CN101650173A - Photoelectric sensor for position of sun - Google Patents
Photoelectric sensor for position of sun Download PDFInfo
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- CN101650173A CN101650173A CN200910063945A CN200910063945A CN101650173A CN 101650173 A CN101650173 A CN 101650173A CN 200910063945 A CN200910063945 A CN 200910063945A CN 200910063945 A CN200910063945 A CN 200910063945A CN 101650173 A CN101650173 A CN 101650173A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoelectric sensor for the position of the sun. The photoelectric sensor is provided with an accurate tracking component at the inside and a coarse tracking component at the outside; the accurate tracking component comprises a light penetration hole piece (2) and a four-quadrant silicon photovoltaic cell (5), the four-quadrant silicon photovoltaic cell is arranged on abase (6) of the sensor, a facula hole of the light penetration hole piece is positioned over the four-quadrant silicon photovoltaic cell, and the center of the facula hole and the original point of the four-quadrant silicon photovoltaic cell are both positioned on the central axis of the sensor; and the coarse tracking component comprises four common silicon photovoltaic cells (4) which are evenlydistributed on the outer side of an inclined wall (3) of the sensor. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main advantages: the effective tracking range is expanded, the position of the sun within a range of 330 degrees can be detected, and the tracking accuracy can be within 0.1 degree. Moreover, the invention has simple structure, lower cost and convenient use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor, particularly relate to a kind of high precision wide range photoelectric sensor for position of sun.
Background technology
Along with solar photovoltaic technology, the especially development of concentrating photovoltaic power generation technology in recent years, high-precision sun Position Tracking technology is more and more important.And photoelectric sensor is as the core component of photoelectric tracking, and its accessible precision directly influences the tracking accuracy of tracker, and its tracking accuracy just is one of factor that directly influences the solar photovoltaic generation system generating efficiency.But general sensor is guaranteeing often to have ignored the following range factor under the high precision situation, causes sensor situation less than the sun often to occur searching for because of following range is little.Though and some improvement technology have improved the following range of sensor, still can not make the people satisfied.So, guarantee that photoelectric sensor reaches the bottleneck that requirement becomes influences the photoelectric tracking technical development simultaneously at aspects such as following range, tracking accuracies.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: a kind of photoelectric sensor for position of sun is provided, hangs down and shortcomings such as following range is little to overcome existing sun position sensor precision.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical matters employing is: the inside of this photoelectric sensor for position of sun is provided with accurate tracking component, and the outside is provided with rough trace component.Accurate tracking component is made up of light hole sheet and four-quadrant silicon photocell, the four-quadrant silicon photocell is placed on the base of sensor, the light class hole of light hole sheet be positioned at the four-quadrant silicon photocell directly over, center, light class hole and four-quadrant silicon photocell initial point all are positioned on the central axis of described sensor.Rough trace component is made up of four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells, and they are evenly distributed on the outside of skew wall of described sensor.
The present invention compared with prior art has following main advantage: effectively following range enlarges, and can detect 330 ° of scopes with interior position of sun, and tracking accuracy can reach in 0.1 ° simultaneously.And simple in structure, cost is lower, and is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general assembly drawing front view of photoelectric sensor for position of sun.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
But Fig. 3 is a photoelectric sensor for position of sun detection angles synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is four-quadrant silicon photocell and facula position synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 be incident angle when being 0.1 ° the master look sketch;
Among the figure: 1. probe cover; 2. light hole sheet; 3. skew wall; 4. ordinary silicon photoelectric cell; 5. four-quadrant silicon photocell; 6. base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Photoelectric sensor for position of sun provided by the invention, its structure be as shown in Figures 1 to 4: inside is provided with accurate tracking component, and the outside is provided with rough trace component; Accurate tracking component is made up of light hole sheet 2 and four-quadrant silicon photocell 5, the four-quadrant silicon photocell is placed on the base 6 of sensor, the light class hole of light hole sheet be positioned at the four-quadrant silicon photocell directly over, center, light class hole and four-quadrant silicon photocell initial point all are positioned on the central axis of described sensor; Rough trace component is made up of four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells 4, and they are evenly distributed on the outside of skew wall 3 of described sensor.
The distance of center, described hot spot hole and four-quadrant silicon photocell 5 is 19～21mm, advises being 20mm.The diameter in hot spot hole is 1/2nd of a four-quadrant photocell diameter.
Described skew wall 3 is a bucking ladder, and each hypotenuse inclination angle is 75 °.The groove that symmetric configuration is arranged on each hypotenuse, ordinary silicon photoelectric cell 4 is embedded in wherein.Ordinary silicon photoelectric cell 4 can adopt crystalline silicon photoelectric cell cheap on the market.
Described four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells 4, symmetry is distributed in respectively on the X-axis line and Y-axis line of four-quadrant silicon photocell 5 in twos.X-axis line after four-quadrant silicon photocell 5 is installed is corresponding to east-west direction, and the Y-axis line is corresponding to North and South direction.
Described four-quadrant silicon photocell 5, its principle of work is: the illumination that the electric current output on each quadrant of four-quadrant silicon photocell receives with it is linear, shine the center of four-quadrant silicon photocell when solar facula, be that spot center is when overlapping in four-quadrant silicon photocell center, the illumination energy that four quadrants of four-quadrant silicon photocell receive equates that output equates; And after the sun moves, its incident angle changes, and hot spot is offset in four-quadrant silicon photocell coordinate system, receives the many quadrant electric current output of illumination energy and increases, receive the few quadrant electric current output minimizing of illumination, thereby judge the change in location of the sun.Want to reach high precision, the precision tracking components of this photoelectric sensor for position of sun (abbreviation sensor) must have interference seldom, and other parts all seal lighttight structural design except the small light spot hole so this precision tracking is partly adopted.And reach high precision tracking to the sun, and promptly be in α angular range shown in Figure 3, solar incident ray and sensor axis angle are seldom the time, and sensor also can be finished the perception of position of sun and impel the precision tracking components to remove to follow the tracks of the sun.And this angle is the smaller the better.Therefore, as long as the sensitivity of four-quadrant silicon photocell is enough high, the signals collecting part is enough high to the sensitivity of signal, just can reach enough precision.As shown in Figure 4, this moment, solar facula was on the X of four-quadrant silicon photocell coordinate, spot center is Δ X=HTAN (0.1 °)=20TAN (0.1 °)=0.035 (mm) apart from the center of four-quadrant battery as shown in Figure 5, calculate for convenience, when low-angle can hot spot similar be square.When hot spot is finished when being offset to X coordinate negative direction the electric current output bias maximum on both sides.And the output of photronic electric current is linear with its light-receiving area, thus this moment the four-quadrant positive and negative directional current output bias of silicon photocell X-axis and the ratio of maximum current output bias be 2 Δ X (R/2): ∏ (R/2)
2=0.045.And 8 the most basic ADC chip precision of the analog-digital chip of single-chip microcomputer just reach 1/2
8, than 0.045 little many, so the collection of signal judged reach accuracy requirement fully.General four-quadrant silicon photocell also can reach this precision fully on the market now.And the size at α angle is by effective reception illuminating area size and the middle light hole sheet 2 of sensor and the tracking H decision of four-quadrant silicon photocell of four-quadrant silicon photocell.H is too big, and the α angle is less, and the angular range of accurate tracking is too small, makes accurate tracking and the frequent switching of thick tracking to cause system's instability; H is too little, and top Δ X is less, does not guarantee the precision of following the tracks of.Therefore choosing H herein is 20mm.
Example: certain day morning, tracker was faced east, and be overcast and rainy this moment, and tracker quits work.When afternoon, the sun came out, start tracker.Sunray is in sensor axle center line deviation certain angle.When this angle was spent greater than 90, general sun position sensor can't detect the position of the sun, and the present invention can detect the position of sun in 330 degree.This moment, the drift angle was four-quadrant photocell operating angle scope α greater than the accurate tracking angle, started rough trace routine.At this moment, sunray only can shine two ordinary silicon photoelectric cells on one side, makes that its output current is bigger, can judge sun orientation substantially, and the control tracker is rotated to the direction of the sun.Solar incident angle is reduced to when shining two other ordinary silicon photoelectric cells simultaneously, because the incident angle difference of sunray on battery, absolute light is also different according to energy, the solar energy of two photronic acceptance of ordinary silicon that receive illumination originally is still bigger, so tracker continues slightly to follow the tracks of to solar direction.When the axis angle of sunray and sensor during less than α, inner four-quadrant silicon photocell receives solar irradiation and the big electric current output of unexpected change is arranged.Can set a current threshold, when electric current just can judge that greater than this threshold values solar incident angle is less than α.Enter the accurate tracking stage this moment, and four photronic signals of ordinary silicon of shielding outside are only handled four quadrant current signals of four-quadrant silicon photocell.This moment solar facula be offset initial point in the four-quadrant coordinate system bigger, the quadrant part battery current at its place, center is exported bigger, can conclude the position of the sun, thereby carry out accurate tracking.When the electric current output of the battery on same coordinate axis both sides less than a threshold values, i.e. electric current difference during the solar incident angle minimum value of the assurance tracking accuracy of She Dinging can judge that tracking finishes.Wait for and judge again after the time T and follow the tracks of the Continuous Tracking of finishing position of sun again.
Photoelectric sensor for position of sun provided by the invention (abbreviation sensor), it compares by four quadrant output current values to the four-quadrant silicon photocell, can calculate the deviation that the sun drops on the centre distance four-quadrant silicon photocell coordinate center of the hot spot on the battery, thereby obtain the angular deviation of position of sun and sensor axis direction; Can obtain the rough position of the sun so that finish the rough position detection by comparing four silicon photocell output current values; Can adopt single-chip microcomputer to finish logical process between rough position detects and the exact position is detected signal Processing and the two kinds of detections.
When sensor provided by the invention uses, can be fixed in the top of double-shaft sun tracking system, and make the lens place plane of its axial line perpendicular to concentration module.As shown in Figure 3: ordinary silicon photoelectric cell 4 is in skew wall 3, and the battery sensitive surface outwardly.When the angle of incident ray and center sensor axle outside β angle as shown in Figure 3, then about two ordinary silicon photoelectric cells must have at least one can receive sunray, promptly sensor has signal.β is 30 ° herein, so but the maximum detection angles of ordinary silicon photoelectric cell 4 is 330 °.Because the sensor outside is vulnerable to the stray light influence,, partly use by four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells 4 so only being used as rough tracking transducer.When the angle of incident ray and center sensor axis is in angle [alpha] as shown in Figure 3, the aperture that light can pass in the light hole sheet 2 shines on the four-quadrant silicon photocell 5, make it that signal output be arranged, thereby can obtain the work of position error signal control follower according to certain algorithm again.
Claims (6)
1. photoelectric sensor for position of sun, it is characterized in that: the inside of described sensor is provided with accurate tracking component, and the outside is provided with rough trace component; Accurate tracking component is made up of light hole sheet (2) and four-quadrant silicon photocell (5), the four-quadrant silicon photocell is placed on the base (6) of sensor, the light class hole of light hole sheet be positioned at the four-quadrant silicon photocell directly over, center, light class hole and four-quadrant silicon photocell initial point all are positioned on the central axis of described sensor; Rough trace component is made up of four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells (4), and they are evenly distributed on the outside of skew wall (3) of described sensor.
2. photoelectric sensor for position of sun according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance of center, hot spot hole and four-quadrant silicon photocell (5) is 19～21mm, and the diameter in hot spot hole is 1/2nd of a four-quadrant photocell diameter.
3. photoelectric sensor for position of sun according to claim 1 is characterized in that: skew wall (3) is a bucking ladder, and each hypotenuse inclination angle is 75 °.
4. sun position sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the groove of symmetric configuration is arranged on the hypotenuse of skew wall (3), and four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells (4) are embedded in wherein.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described sun position sensors, it is characterized in that: four ordinary silicon photoelectric cells (4) are symmetry in twos, is distributed in respectively on the X-axis line and Y-axis line of four-quadrant silicon photocell (5).
6. photoelectric sensor for position of sun according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the X-axis line after described four-quadrant silicon photocell (5) is installed is corresponding to east-west direction, and the Y-axis line is corresponding to North and South direction.
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| CN200910063945A CN101650173A (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Photoelectric sensor for position of sun |
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| CN200910063945A CN101650173A (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Photoelectric sensor for position of sun |
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| CN102566601A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-07-11 | 宁波五马电器有限公司 | Sun tracking sensor |
| WO2012110924A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-23 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| CN102829861A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2012-12-19 | 大连宏海新能源发展有限公司 | Four-quadrant light beam position sensor |
| CN102841612A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2012-12-26 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | Self-powered sunlight tracing sensor device |
| CN103217141A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-07-24 | 大连宏海新能源发展有限公司 | Sun position detection device and method |
| US9001029B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2015-04-07 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| US9389315B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2016-07-12 | Basf Se | Detector comprising a transversal optical sensor for detecting a transversal position of a light beam from an object and a longitudinal optical sensor sensing a beam cross-section of the light beam in a sensor region |
| US9557856B2 (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2017-01-31 | Basf Se | Optical detector |
| CN106595646A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-04-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Spot detection module and spot detection based laser positioning system |
| US9665182B2 (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2017-05-30 | Basf Se | Detector for determining a position of at least one object |
| US9741954B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2017-08-22 | Basf Se | Optical detector and method for manufacturing the same |
| US9829564B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2017-11-28 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one longitudinal coordinate of one object by determining a number of illuminated pixels |
| US10094927B2 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2018-10-09 | Basf Se | Detector for optically determining a position of at least one object |
| US10353049B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2019-07-16 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting an orientation of at least one object |
| US10412283B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2019-09-10 | Trinamix Gmbh | Dual aperture 3D camera and method using differing aperture areas |
| CN110456832A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 江苏提米智能科技有限公司 | A kind of sun tracker and method |
| CN110926603A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 漳浦比速光电科技有限公司 | Photoelectric intensity detection device and use method thereof |
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| WO2012110924A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-23 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| US9001029B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2015-04-07 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| CN102566601A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-07-11 | 宁波五马电器有限公司 | Sun tracking sensor |
| CN102829861A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2012-12-19 | 大连宏海新能源发展有限公司 | Four-quadrant light beam position sensor |
| CN102841612A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2012-12-26 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | Self-powered sunlight tracing sensor device |
| US10120078B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2018-11-06 | Basf Se | Detector having a transversal optical sensor and a longitudinal optical sensor |
| US9389315B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2016-07-12 | Basf Se | Detector comprising a transversal optical sensor for detecting a transversal position of a light beam from an object and a longitudinal optical sensor sensing a beam cross-section of the light beam in a sensor region |
| CN103217141A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-07-24 | 大连宏海新能源发展有限公司 | Sun position detection device and method |
| US10845459B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2020-11-24 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
| US10353049B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2019-07-16 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting an orientation of at least one object |
| US9741954B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2017-08-22 | Basf Se | Optical detector and method for manufacturing the same |
| US9829564B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2017-11-28 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one longitudinal coordinate of one object by determining a number of illuminated pixels |
| US10823818B2 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2020-11-03 | Basf Se | Detector for optically detecting at least one object |
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| US11860292B2 (en) | 2016-11-17 | 2024-01-02 | Trinamix Gmbh | Detector and methods for authenticating at least one object |
| CN106595646B (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2019-10-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of spot detection module and the laser orientation system based on spot detection |
| CN106595646A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-04-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Spot detection module and spot detection based laser positioning system |
| US11060922B2 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | Trinamix Gmbh | Optical detector |
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| CN110926603A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 漳浦比速光电科技有限公司 | Photoelectric intensity detection device and use method thereof |
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Open date: 20100217 |