CN101477590A - Method and system for mechanical and electrical disassembly planning and disassembly information management - Google Patents
Method and system for mechanical and electrical disassembly planning and disassembly information management Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planning the disassembly of electromechanical products. The method comprises the following steps: the three-dimensional CAD model of a product is loaded, and data information of parts to be dismounted is read, thereby constructing the information graph model of feasibility for dismounting the product; the given dismounting precedence relation of partial components is judged and defined; with the combination of the defined dismounting precedence relation, the information graph model of dismounting practicability is solved by utilizing the integration algorithm of ant colony optimization, so as to obtain a product dismantlement scheme. The invention further discloses a corresponding system and a method for managing disassembly information of electromechanical products and a system thereof. The technical scheme of the invention is characterized in that the analysis and evaluation for planning performance can be realized through an intelligent optimization algorithms and part of human-computer interaction work, so as to help a designer to improve the product disassembly recyclability and prolong the traditional product design chain; and the process file of the dismantlement scheme is encapsulated By utilizing RFID label, so as to guide disassembly and recovery process of product when the life cycle is ended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the computer subsidiary product design field, relate in particular to a kind of electronic product dismounting planning, the method and system of dismounting information management based on ant group optimization theory and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, radio-frequency (RF) identification) technology.
Background technology
China is the consumption big country of electric equipment products, in recent years along with the high speed development of electronic enterprises, the quickening of electronic apparatus renewal speed, waste and old electric electric equipment products are also in a large amount of generations, and the coming years, China's waste and old electric electric equipment products every year will be with 15～25% speed increment.Because the waste and old electric electric equipment products have harmfulness and resource concurrently, are necessary very much to advance its renewable resources Study on Technology.Simultaneously, the progressively release of the rules (as RoHs, the WEEE etc. of domestic " electronics and IT products pollution control management way ", " discarded household appliances and electronic product pollution prevention technique policy " and European Union) of strengthening day by day and being correlated with of people's environmental consciousness, objectively also require the performance of electronic product manufacturing enterprise, research and applied environment close friend's dismounting recovery technology from the angle consideration product of product lifecycle.
The meaning of improving the detachable recyclability of product in Life cycle by relevant art is: 1) good detachable recyclability can make electric equipment products dismounting cheaply after the life cycle termination reclaim; 2) good detachable recyclability realizes that by new portion kernel component more reusing of product is also most important for some EOL (Endof Life, end-of-life) product.Such as the printer of famous Fuji-Xerox (Xerox) and the disposable camera of Kodak all is to be easy to dismantle the model who reclaims and reuse; 3) good detachable recyclability can make the EOL electric equipment products separate the parts that include harmful substances easily, thereby reduces the possibility of polluting; 4) good dismantling property also makes things convenient for the maintenance of product.
The detachable recyclability of product is mainly by the design decision of product, along with product Design of digital development platform is popularized in enterprise day by day, the dismounting recyclability of virtual product being analyzed and planned based on the three-dimensional digital platform in the product design stage is feasible method.With planning technology with develop relevant engineering application tool, can provide necessary base by the detaching products analysis on the research three-dimensional digital platform for enterprise's dismounting recyclability that the means of Aided Design and analysis improve product that uses a computer.Carry out detaching products analysis and planning based on three-dimensional CAD model and relevant information and assess the agility, cost, time etc. of detaching products by the Aided Design developer, for enterprise with lower cost, the short time is analyzed the work that improves the detaching products recyclability that very actual facilitation is arranged.Simultaneously, detaching products analysis that uses a computer auxiliary and planning instrument, the ancillary works technician dismantles analysis and plans also very useful product in the dismounting recovery operation after the product life cycle termination.
But, current domestic large-scale electronic apparatus manufacturing enterprise all also lacks the corresponding techniques means, digital model and information thereof by product come the detaching products recyclability is analyzed, be the method that lacks effective analytic product dismounting recyclability on the one hand, the design aids that also lacks this respect is simultaneously helped the dismantling property that product design team analyzed and improved product.
In past 20 years, obtained development fast based on the detaching products project study of computer technology.Its basic research thinking is: the optimizing algorithm of dismounting information model (the figure)+scheme of product.Generally speaking, main detaching products model is often expressed in the pattern space mode, optimizing algorithm is usually selected some heuritic approaches for use, as tabu search (Tabu Search), simulated annealing (Simulated Annealing), hereditary propagation algorithm (Genetic Algorithm) or the like.But traditional research theory and method exist tangible operability predicament, therefore are difficult to really be applied in the engineering practice.Its main cause is the Operating Complexity of method---all be to suppose the theoretical model of having set up the detaching products information model in the research mostly, the calculating that this has comprised all assemble/disassemble operation possibilities and performance lays particular emphasis on then from the validity and the theoretical completeness of the angle research algorithm of theory deduction.And in the practical project, such work is along with the raising of the product complexity difficulty very that will become---along with parts and operate multifarious increase, this dismounting structure of models will become the growth of geometric series formula, thereby make the efficient of finding the solution of algorithm significantly reduce.Therefore, the predicament on the operability has constituted the huge challenge to current research theory (having comprised detaching products planning and assembling planning) is studied and technology is used.
Further probe into this problem, the dismounting planning comes down to an engineering technology problem that depends on people's knowledge and experience.Present theoretical research is mostly to be to attempt to come this problem of automatic calculation by setting up complete mathematical theory, but since lack can be effectively to the description mechanism of product information (constraint information), people's knowledge and experience, even and all be very large by the calculated amount that the mode of geometrical calculation is obtained the product section restriction relation, this is the immediate cause that causes the predicament of present research theory (method) on engineering feasibility.
At the predicament in the detaching products project study at present, except overcoming with the various enhancement mode searching algorithms of further exploration by the information model of setting up the property revised, combining to the process of setting up of product information model with to the searching process of optimization solution, the guidance by heuristic strategies in search procedure progressively perfect information model also is an important feature of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The method and system that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of electronic product dismounting planning, dismounting information management are to solve the problems referred to above that state of the art exists.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention proposes a kind of electronic product dismounting planing method, and this method may further comprise the steps:
Be written into the three-dimensional CAD model of product, read the parts data message that needs dismounting, thereby make up the dismounting feasibility hum pattern model of product;
The known dismounting precedence relationship of part parts is judged and defined;
In conjunction with defined described dismounting precedence relationship, utilize the integration algorithm of ant group optimization theory that described dismounting feasibility hum pattern model is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product.
In the above-mentioned electronic product dismounting planing method, the described integration algorithm that utilizes the ant group optimization theory is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product to dismounting feasibility hum pattern model and specifically be may further comprise the steps:
S201, the parts of dismantling according to need produce the ant group;
S202, the ant group placed the root node position of DFIG model;
Ant k among S203, the ant group according to as shown in the formula probability P
k(r, s) select the next node s that will move to from present node r:
Wherein, and τ (r, s) expression moves to the pheromones of s from r; η (r, s) expression moves to the heuristic information of s from r; J
k(r) represent the set of paths that next ant k might go from current position r; F
k(r) expression ant k can be from the some set that r leaves for feasibility be designated the set of the point of TRUE;
If S204 ant k is first ant that arrives present node r, then changes step S205, otherwise change step S208;
S205, calculating heuristic information and heuristic vector:
The route of supposing current ant k is
Traveled through N-1 node, promptly dismantlement scheme has been finished N-1 operation and all feasible; If the next node that ant k will shift to, the feasibility of its disassembling section is judged to FALSE, and then (r is 0 s) to heuristic information η; Otherwise heuristic vector is [111...1] under the status of curr-path, and total N position is 1, and has:
Heuristic information η has characterized from root node to present node α
iThe performance performance of this partial sequence, on the numerical value meaning, be directly proportional, with total process time Time with completed workload N
ProcessBe inversely proportional to, with the job costs Cost (α of disassembling section
i, j) be inversely proportional to; λ represents the controlled variable of control algolithm speed of convergence;
S206, search DFIG model according to the position r of current ant k, calculate its follow-up node set J
k(r), for J
k(r) each node s in calculates the dismounting feasibility under current sequence, and stores relevant information and data in each node;
S207, according to the result of calculation of step S206, increase new node to DFIG, the feasible node in all nodes will be formed F
k(r), become next step both candidate nodes that moves of ant k;
S208, ant k are according to current mobile probability P
k(r s) analyzes, if probability P
k(r s)=0, then starts the suicide escape mechanism of ant k; Otherwise ant k is according to probability P
k(r s) moves to next node s, and beginning repeating step S204;
If S209 ant k has finished a complete search course, then the searching process of current ant k is judged, if ant k is last ant of carrying out search mission among the current ant group, then carries out end condition and judge; Otherwise activate next ant repeating step S203;
S210, end condition comprise two: the one, whether reach default ant group evolutionary generation and population size; The 2nd, whole ant group's search has realized the convergence to optimal case; Satisfy the search that any one condition all stops the ant group, otherwise produce ant group of new generation, the operation of repeating step S202.
Above-mentioned electronic product dismounting planing method, described ant suicide escape mechanism is specially: when ant k finished part path T ' (k) after, if the node set J that next might go
k(r) in, the operation possibility of all nodes sign is FALSE, and then (k) will to become empty set be P to T '
k(r, s)=0, the route searching of ant can't continue, then commit suiside on the spot, and the feasibility of present node operation is changed to FALSE again.
In the above-mentioned electronic product dismounting planing method, after the described dismantlement scheme that obtains product, also comprise:
Put each " material time-key position " data chainning of parts in the described dismantlement scheme in order, and generate the dismounting simulating sports scene of product according to described data chainning by the animation algorithm.
Technical scheme of the present invention also proposes a kind of application electronic product dismounting approaches to IM of electronic product dismounting planing method as mentioned above, and this method is described further comprising the steps of after obtaining the dismantlement scheme of product:
By the exchanges data buffering, with dismounting feasibility hum pattern model, the three-dimensional CAD model of described product and the dismantlement scheme that obtains, import default dismounting technology template, carry out after data object reforms the dismounting technical papers output of making product;
Described dismounting technical papers is packaged in the RFID tag of described product, is used for dismounting removal process at life cycle termination back guide product.
Technical scheme of the present invention proposes a kind of electronic product dismounting planning system in addition, and this system comprises:
The dismounting information model makes up module, is used to be written into the three-dimensional CAD model of product, reads the parts data message that needs dismounting, thereby makes up the dismounting feasibility hum pattern model of product;
The precedence relationship collection modules is used for the known dismounting precedence relationship of part parts is judged and defined;
The dismantlement scheme generation module in conjunction with defined dismounting precedence relationship, utilizes the integration algorithm of ant group optimization theory that described dismounting feasibility hum pattern model is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product.
In the above-mentioned electronic product dismounting planning system, also comprise:
Dismounting animation generation module is used for by putting each " material time-key position " data chainning of described dismantlement scheme parts in order, and according to the dismounting simulating sports scene of described data chainning by animation algorithm generation product.
Technical scheme of the present invention continues to propose a kind of application electronic product dismounting information management system of electronic product dismounting planning system as mentioned above, and this system also comprises outside each module of described electronic product dismounting planning system:
The technical papers output module, be used for by the exchanges data buffering,, import default dismounting technology template dismounting feasibility hum pattern model, the three-dimensional CAD model of described product and the dismantlement scheme that obtains, after carrying out the data object reformation, make the dismounting technical papers output of product;
Dismounting information package module is used for described dismounting technical papers is packaged in the RFID tag of product, with the dismounting removal process at life cycle termination back guide product.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes virtual product is dismantled the analysis and the assessment of planning performance by the man-machine interaction work of intelligent optimization algorithm and part, can help the product design personnel to improve the dismounting recyclability of product, prolong traditional product design chain; And utilize the RFID label that the dismantlement scheme technical papers of product is encapsulated, thereby can be when life cycle terminates the dismounting removal process of guide product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system embodiment structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a method embodiment process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the comprehensive derivation algorithm logical schematic based on the ant group optimization theory;
Fig. 4 carries out perfect schematic diagram of mechanism to the dismounting information model for the individuality of population in random search procedure.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a system embodiment structural drawing of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the electronic product dismounting planning system of present embodiment comprises: the dismounting information model makes up module 11, be used to be written into the three-dimensional CAD model 15 of product, read the parts data message that needs dismounting, thereby make up dismounting feasibility hum pattern (Disassembly Feasibility Information Graph, the DFIG) model of product; Precedence relationship collection modules 12 is used for the known dismounting precedence relationship of part parts is judged and defined; Dismantlement scheme generation module 13 in conjunction with defined dismounting precedence relationship, utilizes the integration algorithm of ant group optimization theory that described DFIG model is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product; Dismounting animation generation module 14 is used for by putting each " material time-key position " data chainning of described dismantlement scheme parts in order, and according to the dismounting simulating sports scene of this data chainning by animation algorithm generation product.
In addition, for the electronic product dismounting information management system of using above-mentioned dismounting planning system, in Fig. 1 of present embodiment, also comprise: technical papers output module 16, be used for by the exchanges data buffering, with DFIG model, the three-dimensional CAD model of product and the dismantlement scheme that obtains, import default dismounting technology template, carry out after data object reforms the dismounting technical papers output of making product; Dismounting information package module 17 is used for and will dismantles the RFID label that technical papers is packaged in product, to instruct the dismounting removal process of this product after the life cycle termination.
Use the electronic product dismounting planning of the invention described above system embodiment and dismantle approaches to IM as shown in Figure 2, may further comprise the steps:
S201, in system, be written into the three-dimensional CAD model of product, read the parts data message that needs dismounting, thereby make up the DFIG model of product;
S202, the known dismounting precedence relationship of part parts is judged and defined;
The designer judges the dismounting precedence relationship between some particular type parts according to the design experiences to some concrete structure/parts, can remove the complicated calculations of system from, thereby improves efficient of finding the solution and the engineering feasibility that improves final plan.
As mentioned above, the judgement of the dismounting precedence relationship of this step S202 promptly refers to by the practical experience of designer's long-term accumulation the dismounting precedence relationship between the parts of concrete structure/component be judged.This comes down to utilize expertise to a kind of judgement of restriction relation between each parts in product structure information and the product.For example suppose product A ssembly={A, B, C, D, E} is if defined dismounting precedence relationship Precedence={A → B, C → D} then in the planning process to the dismounting sequence of product, has only met precedence relationship and has concentrated separating of all conditions just to do further feasibility and optimize judgement.This has reduced complexity of calculation in the planning process to a great extent, has removed the work of finding the solution that allows system carry out dismounting relation between these parts from, not only can significantly improve the efficient of finding the solution, and can also improve the engineering feasibility of final plan.
The obtaining and disposing of S203, key parameter;
Automatically read the related data of product, and by the correlation parameter of interactive mode configuration-system optimization analysis with automatic computing function.Mainly comprised " parameter of algorithm " that is used for the computation optimization process and be used for synchronization monitoring, demonstration or preserve " the system supplymentary parameter " that can characterize computation process state data message etc.
S204, utilize the integration algorithm of ant group optimization theory the DFIG model to be found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product;
Computer based is in automatic analysis and calculation mode, progressively carry out evolution by intelligentized ant colony optimization algorithm with based on interference analysis on the three-dimensional CAD platform and path planning algorithm to the optimization dismantlement scheme of product, and the detaching products scheme that is optimized at last.This is the mechanism of a dynamic parallel, optimization searching is calculated with the work that dynamically generates product component dismounting information and is complemented each other: in early days based on stage of breadth first search, intelligentized ant group carries out random search on solution space, simultaneously in its search neighborhood, the dismounting information of product is extracted (by carrying out based on interference analysis on the three-dimensional CAD platform and path planning algorithm), and and then improve the dismounting information model of product step by step; In the stage of later stage based on deep search, the detaching products scheme of intelligentized ant group by on the perfect product DFIG model of having constructed, obtaining to optimize.The ant colony optimization algorithm of this step S204 will further be described in detail in the explanation of subsequent figure 3.
S205, generate the dismounting simulating sports scene of product by the animation algorithm;
According to the dismantlement scheme data that in the automatic computation process of step S204, write down, the data chainning of each " material time-key position " of parts in the arrangement dismantlement scheme, and, make the dismounting simulating sports scene of product by the animation algorithm with the key value of interpolation algorithm in this data chainning motion simulation.
S206, output disassembly technical papers;
By the exchanges data buffering, with DFIG model, the three-dimensional CAD model of described product and the dismantlement scheme that obtains, import default dismounting technology template, carry out after data object reforms the dismounting technical papers output of making product.
S207, will dismantle the technical papers data encapsulation and go in the RFID label of product.
The dismounting technical papers that generates among the step S206 is packaged in the RFID label of electronic product, is used for instructing the dismounting removal process of described product in life cycle termination back.
Among the dismounting planing method embodiment of the invention described above electronic product, set up the DFIG model, and the dismounting analysis of product and planning problem have been become optimum path search problem on the DFIG model.Can characterize all schemes of problem as solution space with the DFIG model, between the scheme of solution space and practical problems, set up simultaneously mapping relations one to one, when guaranteeing theoretical completeness, have the characteristics of brief refining again concurrently, for the prioritization scheme that uses heuristic intelligentized algorithm to find the solution problem provides the foundation.And the DFIG model makes up in its search neighborhood when the ant group carries out the solution space random search synchronously.
Among the method embodiment of the invention described above, the used ant colony optimization algorithm of step S204 is consistent with traditional ant colony optimization method, promptly mainly comprised colony's initialization as shown in Figure 3, three parts of ant group's parallel random search and system update, concrete steps are as described below.
S301, at first produce an ant group, set total evolutionary generation and the population size of ant group;
S302, the ant group is placed root node (Start Point) position of DFIG model, this will be as the reference position of whole ant group hunting;
S303, in ant group's searching process, each is all carrying out the task of random search as the ant of intelligent body (Artificial Agent), be again separate and concurrent working each other simultaneously, each ant is all carried out search mission according to transition probability criterion at random.
Ant k among S304, the ant group is according to probability P
k(r s) selects the next destination node that moves;
Ant k among S305, the ant group according to as shown in the formula probability P
k(r, s) select the next node s that will move to from present node r:
In the following formula, (r s) is illustrated in the pheromones that moves to s from r to τ; η (r, s) expression moves to the heuristic information of s from r; J
k(r) represent the set of paths that next ant k might go from current position r; F
k(r) expression ant k can be from the some set that r leaves for, and its feasibility is designated the set of the point of TRUE; α is the heuristic factor of information, and β is the heuristic factor of expectation, and they have determined pheromones and the influence power of heuristic information to selecting, and get α=1 usually in ant colony optimization algorithm, β=2～5.
If ant k is first ant that arrives present node r, promptly in the search procedure of ant k, the DFIG model on its moving direction is imperfect, and the activity of then calculating heuristic information can activate the structure process of DFIG model immediately, enters step S306; Otherwise enter step S310.
S306, calculating heuristic information (Heuristic Information);
Heuristic information (being designated as η) has been represented the feasibility and the excellent degree of corresponding scheme on art-recognized meanings, having expressed the usefulness (having comprised feasibility and excellent degree) of dismantlement scheme integral body in the physical sense, is the bridge that detaching products planning problem and pure optimized Algorithm are connected.Heuristic information is relevant with disassembling section order and running cost, the present invention designs heuristic informations by two steps: at first define heuristic vector (Heuristic), characterize the basic status information of ant k mobile route by it, promptly write down the feasibility of sequence node (disassembling section) with vectorial Heuristic; Secondly, obtain the heuristic information η of current operation by the disassembling section sequence that Heuristic write down.Specifically describe as follows:
The route of supposing current ant k is
, traveled through N-1 node, promptly dismantlement scheme has been finished N-1 operation and all feasible.If the next node that ant k will shift to, the feasibility of its disassembling section is judged to FALSE, and then (r is 0 s) to heuristic information η.Otherwise heuristic vectorial Heuristic (k) is [111...1] under the status of curr-path, and total N position is 1, then has:
η has characterized from StartPoint to present node α
iThe performance performance of this partial sequence, on the numerical value meaning, be directly proportional, with total process time (Time with completed workload (the dismounting degree of depth) N
Process) be inversely proportional to, with the job costs (Cost (α of disassembling section
i, j)) be inversely proportional to.λ represents the control corresponding parameter in the formula, with the speed of convergence of control algolithm.
S307, calculate heuristic vector (Heuristic);
Heuristic vector has characterized the basic status information of the mobile route (having expressed corresponding disassembling section scheme) of ant k, and promptly with the feasibility of vectorial Heuristic record sequence node (disassembling section), it is expressed as Heuristic (k) among the step S306.
S308, search dismounting feasibility hum pattern model according to the position r of current ant k, calculate its follow-up node set J
k(r), for J
k(r) each node s in calculates the dismounting feasibility under current sequence and store relevant information and data (disassembling section information) in each node.
In this step, the calculating of dismounting feasibility is under the three-dimensional CAD platform, definition J
k(r) vector space of each node s moving direction when dismounting is the assembling coordinate system of product and the coordinate system of s itself in, the dismounting motor pattern of setting s is translation, sets the moving step length (length that expression s moves each position) of s and the step number (the total mobile number of times of expression s) that moves simultaneously.Being judged as of dismounting feasibility: 1) select a coordinate system (coordinate system of assembling coordinate system or s itself), from its director space set { X, Y, Z ,-X ,-Y, moving direction of selection among the-Z}; 2) along the moving direction of selecting, move a step-length, judge the interference conflict (the three-dimensional CAD platform has the function/function of interfering conflict to be judged, among the present invention this function package is become a path planning instrument) of current location.Move if do not interfere then continue; If discovery is interfered then is withdrawed from current moving direction and select next moving direction; 3) if complete successfully mobile step number and not interference, determine that then the dismounting feasibility of s is TRUE along some moving directions; 4) if all can't find the path of not having interference in two coordinate systems, determine that then s can not dismantle under current state, promptly its dismounting feasibility is FALSE under current dismounting sequence.
S309, according to the result of calculation of step S308, increase new node to DFIG.Feasible node in these nodes will be formed F
k(r), become next step both candidate nodes that moves of ant k;
S310, ant k are to according to current mobile probability P
k(r s) analyzes, if probability P
k(r s)=0, then starts the suicide escape mechanism of ant k, enter step S311, otherwise ant k is according to probability P
k(r s) moves to next node s, and beginning repeating step S304.
The suicide of S311, ant (Suicide) escape mechanism;
Ant among the present invention among the ant group has the peculiar property that is different from traditional ant colony optimization method, i.e. the escape mechanism of ant individuality in search procedure---the suicide of single ant.When ant k finished part path T ' (k) after, if the node set J that next might go
k(r) in, the operation possibility of all nodes sign is FALSE, and then (k) will to become empty set be P to T '
k(r, s)=0, then the route searching of ant can't continue, then commit suiside on the spot, and the feasibility of present node operation is changed to FALSE again.This is to consider that the dismounting planning problem of product is different with traditional traversal path problem, the mechanism of setting up according to the own characteristics of problem especially (promptly dismantle a certain locational parts disassembling section can not realize that then this sequence is just infeasible in the sequence).It provides one to interrupt escape mechanism to single ant on the one hand; The feedback mechanism of this feasibility information has also been simplified the quantity of feasible node in the DFIG model on the other hand, and the search by reconfiguring of DFIG figure being inspired the ant group is to improve efficient.
If S312 ant k has finished a complete search course, then the searching process of current ant k is judged.If ant k is last ant of carrying out search mission among the current ant group, then enter step S313, judge to carry out end condition, otherwise activate next ant repeating step S303.
S313, end condition are judged;
In ant group's search procedure, end condition is associated with two factors: the one, and whole big cycle index (evolutionary generation that the ant group is total and population size); The 2nd, whole ant group's search has realized the convergence to optimal case.The satisfied search that all can stop the ant group of each condition, otherwise system produces ant group of new generation, the operation of repeating step S302.
If the S314 system does not satisfy the described end condition of step S313, then system produces ant group of new generation, the operation of repeating step S302.
Be that application example further is illustrated method embodiment of the present invention among Fig. 2 with certain model C RT televisor below, concrete step is as follows:
S201, in system, be written into the digital model of product, read relevant parts data message, and the DFIG model of construction product.
S202, definitional part precedence relationship.
By the designer according to the design experiences of controlling oneself to some concrete structure/parts, dismounting precedence relationship between some particular type parts is judged, the complicated calculations of system be can remove from, thereby efficient of finding the solution and the engineering feasibility that improves final plan improved.For the television product in the application example, simple parts dismounting precedence relationship relatively more directly perceived is " the left and right audio amplifier of televisor → televisor Y plate ", " televisor Y plate → deflection coil ", " deflection coil → anti-magnetized coil ".
The obtaining and disposing of S203, key parameter.
" parameter of algorithm " can change along with the concrete situation of product to be processed, is mainly the parameter of ant colony optimization algorithm---total ant group algebra (20 generation) and ant group's population size (50); The basic parameter of parts disassembly path planning instrument---the total mobile route step number (maximum 120 steps) and the step-length (the step-length interval is 0.5cm～2cm, has adopted in the computation process and has initiatively adjusted mode to improve the degree of accuracy of Calculation results) in each step." system supplymentary parameter " is mainly the running status of the user's appraisal procedure or the system of investigation and offers help.Such as selecting option " whether to show the process of improving of dismantling hum pattern " (being), " whether midway interrupt and export ant group state " (denying) etc.
S204, by analyze and plan the dismantlement scheme of product based on the comprehensive derivation algorithm of ant group optimization theory.
The framework of algorithmic system promptly as shown in Figure 3.Computer based is in automatic analysis and calculation mode then, progressively carry out evolution by intelligentized ant colony optimization algorithm with based on interference analysis on the three-dimensional CAD platform and path planning algorithm to the optimization dismantlement scheme of product, and the detaching products scheme that is optimized at last.This is the mechanism of a dynamic parallel, and optimization searching is calculated with the work that dynamically generates product component dismounting information and complemented each other:
In early days based on stage of breadth first search, intelligentized ant group carries out random search on solution space, in its search neighborhood, the dismounting information of product is extracted (by carrying out based on interference analysis on the three-dimensional CAD platform and path planning algorithm) simultaneously, and progressively improve the dismounting information model of product.Fig. 4 has illustrated that the individuality in the population carries out perfect mechanism to the DFIG model in random search procedure, and as shown in the figure, it is in ant group hunting process, along the field of ant group hunting, to the DFIG model construct, expansion and perfect.The DFIG model has only a root node (Startpoint) when beginning, and along with the expansion of ant group hunting, according to their track, along its direction of search, the node on the neighborhood can be generated, fills and join in the DFIG model.Suppose that the path that current ant k finishes is Tour (Li), and it is first ant that arrived this position, according to following step: 1) calculate the subsequent node set J of present node r
k(r); 2) for each node s, calculate the dismounting feasibility (based on the path planning instrument of CAD platform) under current sequence, relevant information and the data (disassembling section information) of storage in node increase node and enter DFIG; 3) the feasible node in these nodes will be formed F
k(r), become next step both candidate nodes that moves of ant.Therefore, although ant k has only carried out a position and moves in this course, also searched and these results (neighborhood node) also are added in the DFIG model neighborhood in its path.And it is most important to constructing product DFIG model fast to carry out this search mechanisms by whole ant group.
In the stage of later stage based on deep search, the detaching products scheme that intelligentized ant group optimizes by the acquisition on the perfect detaching products hum pattern model of having constructed.Last again with reference to user's knowledge and experience, determine last engineering proposal or the detachable performance of product is made assessment.By actual computation, the ant group is 0.77 to " optimum " Scheme Selection ratio (recommendation degree).Concrete scheme is: the left and right audio amplifier of television rear cover → televisor → televisor Y plate → television main plate → deflection coil → anti-magnetized coil → kinescope → TV set front frame.
S205, make dismounting emulation demonstration animation.
According to the dismantlement scheme data that in the automatic computation process of step S204, write down, each material time---the data chainning of key position of parts in the arrangement dismantlement scheme, and, make the dismounting simulating sports scene of product by the animation algorithm with the key value of interpolation algorithm in this data chainning motion simulation.
S206, technology output.
By the exchanges data buffering, with product DFIG model related data, product three-dimensional CAD solid model data, detaching products scheme data or the like, import dismounting technology masterplate object, carry out after data object reforms, the dismounting technical papers of making product is for output.Determined after the relevant dismantlement scheme, can directly export relevant dismounting sequence information to the process chart file, and then the detaching products technique information of artificial supplementation part etc. is to be compiled into complete detaching products process program.
S207, the detaching products process chart that generates and other related data are packaged in new product the RFID label in, in order to dismounting removal process at product life cycle termination back guide product.
In sum, the method and system of electronic product dismounting planning of the present invention, dismounting information management have following several major advantage:
1) in design phase of product, based on the three-dimensional CAD platform, realize virtual product is dismantled the analysis and the assessment of planning performance by the man-machine interaction work of intelligent optimization algorithm and part, can help the product design personnel to improve the dismounting recyclability of product, this has prolonged traditional product design chain;
2) the dismounting analysis of product and planning problem are become optimum path search problem on the DFIG model, for the prioritization scheme that uses heuristic intelligentized algorithm to find the solution problem provides the foundation, and the DFIG model makes up in its search neighborhood when the ant group carries out the solution space random search synchronously;
3) proposed the suicide escape mechanism of individual (ant), and the ant group energy is enough in search procedure the DFIG model is carried out intelligent yojan, makes the random search process can to find the solution the optimal case of problem efficiently;
4) the precedence relationship set that proposes to set up between the parts and guides ant group's search with the restrictive information in the enhanced products DFIG model, thereby quickens to find the solution and improve the engineering feasibility of scheme;
5) by the exchanges data buffering, undertaken making the dismounting technical papers after data object is reformed by detaching products information model related data, product three-dimensional CAD solid model data, detaching products scheme data etc., and it is packaged in the RFID label of new product, in order to dismounting removal process at product life cycle termination back guide product.
Be applied in detaching products analysis and evaluating system with the inventive method and system's corresponding techniques based on the Pro/Engineer platform---in the design and development of DisExpert system.DisExpert is country " 863 " plan---" the renewable resources research of green specificity analysis of household appliances and typical component " (2004AA420120) project and national 11th Five-Year science and technology support plan---, and " electronic product Green Design technology and application " be a functional subsystem of the Product Green Design plateform system of the support of project (2006BAF02A02).The development platform of application system is Microsoft Visual Studio.Net, uses the C Plus Plus exploitation and as independently third party's instrument issue of PTCPro/Engineer wildfire CAD platform.The present invention fully combines the demand of present domestic relevant enterprise, can effectively assist the dismounting recyclability of Aided Design personnel based on products C AD model and relevant information analysis-by-synthesis assessment product, and formulate detaching products and reclaim process program.When optimizing product design, can also be in the dismounting removal process of product life cycle termination back guide product.
Traditionally, owing to lack practical technical tool, planning is analyzed in the dismounting of product needs the technician in design department and the commerical test department to cooperate and repeatedly communication, feedback, with the task that finally fulfils assignment.For example, dismounting analysis and the evaluation work of finally finishing the air-conditioning fan system on technology and the operation flow needs 7 working days at least.And adopt technical scheme of the present invention, by three-dimensional objects digitizing dismounting planning application platform, carry out the digitizing dismounting analytical work of product by interdepartmental integrated team, its mode of operation can be operated in a large amount of detaching products analyses and l-G simulation test on the product development workstation and finish, thereby can be compressed to 3 working days the working time of reality.This working method can provide large-tonnage product dismounting information to determine suitable detaching products scheme with the dismantling property of Aided Design personnel rapid evaluation product, perhaps finds the not enough improvement of preparing against, thereby reduces the detaching products planning experiments number of times that need carry out.Therefore, utilize digitization tools provided by the invention, can optimize the workflow of product design on the one hand, also can shorten the work period on the other hand and save cost from the thought of concurrent engineering.
More than be preferred forms of the present invention, according to content disclosed by the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can expect some identical, replacement schemes apparently, all should fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of electronic product dismounting planing method is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Be written into the three-dimensional CAD model of product, read the parts data message that needs dismounting, thereby make up the dismounting feasibility hum pattern DFIG model of product;
The known dismounting precedence relationship of part parts is judged and defined;
In conjunction with defined described dismounting precedence relationship, utilize the integration algorithm of ant group optimization theory that described dismounting feasibility hum pattern model is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product.
2, electronic product as claimed in claim 1 dismounting planing method is characterized in that, the described integration algorithm that utilizes the ant group optimization theory is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product to dismounting feasibility hum pattern model and specifically be may further comprise the steps:
S201, the parts of dismantling according to need produce the ant group;
S202, the ant group placed the root node position of DFIG model;
Ant k among S203, the ant group according to as shown in the formula probability P
k(r, s) select the next node s that will move to from present node r:
s∈F
k(r)
Wherein, and τ (r, s) expression moves to the pheromones of s from r; η (r, s) expression moves to the heuristic information of s from r; J
k(r) represent the set of paths that next ant k might go from current position r; F
k(r) expression ant k can be from the some set that r leaves for feasibility be designated the set of the point of TRUE;
If S204 ant k is first ant that arrives present node r, then changes step S205, otherwise change step S208;
S205, calculating heuristic information and heuristic vector:
The route of supposing current ant k is
Traveled through N-1 node, promptly dismantlement scheme has been finished N-1 operation and all feasible; If the next node that ant k will shift to, the feasibility of its disassembling section is judged to FALSE, and then (r is 0 s) to heuristic information η; Otherwise heuristic vector is [111...1] under the status of curr-path, and total N position is 1, and has:
Heuristic information η has characterized from root node to present node α
iThe performance performance of this partial sequence, on the numerical value meaning, be directly proportional, with total process time Time with completed workload N
ProcessBe inversely proportional to, with the job costs Cost (α of disassembling section
i, j) be inversely proportional to; λ represents the controlled variable of control algolithm speed of convergence;
S206, search DFIG model according to the position r of current ant k, calculate its follow-up node set J
k(r), for J
k(r) each node s in calculates the dismounting feasibility under current sequence, and stores relevant information and data in each node;
S207, according to the result of calculation of step S206, increase new node to DFIG, the feasible node in all nodes will be formed F
k(r), become next step both candidate nodes that moves of ant k;
S208, ant k are according to current mobile probability P
k(r s) analyzes, if probability P
k(r s)=0, then starts the suicide escape mechanism of ant k; Otherwise ant k is according to probability P
k(r s) moves to next node s, and beginning repeating step S204;
If S209 ant k has finished a complete search course, then the searching process of current ant k is judged, if ant k is last ant of carrying out search mission among the current ant group, then carries out end condition and judge; Otherwise activate next ant repeating step S203;
S210, end condition comprise two: the one, whether reach default ant group evolutionary generation and population size; The 2nd, whole ant group's search has realized the convergence to optimal case; Satisfy the search that any one condition all stops the ant group, otherwise produce ant group of new generation, the operation of repeating step S202.
3, electronic product as claimed in claim 2 dismounting planing method is characterized in that described ant suicide escape mechanism is specially: when ant k finished part path T ' (k) after, if the node set J that next might go
k(r) in, the operation possibility of all nodes sign is FALSE, and then (k) will to become empty set be P to T '
k(r, s)=0, the route searching of ant can't continue, then commit suiside on the spot, and the feasibility of present node operation is changed to FALSE again.
4, electronic product as claimed in claim 1 dismounting planing method is characterized in that, also comprises after the described dismantlement scheme that obtains product:
Put each " material time-key position " data chainning of parts in the described dismantlement scheme in order, and generate the dismounting simulating sports scene of product according to described data chainning by the animation algorithm.
5, a kind of application electronic product dismounting approaches to IM of electronic product dismounting planing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method is described further comprising the steps of after obtaining the dismantlement scheme of product:
By the exchanges data buffering, with dismounting feasibility hum pattern model, the three-dimensional CAD model of described product and the dismantlement scheme that obtains, import default dismounting technology template, carry out after data object reforms the dismounting technical papers output of making product;
Described dismounting technical papers is packaged in the RFID tag of described product, is used for dismounting removal process at life cycle termination back guide product.
6, a kind of electronic product dismounting planning system is characterized in that this system comprises:
The dismounting information model makes up module, is used to be written into the three-dimensional CAD model of product, reads the parts data message that needs dismounting, thereby makes up the dismounting feasibility hum pattern model of product;
The precedence relationship collection modules is used for the known dismounting precedence relationship of part parts is judged and defined;
The dismantlement scheme generation module in conjunction with defined dismounting precedence relationship, utilizes the integration algorithm of ant group optimization theory that described dismounting feasibility hum pattern model is found the solution the dismantlement scheme that obtains product.
7, electronic product dismounting planning system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that this system also comprises:
Dismounting animation generation module is used for by putting each " material time-key position " data chainning of described dismantlement scheme parts in order, and according to the dismounting simulating sports scene of described data chainning by animation algorithm generation product.
8, a kind of electronic product dismounting information management system of using as electronic product dismounting planning system as described in the claim 6 is characterized in that this system also comprises outside each module of described electronic product dismounting planning system:
The technical papers output module, be used for by the exchanges data buffering,, import default dismounting technology template dismounting feasibility hum pattern model, the three-dimensional CAD model of described product and the dismantlement scheme that obtains, after carrying out the data object reformation, make the dismounting technical papers output of product;
Dismounting information package module is used for described dismounting technical papers is packaged in the RFID tag of product, with the dismounting removal process at life cycle termination back guide product.
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