CN101702669B - Bandwidth allocation method and system - Google Patents

Bandwidth allocation method and system Download PDF

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CN101702669B
CN101702669B CN2009101989528A CN200910198952A CN101702669B CN 101702669 B CN101702669 B CN 101702669B CN 2009101989528 A CN2009101989528 A CN 2009101989528A CN 200910198952 A CN200910198952 A CN 200910198952A CN 101702669 B CN101702669 B CN 101702669B
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decision
machine
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CN101702669A (en
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刘泓昊
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Wangsu Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Wangsu Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses bandwidth allocation method and system for achieving higher bandwidth utilization rate of CDN nodes on one hand, avoiding node congestion, more reasonably allocating bandwidth for connections and improving the user service quality on the other hand. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) every two periods, production machines report the connection number of various self flows and the use bandwidth of each connection corresponding to each flow to a decision-making machine; (2) the decision-making machine collects the information reported by various production machines, allocates bandwidth for each connection corresponding to each flow of each production machine and feeds back decision information relating to bandwidth allocation to the production machines; and (3) the production machines control the sending velocities of various self connections according to the received decision information from the decision-making machine.

Description

Bandwidth allocation methods and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to bandwidth management method and system on the Internet, relate in particular to method and system based on the CDN Bandwidth Management that connects.
Background technology
CDN (Content Delivery Network; Content distributing network) technology has solved the situation of Internet network congestion through content release is arrived network edge, improves the response speed of user capture website; More and more receive the extensive concern of industry, and at home and abroad obtained using widely.Along with the fast development of CDN, node flow is increasing, and how effectively the management node bandwidth just becomes a major issue for high-end user provides bandwidth guarantee and more efficient use node bandwidth.
Traditional bandwidth management techniques realizes Bandwidth Management through the queue management technology mostly; Through throughput at certain stream of node control of export, perhaps each stream of the control of the method through Differentiated Services pass through priority and loss priority is realized Bandwidth Management.
But for the Bandwidth Management of CDN node, based on the bandwidth management method of formation can't be when the network congestion control queue size, can't avoid bigger round-trip delay (RTT) and packet loss.Because RTT unjustness and many bottlenecks unjustness of Transmission Control Protocol cause the less connection of a large amount of occupied bandwidths " to be died of hunger ", and the more connection of those occupied bandwidths still occupy massive band width, thereby cause the user capture success rate to reduce greatly.Adopt bandwidth management techniques to increase additional apparatus on the other hand, can increase cost greatly in the node outlet based on queue management mechanism.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to address the above problem; A kind of bandwidth allocation methods is provided; Can obtain the higher bandwidth availability ratio of CDN node on the one hand; On the one hand, can more reasonably distribute bandwidth on the one hand, improve QoS of customer for connecting guaranteeing high efficiencyly to avoid node congested when utilizing node bandwidth.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the present invention has disclosed a kind of bandwidth allocation methods, and through the allocated bandwidth of carrying out the CDN node alternately between production machine and the decision machine, this bandwidth allocation methods comprises:
(1) production machine phase week about is to the linking number of each stream of decision machine report self and each utilized bandwidth that is connected of each stream correspondence;
(2) decision machine gathers the information of each production machine report, for each pairing each connection of each stream of producing machine distributes bandwidth, and the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth is fed back to the production machine;
(3) the production machine is according to the transmission rate from each connection of the decision information of decision machine control self that receives.
According to an embodiment of bandwidth allocation methods of the present invention, in the step (2), when the utilized bandwidth of stream less than threshold value 75% the time, do not limit the transmission rate of each connection of this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream more than or equal to this threshold value 75% and during less than this threshold value, with each connection of remaining bandwidth mean allocation to this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream during, according to each utilized bandwidth that is connected of this stream of ratio minimizing of the utilized bandwidth of this stream and this threshold value greater than this threshold value.
According to an embodiment of bandwidth allocation methods of the present invention, the decision information in the step (2) comprises the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection in the next cycle.
According to an embodiment of bandwidth allocation methods of the present invention, in the step (3), the mode that the transmission rate that the production machine connects through restriction perhaps stops packet to send guarantees that the utilized bandwidth that connects is not more than the corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit.
The present invention has also disclosed a kind of allocated bandwidth system; The allocated bandwidth that is used for the CDN node; This system comprises production machine and the decision machine that bandwidth allocation module is installed; Wherein the phase and is controlled the transmission rate of each connection of self according to what receive from the decision information of decision machine to the linking number of each stream of decision machine report self each utilized bandwidth that is connected corresponding with each stream to this bandwidth allocation module week about; This decision machine gathers the information of each production machine report, for each pairing each connection of each stream of producing machine distributes bandwidth, and the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth is fed back to the production machine.
According to an embodiment of allocated bandwidth of the present invention system, this bandwidth allocation module further comprises:
Application recognition module is confirmed affiliated stream according to user's request for connecting;
Link control module connects this application recognition module, receives the information from this application recognition module, controls the transmission rate of each connection, and adds up the utilized bandwidth that the linking number of each stream is connected with each;
The information interaction module connects this link control module, obtains the linking number and the utilized bandwidth of each stream and sends to decision machine from this link control module, and the decision information of simultaneously decision machine being sent passes to this link control module.
According to an embodiment of allocated bandwidth of the present invention system, this application recognition module further comprises:
Initialization unit, importing comprise the database of the corresponding relation of user's request and stream;
The packet receiving element judges after receiving packet whether the port of the connection under this packet is serve port;
Coupling is confirmed the unit, with data and this database matching of this packet, is the stream under the corresponding connection of this packet is confirmed according to matching result, and starts the link control module of this connection.
According to an embodiment of allocated bandwidth of the present invention system, this link control module further comprises:
The transmission rate control unit, according to the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection of the decision information of decision machine control, transmission rate that connects through restriction or the mode that stops packet to send guarantee that the utilized bandwidth of each connection is not more than this corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit;
The Information Statistics unit, through in starting stage of link control module operation and connect when finishing the linking number of the statistics of linking number being confirmed stream, the utilized bandwidth that flows through the statistical computation when packet sends.
According to an embodiment of allocated bandwidth of the present invention system, this information interaction module is mutual through udp and decision machine.
The present invention contrasts prior art has following beneficial effect: technical scheme of the present invention is the bandwidth management system that adopts based on connecting, and is made up of production machine and decision machine.Decision machine is used to different connections and calculates transmission rate, and the production machine is the server for customer service, the transmission rate of each connection of the bandwidth allocation module control of installing on it self.The contrast prior art, the present invention can accurately control the transmission rate of each connection, thereby guarantees the bandwidth availability ratio of CDN node, avoids the congested of node, and can connect the reasonable distribution bandwidth for each.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preferred embodiment of bandwidth allocation methods of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the preferred embodiment of bandwidth management system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the bandwidth allocation module on the production machine in the bandwidth management system.
Fig. 4 is the implementing procedure figure of the application recognition module in the bandwidth allocation module.
Fig. 5 is the implementing procedure figure of the link control module in the bandwidth allocation module.
Fig. 6 is the implementing procedure figure of the information interaction module in the bandwidth allocation module.
Fig. 7 is the implementing procedure figure of decision machine in the bandwidth management system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further description.
The embodiment of bandwidth allocation methods
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of the embodiment of bandwidth allocation methods of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the structure of the allocated bandwidth system implementation example of using this bandwidth allocation methods.Please earlier referring to Fig. 2; The applied environment of bandwidth allocation methods is exactly a system that is made up of a plurality of production machines (in Fig. 2, being shown three production machine 101-103) and a decision machine 104 that is connected with these production machines; Also comprised hub (Switchhub) 105 in the system shown in Figure 2, these production machines connect toward the Internet through hub 105.
Please in addition referring to Fig. 1, the bandwidth allocation methods of present embodiment is made up of following steps.
Step S100: the production machine is every at a distance from one-period, reports linking number and each corresponding utilized bandwidth that is connected of each stream of each stream of self to decision machine.
Step S102: decision machine gathers the information of each production machine report, for each pairing each connection of each stream of producing machine distributes bandwidth, and the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth is fed back to the production machine.
For the judgment principle that connect to distribute bandwidth is: when the utilized bandwidth of stream less than threshold value 75% the time, do not limit the transmission rate of each connection of this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream more than or equal to threshold value 75% and during less than threshold value, with each connection of remaining bandwidth mean allocation to this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream during, according to each utilized bandwidth that is connected of this stream of ratio minimizing of the utilized bandwidth of this stream and this threshold value greater than this threshold value.Wherein the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth has comprised the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection in the next cycle.The purpose of distributing is in order to make full use of bandwidth, fair allocat bandwidth and guarantee that the transmission rate sum that connects is not more than prescribed bandwidth.
Step S104: the production machine is according to the transmission rate from each connection of the decision information of decision machine control self that receives.
In the detailed process of the transmission rate of control connection, transmission rate that the production machine connects through restriction or the mode that stops packet to send guarantee that the utilized bandwidth that connects is not more than the corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit.The production machine is monitored each in real time and is connected the flow that produces in the current period, on the utilized bandwidth of flow above the decision machine regulation, stops the transmission of this connection in limited time.
Allocated bandwidth system implementation example
The structure of the allocated bandwidth system of present embodiment is as shown in Figure 2, is made up of many production machines 101~103 and a decision machine 104, and whole system adopts the pattern of centralized decision-making and distributed execution.Decision machine 104 distributes bandwidth through the information of gathering from production machine 101~103 for each connects.Production machine 101~103 is through bandwidth allocation module mounted thereto (shown in Fig. 3) and decision machine 104 interactive information, and the transmission rate of control connection.The function of decision machine 104 is the information that gathers 101~103 reports of production machine, for pairing each connection of each stream of each production machine 101~103 distributes bandwidth, and the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth is fed back to production machine 101~103.Decision machine 104 for connect the principle of distributing bandwidth be when the utilized bandwidth that flows less than threshold value 75% the time, do not limit the transmission rate of each connection of this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream more than or equal to threshold value 75% and during less than threshold value, with each connection of remaining bandwidth mean allocation to this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream during, according to each utilized bandwidth that is connected of this stream of ratio minimizing of the utilized bandwidth of this stream and this threshold value greater than this threshold value.Wherein the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth has comprised the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection in the next cycle.The purpose of distributing is in order to make full use of bandwidth, fair allocat bandwidth and guarantee that the transmission rate sum that connects is not more than prescribed bandwidth.
The function of production machine mainly is to realize by the bandwidth allocation module 20 that is installed on the production machine.The internal structure of bandwidth allocation module 20 is asked for an interview Fig. 3, comprises application recognition module 201, link control module 202 and information interaction module 203.Their annexation is application recognition module 201 unidirectional connection link control modules 202, and link control module 202 is set up two-way the connection with information interaction module 203.
The function of application recognition module 201 is to confirm affiliated stream according to user's request for connecting, and this information is passed to link control module 202.Application recognition module 201 is made up of the definite unit of initialization unit, packet receiving element and coupling, and the three connects in regular turn, and wherein initialization unit imports the database of the corresponding relation that comprises user's request and stream.The packet receiving element judges after receiving packet whether the port of the connection under this packet is serve port.Coupling is confirmed data and the database matching of unit with packet, is the stream under the corresponding connection of this packet is confirmed according to matching result, and starts the link control module 202 of this connection.Fig. 4 is the operational process of application recognition module 201.At the operation starting stage of application recognition module 201 S301, carry out the initialization of application recognition module 201, the database that particularly will comprise the corresponding relation of user's request and stream exactly imports in the module.After initialization is accomplished, get into step S302, application recognition module 201 is waited for the arrival of packets, and whether the port of the connection under the judgment data bag be serve port, is to get into follow-up step S303 under the situation of serve port judging.In step S303, with data in the packet and database matching, be the stream under corresponding connection is confirmed to connect according to match condition, and start the link control procedure of link control module this connection, return and wait for next packet.
Link control module 202 is made up of transmission rate control unit and Information Statistics unit two parts; Accomplish the function of aspect separately respectively; The transmission rate control unit receives the information from application recognition module 201 on the one hand; Control the transmission rate of each connection; Particularly be exactly the utilized bandwidth upper limit, guarantee that through the transmission rate of restriction connection or the mode that stops packet to send the utilized bandwidth of each connection is not more than the corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit according to each connection of decision information control of decision machine.The utilized bandwidth that is connected with each of the linking number of each stream of Information Statistics unit statistics on the other hand; Particularly be exactly through in starting stage of link control module 202 operations and connect when finishing the linking number of the statistics of linking number being confirmed stream the utilized bandwidth that flows through the statistical computation when packet sends.Fig. 5 is the operational process of link control module 202.At the operation starting stage of link control module 202 S401; Start and connect control; The timer triggered time is set is spaced apart t (the timer triggered time is exactly the aforesaid cycle at interval), make N (i) (j)=N (i) (j)+1, N (i) (j) representes the linking number of stream; Wherein i representes server, and j representes to flow rank.And initialization control data T Last=0, u Max=∞, T Max=∞, wherein T LastBe that the statistics current period connects the data volume of being sent, T MaxBe the maximum amount of data that the current period that connects can send, u MaxIt is the transmission rate of the maximum of current period.After initialization is accomplished, just get into step S402, judge whether that new affirmation bag arrives,, then get into step S403,, then get into step S404 if there is not newly arrived affirmation bag if newly arrived affirmation bag is arranged.Step S403 connects current transmission rate u and u in order to guarantee that adjusted transmission rate is not more than the maximum transmission rate of regulation, wherein to judge MaxMagnitude relationship, if u>u Max, then make u=u Max, and return step S404.In step S404 subsequently, to send packet if connect, then go to step S405, otherwise go to step S406.Step S405 judges whether bandwidth left in addition, that is judges T LastAnd T MaxMagnitude relationship, if T Last>T Max, then do not allow packet to send, go to step S407, if T Last≤T MaxThen go to step S406.Step S406 is the packet statistic flow to sending; Specifically, make exactly T (i) (j)=T (i) (j)+packsize, wherein T (i) (j) is the utilized bandwidth of stream j among the production machine i; The size of the packet that packsize indicates to send gets into step S407 after step S406 running is accomplished.In step S407, judge to connect and whether will interrupt,, interrupt then go to step S409 if connect if interrupt then go to step S408.In step S408, make N (i) (j)=N (i) (j)-1, withdraw from control, connect to interrupt.In step S409, judge whether timer has triggering, if timer does not trigger then returns step S402, if timer triggers then gets into step S410.In step S410, computation bandwidth and control information and initialization data wherein make u Last=T Last/ t; When AI (j)=MD (j)=0, u Max=∞, T Max=∞; When AI (j)>0, u Max=u Last+ AI (j), T Max=u Last* t; When MD (j)>0, u Max=u Last* MD (j), Tmax=u Last* t.Make T at last Last=0 and restart timer, return step S402.U wherein LastBe the average transmission rate that is connected one-period, AI (j) is the maximum bandwidth that can increase in the time cycle t that is connected under the stream j, and MD (j) is the ratio that utilized bandwidth will reduce in the time cycle t that is connected under the stream j.
Information interaction module 203 is obtained the linking number and the utilized bandwidth of each stream and is sent to decision machine 104 from link control module 202, and the decision information of simultaneously decision machine 104 being sent passes to link control module 202.Fig. 6 shows the realization flow of link control module 202.See also Fig. 6, at first accomplish the startup initialization of module at step S501, the log-on message listening port is provided with the time interval t that timer triggers, the N (i) that makes all streams (j)=0, T (i) (j)=0, j=0 wherein, 1,2 ... N.Get into step S502 subsequently, judge whether to receive decision information,, then go to step S503,, then go to step S504 if do not receive decision information if receive the decision information (also being referred to as control information) of decision machine 104.In step S503, upgrade control information AI (j) and MD (j).In step S504,, otherwise be back to step S502 if timer triggers then goes to step S505.In step S505; Information interaction module 203 usefulness udp bag sends statistical information to decision machine 104; Make T (i) (j)=0,, return step S502 again otherwise send the acquisition request decision information with the udp bag to decision machine 104 earlier if there is the decision information of renewal last one-period then directly returns step S502.
For decision machine 104, also there is an operation workflow inside, and is as shown in Figure 7.In the operation workflow of decision machine 104, relate to the linking number of following parameter: N (j) for stream j, T (j) is the flow (being also referred to as utilized bandwidth) of stream j, and queue (j) is the virtual queue of stream j, and the spendable bandwidth of stream j is T Max(j), spare (j) is the still untapped bandwidth of stream j.Step S601 be decision machine 104 the startup stage, timer triggered time t at interval is set in this step, and makes N (j)=0, T (j)=0, queue (j)=0, AI (j)=MD (j)=0.In step S602, judge whether to receive the statistical information of production machine, if for example receive the statistical information of production machine i, then go to step S603, if do not receive the statistical information of production machine i, then go to step S604.In step S603 subsequently, Update Information, even N (j)=N (j)+N (i) is (j), j=1 wherein, 2 ..., N, N are the number that flows in the production machine.In step S604, judge whether to receive the request package that the request of production machine obtains decision information, if receive such request package then go to step S605, if do not receive such request package then go to step S606.Among the step S605, have the udp bag of decision information to the production machine transmission of request.In step S606,, otherwise be back to step S602 if timer triggers then goes to step S607.Among the step S607, whether inspection exists the production machine to send the situation of statistical information to decision machine in current period, if having then supposed that the statistical information of this production machine was identical with last one-period, upgrades statistics, goes to step S608 again.In step S608, calculate decision information, for being calculated as each, each stream connects the bandwidth of distributing, promptly calculate AI (j) and MD (j).At first upgrade the virtual queue of stream, queue (j)=max (0, queue (j)-spare (j)) is if T (j)<μ * T Max(j), AI (j)=MD (j)=0, wherein μ is a constant, can confirm according to experiment.Make B=α * spare (j)-β * queue (j) again, wherein α, β are constant, can be confirmed by experiment.If B>0, MD (j)=0 then, AI (j)=B/ (t*N (j)); If B<0, AI (j)=0 then, MD (j)=-B/T Max(j); If B=0, MD (j)=0 then, AI (j)=0.01*Tmax (j)/(t*N (j)).In step S609, the decision information that calculates is sent to each production machine.
The foregoing description provides to those of ordinary skills and realizes or use of the present invention; Those of ordinary skills can be under the situation that does not break away from invention thought of the present invention; The foregoing description is made various modifications or variation; Thereby protection scope of the present invention do not limit by the foregoing description, and should be the maximum magnitude that meets the inventive features that claims mention.

Claims (7)

1. bandwidth allocation methods, through the allocated bandwidth of carrying out content distributing network alternately between production machine and the decision machine, this bandwidth allocation methods comprises:
(1) production machine phase week about is to the linking number of each stream of decision machine report self and each utilized bandwidth that is connected of each stream correspondence;
(2) decision machine gathers the information of each production machine report; For each pairing each connection of each stream of producing machine distributes bandwidth; And the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth fed back to the production machine, wherein decision information comprises the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection in the next cycle;
(3) the production machine is according to the transmission rate from each connection of the decision information of decision machine control self that receives, and transmission rate that the machine of wherein producing connects through restriction or the mode that stops packet to send guarantee that the utilized bandwidth that connects is not more than the corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit.
2. bandwidth allocation methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (2), when the utilized bandwidth of stream less than threshold value 75% the time, do not limit the transmission rate of each connection of this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream more than or equal to this threshold value 75% and during less than this threshold value, with each connection of remaining bandwidth mean allocation to this stream; When the utilized bandwidth of stream during, according to each utilized bandwidth that is connected of this stream of ratio minimizing of the utilized bandwidth of this stream and this threshold value greater than this threshold value.
3. allocated bandwidth system; The allocated bandwidth that is used for content distributing network; This system comprises production machine and the decision machine that bandwidth allocation module is installed; Wherein this bandwidth allocation module week about the phase to the linking number of each stream of decision machine report self and each utilized bandwidth that is connected of each stream correspondence; And according to the transmission rate from each connection of the decision information of decision machine control self that receives, wherein decision information comprises the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection in the next cycle; This decision machine gathers the information of each production machine report; For each pairing each connection of each stream of producing machine distributes bandwidth; And the decision information of relevant allocated bandwidth fed back to the production machine, transmission rate that the machine of wherein producing connects through restriction or the mode that stops packet to send guarantee that the utilized bandwidth that connects is not more than the corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit.
4. allocated bandwidth according to claim 3 system is characterized in that this bandwidth allocation module further comprises:
Application recognition module is confirmed affiliated stream according to user's request for connecting;
Link control module connects this application recognition module, receives the information from this application recognition module, controls the transmission rate of each connection, and adds up the utilized bandwidth that the linking number of each stream is connected with each;
The information interaction module connects this link control module, obtains the linking number and the utilized bandwidth of each stream and sends to decision machine from this link control module, and the decision information of simultaneously decision machine being sent passes to this link control module.
5. allocated bandwidth according to claim 4 system is characterized in that this application recognition module further comprises:
Initialization unit, importing comprise the database of the corresponding relation of user's request and stream;
The packet receiving element judges after receiving packet whether the port of the connection under this packet is serve port;
Coupling is confirmed the unit, with data and this database matching of this packet, is the stream under the corresponding connection of this packet is confirmed according to matching result, and starts the link control module of this connection.
6. allocated bandwidth according to claim 5 system is characterized in that this link control module further comprises:
The transmission rate control unit, according to the utilized bandwidth upper limit of each connection of the decision information of decision machine control, transmission rate that connects through restriction or the mode that stops packet to send guarantee that the utilized bandwidth of each connection is not more than this corresponding utilized bandwidth upper limit;
The Information Statistics unit, through in starting stage of link control module operation and connect when finishing the linking number of the statistics of linking number being confirmed stream, the utilized bandwidth that flows through the statistical computation when packet sends.
7. allocated bandwidth according to claim 6 system is characterized in that, this information interaction module is mutual through udp and decision machine.
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