultaneously, that is each network node not only obtains required service from other network nodes, and it also provides service to other network nodes.Therefore, under Peer to Peer Architecture, the service ability that said series flow system can provide will no longer be confined to the load capacity or the network bandwidth of particular network node.So this characteristic quite is fit in order to stream services to be provided Peer to Peer Architecture.
General point-to-point series flow system can be divided into three kinds of frameworks: tree type (tree), forest type (forest) and reticular pattern (mesh).Yet all both have advantage than other because the point-to-point series flow system of reticular pattern framework is on fault tolerant rate and real the work, so common point-to-point series flow system all adopts the reticular pattern framework at present.Under the reticular pattern framework, each network node all can distribute a buffering area, is referred to as exchanges data buffering area (exchanging buffer) 32, with store from the package of other network nodes with provide other network nodes required package.In addition, each network node comprises a bitmap (bitmap) 31 and a play-out buffer (playout buffer) 41 in addition.Said bitmap 31 is in order to represent whether corresponding exchanges data buffering area 32 has the storage package.Like Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, said bitmap 31 wherein one be 1 o'clock, represent that its corresponding exchanges data buffering area 32 has the storage package on the position of correspondence, vice versa.In addition, each network node can regularly intercourse the information of bitmap 31 each other should be to learn from the required package of what network node acquisition.Said play-out buffer 41 is in order to store the package that desire is play.When a package is stored to a play-out buffer 41, need delay a period of time just can broadcast, be the playout-delay time (playout delay) this time of delay.The display the play relation of buffer 41 and exchanges data buffering area 32 of Fig. 4.As shown in Figure 4, package is not to play order according to it to arrive exchanges data buffering area 32 usually, so the package that exchanges data buffering area 32 is deposited has discontinuous phenomenon.Pending data exchange buffering 32 is about to it and deposits said play-out buffer 41 in after collecting some and meeting the package of playing order.Therefore, the package of play-out buffer 41 is all play the order storage according to it.In design at present, the capacity of exchanges data buffering area 32 is usually much larger than the capacity of play-out buffer 41.
Yet point-to-point series flow system has long problem of channel switching time long (being about 40 seconds) and real-time play time of delay (be about 60-120 second).These both main causes of generation are all the playout-delay overlong time.Generally speaking, playout-delay time representative is when play-out buffer 41 is full up, and play-out buffer 41 is play all storage required times of package.Therefore, the capacity of play-out buffer 41 can be proportional to the length of playout-delay time.Because the point to point network framework is compared to the more difficult prediction network condition of master-slave network framework, and netted point to point network framework is the framework of the most difficult its network condition of prediction in the point to point network framework.In other words, under netted point to point network framework, the adding of a network node and leave quite frequent and can not expect is so be difficult to also when the package of forecasting institute need arrives and from where.Therefore, a much bigger play-out buffer 41 or long playout-delay times of can arranging of general netted point to point network framework are caused the audio-visual interruption of video to avoid packet loss.Yet, but bigger play-out buffer 41 produces above-mentioned two kinds of problems.
In view of the above, be necessary in fact to design one be applied to the playout-delay time of netted point-to-point series flow system method of adjustment, it can be according to dynamic required playout-delay time of adjustment of network condition, and then reach the purpose that shortens channel switching time and real-time play.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes the playout-delay time of dynamic adjustment one netted point-to-point series flow system to reach to shorten the purpose of channel switching time and real-time play time of delay.
The method of adjustment that is applied to the playout-delay time of netted point-to-point series flow system of the present invention comprises the following steps: the exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited according to a network node, dynamically determines and upgrade an integrity degree of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited; If the integrity degree before said integrity degree upgrades is high, then reduce the playout-delay time of said network node; And, then increase the said playout-delay time if the integrity degree before said integrity degree upgrades is low.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: method of adjustment and the device that is applied to the playout-delay time of netted point-to-point series flow system provided by the invention; Can dynamically adjust the required playout-delay time according to network condition, and then reach shortening channel switching time and real-time play.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the network system of a known master-slave architecture;
Fig. 2 shows the network system of a known Peer to Peer Architecture;
Fig. 3 shows the bitmap of known next network node of point to point network system architecture;
Fig. 4 shows the play-out buffer of known next network node of point to point network system architecture and the relation of exchanges data buffering area;
Fig. 5 shows the method for adjustment of the playout-delay time that is applied to netted point-to-point series flow system of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the relation of corresponding its weighted value of package of one embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 7 shows some bitmap to next network node of spot net system architecture of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 shows the relation of corresponding its playout-delay time adjusted value of integrity degree of one embodiment of the invention.
Drawing reference numeral
11 stream server 12-15 client nodes
21 server 22-25 clients
31 bitmaps, 32 exchanges data buffering areas
41 play-out buffer
71 bitmaps, 72 exchanges data buffering areas
The 501-506 step
Embodiment
Fig. 5 shows the method for adjustment of the playout-delay time that is applied to netted point-to-point series flow system of one embodiment of the invention.When step 501, the initial network state of other network nodes that connected according to a network node determines the initial value of a playout-delay time, and gets into step 502.When step 502, dynamically determine and upgrade the integrity degree of an exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited of said network node, and get into step 503.When step 503, judge whether that the integrity degree of said renewal and the difference of upgrading preceding integrity degree surpass a critical value.If the result of step 503 then gets into step 504, otherwise gets back to step 502 for being.When step 504, judge whether that the integrity degree after the said renewal is higher than the integrity degree before upgrading.If the result of step 504 then gets into step 505 for being, otherwise get into step 506.When step 505, reduce the playout-delay time of said network node, and get back to step 502.When step 506, increase the playout-delay time of said network node, and get back to step 502.
In step 501, the difference of the maximum delivered time of delay that is set at said these other network nodes of said initial value and minimum delivered time of delay is multiplied by a constant, and can be represented by following formula:
Initial play time of delay=α * (max{PD_V_S}-min{PD_V_S})
Wherein PD_V_S is the set of the transmission delay time of said these other network nodes.Preferable, said constant alpha is 1.
In step 502, present embodiment provides the method for the integrity degree of three kinds of calculated data packages that exchange buffering is deposited.The method of first kind of decision integrity degree is the number according to said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited.Easy speech, the package of each storage all has a weighted value, and it is high more to play preferential more its weighted value of package of order.Said integrity degree just stores the weighted value summation of package for all, and can be represented by following formula:
Integrity degree
1=∑ exchanges data buffering area stores the weighted value of package
Wherein ∑ is represented adding up of contained element, and the weighted value of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited is play the relation that order is linearity, ladder property or index with it, and is as shown in Figure 6.
The method of second kind of decision integrity degree is the data volume according to said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited.Be prone to speech, the package of each storage all has a weighted value, and big more its weighted value of package of data volume is high more.Present audio-visual frame (frame) can be divided three classes, and is respectively I frame, P frame and B frame, and wherein the data volume of I frame is greater than the P frame, and the data volume of P frame is greater than the B frame.These three kinds of frames are a corresponding weighted value respectively, and said integrity degree just stores the weighted value summation of package for all, and can be represented by following formula:
Integrity degree
2The number of the weighted value of the number of the weighted value of the number of the weighted value of=I frame * I frame+P frame * P frame+B frame * B frame
The weighted value of wherein said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited and its data volume are the relation of linearity, ladder property or index, and be as shown in Figure 6.
Be the frame kind of record data package that exchange buffering is deposited, can revise the storing mode of bitmap, as shown in Figure 7.Each field of said bitmap 71 increases to 3 by 1; Wherein whether the corresponding exchanges data buffering area 72 of highest significant position record has the storage package, and back two data class that then write down said storage package: 01 represents the I frame, and 10 represent the P frame; 11 represent the B frame, and 00 represent unknown.
The method of the third decision integrity degree is the continuity according to said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited.When playing audio-visual video, a succession of packet loss is far beyond losing respectively seriously in a plurality of single packages.Therefore, when calculating integrity degree, except that its weighted value of order of priority decision, according to discontinuous its weighted value of package number decision of said these discontinuous package positions in addition, and can represent by following formula according to discontinuous package position:
Integrity degree
3=(∏ exchanges data buffering area stores the weighted value of package)/(said these discontinuous package positions of ∑ (weighted value of the said discontinuous package of ∏ position))
Wherein ∏ represents the product of contained element, and the weighted value of said exchanges data buffering area package is play the relation that order is linearity, ladder property or index with it, and is as shown in Figure 6.
In step 502, present embodiment is not limited thereto three kinds of integrity degree computational methods, and can be according to the totalling of any weight of these three kinds of integrity degrees, and can be represented by following formula:
Integrity degree=r
1* integrity degree 1+r
2* integrity degree 2+r
3* integrity degree
3
R wherein
1, r
2And r
3The weighted value of three kinds of integrity degrees for this reason.
In step 504, the mode of the more said integrity degree of present embodiment be the integrity degree after relatively upgrading and upgrade before the mean value of all integrity degrees.In step 505 and 506, present embodiment is the difference before and after upgrading according to said integrity degree, and the adjustment of linear, ladder property of intercropping or index is as shown in Figure 8 during with said these playout- delays.Step 505 and 506 adjustment playout-delay time method can be through adjusting the package broadcasting speed in the said play-out buffer or adjusting the capacity of said play-out buffer.When the package broadcasting speed of adjustment in the said play-out buffer, can be according to motion vector (motionvector) that stores package and volume classification, and preferentially adjust for the more insensitive package of broadcasting speed, with the influence of minimizing for playback quality.
In sum, present embodiment is initial when adding a group of netted point to point network system, is to set short initial play time of delay to solve the long problem of channel switch speed.Afterwards, present embodiment is again through the real network state of observation, that is the integrity degree of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited is dynamic, and the adjustment playout-delay time is to solve real-time play long problem time of delay.The method of present embodiment can be designed to a computer program, carries out when being written into for computer.
Technology contents of the present invention and technical characterstic disclose as above, yet those skilled in the art still maybe be based on teaching of the present invention and announcements and done all replacement and modifications that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be not limited to embodiment announcement person, and should comprise various do not deviate from replacement of the present invention and modifications, and by being contained with claim.
Claims (16)
1. a method of adjustment that is applied to the playout-delay time of netted point-to-point series flow system is characterized in that said method of adjustment comprises the following steps:
According in the exchanges data buffering area of a network node deposit package and dynamically determine and upgrade an integrity degree of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited;
If the integrity degree before the integrity degree after upgrading upgrades is high, then reduce the playout-delay time of said network node; And
If the integrity degree before the integrity degree after upgrading upgrades is low, then increase the said playout-delay time;
Wherein: said integrity degree is the continuity decision by the data volume of the number of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited, said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited and/or said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited.
2. according to the method for adjustment of claim 1, it is characterized in that said integrity degree is that the summation by the weighted value of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited determines, and it is high more to play preferential more its weighted value of package of order.
3. according to the method for adjustment of claim 2, it is characterized in that the weighted value of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited is play the relation that order is linearity, ladder property or index with it.
4. according to the method for adjustment of claim 1, it is characterized in that said integrity degree is that the summation by the weighted value of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited determines, and big more its weighted value of package of data volume is high more.
5. according to the method for adjustment of claim 4, it is characterized in that said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited is divided into I frame, P frame and B frame according to data volume, the weighted value that they are corresponding different respectively.
6. according to the method for adjustment of claim 1, it is characterized in that said integrity degree is the package number decision by the discontinuous number of times of package and said these discontinuity zones in the said exchanges data buffering area.
7. according to the method for adjustment of claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said integrity degree be by the product of the weighted value of the package of depositing in the said exchanges data buffering area again divided by the summation decision of the product of the weighted value of the package of each discontinuity zone, and the weighted value of the package of said exchanges data buffering area is play the relation that order is linear, ladder property or index with it.
8. according to the method for adjustment of claim 1, it is characterized in that the mean value of fixed number of times integrity degree before the mean value of all integrity degrees or the renewal before integrity degree is meant and upgrades before the said renewal.
9. according to the method for adjustment of claim 1, it is characterized in that the step of said these adjustment is that the difference before and after said integrity degree upgrades is carried out when surpassing a critical value playout-delay times.
10. according to the method for adjustment of claim 1, it is characterized in that the step of said these adjustment is the difference before and after upgrading according to said integrity degree playout-delay times, the adjustment of linear, ladder property of intercropping or index during with said these playout-delays.
11. the method for adjustment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of said these adjustment playout-delay times is the interior package broadcasting speed of a play-out buffer of the said network node of adjustment.
12. the method for adjustment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of said these adjustment playout-delay times is the capacity of a play-out buffer of the said network node of adjustment.
13. the method for adjustment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said method of adjustment further comprises the following steps:
Determine the initial value of said playout-delay time according to the initial network state of other network nodes that said network node connected.
14. the method for adjustment according to claim 13 is characterized in that, said initial value is that the maximum delivered time of delay of said these other network nodes and the difference of minimum delivered time of delay are multiplied by a constant.
15. an adjusting device that is applied to the playout-delay time of netted point-to-point series flow system comprises:
Be used for according in the exchanges data buffering area of a network node deposit package and dynamically determine and upgrade the device of an integrity degree of said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited;
Be used for then reducing the device of the playout-delay time of said network node if the integrity degree before the integrity degree after upgrading upgrades is high; And
Be used for then increasing the device of said playout-delay time if the integrity degree before the integrity degree after upgrading upgrades is low;
Wherein: said integrity degree is the number decision by said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited, and perhaps said integrity degree is the data volume decision by said exchanges data package that buffering area is deposited.
16. the adjusting device according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the step of said these adjustment is the difference before and after upgrading according to said integrity degree playout-delay times, the adjustment of linear, ladder property of intercropping or index during with said these playout-delays.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1336064A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2002-02-13 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Partitioning of file for emulating streaming |
| EP1453269A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | A method of reporting quality metrics for packet switched streaming |
| CN1756230A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for reducing real-time service time delay and time delay variation |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1336064A (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2002-02-13 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Partitioning of file for emulating streaming |
| EP1453269A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | A method of reporting quality metrics for packet switched streaming |
| CN1756230A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for reducing real-time service time delay and time delay variation |
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