CN101549343A - Bivalves mechanization selection method - Google Patents
Bivalves mechanization selection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101549343A CN101549343A CNA2009101117505A CN200910111750A CN101549343A CN 101549343 A CN101549343 A CN 101549343A CN A2009101117505 A CNA2009101117505 A CN A2009101117505A CN 200910111750 A CN200910111750 A CN 200910111750A CN 101549343 A CN101549343 A CN 101549343A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bivalves mechanization selection method, which includes steps as follows: shocking to closed hull of the shellfish body; making the closed shellfish body pronunciation; using computer voice recognition technique to identify the sound; using a mechanization method to separate the shellfish body with anomaly sound; and storing the selection records for standby. The method has rapid and sensibility, wide adaptability, safety and reliability and the like advantages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of storage and process technology of aquatic products, particularly relate to a kind of mechanization selection techniques of bivalve shellfish.
Background technology
Bivalve shellfish is a most important classification in the aquatic products edible shellfish.Its output accounts for more than 60% of cultivated shellfish total output.The aquaculture management of the bivalve shellfish feed of simply need not throwing something and feeding, production cost is low, and the protein of shellfish meat is absorbed by human consumption easily, becomes a source of the animal protein supply of people's cheapness for a long time.It is individual unusually usually to be mixed with dead shellfish, mud shellfish and the cracked shellfish of housing etc. when most bivalve shellfish are gathered in the crops and in the circulation.These unusual shellfish bodies are not easy to identify generally speaking, cause easily occurring putrefactive odor in the cooking with batch other shellfish death in case sneak into, and produce harm when serious even to the eater.Therefore bivalve shellfish is gathered in the crops the back and all require to reject as far as possible above-mentioned unusual shellfish body before storage, processing or consumption, with the form preservation of the intact live body of shellfish or in market circulation.Relevant at present unusual shellfish selection method has hand picking, gravitational method sorting etc. several, but these methods are not widely used so far yet owing to the part that comes with some shortcomings separately.
Along with the continuous expansion of shellfish culture area, the further raising of shellfish culture technology, shellfish output is also increasing year by year.Meanwhile, along with the raising of people's living standard, food-safety problem comes into one's own day by day.Many places must be through the policy of purification and packing and additional label before all having put into effect the bivalve shellfish listing.Therefore press for the technology that effectively to reject above-mentioned unusual shellfish body more.The present invention is directed to this market demand and carry out, its achievement can remedy this deficiency of existing unusual shellfish body selection techniques on the one hand, to satisfy the demand of society.The present invention selects on the basis of mechanism research at unusual bivalve shellfish for many years in summary, adopt advanced shellfish body audio frequency vocal technique to combine the shellfish body is differentiated, with the advance of guaranteeing its cullers' technology and the rejecting effect of significant abnormal shellfish body with computer sound wave recognition technology.This technology can satisfy the requirement that gyp multiple bivalve shellfish is selected.
The selection method of unusual shellfish body has seawater to support the manual identification method temporarily in the existing bivalve shellfish, manually to strike sound method of identification, mud gravity floatation method etc. several.Wherein the foster temporarily manual identification method of seawater is after utilizing the shellfish that lives to stretch out the suction foot in seawater, to lean on people's visualization and press from both sides out intact shellfish body with tweezers, thereby reach the purpose of sorting.This method has certain rejecting effect, but can only carry out in the place that the seawater supply is arranged, owing to will lean on perusal and manual gripping, not only the efficiency of separation is hanged down and also caused omission easily simultaneously.In case and environment temperature when too low many shellfish bodies in seawater, still can not dehisce to stretch out the suction foot, will cause and can't select.In addition, because manual method efficient is low, the cost height is difficult to take this kind technology if need select in a large number.
Other method is bivalve shellfish manually to be struck sound identification select.This kind method must rely on manually to be operated one by one the shellfish body and discerns by ear to hear, so the efficiency of separation is also very low.Operated by the personnel of specialized training.Though this kind selection method can not be subjected to the influence of environment temperature, the efficient of selecting is still not high, and erroneous judgement occurs easily, is difficult to meet the needs of yet and carries out the occasion that shellfish selects in a large number.
Adopt mud gravity floatation method to realize selecting of unusual shellfish body in the bivalve shellfish, though can adopt half mechanically actuated, also can not be subjected to the dehisce influence of problem of shellfish difficulty under the low temperature, the mud shellfish that this method can only be bigger with density is picked out.But still can't reject for the unusual shellfish body of those dead shellfish, broken shell shellfish and ghost shellfishes etc. similar or littler to intact shellfish density alive.The occupation area of equipment of this kind method is bigger in addition, and product is subjected to the pollution of branch selected introductions matter such as mud easily.These shortcomings have also limited promoting the use of of this method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly select that effective, adaptability is wide, the higher bivalves mechanization selection method of automaticity.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
The present invention is a kind of bivalves mechanization selection method, and its step is as follows:
(1) bivalve shellfish after the cleaning raw shellfish is removed impurity or selected purification for use, size classification in case of necessity;
(2) raw shellfish being applied suitable vibrations impels the shellfish body to close the bivalve;
(3) will wait to select the shellfish body by mechanical means and sort, and, make it to sound by hard thing and the collision of shellfish body;
(4) gathering the shellfish body with audio sensor clashes into audio signal that hard thing sends and notes this audio signal with computer;
(5) with computer the audio signal that is obtained is carried out after Real time identification handles, the shellfish body of abnormal signal is sent separation command.
(6) after equipment receives the separation command that computer sends in the step (5), the servo control mechanism of forming by machinery and electronic devices and components is realized separating action immediately, isolates audio signal and unusual single or one group of shellfish body occurs.
(7) computer can be selected situation to the shellfish body and writes down automatically and add up, and retrospective data message is provided.
Hard thing described in the step (3) and shellfish body collision mode are: will wait to select the shellfish body by mechanical means and sort, and make it then one by one or several side by side drop on the plane of a hard objects from certain altitude, and make it to sound.
Hard thing described in the step (3) and shellfish body collision mode are: will wait to select the shellfish body with mechanical means and carry out single ordering, and press the certain orientation location, and one by one send into the district of knocking that this selects plant equipment; Knock pole pair this enters the selected position of knocking Qu Beiti and knocks by driving one, make it to sound.
Raw shellfish applied suitable vibrations impel the shellfish body to close the bivalve described in the step (2).
The described height of drop of step (3) is 1～10cm, and being hit the hard material amount is 100～500 times of shellfish physique amount, and material can be metal or non-metallic objectsit is not a metal object, and as hard objects such as granite, shape is little with specific area, and the little person of self vibration is advisable when being hit.
Audio sensor described in the step (4) adopts high sensitivity shotgun microphone, riding position impingement distance sounding point 1～10cm.
Computer signal processing method in the step (5) is that the characteristic signal will clash under this condition from the normal shellfish body of step (3) voice signal of gathering and the shellfish of the same race that prestores the time is compared the instantaneous result of determination that provides.
The described automatic record of step (5) is meant data storage and the processing capacity that makes full use of computer in selecting process with statistics, to selecting equipment commissioning date time, raw material lot number, unusual shellfish body separation case, even the phonetic analysis situation of unusual shellfish body writes down and statistical disposition, and the result data of selecting of every batch of raw material is offered processor's file for future examination or analyzes reference.
Described raw shellfish is located by certain orientation is meant a shell ligament that adopts attitude reference device to make each shellfish body towards predetermined the same side of horizontal direction, and the shellfish body is one by one sent into the district of knocking that this selects equipment with flat prone position attitude.
The described step of knocking is to drive one by sensitive detection parts such as photoelectric tube control to knock pole pair and enter the selected position of knocking Qu Beiti and knock.The dynamics of knocking should guarantee to make the shellfish body to produce knock clearly, knocks and does not produce cracked but the intensity of shell is enough to bear this.Can select the different dynamics of knocking for the bivalve shellfish of different cultivars through verification experimental verification.
The selected position of described shellfish body is meant the zone of the about 2～3cm of center diameter of first half shell surface when Bei Tiping crouches.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) rapid sensitive.The present invention has adopted and has made shellfish body pronunciation and utilize computer voice signal recognition technology to carry out bivalve shellfish and select, and therefore selects sooner than hand picking speed, highly sensitive, can satisfy the needs that unusual shellfish such as dead shellfish, mud shellfish and cracked shellfish separates simultaneously.
(2) wide adaptability.The present invention can adapt to selecting of multiple bivalve shellfish product.Relevant device is simple to operate, and floor space is little.These characteristics not only can be used this technology on shellfish results ground or shellfish purification enterprise, also can use in the shellfish process of circulation in the common market of farm produce.
(3) safe and reliable.Selecting process can not pollute shellfish body or surrounding environment.
In addition, because the enforcement of this technology can reduce dead shellfish, the mud shellfish in the shellfish commodity greatly and split the shell shellfish, and the possibility of sneaking into packing as foreign matters such as stones, therefore can prolong the storage life of packing back shellfish, impel the consumer more to take like a shot and adopt the shellfish commodity of packing listing, guaranteed shellfish consumer's personal safety and consumption quality simultaneously.This technology can improve the security of shellfish consumption in the market circulation in a word, has protected consumer's interests effectively and has kept the stable of social life.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is the method that a kind of bivalve shellfish machinery is selected, and mainly is to propose two kinds of different mechanical selection methods at general bivalve shellfish.
1, the bivalve shellfish machinery selection method that adopts whereabouts bump method pronunciation and differentiate, it comprises following processing step:
(1) cleans raw shellfish, remove impurity such as silt particle, also can directly use the shellfish after the purification.Raw shellfish size specification difference is above standby after the 30% suitable classifications.
(2) raw shellfish being applied suitable vibration impels the shellfish body to close shell.In this step, should note avoiding shatter shell.Shockproofness and duration should guarantee that also the shell phenomenon is appearring opening in the shellfish body by step (3) Shi Buhui simultaneously.The vibration measure that different shellfishes is taked is also different, generally can keep 3min not dehisce to get final product.
(3) will wait to select the shellfish body by mechanical means and sort, make it then one by one or several ground highly drop on the plane of a hard objects from 2～10cm.The quality of this hard objects is compared with the shellfish body with density should be enough big, and this object self produces the too big vibration and the sound when avoiding being subjected to clashing into.This object should have certain intensity to be enough to bear the bump of shellfish body and not produce cracked simultaneously.But height of drop is with the clear and legible cracked degree of being of shell that can not cause of the strike note that sends.
(4) for example adopt that sensitivity is not inferior to-38dB, frequency range: 100-16kHz, the sound that the high sensitivity microphone of signal to noise ratio＞60dB sends the shellfish body bump hard objects that step (3) obtains are transformed into the signal of telecommunication with its audio signal of computer recording.Must take measures in this step interference of strict control background noise is for example adopted shotgun microphone, closely means such as recording and timing recording.
(5) convert digital audio and video signals to after the audio signal that adopts computer that step (4) is obtained is handled in real time, the digital audio and video signals during with the normal shellfish body bump of the shellfish of the same race that prestores is compared.In case when finding to have significant difference, send instruction driving mechanism generation action by computer and reject.The bivalve shellfish that different cultivars or individual difference are bigger can be in advance through overtesting, and the corresponding digital audio and video signals sample record of preservation is differentiated and selected in computer.Also can pass through the optimizing computer software and hardware, equipment is designed to have the function of learning ability, again implement select work after allowing the equipment of this electromechanical integration that the audio frequency characteristics of the normal shellfish body that provides with the memory operation person is provided then and there.
(6) after equipment receives the rejecting action command that computer sends in the step (5), the servo control mechanism of forming by devices such as reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor and magnetic valves realizes that switch gate or water spray, action such as jet eliminate the unusual single or one group of shellfish body of audio frequency appearance immediately.The speed of this rejecting action should adapt with detected shellfish running body speed.
(7) this technology electromechanical integration shellfish of developing selects equipment even can also write down automatically and add up the quantity of defective shellfish body and the distribution of defective reason kind.For the quality condition of judging certain a collection of raw material provides reliable analysis data.
2, the bivalve shellfish machinery selection method that adopts the hammering method pronunciation and differentiate,, it comprises following processing step:
(1) enters next step after step (1) (2) processing by first method;
(2) will wait to select the shellfish body by mechanical means earlier and carry out single ordering, and adopt attitude reference device to make the predetermined side of a shell ligament of shellfish body towards horizontal direction then, the shellfish body is one by one sent into the district of knocking of this equipment with flat prone position attitude.
When (3) the shellfish body after locating through step (2) enters and knocks the district, drive a selected position (as the shell surface central area) of knocking this shellfish body of pole pair by the control of sensitive detection parts such as photoelectric tube and knock.The dynamics of knocking should guarantee to make the shellfish body to produce knock clearly, knocks and does not produce cracked but the intensity of shell is enough to bear this.Can select the different dynamics of knocking for the bivalve shellfish of different cultivars through verification experimental verification.
(4) following steps are undertaken by step [4] to the step [7] of first method.
Specific embodiments of the invention:
Example one: flower clam raw material drains through purified treatment or after removing silt and cleaning classification, in the hopper of load facility.After jolting 1～5 minute, conveying mechanism is divided into 5 one group with the shellfish body, and it is highly dropped on 15 * 15cm platform of being made by granite plates from 1～10cm simultaneously.Gather the strike note tone signal of sending when the shellfish body falls to stone plate surface with shotgun microphone from 1～10cm place far away.With computer real-time handle this signal and with one group that prerecords normally spend the strike note tone signal of clam to compare.Exist one group of shellfish body of significant difference to shift out normal channel voice signal by servo control mechanism, make it to enter the mechanism that selects one by one and select.Finally from this group shellfish body, reject defective shellfish.
Example two: clam is through purified treatment or drain standby after removing silt and cleaning classification.Clam is put into hopper jolt 1～5 minute, mechanism sends the shellfish body into the conveyer belt of a V-arrangement one by one with ordering, makes the shellfish mouth down.By attitude reference device shellfish opened the shell ligament towards back to a side of knocking bar.Preestablish beating point and be the center on the shell, adjust the dynamics of knocking.Gather the voice signal that sends when the shellfish body is subjected to knocking with shotgun microphone from 2～10cm place far away.Handle this signal and compare with computer real-time with the knock tone signal of the normal clam of prerecording.Exist the shellfish body of significant difference to move into unusual shellfish body passage voice signal by servo control mechanism, reject this defective shellfish.
Emphasis of the present invention just is: by clashing into the pronunciation of shellfish body and utilizing computer voice signal recognition technology to carry out bivalve shellfish and select.
The above, only be preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also can be used as multiple shellfish aquatic products selection method, so can not limit scope of the invention process with this, the i.e. equivalence of doing according to the present patent application claim and description changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of bivalves mechanization selection method is characterized in that: its step is as follows:
(1) bivalve shellfish after the cleaning raw shellfish is removed impurity or selected purification for use, size classification in case of necessity;
(2) raw shellfish being applied suitable vibrations impels the shellfish body to close the bivalve;
(3) will wait to select the shellfish body by mechanical means and sort, and, make it to sound by hard thing and the collision of shellfish body;
(4) gathering the shellfish body with audio sensor clashes into audio signal that hard thing sends and notes this audio signal with computer;
(5) with computer the audio signal that is obtained is carried out after Real time identification handles, the shellfish body of abnormal signal is sent separation command;
(6) after equipment receives the separation command that computer sends in the step (5), the servo control mechanism of forming by machinery and electronic device is realized separating action immediately, isolates audio signal and unusual single or one group of shellfish body occurs.
(7) computer can be selected situation to the shellfish body and writes down automatically and add up, and retrospective data message is provided.
2, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hard thing described in the step (3) and shellfish body collision mode are: will wait to select the shellfish body by mechanical means and sort, make it then one by one or several side by side drop on the plane of a hard objects from certain altitude, make it to sound.
3, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hard thing described in the step (3) and shellfish body collision mode are: will wait to select the shellfish body with mechanical means and carry out single ordering, press the certain orientation location, one by one send into the district of knocking that this selects plant equipment; Knock pole pair this enters the selected position of knocking Qu Beiti and knocks by driving one, make it to sound.
4, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: raw shellfish is applied suitable vibrations impel the shellfish body to close the bivalve described in the step (2).
5, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described height of drop of step (3) is 1～10cm, being hit the hard material amount is 100～500 times of shellfish physique amount, material can be metal or non-metallic objectsit is not a metal object, as hard objects such as granite, shape is little with specific area, and the little person of self vibration is advisable when being hit.
6, choosing of bivalve shellfish machinery choosing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the audio sensor described in the step (4) adopts high sensitivity shotgun microphone, riding position impingement distance sounding point 1～10cm.
7, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Computer signal processing method in the step (5) is that the characteristic signal will clash under this condition from the normal shellfish body of step (3) voice signal of gathering and the shellfish of the same race that prestores the time is compared the instantaneous result of determination that provides.
8, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described automatic record of step (5) is meant data storage and the processing capacity that makes full use of computer in selecting process with statistics, to selecting equipment commissioning date time, raw material lot number, unusual shellfish body separation case, even the phonetic analysis situation of unusual shellfish body writes down and statistical disposition, and the result data of selecting of every batch of raw material is offered processor's file for future examination or analyzes reference.
9, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described raw shellfish is located by certain orientation is meant a shell ligament that adopts attitude reference device to make each shellfish body towards predetermined the same side of horizontal direction, and the shellfish body is one by one sent into the district of knocking that this selects equipment with flat prone position attitude.
10, bivalves mechanization selection method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the selected position of described shellfish body is meant the zone of the about 2～3cm of center diameter of first half shell surface when Bei Tiping crouches.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107303566A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-31 | 北京工商大学 | The opening and closing mouthful sorting device of sound characteristicses is hit based on American pistachios physical arrangement |
| CN110046858A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏省人民医院（南京医科大学第一附属医院） | Article management system of disinfection supply center |
| CN112956458A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Device and method for improving collecting and catching quality of intertidal shellfish products |
-
2009
- 2009-05-07 CN CNA2009101117505A patent/CN101549343A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107303566A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-10-31 | 北京工商大学 | The opening and closing mouthful sorting device of sound characteristicses is hit based on American pistachios physical arrangement |
| CN110046858A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏省人民医院（南京医科大学第一附属医院） | Article management system of disinfection supply center |
| CN112956458A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-15 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Device and method for improving collecting and catching quality of intertidal shellfish products |
| CN112956458B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-06-03 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Device and method for improving collecting and catching quality of intertidal shellfish products |
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Application publication date: 20091007 |