CN101538626A - Method for directly producing nickel-bearing pig iron in rotary kilns by using laterite-nickel - Google Patents
Method for directly producing nickel-bearing pig iron in rotary kilns by using laterite-nickel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101538626A CN101538626A CN200910136195A CN200910136195A CN101538626A CN 101538626 A CN101538626 A CN 101538626A CN 200910136195 A CN200910136195 A CN 200910136195A CN 200910136195 A CN200910136195 A CN 200910136195A CN 101538626 A CN101538626 A CN 101538626A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for directly producing nickel-bearing pig iron in rotary kilns by using laterite-nickel, which is completed according to the following steps: firstly, laterite-nickel is added with dryers, then stirred uniformly and dewatered and dried; secondly, the mixture is broken up and added with reducing agents and particle ferronickel aggregation agents, mixed uniformly and then sent into the rotary kiln for reducing roasting; when the temperature is increased to about 1350 DEG C, the reduced metal ferronickel substantially carburates and is melted into liquid pig iron, and when the liquid pig iron is accumulated to certain amount, the rotary kiln stops rotation, the liquid pig iron is discharged from the opening of the kiln head and flows into a die, and then pig iron alloy is produced after the liquid pig iron in the die is cooled; and the slag is discharged from the kiln head and cooled and hardened by water. The method has the advantages of simple production, convenient operation, low energy consumption, low cost and high recovery ratio of nickel, and the produced nickel-bearing pig iron alloy can be directly used as the high-quality raw material for smelting stainless steel; and the method is applicable to laterite-nickel of various grades and various types.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the Non-ferrous Metallurgy field, particularly a kind of method of red soil nickel ore direct production nickel-contained pig iron.
Background technology:
Development along with society, the progress of science and technology, stainless steel is used widely in the world, and traditional nickel master metal will be extracted from nickel sulfide ore, but its resource can not satisfy needs of society, forces people to extracting metallic nickel in the red soil nickel ore that takes up an area of ball nickel resources about 80%.
The technology of extracting metallic nickel in the present red soil nickel ore in the world has three kinds.That is: thermal process, wet processing, fiery wet method combined process.Wherein thermal process is mainly blast furnace and rotary kiln-electrosmelting.Shortcoming is, the outer reducing and smelting ferronickel technology of stove not only requires the grade of red soil nickel ore to want high, and needs to consume a large amount of energy, and the silicon magnesium ratio of raw material is also had requirement.Wet processing, it is the sulfuric acid pressure leaching process, though realized suitability for industrialized production at present, but because it adopts condition of high voltage operation, equipment, scale, investment, operation control and ore grade, magnesium oxide etc. there is higher requirement, especially in sulfuric acid expensive today, extract metallic nickel with pickling process, cost height not only, and produce a large amount of waste liquids, can cause severe contamination to environment.Fire wet method combined process mainly is a raw ore reduction roasting-ammonia leaching technology, handles low-grade red soil nickel ore.But the rate of recovery is low, cost is high, has belonged to superseded technology.
Above-mentioned processing unit is not only invested greatly, energy consumption is many, and its ferronickel grade of producing is also lower.At present domestic have some areas to utilize the blast-furnace smelting Rhometal, and same the existence invested the shortcoming big, that tooling cost is high, and seriously polluted environment.
In first to file (patent publication No.: the process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore of Central South University's invention 200710034750.0), at first nickel oxide in the red soil nickel ore and rhombohedral iron ore prereduction are converted into metallic nickel and metallic iron or Z 250, utilize wet magnetic separation then, make ferronickel significantly enrichment the time, harmful elements such as gangue and sulphur, phosphorus are removed, and the ferronickel concentrate that at last prereduction is obtained carries out melting and reducing and prepares Rhometal.Smelting reduction process production that its production stage is: prereduction---magnetic separation---, its technology is complicated, tooling cost is higher, the energy consumption height of smelting ferronickel alloy, and the nickel grade of producing is not high, and economic benefit is lower, before particularly red soil nickel ore is gone into the rotary kiln reduction, meal must dry grinding, pressure ball oven dry again, and investment goods is big.
At first to file (number of patent application: the reduction of the dissimilar red soil nickel ores of Kunming Institute of Precious Metals's invention 200610163831.6)---mill treatment process, its production stage is: with the broken mill of red soil nickel ore, add carbonaceous raw material, composite additive mix grinding, become pelletizing with ball egg shaping mechanism, dry then, after adopting the rotary kiln reducing roasting, carry out slightly broken, after carrying out wet ball grinding then, adopt shaking table to carry out gravity treatment, the ferronickel concentrate that gravity treatment obtains adopts 3000-5000 Gauss's magnetic separator to sort, and just obtains high-grade ferronickel collective concentrate.Though the nickel grade is higher in the ferronickel concentrate that this method is selected, not the nickel-contained pig iron alloy, its complete processing is complicated, cost is higher, and the red soil nickel ore reduction still needs drying, and grinding accounts for 90% to 120 orders, reproduces the ball oven dry, and facility investment is still very big.
Foregoing invention is the complete processing complexity not only, and equipment is complicated, production cost is higher, the pelletizing of especially neutralizing, breeze and the coal ash that falls friction formation that constantly roll in kiln is being subjected under the oxygenizement of furnace gas, makes the red soil nickel ore powder generation (FeO) of partial reduction and the (SiO in the coal ash
2) form low-melting ferric metasilicate, produce the sticking kiln of high viscosity liquid phase, form the long thick ring formation of kliner coating, influence ordinary production.In addition, that uses in the foregoing invention receives salt additives, easily is reduced to be the steam effusion bed of material under the rotary kiln reductive condition, to cold zone condensation deposition, forms the sticking kiln of low melting point silicate with kiln lining, forms the long thick ring formation of kliner coating.Moreover foregoing invention, red soil nickel ore is reducing roasting in rotary kiln, through grinding, what magneticly elect is ferronickel fine ore rather than nickel-contained pig iron alloy, can not directly enter the electrosmelting stainless steel, also needs could smelt into Rhometal molten the branch through smelting furnace.
Summary of the invention:
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of red soil nickel ore direct production nickel-contained pig iron in rotary kiln, it has remedied red soil nickel ore reduction in rotary kiln at present, cooling, ball milling, the technologic defective of magnetic separation ferronickel fine ore, can obtain nickeliferous nickel-contained pig iron alloy of high grade, replace smelting furnace smelting ferronickel alloy technology.
The present invention is the method for a kind of red soil nickel ore direct production nickel-contained pig iron in rotary kiln, finishes according to the following steps: at first add siccative in red soil nickel ore, mix, red soil nickel ore is dehydrated; Above-mentioned compound fragmentation, add reductive agent and grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom then, mix; Again the above-mentioned material that mixes is directly sent into and carried out reducing roasting in the rotary kiln; The ferronickel oxide compound is reduced into sponge iron.When the kiln operation temperature is brought up to about 1350 ℃, the reductive sponge iron, just a large amount of carburizings, and be melted into the liquid ferronickel, when rotary kiln stops operating, liquid ferronickel to kiln hood opening is emitted, and flows at last in the mould, after the cooling, is the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.Slag is from the pure cooling of kiln hood drainage water.
The present invention has saved the equipment of equipment, milling equipment, pressure ball equipment and the dry pelletizing of oven dry red soil nickel ore, under equal industrial scale, project construction investment with have the related process investment now and compare, not only production technique reduces, environmental pollution also reduces, thereby the nickel-contained pig iron cost that production technique of the present invention is produced reduces significantly, has solved ring formation in the rotary kiln formidable kiln of a specified duration simultaneously, influences the difficult problem of ordinary production.
The present invention only needs to add the siccative drying in red soil nickel ore, broken back adds reductive agent, the grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom mixes, and can carry out reducing roasting, can obtain nickel recovery height, nickel nickel-contained pig iron of high grade after the reducing roasting.In addition, the present invention does not have excessive demand to the chemical ingredients of red soil nickel ore and the grade of nickel, is that all available explained hereafter of the present invention of nickel oxide ore or silicic acid nickel minerals goes out the higher-grade nickel-contained pig iron, and the grade of nickel can reach 15-18%, and the rate of recovery can reach more than 90%.
The present invention has the advantage that production technique is simple, easy to operate, Production Flow Chart is short, the energy consumption of having saved the smelting ferronickel alloy, and cost is low.The nickel-contained pig iron that the present invention produces can be directly as the stainless high quality raw material of electrosmelting.The rate of recovery height of nickel of the present invention is particularly compared with rotary kiln reduction magnetic separation ferronickel fine ore, has saved the cost of smelting ferronickel alloy, and economic benefit is considerable.The present invention is applicable to various grades and dissimilar red soil nickel ore reduction, has tangible economic benefit and social benefit.The nickel-contained pig iron alloy of producing can be directly as the high quality raw material of smelting stainless steel.The present invention is applicable to various grades and dissimilar red soil nickel ores.
Embodiment:
The present invention is the method for a kind of red soil nickel ore direct production nickel-contained pig iron in rotary kiln, finishes according to the following steps: at first add siccative in red soil nickel ore (being raw ore), mix.Described siccative is calcareous unslaked lime or magnesia unslaked lime, uses unslaked lime to make siccative, has been the effect of adjusting basicity.The consumption of siccative is the 5-10% of red soil nickel ore weight, the siccative of adding make red soil nickel ore dehydrate to humidity be weight in wet base 8-10%.Then the compound that dehydrates is broken into particle; Granular size is 5mm to the maximum.Add reductive agent and grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom again, mix.Described reductive agent is a carbonaceous reducing agent, adopts coal dust or coke powder.The weight of carbonaceous reducing agent is the 20-25% of raw ore weight.Described grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom is granular fluorine carbon cerium, monazite, szaibelyite and vermiculite, and the weight of grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom is the 3-9% of raw ore weight, and granular size is 5mm to the maximum.Wherein the weight ratio between fluorine carbon cerium, monazite, szaibelyite, the vermiculite is 4: 1.5: 1: 1.The effect of grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom is the liquid phase viscosity that reduces red soil nickel ore under the reduction temperature of red soil nickel ore and the high temperature, guarantee that red soil nickel ore can not produce sticking liquid phase, sticking kiln and form the long thick ring formation of kliner coating in rotary kiln, and improved reduction reaction speed, the grain nickel iron of highly dispersed around FeO gathered together, promote the grain nickel iron crystal to grow up, be gathered into big grain nickel iron, carburizing at high temperature forms molten iron, thereby improves the nickel grade and the rate of recovery.The above-mentioned material that mixes without grinding, make ball, oven dry, directly send into and carry out reducing roasting in the rotary kiln.The time of reducing roasting is 3-5 hour.The ferronickel oxide compound is through being reduced into spongy ferronickel, reduction temperature in rotary kiln is brought up to 1350-1400 ℃, the a large amount of carburizings of reductive sponge iron, and be melted into the liquid ferronickel, when rotary kiln stops operating, liquid ferronickel to kiln hood opening is emitted, and flows at last in the mould, after the cooling, be the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.The grade of its nickel can reach 15-18%, and the rate of recovery can reach more than 90%.(slag is from the pure cooling of burner drainage water).
Embodiment 1
(Ni 1.41% with the red soil nickel ore powder, Tfe 8.8%) mix drying thoroughly with the calcareous unslaked lime of 5% weight, be crushed to below the granular size 5mm, add the carbonaceous reducing agent of raw ore weight 20% and 7% grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom, mix, directly send into the rotary kiln reducing roasting, temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃, recovery time is 3 hours, the liquid nickel-contained pig iron of reductive is emitted to the kiln hood opening when rotary kiln stops operating, and the interior savings of the protruding circle container molten iron that flows to setting regularly is released in the mould, after the cooling, be the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.The nickel grade can reach 15.2%, and the rate of recovery of nickel reaches 90.1%.(slag is from the pure cooling of burner drainage water).
Embodiment 2
(Ni 1.68% with red soil nickel ore, TFe 10.2%) mix drying thoroughly with the calcareous unslaked lime of 7% weight, be crushed to below the granular size 5mm, the carbonaceous reducing agent that adds raw ore weight 22%, 8% grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom, mix, directly enter the rotary kiln reducing roasting, temperature is controlled at 1380 ℃, and the recovery time is 4 hours, the liquid nickel-contained pig iron that is reduced into, when stopping operating to the kiln hood opening, rotary kiln emits, the interior savings of the protruding circle container molten iron that flows to setting regularly is released in the mould, after the cooling, is the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.The nickel grade can reach 17.6%, and the rate of recovery of nickel reaches 90.5%.(slag is from the pure cooling of burner drainage water).
Embodiment 3
(Ni 1.76% with red soil nickel ore, TFe 11.0%) mix drying thoroughly with the magnesia unslaked lime of 6% weight, be crushed to below the granular size 5mm, the carbonaceous reducing agent that adds raw ore weight 25%, 6% grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom, mix, directly enter the rotary kiln reducing roasting, temperature is controlled at 1400 ℃, and the recovery time is 3 hours, the liquid nickel-contained pig iron of reductive, when stopping operating to the kiln hood opening, rotary kiln emits, the interior savings of the protruding circle container molten iron that flows to setting regularly is released in the mould, after the cooling, is the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.The nickel grade can reach 18.0%, and the rate of recovery of nickel reaches 92%.(slag is from the pure cooling of burner drainage water).
Claims (6)
1, the method for a kind of red soil nickel ore direct production nickel-contained pig iron in rotary kiln is finished: at first add siccative in red soil nickel ore, mix, red soil nickel ore is dehydrated according to the following steps; Above-mentioned compound fragmentation, add reductive agent and grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom then, mix; Again the above-mentioned material that mixes is directly sent into and carried out reducing roasting in the rotary kiln; The ferronickel oxide compound is reduced into sponge iron; When the kiln operation temperature is brought up to certain temperature, the reductive sponge iron, just a large amount of carburizings, and be melted into the liquid ferronickel, when rotary kiln stops operating, liquid ferronickel to kiln hood opening is emitted, and flows at last in the mould, after the cooling, is the nickel-contained pig iron alloy.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described siccative is calcareous unslaked lime or magnesia unslaked lime, and the consumption of siccative is the 5-10% of red soil nickel ore weight.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the compound after dehydrating is fractured into particle; Granular size is 5mm to the maximum.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described reductive agent is a carbonaceous reducing agent, adopts coal dust, coke powder, and the weight of carbonaceous reducing agent is the 20-25% of described red soil nickel ore weight.
5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom is granular fluorine carbon cerium, monazite, szaibelyite and vermiculite, the weight of grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom is the 3-9% of described red soil nickel ore weight, granular size is 5mm to the maximum, and wherein the weight ratio between fluorine carbon cerium, monazite, szaibelyite, the vermiculite is 4: 1.5: 1: 1.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature in the rotary kiln is controlled at 1350-1450 ℃, and the time of reducing roasting is 3-5 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910136195A CN101538626A (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2009-05-06 | Method for directly producing nickel-bearing pig iron in rotary kilns by using laterite-nickel |
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| CN200910136195A CN101538626A (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2009-05-06 | Method for directly producing nickel-bearing pig iron in rotary kilns by using laterite-nickel |
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| CN101538626A true CN101538626A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101967570A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-02-09 | 大同市和合新能源科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing ferro-nickel alloy from red soil nickel ore |
| CN102226232A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-10-26 | 广西银亿科技矿冶有限公司 | Method for processing laterite-nickel ore |
| CN103911561A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 朝阳鸿翔高新材料有限公司 | Low-phosphorus low-sulphur nickel-containing pig iron and its preparation method |
| CN105714009A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-06-29 | 余金铭 | Method and device for preparing ferronickel from laterite nickel ores |
| CN108220623A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of method for reducing RKEF technique ferronickel energy consumptions |
| CN110144470A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 李朝侠 | Lateritic nickel ore rotary kiln restores-blows smelting flow process |
| CN110735012A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-31 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | method for preparing ferronickel alloy raw material by electric furnace smelting with laterite nickel ore |
-
2009
- 2009-05-06 CN CN200910136195A patent/CN101538626A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101967570A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-02-09 | 大同市和合新能源科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing ferro-nickel alloy from red soil nickel ore |
| CN102226232A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-10-26 | 广西银亿科技矿冶有限公司 | Method for processing laterite-nickel ore |
| CN103911561A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 朝阳鸿翔高新材料有限公司 | Low-phosphorus low-sulphur nickel-containing pig iron and its preparation method |
| CN105714009A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-06-29 | 余金铭 | Method and device for preparing ferronickel from laterite nickel ores |
| CN108220623A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of method for reducing RKEF technique ferronickel energy consumptions |
| CN108220623B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Method for reducing energy consumption of RKEF process ferronickel production |
| CN110144470A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 李朝侠 | Lateritic nickel ore rotary kiln restores-blows smelting flow process |
| CN110735012A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-31 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | method for preparing ferronickel alloy raw material by electric furnace smelting with laterite nickel ore |
| CN110735012B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-05-11 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | Method for preparing electric furnace smelting ferronickel raw material by using laterite-nickel ore |
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Application publication date: 20090923 |