CN101614780A - Directional fault current indicator - Google Patents
Directional fault current indicator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101614780A CN101614780A CN 200810213880 CN200810213880A CN101614780A CN 101614780 A CN101614780 A CN 101614780A CN 200810213880 CN200810213880 CN 200810213880 CN 200810213880 A CN200810213880 A CN 200810213880A CN 101614780 A CN101614780 A CN 101614780A
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Abstract
A kind of method that is used to discern the malfunction that is associated with the power line conductor of power distribution network.This method comprises that the load current of determining to be delivered by lead is greater than minimum load current, determine the angle relationship of being remembered between load current and the source signal, determine the load current size, determine the real-time angle relationship between load current and the source signal, and when real-time angle relationship is in the angle of the predetermined value of the angle relationship of being remembered and when the load current size exceeds the indicating fault electric current indicating fault status.
Description
Quoting of relevant application
Application number that the application requires on July 3rd, 2007 to submit to according to united states patent law the 119th article (e) item be 60/947,751, denomination of invention is the right of priority of the temporary patent application of directivity faulted circuit indicator (Directional Fault CircuitIndicator).
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the fault detect field in the power distribution network.
Background technology
Monitoring three phase supply feed line (lead) is with the power failure situation on the distribution wire that detects power distribution network.In order to eliminate or repair these faults such as short circuit, determine that at first abort situation is important.In traditional overhead distribution system, have normal power flow direction, and rightabout power flow (inverse probability flux) only is used for emergent purposes.The backward power flux often is known to the system operators, and pays attention in system's operation with in safeguarding.
Yet the localization of fault task is complicated in the networked distribution system such as city and underground distribution net, because the direction of the power flow by specific circuit can be as time goes by changed in response to the change in load and source.Because whenever all do not know the direction of power flow, use traditional non-directivity fault detector to determine that abort situation is problematic.
Can run into other problem in clandestine network detection and fault location.Feedback current makes fault detect and location become complicated.The network protector operation may be inconsistent, and some protective devices may not cut out after fault restoration.The operation of this failure may make some network segments not switch on and do not reported.Relatively also make fault detect become complicated between the lead in the clandestine network than short distance and the interference followed thereof.
Therefore, need be a kind of through improved directivity fault detector, be used under the situation of typical power swing and the change of power flow direction, detecting the fault direction of power distribution network.
Recover the required time of electric power in order to shorten on clandestine network, this network comprises the abutment in known location.Each abutment is under water or underground access point, have about 1 to 11 at this abutment to the three-phase main feeder of network power supply.The 120VAC source that is independent of the electric power on the power supply phase conductor also can be inserted in each abutment.
Description of drawings
In following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, each embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram through improved directional fault current indicator device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows representative voltage waveform and the representative current waveform that is used for determining phase relation between voltage waveform and the current waveform;
Fig. 3 shows the constitutional diagram that runs the example of the directional fault current indicator device of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 shows the constitutional diagram of angle relationship mode of learning of the directional fault current indicator device of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 represents for the phase angle on the x-y plane of the directional fault current indicator device use of Fig. 1.
According to convention, various described features are not to draw in proportion, are used to emphasize concrete feature related to the present invention but draw.Identical reference marker is all being represented components identical in accompanying drawing and the text.
Embodiment
Before describing ad hoc approach relevant and device in detail, should be noted that the present invention mainly is the novelty of element and process steps, non-obvious combination with directional fault current indicator.In order not make the details that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that obscure the present invention, some conventional element and step present with less details, and drawing and description are described other element and the step relevant with understanding the present invention in more detail.
Following embodiment is not intended to limit structure of the present invention or method, and only provides example explanation.These embodiments are permission rather than compulsory, are illustrative rather than limit.
Directional fault current indicator of the present invention detects generation and the direction thereof that power system network is gone up (comprising networking or netted power system network) fault, and the direction of fault is relevant with the sense position of fault current indicator on this power system network.The approximate location of fault is at the fault current indicator of indication forward direction (wherein forward direction is meant sense of current) fault and do not indicate between the next nearest fault current indicator of forward faults definite.Thereby with localization of fault between two fault current indicators.
Two conditions of definite needs according to Fault Identification of the present invention and fault direction.At first, the magnitude of current must be greater than the predetermined indicating fault magnitude of current.Secondly, in real time load current and in real time the phase angle difference between the reference voltage must between load current and reference voltage, pre-determine in the specified angle scope of phase angle difference of (perhaps memory).
During steady-state current (that is, the firm power flux directions in the minimum period), determine the phase angle difference of being remembered by determining phase angle difference between load current waveform and the reference voltage waveform and this phase angle difference of storage (memory).This phase angle difference relevant with sense of current (when remembering phase angle difference once more later on, this direction of current can change).
In one embodiment, the angular range of appointment is about ± 75 degree.Memory angle relationship and the value remembered compared with real-time phase angle can correctly discern fault direction and avoid false alarm (especially those false alarms that cause because of feedback current).
The ability of the direction of the fault on definite clandestine network of apparatus of the present invention is even more important.The fault current indicator device is installed in network junction point usually or can inserts any position of underground distribution net easily.Use to this device is not limited to netted power distribution network, and can be advantageously used in any power distribution network.Utilize the phase angle difference indication steady-state current of being remembered, the phase relation when fault takes place between sense of current or load current and the reference voltage can change at one or more fault current indicator place of the present invention.
At first party tropism's fault current indicator device of indicating forward faults (promptly, fault is in the front (with respect to the direction of power flow) of first device) and do not indicate second of forward faults to install the direction of determining fault between (that is, fault is in the back of second device).The real-time phase angle difference at the first device place will be within the specified angle scope of the phase angle difference of being remembered, and will indicate forward faults.The real-time phase angle difference at the second device place will be outside the specified angle scope of the phase angle difference of being remembered, and because of not indicating forward faults to be left in the basket.
Fault detector can be installed in the abutment or the Network Access Point of each phase conductor, thereby allow on the specific phase lead, to carry out fault detect.
When providing the feed line of electric power to use than minimum load current to one section power network (is 5A in one embodiment, but can select or programming according to Systems Operator's instructions, load condition and power system operation parameter) when big load current is powered, start stable period (be 2 seconds in one embodiment, but can or select) according to Systems Operator's instructions, load condition and the programming of power system operation parameter.Be to decay to the zero or approaching zero time of having reserved because of electrical equipment starts the unwanted line transient or the current surge that produce stable period.Too little usually and do not think that effective load current can not indicate light condition effectively less than the current value of minimum load current; In these cases, the uncertain phase angle difference of remembering.
After finishing stable period, and equal continuously or exceed minimum load current by the monitored load current that phase conductor delivered, fault current indicator of the present invention determines and storage (that is memory) load current and reference voltage between phase angle difference.According to an embodiment, reference voltage provides electric power to move fault current indicator of the present invention.
As long as recover minimum load current (that is, when passing through the schedule time under load current drops to minimum load current load current takes place just and lose) after load current is lost, device of the present invention is just remembered phase angle difference.This device starts stable period and remember phase angle difference after finishing stable period.Usually, select the schedule time to discern can not to cause to remember again the temporary fault state that the load current direction of phase angle difference changes.This device is manually or also remember phase angle difference when automatically reseting.
After determining and storing the phase angle difference of being remembered, determine the real-time phase angle difference between real-time current and the reference voltage utilizing steady-state current (but in an application, be about 300A, in any case all greater than minimum load current) operating period indicator.Indicator is compared real-time phase angle difference with the phase angle difference of being remembered, and determines whether real-time phase angle difference is being added that by the phase angle difference of being remembered predetermined value and the phase angle difference of being remembered deduct in the predetermined value institute restricted portion.In one embodiment, these two predetermined values are greater than about 75 degree.
If in real time phase angle difference is outside institute's restricted portion (on being plotted in the x-y plane time, added and subtracted 75 degree institutes limited by the phase angle difference of being remembered), regards it as feedback current (that is inverse current) so and ignore this situation.Feedback current produces the phase angle difference of about 180 degree usually.Real-time phase angle difference outside ± 75 degree angular ranges can the indicated power flux be from other direction or from different sources.
If fault occurs on the phase conductor A, the interference from contiguous phase conductor B and C can produce possible false alarm so, if carry big electric current (for example, 4000A) especially like this on one of phase conductor B and C.The phase angular region is arranged on ± 75 degree make the minimizing possibility of the false alarm that produces because of this disturbance state.
Usually, Du angular range provides enough leeway to comprise all load conditions, fault impedance, line impedance and from the harmonic disturbance of contiguous phase conductor ± 75.Inventors of the present invention determine that approximately ± 75 the angular range of degree provides the reliable indication of the forward faults that is positioned at the device downstream, but differing outside this scope may be tended to wrong indication and/or indication feedback states.Recognize that the electric current that is delivered by three-phase conducting wire has differing of 120 degree, the scopes of ± 75 degree should provide acceptable contiguous phase conductor immunity to interference, promptly from the interference of nearest phase conductor.This scope is also consistent with the steady state power flux directions of conventional fault.People will appreciate that other scope (for example, ± 70 spending approximately ± 80 degree) can be used for various application.For the underground power network in specific city, because the power flow that is stood in this network changes, the scope of ± 75 degree is considered to favourable.
If when fault current is detected real-time phase angle difference the phase angle difference of being remembered ± 75 the degree scopes in, the fault (being called incident) of device indicated power flux forward direction so of the present invention.
Except that the phase angle difference of when starting and just entered normal manipulation mode, determining to be remembered, can also programme or be provided with the phase angle difference of device indicating of the present invention to determine in any desired interval to be remembered.For example, as long as changing (removing the change above the load current of indicating fault load current), load current just can determine the phase angle difference remembered.
In addition, can programme or be provided with device indicating compares to determine real-time phase angle difference continuously or at any desired interval and will be worth with the phase angle difference of being remembered.In one embodiment, when load current exceeds the indicating fault load current, for example, be 1200A only according to an embodiment, just determine real-time phase angle difference and it is compared with the phase angle difference of being remembered.
Fig. 5 shows the straight line 2 of representing the phase angle difference 3 remembered on the x-y plane, and wherein the x axle is represented 0 degree (perhaps 360 degree) phase angle, and the y axle is represented 90 degree phase angles.The 4A zone is extended to straight line 5 from straight line 2; The phase angle difference 3 that straight line 5 expressions are remembered adds 75 degree.The 4B zone is extended to straight line 6 from straight line 2; The phase angle difference 3 that straight line 6 expressions are remembered deducts 75 degree.Regional thus 4A and 4B limit from the zone of phase angle difference 3 ± 75 degree of being remembered.Real-time phase angle indication in regional 4A or 4B on monitored phase conductor by the determined possible breakdown of directional fault current indicator of the present invention.In other words, when indicating possible fault in phase angle difference that real-time phase angle difference is being remembered 75 degree when (that is degree, ± 75).
With reference to Fig. 1, directional fault current indicator device 10 comprises at least one sensor 12a and the controller 14 that is coupled with this sensor 12a.Sensor 12 can be configured to the electricity condition (for example, electric current or voltage) of sensing lead.For example, lead can comprise the first lead 16a in the three-phase distribution scheme, is called lead " A " among Fig. 1.The lead 16b and the 16c that are marked as " B " and " C " in Fig. 1 can conduct two-phase and three-phase current respectively.In an illustrative embodiments, sensor 12a can be configured to the current waveform that sensing is illustrated in the electric current 18a that flows among the lead 16a, and produces the current signal 20a of this current waveform of expression.
For example, on lead 16a, 16b and 16c, start inductive load and can change real-time phase angle difference.Yet, remembered/near the phase angle difference of storage selected angular range considers that these change, and allows directional fault current indicator to determine the direction of fault more accurately.
In first and second operator schemes, whether at least one and signal 24 (expression voltage) be determining phase relation among controller 14 equal processing signals 20a, 20b and the 20c (expression electric current), and be present on one or more of among lead 16a, 16b and the 16c according to the definite voltage failure state of this value.Controller 14 second or monitoring mode in operating frequency or cause that the condition that controller 14 operates can or select by Systems Operator's programming in second pattern.
In other embodiment of the present invention, also can require the malfunction on definite B and/or the C phase conductor.Therefore can be at each phase conductor A, B phase relation different with the C memory, this phase relation is reflected in phase conductor A, B and C goes up differing between the electric current that delivers.In these embodiments, be necessary to determine electric current on B and/or the C phase conductor and the memory phase angle difference between the reference voltage.These embodiments need use two additional fault indicators of the present invention, perhaps have memory phase angle difference and the in real time single fault detector of the ability of phase angle difference of monitoring on all three phase conductors.
In an illustrative embodiments, controller 14 can be configured to determine among current signal 20a, 20b and the 20c at least one and from the phase relation between the voltage signal 24 of voltage sensor 22.For example, as shown in Figure 2, controller 14 can be configured to first or memory pattern in the zero crossing 36 of identification current waveform 34 (20a represents by signal), identification zero crossing 40 of voltage waveform 38 and the memory between definite zero crossing 36 and 40 differ 42.Memory differs 42, and can be stored in can be by storer 26 (see figure 1)s of controller 14 visit.In an illustrative embodiments, being stored in the phase angle difference of being remembered on the storer 26 can be in real time or near upgrading in real time.
After determining and storing the phase angle difference of being remembered 42, controller 14 can enter second or monitoring mode continuously or periodically (but normally relatively continually) monitor current determining from differing between the signal 24 of voltage sensor 22 and the monitored electric current ( signal 20a, 20b or 20c) so that determine between these two signals real-time poor whether with remembered differing and varying in size.
In addition, controller 14 also can be for example by calculating the size that the RMS current value is determined monitored phase current based on current waveform 34, so that determine the existence of indicating fault electric current.Determined size of current can be used for distinguishing undesired (fault) current level of normal current level and indicating fault status.
For making device indication fault of the present invention, the angle relationship of being remembered and monitored or the difference between the angle relationship must be in the specified angle scope in real time, and determined size of current must exceed the indicating fault current value of representing fault current, such as being 1200A in one embodiment.Utility system operator sets up the indicating fault electric current based on load condition and other system operating parameters usually.
In another embodiment, the characteristic of the current sensor waveform in some time interval of process can be used for discerning malfunction.For example, at the fixed time at interval (for example about 50 milliseconds) electric current speed of increasing (for example increase about 100 amperes or more) can be used for discerning the current potential fault.If this current characteristics can be declared the state of breaking down so succeeded by under electric current is reduced to such as 5 amperes minimum levels in such as another about 60 seconds predetermined time interval.In this embodiment, do not consider phase angle difference.
Return Fig. 1, controller 14 also can provide indicator signal 28 to be used for pilot guide 30 to represent malfunction.Indicator 30 can comprise light source, another visual detector or the audio indicator such as flash of light LED (per minute glimmers 30 times with indication fault).Indicator 30 can be arranged to next-door neighbour controller 14 and/or sensor 12a, 12b, 12c, perhaps has fault such as the suitable maintainer of warning and need carry out the centralized maintenance that may repair or the relevant position the service centre to fault.
In another embodiment, indicator signal 28 can be provided for monitoring and data acquisition (SCADA) system, and this system is associated with power network via remote terminal SCADA (RTU) 32.In this embodiment, controller 14 cuts out the SCADA contact with indication fault and startup remote monitoring.
In another embodiment, transmitting set 31 such as radio frequency or infrared transmitter is sent to the remote receiver (not shown) with indicator signal 28, such as being used to warn suitable maintainer the need repairing centralized maintenance of fault or the remote receiver at service centre place.Perhaps, this message can be sent to mobile, portable or cellular phone or be sent to message transfer service from transmitter 31.
Fig. 3 shows state Figure 44 of exemplary operation of the device 10 of the Fig. 1 that is used to carry out said method.Usually, the logical expression of Fig. 3 (and Fig. 4) constitutional diagram has been explained the transient loss (be to be less than about 5 minutes losing in one embodiment, and be the load current less than about 5A in one embodiment) of the load current that is different from long period outage (being above about 5 minutes in one embodiment).The indication of last situation needs the indicating fault cycle (that is, by indication that fault current indicator of the present invention provided) of (lasting) fault that continues of repairing and prolongation.
Install 10 1 initialization, controller 14 just enters normal operating state 46.As shown in arrow 47, device 10 powers up when voltage is applied to device 10, perhaps nonserviceables to remove afterwards and operates by the manual reset such as magnetic activates manual reset, can be with controller 14 initialization.The back one situation in, the technician use magnetic homing device or magnet manually reset (thereby initialization) device 10.Particularly, the technician pins homing device and presses close to about second of reset flag on this equipment.In one embodiment, the LED on this device illuminates with the indication reset state.Other embodiment comprises the different indications that resets.
Shown in 46 arrow 49, after also can stopping at the fixed time at interval, device enters normal condition 46 from malfunction identification from tripped condition 54 to normal condition.This predetermined time interval is about 10 hours in one embodiment.Usually, when entering normal condition, remember the phase angle difference of being remembered again.
If do not repair malfunction in the time of being distributed, then fault is instructed to and turns back to tripped condition 54 once more when device returns normal condition 46.
One enters normal condition 46, installs 10 with regard to current sensor, for example, and the electric current 18a among the lead 16a of Fig. 1.If this electric current is greater than predetermined minimum load current, this device will be remembered phase angle difference as described here so.Usually before the memory phase angle difference, controller allow any initial transient state decay to zero or near zero indicating fault status not.
If load current less than minimum load current, will not remembered phase angle difference so and controller 14 moves to idle condition 48 from normal condition 46.Should be appreciated that predetermined minimum current can require and/or the network operation parameter be set up based on the Systems Operator, and can adjustment after device is installed.Minimum load current predetermined in the embodiment that illustrates is about 5A.
If electric current is in whole idling cycle when being in idle condition 48 (for example being about 5 minutes in one embodiment) always less than predetermined minimum current, controller 14 enters idle low state 52 so.During the idling cycle of idle condition 48 and idle low state 52, device 10 is ignored can or be increased in network or remove feed line or the caused any unsettled load condition of load because of network startup, repairing.
At preset time at interval, device 10 is determined load currents, and if load current less than minimum load current then remain on idle low state 52.When electric current continues less than predetermined minimum load current, there is no need to activate device of the present invention.
When being in idle low state 52, if load current increases to greater than the minimum load current value, controller 14 enters maintenances (perhaps stablizing) state 53 so.Reach hold period (being 5 minutes in one embodiment) if electric current continues to surpass minimum load current, controller 14 withdraws from hold mode 53 and enters normal condition 46 so.If electric current does not all surpass minimum load current in whole hold period, controller 14 returns idle low state 52 by path 80 so.
One enters normal condition 46, and controller 14 is just remembered the angle relationship between current sensor and the reference voltage.Note, because the hold period that is associated with hold mode 53, when when hold mode 53 enters normal condition 46, not needing stable period usually.
Return idle condition 48, if electric current increase for any moment during idle condition 48 all greater than the minimum load current value, controller 14 moves on to idle high state 50 so.State 50 comprises the transient current decay of predetermined stable period (being about 2 seconds in one embodiment) to allow to be caused by the surge current such as motor starter.After stable period, controller 14 enters normal condition 46.But when entering normal condition 46, remembered in the phase angle difference between current sensor and the reference voltage on this access path.Because load current is only lost in of short duration transient period, so the supposition of this device does not cause the incident of the load current direction stream that need remember again to take place.For example, load current drops to and is less than 5 minutes under the 5A and may causes by starting transient phenomena such as load.
As mentioned above, usually remember phase angle difference once entering normal condition 46.After the memory phase angle difference, for instance, the load current on the phase conductor of controller monitoring such as phase conductor 16a.If the electric current of being monitored surpasses such as about 1200 amperes predetermined indicating fault size of current, and the phase angle (phase angle between load current and the reference voltage) of monitoring is in the phase angle of being remembered adds or deduct 75 degree in real time, and controller 14 enters the tripped condition 54 of indication forward faults state so.Device 10 of the present invention is not triped isolating switch usually with isolated fault, and provides indicating fault.Those skilled in the art recognizes that the indicating fault size of current can be provided with directional fault current indicator and sets up and/or can adjust after a while based on the Systems Operator, such as after device is installed.
When controller 14 was in tripped condition 54, if the level of current sensor drops under the predetermined minimum load current, this state can indicate load current to be removed to repair fault or to have opened automatic switch and attempted to remove fault so.In response to the load current that drops under the minimum load current, controller 14 enters idle condition 56, and idle condition 56 has about 5 minutes duration in one embodiment.
If electric current during whole idle condition 56 always less than minimum load current, (for example, activity owing to automatic switch), controller 14 enters tripping operation and waits for high state 58 (promptly so, device still is in tripped condition, but is waiting for big electric current (than the big electric current of minimum load current)).
If any moment electric current during idle condition 56 all surpasses minimum load current, controller 14 returns tripped condition 54 so.
When being in tripping operation and waiting for high state 58, if device senses the big electric current of indication load condition, such as the size of current bigger than minimum load current, controller moves on to recovery of normal load electric current and hold mode 60 so.
If electric current with hold period that state 60 (being also referred to as stable period) is associated in always greater than minimum load current, controller 14 returns normal condition 46 so.In one embodiment, maintenance or stable period are about 15 minutes.One enters normal condition 46, and device is just remembered phase relation again.
When the state 60 of being in, if electric current all surpasses the indicating fault size of current at any time, controller 14 returns tripped condition 54 via transduction pathway 62 so.
Device remains in tripped condition 54, causes controller 14 to be transformed into idle condition 56 under the minimum load current unless load current drops to.When taking place, fault starts the reset cycle (for example, starting timer).When the reset cycle finished, controller 14 automatic reset devices were to remove the tripped condition indication.Reset time is able to programme, is about 10 hours in one embodiment.Device returns normal condition 46 by path 49 when the reset cycle finishes in addition, and the phase angle between memory load electric current and the reference voltage again.
Under the situation that fault fails to remove in 10 hours cycle or repair, this cycle one stops and returns normal condition 46, just will detect once more and indication fault.Controller 14 returns tripped condition 54.
If removed or repaired malfunction before the fault reset cycle finishes, device can be by aforesaid magnetic reseting procedure manual reset so.
Fig. 4 shows state Figure 63 of exemplary phase relation memory pattern operation of the device 10 of Fig. 1.In one embodiment, memory pattern is in response to certain sense conditions and/or the self-starting in response to the initialize routine such as aforesaid resetting.Fig. 3 has described the various state exchanges that operation returned normal condition 46; In most of the cases, device memory or the phase relation between memory load electric current and the reference voltage again when normal condition 46 beginning.
In order to begin memory, controller 14 can enter and remain on little current status 68 at first and surpass minimum load current such as 5A until electric current.When size of current surpassed this value, controller 14 can enter the original sample state 66 of getting, with the phase angle difference between the phase angle of the phase angle of determining current sensor and reference voltage whether in predetermined test phase angle difference scope.Testing the phase angular region in one embodiment is about 10 degree.Can adjust trial stretch with reflection network operation parameter by the Systems Operator.When phase angle difference was in predetermined trial stretch, controller 14 entered remember condition 64 via path 67.If (being about 2 seconds in one embodiment) differs and remain in the test phase angle difference scope during remember condition 64, controller 14 is stored these phase angle differences and is entered memory completion status 70 so.
When being in remember condition 64, if the phase angle difference between the phase angle of the phase angle of current sensor and reference voltage surpasses test phase angle difference scope, controller returns the original sample state 66 of getting via path 72 so.
When being in remember condition 64, if load current drops under the minimum load current (for example, being 5A in one embodiment), controller returns little current status 68 so.
In the network electric power system, repair the time that fault may spend a couple of days, so the Systems Operator can send electric current until fault restoration from different sources.This source may produce the electric current opposite with sense of current before the fault.Device of the present invention is used to determine whether that by the phase angle difference between memory load electric current and the reference voltage and with this phase angle difference indication fault avoided this situation.
Reason particular power grid of the above-mentioned various time intervals (for example, retention time, stabilization time, reset time, free time) is determined and only is exemplary.Network operator or manufacturer can change the parameter of these times with the coupling particular network.Therefore these time intervals can be different in other embodiment of the present invention.
Although this paper illustrates and described various embodiments, clearly provide these embodiments as just example.For example, can predict, directivity fault detector as herein described can be used for underground and the overhead distribution net.Can make many modification, change and replacement, such as the above-mentioned time interval or current value size are changed.
Claims (31)
1. method that is used to discern the malfunction that is associated with the power line conductor of power distribution network, described method comprises:
Determine by load current that described lead delivered greater than the minimum load current value;
Determine the angle relationship of being remembered between described load current and the source signal;
Store the described angle relationship of remembering;
Determine the real-time angle relationship between described load current and the described source signal; And
Indicating fault status when described real-time angle relationship is in the angle of the predetermined value of the described angle relationship of remembering and when described load current exceeds the indicating fault current value.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described minimum load current value and described indicating fault current value are determined independently in response to the operating parameter of described power distribution network separately.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described source signal comprises AC voltage.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described AC voltage is independent of the voltage of described power line conductor.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out the described step of determining the described real-time angle relationship between described load current and the described source signal when described load current surpasses the indicating fault current value.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the step of waiting for stable period before the step of described definite described angle relationship of remembering.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the predetermined value of described angle is approximately ± and 75 degree.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of described indicating fault status also comprises and illuminates indicator and close one of SCADA contact or all.
9. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of described indicating fault status also comprises to the fault detector energising, and described method also is included in removing or repairs described fault afterwards automatically or manually to described fault detector outage.
10. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of described definite described real-time angle relationship also comprises:
If dropping to, described load current continues under the described minimum load current value then to start second round for greater than described minimum load current value through period 1 and increase subsequently; And
After finishing described second round, determine the described real-time angle relationship between described load current and the described source signal.
11. method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described period 1 and described stable period can be selected independently.
12. method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the described period 1 is about 5 minutes, and be about 15 minutes described second round.
13. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of the described angle relationship of remembering between described definite described load current and the described source signal also comprises:
Determine the initial value of the described angle relationship of remembering;
If described initial value then enters remember condition in test phase angular region;
If described initial value remains in the described test phase angular region during described remember condition, then described initial value is stored as the described angle relationship of remembering between described load current and the described source signal; And
If not in described test phase angular region, then return the described step of determining the described initial value of the described angle relationship of remembering at described initial value during the described remember condition.
14. method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the duration of described remember condition is about 2 seconds.
15. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, tripped condition is associated with the step of the described malfunction of described indication, and the step of the described malfunction of described indication also comprises:
Enter idle condition in response to dropping to the described load current under the described minimum load current value;
If described electric current with first idling cycle that described idle condition is associated in keep less than described minimum load current value, then enter tripping operation and wait for high state from described idle condition;
If described electric current increases to greater than described minimum load current value, then return described tripped condition from described idle condition during described idling cycle;
If described load current surpasses described minimum load current value, then keep after this carrying out described the determine step of described real-time angle relationship, the step of described definite described phase angle difference and the step of described indicating fault status through second round and definite subsequently described angle relationship of remembering from described tripping operation wait high state.
16. a method that is used to monitor the power line conductor of power distribution network, described method comprises:
Determine by load current that described lead delivered greater than the minimum load current value;
Determine the angle relationship of being remembered between described load current and the source signal;
After determining the described angle relationship of remembering, enter normal condition;
When being in described normal condition, if described load current drops under the described minimum load current value, then:
Enter first idling cycle;
If described load current increases to than the big value of described minimum load current value during described first idling cycle, then wait for stable period and return described normal condition;
If described electric current in described first idling cycle less than described minimum load current value, then:
Entering second idling cycle increases to surpassing described minimum load current value until described load current;
Increase to postponing first delay period at described load current above after the described minimum load current value;
After described first delay period, return the described step of determining the described angle relationship of remembering; And
After determining the described angle relationship of remembering, return described normal condition;
17. method as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that the duration of the duration of described minimum load current value, described first idling cycle, the duration of described second idling cycle and described first delay period is determined independently in response to the operating parameter of described power distribution network separately.
18. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, described source signal comprises AC voltage.
19. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, described normal condition also comprises:
Determine the load current size;
Determine the real-time angle relationship between described load current and the described source signal;
And wherein tripped condition comprises:
Indicating fault status when described real-time angle relationship is in the angle of the certain numerical value of the described angle relationship of remembering and when described load current size exceeds the indicating fault electric current.
20. method as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, also is included in the step that automatically resets to described normal condition after second delay period after the described indicating fault status step.
21. method as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, the angle of described numerical value is approximately ± and 75 degree.
22. method as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, the step of described indicating fault status also comprises and illuminates indicator and close one of SCADA contact or all.
23. a method that is used to discern the malfunction that is associated with the power line conductor of power distribution network, described method comprises:
(a) determine by load current that described lead delivered greater than the minimum load current value;
(b) determine angle relationship between described load current and the AC voltage;
(c) whether the variation of determining described fixed angle relationship compares the angle less than predetermined value with described fixed angle relationship; And
(d) and (c) and indicating fault status in response to described step (b).
24. method as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, the angle of described predetermined value is ± 75 degree.
25. a device that is used for discerning the directivity malfunction that is associated with the power line conductor of power network, described device comprises:
The first sensor that is used for the electricity condition of sensing lead;
Second sensor that is used for the sensing source signal;
Controller in response to described electricity condition and described source signal, described controller can be configured to first operator scheme of the phase relation between described electricity condition of memory and the described source signal, and whether the variation that can be configured to definite described electricity condition and described phase relation indicates second operator scheme in the malfunction of described first sensor position forward direction jointly, and wherein said forward direction is restricted to the sense of current from described first sensor; And
The indicator of indicating status by the control of described controller in response to malfunction.
26. the device shown in claim 25 is characterized in that, described electricity condition comprises load current, and described source signal comprises AC voltage.
27. the device shown in claim 26 is characterized in that, described first sensor comprises current transformer.
28. the device shown in claim 25 is characterized in that, also comprises the memory device that is used to store the phase relation of being remembered between described electricity condition and the described source signal.
29. the device shown in claim 25 is characterized in that, described indicating status comprises one or two in the closing of vision indication and electric contact.
30. the device shown in claim 25 is characterized in that, also comprises the homing device that can manually control with the described device that resets.
31. the device shown in claim 25, it is characterized in that the described electricity condition of common indicating fault status and the variation of described phase relation comprise the electricity condition that exceeds the indicating fault electricity condition and less than from approximately ± 75 variation of the described phase relations of degree of the phase relation of determining of being remembered during described first operator scheme.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/164,049 US7969155B2 (en) | 2007-07-03 | 2008-06-28 | Directional fault current indicator |
| US12/164,049 | 2008-06-28 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101614780A true CN101614780A (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200810213880 Pending CN101614780A (en) | 2008-06-28 | 2008-09-10 | Directional fault current indicator |
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| CN (1) | CN101614780A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102654551A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-05 | 三星电子株式会社 | Fault detection device and method for electrical appliance |
| CN102721900A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-10 | 珠海许继电气有限公司 | Method for detecting operation fault direction of distribution network |
| CN103109429A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2013-05-15 | Abb研究有限公司 | Fault parameter indicator device and related methods |
| CN103364685A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-23 | 珠海创能科世摩电气科技有限公司 | Current temperature on-line fault indicator and method for judging fault |
| CN104198956A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-12-10 | 凯立自动化有限公司 | Alternating-current power supply sensing device for automatically judging total number of elements to be detected and monitoring elements |
| CN109844548A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-06-04 | 斯马特科博有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for predicting the service life of connector |
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| CN103109429A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2013-05-15 | Abb研究有限公司 | Fault parameter indicator device and related methods |
| CN102654551A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-05 | 三星电子株式会社 | Fault detection device and method for electrical appliance |
| CN102654551B (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2016-08-24 | 三星电子株式会社 | Failure detector, electrical equipment and fault detection method |
| CN102721900A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-10 | 珠海许继电气有限公司 | Method for detecting operation fault direction of distribution network |
| CN102721900B (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2014-11-26 | 珠海许继电气有限公司 | Method for detecting operation fault direction of distribution network |
| CN103364685A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-23 | 珠海创能科世摩电气科技有限公司 | Current temperature on-line fault indicator and method for judging fault |
| CN103364685B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2016-06-29 | 珠海创能科世摩电气科技有限公司 | The online fault detector of current temperature and failure judgment method |
| CN104198956A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-12-10 | 凯立自动化有限公司 | Alternating-current power supply sensing device for automatically judging total number of elements to be detected and monitoring elements |
| CN104198956B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2017-04-12 | 宏荣国际股份有限公司 | Alternating-current power supply sensing device for automatically judging total number of elements to be detected and monitoring elements |
| CN109844548A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-06-04 | 斯马特科博有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for predicting the service life of connector |
| CN109844548B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2022-04-26 | 斯马特科博有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for predicting service life of a joint |
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