CN101442663A - Method, apparatus and system for implementing network television business - Google Patents
Method, apparatus and system for implementing network television business Download PDFInfo
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- CN101442663A CN101442663A CN200710194833.6A CN200710194833A CN101442663A CN 101442663 A CN101442663 A CN 101442663A CN 200710194833 A CN200710194833 A CN 200710194833A CN 101442663 A CN101442663 A CN 101442663A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
- H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
- H04N7/17336—Handling of requests in head-ends
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
- H04L65/611—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for multicast or broadcast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/34—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications involving the movement of software or configuration parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/44008—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving operations for analysing video streams, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in the video stream
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
- H04N21/466—Learning process for intelligent management, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/4667—Processing of monitored end-user data, e.g. trend analysis based on the log file of viewer selections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/47—End-user applications
- H04N21/482—End-user interface for program selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing network television service, which comprises the following steps: a user terminal acquires and saves program property information for decoding network television programs from a network side; and the user terminal receives multi-cast message data of a network television and decodes the multi-cast message data according to the saved corresponding program property information. The invention also discloses a method for realizing the network television service at the network side as well as a device and a system for realizing the network television service. The proposal of the invention can reduce the time delay of terminal program receiving or channel switching in the network television service.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of the computer network, implementation method, device and system that particularly a kind of Web TV (IPTV) is professional.
Background technology
To add television set with set-top box be terminal, with broadband IP as transmission technology, based on audio-visual service, to be that the Web TV (IPTV) of one is professional caused paying close attention to of operator in recent years for collection instant messaging, recreation, information service.
In the competition of IPTV and other television services,, will become the considerable factor that IPTV obtains advantage to consumer's height expectation and satisfying of Quality of experience (QoE) requirement.There are some different characteristics in IPTV with common radio and television, cable TV, satellite television.In traditional television system, the program of all channels is sent on the terminal simultaneously, when the user selectes channel by remote controller (selection when comprising start, switching channels etc.), special when the user is switched, terminal can switch to the channel of appointment soon and play the TV programme of this channel; In the IPTV system, because the restriction of the incoming end network bandwidth, make and can not be simultaneously the program of all channels to be sent to terminal, have only the content of the channel that the active user watches just can be transmitted to terminal, therefore when the selected program of user switches as carrying out channel, usually after needing to wait for that multicast group adition process and multicast data flow forward direction transport process are finished, just can see the program of the channel of asking.If this section stand-by period is long, can make the user feel the inconvenience of using, reduce user's satisfaction.From the investigation result to IPTV user, the user can accept 1 second with interior channel switching time.
Industry has two kinds for the transformat of IPTV at present, a kind of is direct real-time streaming protocol (RTP) transmission of internet stream media alliance (ISMA) definition, another is to inherit Motion Picture Experts Group (Moving Picture Experts Group, MPEG) MPEG-2 of definition transmission stream (TS) transformat of coming from digital television transfer.Effectively solve RTP buffering ordering and the synchronous problem of audio/video owing to spread delivery of energy with TS, make the time decreased of switching channels, therefore better customer experience is provided, and all is the transformat that adopts based on TS stream in actual at present test and commercial IPTV system.Below be that example describes with the normal MPEG-2 TS form that adopts.
MPEG-2 TS form is to carry out normalized definition in the components of system as directed ISO/IEC of Moving Picture Experts Group-2 13818-1, this specification description how will look, the basic stream of audio frequency and other data is combined into one or more code stream standards of storing or transmitting of being suitable for, Fig. 1 is the rough schematic view figure of MPEG-2 system.
Digital signals such as Voice ﹠ Video flow (ES) substantially through each self-forming of compressed encoding, this substantially stream can not directly store or transmit, also it must be sent to specific subsystem (or claiming packing device), basic stream is divided into paragraph by certain form, and adds specific banner word formation Packet Elementary Stream (PES).The head of PES includes stream attribute information, and can discern this PES by this is video or audio frequency, or data; The out of Memory such as length that also comprise bag in the PES head.Behind packing device formation PES bag, signal is multiplexed into two kinds of dissimilar code streams and sends into channel, a kind of program stream (PS) that cries, and a kind of crying transmitted stream (TS).Program stream is suitable for error free environment, can be used for the program material that stores and reset by digital storage medium, as DVD; Transmit stream and be useful in the environment that is easy to generate error, more suitable for broadcasted application, so all selecting for use, general program transmission transmits stream, below TS stream is highlighted.
PES flows in the multiplexer (MIX), is divided into the bag of regular length one by one, is called transmission package (TS bag), and the data flow of being made up of transmission package is called transmission stream (TS stream).The structure of TS bag as shown in Figure 2, long 188 bytes of TS bag, be divided into packet header and payload, the packet header of TS bag provides the information about the transmission aspect, for example, added synchronously, had zero defect, sign such as scrambling whether, it is video, audio frequency or the auxiliary data that belongs to which program stream that the packet header of each transmission package all has an identifier (PID) to identify this TS bag.
The multiplexing program multiplexing (ProgramMultiplex) that is called that generally will belong to the multichannel TS stream of same program, the digital TV programme of the many covers of the interior transmission of the conventional channel of being everlasting in practice are called the multiplexing of multi-channel program or transmit multiplexing (Transport Multiplex).Wherein program multiplexing has common time reference; Transmitting multiplexingly then can have independently time reference each other.In the multiplexer of multi-channel program, at first every programs is multiplexed into TS stream by a plurality of program multiplexing devices, and then each TS stream further being multiplexed into one tunnel total Polymera TS stream by the system transmissions multiplexer, channel encoder is again delivered on the corresponding channel at last.
Thereby in order to allow the decoder of receiving terminal can know which essential information stream belongs to certain program specific PES is carried out demultiplexing, must periodically add the relation between the pid value that additional information illustrates that available program and the essential information of forming them flow in transmitting stream, this information is called " program characteristics information ".These customizing messages also are the form periodically transmission in transmitting stream with the TS bag, and two the most frequently used program characteristics information are Program Association Table (PAT, Program Association Table) and Program Map Table (PMT, Program Map Table).
Fig. 3 has provided the schematic diagram of a PAT, lists the PID that has described all Program Map Tables among the PAT, and Program Association Table uses a predefined pid value 0X000 to transmit.Fig. 4 has provided the schematic diagram of a PMT, PMT define one group with a relevant pid value of program that may comprise audio frequency, video and various data.Each program has a Program Map Table PMT corresponding with it, and one group of pid value is arranged among the PMT, and each pid value is corresponding to a PES in this program.
In Digital Television, all program characteristics information all must repeat regularly, thereby make new start or carry out terminal that channel switches and can transmit stream according to the program characteristics information interpretation and carry out correct decoding.MPEG-2 does not have the repetition rate of prescribed program characteristics information, determine by program provider oneself, high repetition rate can make the program capture time after channel switching or the start faster, but high repetition rate also means the ratio reduction that is used to transmit programme content in the transmission current capacity.
Fig. 5 has provided the procedure chart that the general channel that uses switches in the existing IPTV system, suppose that the active user is just at viewing channel 1, set-top box in the home network is just in the multicast data flow of receiving channels 1, the user wants and will switch to channel 2 from channel 1, then needs to realize that by following flow process this channel switches:
Step 501: when the user triggers when channel 1 switches to channel 2 by remote controller, set-top box generates supports Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to leave the group report, the multicast group at channel 1 place is left in requirement, and described IGMP is left the group report issue home gateway (HG, Home Gateway).Home gateway is Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) normally.
Step 502: home gateway will send ＂ particular group qualification inquiry ＂ message, to determine not having other main frames to belong to that multicast group that firm application is left in this network after receiving that ＂ IGMP leaves group report ＂ message in home network.
Step 503: home gateway is after waiting for a period of time, if during this period of time do not receive group membership's ＂ membership qualification report ＂ message, just think on this network segment that this group membership has not existed, this moment home gateway can stop forward direction transmitting multicast data flow and upstream router send IGMP and leave the group report.The described stand-by period is by the maximum response time in the group membership query messages (RTime) decision, if do not need to inquire about other group member then can not wait for.
Step 504: after set-top box transmission ＂ IGMP left group report ＂, it can then send a ＂ IGMP adding group that requires to add channel 2 and report that ＂ is to home gateway.
Step 505: home gateway is the member who belongs to this multicast group as long as this network segment does not have other local terminal after receiving this IGMP adding group report, and it just will send IGMP adding group and report to the upstream gateway router.After upstream gateway router (GWR, Gateway Router) was received and joined request, other multicast routers that can be in access network be sent ＂ adding group report ＂, set up multicast path by.If the existing member who belongs to this multicast group of this network segment, then home gateway is transmitted the multicast data flow of this multicast group a this user's of giving set-top box.
Step 506: the multicast data flow of channel 2 correspondences according to the multicast path of being set up by, the forwarding by each multicast router and home gateway arrives set-top box.
According to above-mentioned switching mode, a time delay that importance is the search programs characteristic information in the channel time delay for switching.The program characteristics information of each channel and the audio/video/data of this program stream are multiplexed into transmission in the TS stream together, thereby the program characteristics information in the search TS of the terminal equipment elder generation stream obtains the audio/video/data of this program flows pairing PID, from TS stream, filter out audio/video/data stream respectively according to PID again, again the audio/video/data flow point is not given the output of decoding of audio decoder, Video Decoder and data decoder at last.
According to existing IPTV implementation, need wait until catch and the program characteristics information (PAT, PMT) of having decoded after just can carry out the decoding of audio frequency, video and data, can increase channel switching time and cause the channel inconsistency of switching time, influence user's subjective feeling.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention proposes the implementation method of a kind of IPTV, can reduce the channel time delay for switching.
The implementation method of a kind of network TV business that the embodiment of the invention proposes comprises the steps:
User terminal obtains and preserves the program characteristics information that is used for the decoding network TV programme from network side;
User terminal receives the multi-cast message data of Web TV, according to the described multi-cast message data of program characteristics information decoding of the correspondence of being preserved.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses the implementation method of a kind of network TV business of network side, comprise the steps:
The media function entity is from the Media Stream of program source program receiving content correspondence, and described Media Stream is forwarded to corresponding multicast ip address as multi-cast message data;
The EPG server is received the request from user terminal, and channel, multicast ip address and the corresponding program characteristics information of the program of this user-accessible is sent to described user terminal.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of network TV terminal, comprising:
The program characteristics information acquisition unit was used for before the receiving group message data, obtained the program characteristics information of the described multi-cast message data that is used to decode from network side;
The Data Receiving unit is used to receive the multi-cast message data of Web TV;
Decoding unit is used for the program characteristics information obtained according to described program characteristics information acquisition unit, the multi-cast message data that the described Data Receiving of decoding unit is obtained.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of electronic program guides (EPG) server, comprising:
The program characteristics information memory cell is used for programs stored characteristic information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address;
Transmitting element is used for according to the request from user terminal, and program characteristics information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address that described program characteristics information memory cell is stored send to user terminal.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of media function entity, comprising:
Receiving element is used to receive the Media Stream from the programme content correspondence of program source;
The program characteristics information acquisition unit, the Media Stream that is used for receiving from described receiving element obtains program characteristics information;
The Media Stream retransmission unit, the Media Stream that is used for that described receiving element is received is forwarded to corresponding multicast ip address;
The program characteristics information transmitting unit is used for the program characteristics information that described program characteristics information acquisition unit is obtained is sent to other network entity.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of network television system, comprise the EPG server that is used to provide electronic program guides, media function entity and the program source that is used to transmit the pairing Media Stream of programme content, described media function entity obtains program characteristics information from the Media Stream from program source, and described program characteristics information is sent to described EPG server;
Described EPG server is used to store the program characteristics information of being received, according to the request from user terminal, the program characteristics information of being stored is sent to user terminal.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, user terminal receives and preserves the program characteristics information of channel in advance; After switching to certain channel, terminal is directly decoded to the data message of receiving according to the program characteristics information of being preserved, and has saved the time of obtaining program characteristics information from TS stream, can improve the speed that channel switches.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the rough schematic view of existing MPEG-2 system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of TS bag;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of a Program Association Table;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a Program Map Table;
Fig. 5 is the procedure chart that the general channel that uses switches in the existing IPTV system;
Fig. 6 is first embodiment of the invention imports programme televised live in the IPTV system programme information register flow path figure;
Fig. 7 watches the handling process of IPTV program for the first embodiment of the invention user;
Fig. 8 receives the schematic diagram of TS stream when watching the IPTV program for user in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the program characteristics information refresh flow of first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is second embodiment of the invention imports programme televised live in the IPTV system programme information register flow path figure;
Figure 11 is the handling process that the user of second embodiment of the invention watches the IPTV program;
Figure 12 is the program characteristics information refresh flow of second embodiment of the invention;
The IPTV terminal that Figure 13 proposes for third embodiment of the invention;
The EPG server that Figure 14 proposes for fourth embodiment of the invention;
The media function entity that Figure 15 proposes for fifth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Though the present defined IPTV framework of each normal structure is some difference a little, but all have electronic program guides (EPG) server entity to be responsible for program navigating in framework, user terminal is realized quick retrieval and visit to program by visit EPG server.User terminal is shown to the user after inserting the IPTV system after the EPG server obtains programme information.Embodiment of the invention scheme is expanded the EPG server exactly, program characteristics information also is arranged in the EPG server, after user terminal inserts the IPTV system, obtain program characteristics information from the EPG server, programme content in the multicast data flow of being received according to the program characteristics information decoding that is obtained, and need not search program characteristics information from multicast data flow.
First embodiment of the invention: based on the realization of the IPTV of MPEG-2 TS stream.
In the present embodiment, on the EPG server except the list information of preserving current programme televised live, also need to preserve for each program and be used for the program characteristics information that terminal is decoded to program, the coding class and the rank information such as (profile-level-id) that are included in pairing separately pid information in the TS stream and allow terminal be correctly decoded needed coded format, to be adopted, the program characteristics information of being preserved can be organized according to table 1:
Table 1
When in the IPTV system, importing program, need the process of carrying out the programme information registration to the EPG server, promptly will be in the program characteristics information table in the EPG server, increase multicast ip address corresponding to this new-programme, TS flow port number and program characteristics information.Pairing multicast ip address of program and TS flow port number generally can manual the whole network unified distributions, program characteristics information, comprise sound/look/pid information and parameter information frequently, can obtain the back from program provider inserts by hand, report after also can utilizing the media function (MF, Media Function) of finishing media conversion and distribution function in the IPTV system to detect.
Fig. 6 has provided embodiment one imports programme televised live in the IPTV system programme information register flow path, comprises the steps:
Step 601: application server (AS) increases by one road programme televised live under the control of consistency operation, at first sends Indication message to MF, and indication MF receives the pairing TS stream of new-programme, and requires MF to feed back program characteristics information in this TS stream; Simultaneously can be with unified distribution transmit the employed multicast ip address of this program and port numbers is handed down to MF in the IPTV network internal.
Step 602:MF receives the pairing TS stream of new-programme from program source, according to multicast ip address and port, this TS circulation is dealt into corresponding multicast group, and to search for PID in the described TS stream be 0 pat table, thereby obtain the PID of the pmt table of the pairing program of current TS stream; PID according to pmt table searches for pmt table in TS stream again, thereby obtains the program characteristic informations such as the pairing PID of sound, video and caption stream, code/decode format and parameter of this program;
Step 603:MF reports AS with the pairing PID of sound, video and caption stream and the program characteristic informations such as code/decode format and parameter of this program in the pmt table;
Step 604:AS sends Indication message to the EPG server, indication need increase by one road programme televised live in the rendition list, in Indication message except can carrying relevant program description such as channel, also comprise the program characteristics information of this program that the employed multicast ip address of this program of transmission, port numbers and MF report, comprise the pairing PID of sound, video and caption stream and code/decode format and parameter;
After step 605:EPG server is received the Indication message of AS, increase a program item in the information list of being preserved, and in table, add information such as program item, multicast ip address, TS flow port, PID, code/decode format and parameter according to Indication message, add successfully the back and respond the OK response message to AS.
By carrying out above-mentioned flow process, for any programme televised live, preserved the relevant information of this programme televised live on the EPG server, the user can watch this program afterwards.
The handling process that the user of embodiment one watches the IPTV program comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 7
Step 701: the IPTV system is inserted in user terminal start back, to the AS application authentication;
Step 702:AS carries out authentication according to the user's information in userspersonal information's service function (UPSF) entity;
Step 703: after authentication was passed through, AS returned the address information of EPG server to user terminal;
Step 704: user terminal sends the request of application EPG information according to described address information to the EPG server;
Step 705:EPG server is confirmed the program that the user can visit according to the user profile among the UPSF;
Step 706: all live television programmings that have authority to watch for the user, the EPG server is except sending to program list information the user terminal, also descriptor such as channel, multicast ip address and the program characteristics information with these programs of being preserved sends to user terminal, here adopt Session Description Protocol (SDP, Session Description Protocol) describing mode, illustrate the terminal information that sends to, as follows:
v＝0
o＝-2890844256?2890842807?IN?IP4?172.16.2.93
s＝SDP?Session
i＝An?Example?of?SDP?Session?Usage?for?Program?Information
C=IN IP4 a.b.c.d // multicast ip address
a＝control:sdp://foo/twister/channell
M=video 2222 RTP/AVP 33 // definition 33 is the PT type of MPEG-2TS stream in RFC3551
A=pidlist:726 57 60 102 123 // extend property " a=pidlist " is described the PID tabulation in the TS stream
A=pidmap:726 H264 // extend property " a=pidmap " is described the attribute of specifying pid stream
a＝fmtp：726?profile-level-id＝42A01E；packetization-mode＝0；
Sprop-parameter-sets=Z0IACpZTBYmI, alMjiA==// decoding parametric
A=pidmap:57 mpeg4-generic/44100/2/zh // voice are designated as Chinese
A=pidmap:60 mpeg4-generic/44100/2/en // voice are designated as English
A=pidmap:102 subtitle/zh // captions are designated as Chinese
A=pidmap:103 subtitle/en // captions are designated as English
In the practical application, also can dispose the mode of concrete expansion SDP voluntarily, as long as can bring user terminal with the descriptor of program.
After user terminal is received EPG information, program list information is shown to the user to be selected, for the descriptor of each program, set up the corresponding relation of channel, multicast IP, TS flow port, PID, code/decode format and the parameter etc. of each program, form can be with reference to table 1.
Step 707: behind selected certain channel of user, terminal is according to the corresponding relation of being set up in the step 705, obtain the multicast ip address of this channel, add corresponding multicast group according to described multicast ip address, receive that MF transmits to utilizing the corresponding relation of being set up after the multi-cast message data of program, determine corresponding program characteristics information, multi-cast message data is decoded, and decoded data are shown to the user watch according to described program characteristics information.
Be example with Fig. 3 and the pairing PAT of Fig. 4 and pmt table below, the decode procedure of user terminal is described.
MF will be packaged into the RTP message and multicast to user terminal from the TS stream that program source is received, the TS that establishes in the TS stream wraps as shown in Figure 8.
The time point that user terminal receives multicast message is at random, here suppose to begin to receive message at as shown in Figure 8 A access point, because the program characteristics information that user terminal has been preserved this program, receive that first PID knows that this is that languages are the voice flow of English when being 60 TS bag, if setting the languages of the voice of current output, the user is English, then give audio decoder decode with this TS, be Chinese if the user sets the languages of the voice of current output, then directly discard this TS bag; Next receive that PID knows that this is the caption stream of Chinese when being 102 TS bag, if setting the captions languages of current output, the family is Chinese, then give the caption stream decoder decode with this TS, if setting the languages of the voice of current output, the family is English, then directly discard, next receive that PID is that corresponding English caption stream of 123 TS bag and PID are that 102 TS bag processing mode is similar; Next the PID that receives again knows that this is a video flowing when being 726 bag, then directly this TS bag is sent to video decoder decodes.
From top description process as can be seen, because terminal has been preserved the program characteristic informations such as PID, code/decode format and parameter of program, obtain these program characteristics information so need not search for pat table and pmt table again, therefore can just begin decoding from any access point, and could begin decoding after not needing to wait until pat table and pmt table (as the B program characteristic information among Fig. 8) appearance, therefore can save this section time-delay of ordering from the A point to B.It can also be seen that by top description, at this moment in fact PAT from the multicast message that program source sends over and PMT information do not have any effect, directly abandoned by terminal, therefore the MF entity is before user terminal issues TS stream, program characteristics information wherein can be removed, and then issue the TS stream that does not carry program characteristics information.
If variation has taken place in the program characteristics information of certain program, need refresh the program characteristics information of preserving on EPG server and the user terminal immediately, concrete program characteristics information refresh flow comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 9
Step 901:MF detects PAT and the PMT information in the TS stream of being received, if find program characteristics information and the local program characteristics information inconsistency of preserving in the TS stream, has influence on terminal and is correctly decoded, and then new program characteristics information is reported AS;
Step 902:AS is transmitted to the EPG server with the new program characteristics information that MF reports, and indication EPG server refreshes the list item that it preserves program characteristics information, guarantees that the user of new start obtains correct program characteristics information;
Step 903:EPG server is broadcasted new program characteristics information on network, after the user terminal of current activation is received broadcast, refresh the list item that it preserves program characteristics information, and guaranteeing to switch to can normal decoder behind this program.Consider the user right problem, can only broadcast the information that changes, and need not broadcast the multicast ip address and the port numbers of this program;
The information of finishing step 904:EPG server refreshes and broadcasts the back and return acknowledge message to AS;
Step 905:AS returns acknowledge message to MF.
By flow process shown in Figure 9, program characteristics information on the EPG server can in time be refreshed, program characteristics information on the user terminal is also in time refreshed, thus the programme content that user terminal can be received according to the program characteristics information decoding of being preserved.
Embodiment two: based on the realization of the IPTV of ISMA form.
If do not adopt MPEG-2 TS form transmission, for example use the transmission of ISMA form, at this moment video, audio frequency and data flow are not multiplexingly to transmit together, transmit but be dispersed in the different rtp streamings.When using the ISMA form to transmit, at this moment the EPG server does not need to preserve port numbers and the pid information that TS stream uses, but employed RTP port numbers of audio frequency, video and the data flow that need preserve this channel respectively and port (PT) type, port numbers and port type value are distributed unitedly by operator, and table 2 has provided an example of the program characteristics information of being preserved:
Table 2
When using the transmission of ISMA form, the programme information register flow path of importing programme televised live comprises the steps: equally as shown in figure 10 in the IPTV system
Step 1001:AS increases by one road programme televised live under the control of consistency operation, at first send out message indication MF and receive new-programme to MF, the program that receives from program source can be the encapsulation of TS stream, or other form, what also comprise unified distribution in the Indication message that issues transmits the employed multicast ip address of this program, audio frequency and video and employed port numbers of data flow and port type value in the IPTV network internal;
Step 1002:MF will be packaged into rtp streaming from the audio frequency and video and the data flow of program source according to IP address, port numbers and the port type value of appointment, if program source is the encapsulation of TS form, MF finishes the conversion that TS flows to the ISMA encapsulation format after need detecting the program characteristics information of TS stream, and the audio frequency and video and the data flow that are about in the TS stream are packaged into independent rtp streaming transmission respectively; If program source is the rtp streaming encapsulation, only needs that the PT value in the rtp streaming, IP address, port numbers are carried out corresponding conversion and get final product.
Step 1003:MF sends acknowledge message to AS, also report AS together for the program characteristics information that is used for decoding terminals in the decoding customizing messages, described program characteristics information comprises employed RTP port numbers of audio frequency, video and the data flow of this program and port type.
Step 1004:AS sends Indication message to the EPG server, indication need increase by one road programme televised live in the rendition list, in Indication message except can carrying relevant program description such as channel, also comprise sending employed multicast ip address of this program and corresponding program characteristics information, comprise port numbers, port type and code/decode format and the parameter of audio frequency and video and data flow;
After step 1005:EPG server is received the Indication message of AS, increase a list item in the program characteristics information list of being preserved, and, add successfully back to AS response OK acknowledge message according to the program characteristics information that Indication message adds program item, multicast ip address and comprises port numbers, port type, code/decode format and parameter in this list item.
Figure 11 shows the handling process that the user of embodiment two watches the IPTV program, comprises the steps:
Step 1101: the IPTV system is inserted in user terminal start back, to the AS application authentication;
Step 1102:AS carries out authentication according to the user's information among the UPSF;
Step 1103: authentication is returned the address information of EPG server to user terminal by back AS;
Step 1104: user terminal sends application EPG information request to the EPG server;
Step 1105:EPG server is confirmed the program that the user can visit according to the user profile among the UPSF;
Step 1106: all live television programmings that have authority to watch for the user, the EPG server is except sending to program list information the user terminal, also program description such as channel, multicast ip address and the program characteristics information of these programs that self is preserved send to user terminal, here adopt the describing mode of SDP to illustrate the terminal information that sends to, as follows:
v＝0
o＝-2890844256?2890842807?IN?IP4?172.16.2.93
s＝SDP?Session
i＝An?Example?of?SDP?Session?Usage?for?Program?Information
C=IN IP4 a.b.c.d // multicast ip address
a＝control:sdp://foo/twister/channell
M=video 2222 RTP/AVP 98 // video flowing
a＝rtpmap：98?H264/90000
a＝fmtp：98?profile-level-id＝42A01E；packetization-mode＝0；
Sprop-parameter-sets=Z0IACpZTBYmI, aMljiA==// decoding parametric
M=audio 2224 RTP/AVP 99 // Chinese sound accompaniment
a＝rtpmap：99?mpeg4-generic/44100/2
A=lang:zh // be designated as Chinese
M=audio 2226 RTP/AVP 100 // English sound accompaniment
a＝rtpmap：100?mpeg4-generic/44100/2
A=lang:en // be designated as English
M=video 2228 RTP/AVP 101 // Chinese subtitle
a＝rtpmap：101?subtitle/1000
A=lang:en // be designated as English
M=video 2230 RTP/AVP 102 // English subtitles
a＝rtpmap：102?subtitle/1000
A=lang:en // be designated as English
In the practical application, also can dispose the mode of concrete expansion SDP voluntarily, as long as the descriptor of program can be passed to user terminal.
After user terminal is received EPG information, program list information is shown to the user selects, and set up the corresponding relation of multicast ip address, port numbers, port type, code/decode format and the parameter of each program;
Step 1107: behind selected certain channel of user, terminal adds corresponding multicast group according to the multicast ip address of this channel, receive that MF transmits to after should the multi-cast message data of program, utilize port numbers and port type in the corresponding relation of having set up, RTP that differentiation is received bag is audio stream, video flowing or caption stream, according to the decoding parametric of correspondence the RTP bag is decoded and exports thereby deliver to different decoders.
Because terminal has been preserved program characteristic informations such as the employed RTP port numbers of audio frequency, video and data flow of program and port type, so need not search for the program characteristics information in the multi-cast message data again, therefore can save this part time delay that search program characteristics information causes.
If program source is used the TS form, MF detects the parameter that influences decoding terminals in the TS stream variation has taken place, then need to refresh immediately the program characteristics information of preserving on EPG server and the user terminal, the flow process that refreshes program characteristics information of embodiment two comprises the steps: as shown in figure 12
Step 1201:MF detects PAT and the PMT information in the program TS stream, if find that change has taken place decoding parametric, has influence on terminal and is correctly decoded, and then new parameter information is reported AS; This parameter information can be a program characteristics information, or the part of renewal takes place in the program characteristics information.
Step 1202:AS is transmitted to the EPG server with the new parameter information that MF reports, and indication EPG server refreshes the list item that it preserves program decoding relevant information, guarantees that the user of new start obtains correct program decoded information;
Step 1203:EPG server is broadcasted new program decoded information on network, the user terminal of current activation receives and refresh the list item that it preserves the program decoded information after the broadcast, and guaranteeing to switch to can normal decoder behind this program.Consider the user right problem, can only broadcast the information that changes, and need not broadcast the multicast IP and the port numbers of this program;
The information of finishing step 1204:EPG server refreshes and broadcasts the back and return acknowledge message to AS;
Step 1205:AS returns acknowledge message to MF.
Third embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of IPTV terminal, and as shown in figure 13, wherein thick arrow is represented programme content.This IPTV terminal comprises:
Program characteristics information acquisition unit 1301 was used for before the receiving group message data, obtained the program characteristics information of the described multi-cast message data that is used to decode from network side;
Fourth embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of EPG server, as shown in figure 14, comprising:
Program characteristics information memory cell 1401 is used for programs stored characteristic information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address;
Transmitting element 1402 is used for according to the request from user terminal, and program characteristics information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address that described program characteristics information memory cell is stored send to user terminal.
This EPG server also comprises:
Program confirmation unit 1403 is used for obtaining user profile to UPSF, and confirms the program of described user-accessible according to described user profile; The addressable program that then described transmitting element 1402 is confirmed according to described program confirmation unit 1403 sends to user terminal with the program characteristics information of described addressable program of storage in the described program characteristics information memory cell 1401.
Program characteristics information receiving unit 1404 is used to receive program characteristics information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address from the outside, and the above-mentioned information that is received is sent to described program characteristics information memory cell 1401.
Described program characteristics information memory cell 1401 further comprises: refresh process subelement 1405, be used for when the channel of having stored from the pairing channel of program characteristics information of program characteristics information receiving unit 1404 and multicast ip address and described program characteristics information memory cell 1401 is identical with multicast ip address, then carry out refresh process, the corresponding program characteristics information of promptly using the program characteristics information updating of being received to be stored;
Described EPG server further comprises radio unit 1406, is used for if described refresh process subelement carries out refresh process, then broadcasts the program characteristics information and the corresponding channel and the multicast ip address of described refresh process correspondence.
Fifth embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of media function entity, as shown in figure 15, and wherein thick arrow presentation medium stream.This media function entity comprises:
Receiving element 1501 is used to receive the Media Stream from the programme content correspondence of program source;
Program characteristics information acquisition unit 1502 is used for obtaining program characteristics information from the Media Stream that described receiving element 1501 is received;
Media Stream retransmission unit 1503 is used for the Media Stream that described receiving element 1501 is received is forwarded to corresponding multicast ip address;
Program characteristics information transmitting unit 1504 is used for the program characteristics information that described program characteristics information acquisition unit 1502 is obtained is sent to other network entity.
Described program characteristics information acquisition unit 1502 further comprises detection sub-unit 1505, whether be used for detecting the program characteristics information of obtaining from Media Stream changes, if then the part with described program characteristics information or described program characteristics information change is sent to described program characteristics information transmitting unit 1504;
Then described program characteristics information transmitting unit 1504 will be sent to other network entity from the program characteristics information of described program characteristics information acquisition unit 1502 or the part of program characteristics information change.
Described media function entity further comprises:
Sixth embodiment of the invention proposes a kind of network television system, comprise the EPG server that is used to provide electronic program guides, media function entity and the program source that is used to transmit the pairing Media Stream of programme content, described media function entity obtains program characteristics information from the Media Stream from program source, and described program characteristics information is sent to described EPG server;
Described EPG server is used to store the program characteristics information of being received, according to the request from user terminal, the program characteristics information of being stored is sent to user terminal.
This system further comprises UPSF, and being used for provides user profile to the EPG server;
Then described EPG server is determined the programme content of user-accessible the pairing program characteristics information of the programme content of user-accessible to be sent to user terminal according to described user profile.
Whether described media function entity is further used for detecting the program characteristics information of being obtained and changes, if change, then the part with described program characteristics information or described program characteristics information change is sent to the EPG server;
The program characteristics information that described EPG server is stored according to the partial update of program characteristics information of being received or described program characteristics information change, and broadcast the part of described program characteristics information or described program characteristics information change.
Described media function entity is further used for deleting the program characteristics information in the Media Stream that is received, and transmits described Media Stream again to multicast ip address.
In the embodiment of the invention scheme, the program characteristics information that terminal obtains and preserves each channel by the EPG server, after switching to certain channel, terminal is directly decoded to the data message of receiving according to the program characteristics information of being preserved, and can improve the speed that channel switches; And do not need again the program characteristics information of each program of cyclical transmission on the network, can save transmission bandwidth.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (23)
1, a kind of implementation method of network TV business is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
User terminal receives the multi-cast message data of Web TV according to the selected request of user's program;
User terminal is according to the described multi-cast message data of program characteristics information decoding of the correspondence of obtaining and preserving from network side in advance.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described user terminal receives before the multi-cast message data of Web TV, and further comprise: user terminal obtains and preserve program characteristics information from network side.
3, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described user terminal obtains and preserves program characteristics information from network side and comprises:
User terminal receives the described program characteristics information from the electronic program guide (EPG) server, and channel and the multicast ip address corresponding, and set up the corresponding relation of channel, multicast ip address and the program characteristics information received with described program characteristics information.
4, method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the multi-cast message data that described user terminal receives Web TV comprises: user terminal is according to described corresponding relation, obtain corresponding multicast ip address, add corresponding multicast group according to described multicast ip address, receive multi-cast message data after;
The described described multi-cast message data of program characteristics information decoding according to the correspondence of being preserved comprises:
Determine corresponding program characteristics information according to described corresponding relation, described multi-cast message data is decoded according to described program characteristics information.
5, according to each described method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that this method further comprises:
Reception comprises the broadcasting of program characteristics information, the program characteristics information of the correspondence of being preserved with the program characteristics information updating of described broadcasting.
6, a kind of implementation method of network TV business is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The EPG server receive and storage from the program characteristics information of media function entity and corresponding program channel thereof number and multicast ip address;
The EPG server is received the request from user terminal, and channel, multicast ip address and the corresponding program characteristics information of the program stored is sent to described user terminal.
7, method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described channel with program, multicast ip address and corresponding program characteristics information send to before the described user terminal, and further comprise: the EPG server is confirmed the program that this user can visit according to the user profile among userspersonal information's service function UPSF;
Then described channel with program, multicast ip address and corresponding program characteristics information send to described user terminal and are:
Channel, multicast ip address and the corresponding program characteristics information of the program of this user-accessible are sent to described user terminal.
8, method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the EPG server receive and storage from before the program characteristics information of media function entity and corresponding program channel thereof number and the multicast ip address, further comprise:
The media function entity flows from the program source receiving media, and from described Media Stream, obtain program characteristics information, described program characteristics information and corresponding program channel number and multicast ip address are sent to application server, and application server is forwarded to the EPG server with described program characteristics information and corresponding program channel number and multicast ip address.
9, method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
The media function entity detects the program characteristics information in the Media Stream of being received, changes if find described program characteristics information, then new program characteristics information is sent to the EPG server;
The EPG server refreshes the program characteristics information of the correspondence of having preserved according to the described program characteristics information of being received, and broadcasts described program characteristics information.
10, method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described media function entity is forwarded to described Media Stream before the corresponding multicast ip address, further comprises: the media function entity is with the program characteristics information deletion in the described Media Stream.
According to each described method of claim 6 to 10, it is characterized in that 11, described multi-cast message data is for adopting the multi-cast message data of MPEG-2 transport stream format transmission, perhaps for adopting the multi-cast message data of stream stream protocol RTP transmission in real time.
12, a kind of network TV terminal is characterized in that, comprising:
The program characteristics information acquisition unit was used for before the receiving group message data, obtained the program characteristics information of the described multi-cast message data that is used to decode from network side;
The Data Receiving unit is used to receive the multi-cast message data of Web TV;
Decoding unit is used for the program characteristics information obtained according to described program characteristics information acquisition unit, the multi-cast message data that the described Data Receiving of decoding unit is obtained.
13, a kind of electronic program guide (EPG) server is characterized in that, comprising:
The program characteristics information memory cell is used for programs stored characteristic information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address;
Transmitting element is used for according to the request from user terminal, and program characteristics information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address that described program characteristics information memory cell is stored send to user terminal.
14, EPG server according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described EPG server comprises:
The program confirmation unit is used for obtaining user profile to UPSF, and confirms the program of described user-accessible according to described user profile;
Then described transmitting element also is used for the addressable program confirmed according to described program confirmation unit, and the program characteristics information of the described addressable program stored in the described program characteristics information memory cell is sent to user terminal.
15, according to claim 13 or 14 described EPG servers, it is characterized in that described EPG server further comprises:
The program characteristics information receiving unit is used to receive program characteristics information and corresponding channel and multicast ip address from the outside, and the above-mentioned information that is received is sent to described program characteristics information memory cell.
16, EPG server according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, described program characteristics information memory cell further comprises: the refresh process subelement, be used for when the channel of having stored from the pairing channel of program characteristics information of program characteristics information receiving unit and multicast ip address and described program characteristics information memory cell is identical with multicast ip address, then carrying out refresh process;
Described EPG server further comprises radio unit, is used to broadcast the program characteristics information and the corresponding channel and the multicast ip address of described refresh process correspondence.
17, a kind of media function entity is used for Media Stream is forwarded to multicast ip address, it is characterized in that, described media function entity comprises:
Receiving element is used to receive the Media Stream from the programme content correspondence of program source;
The program characteristics information acquisition unit, the Media Stream that is used for receiving from described receiving element obtains program characteristics information;
The program characteristics information transmitting unit is used to send the program characteristics information that described program characteristics information acquisition unit is obtained.
18, media function entity according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described program characteristics information acquisition unit further comprises detection sub-unit, whether be used for detecting the program characteristics information of obtaining from Media Stream changes, if, then the part with described program characteristics information or described program characteristics information change is sent to described program characteristics information transmitting unit, will be sent to other network entity from the program characteristics information of described program characteristics information acquisition unit or the part of program characteristics information change by described program characteristics information transmitting unit.
19, according to claim 17 or 18 described media function entities, it is characterized in that described media function entity further comprises:
Delete cells is used for the program characteristics information deletion that will be forwarded to the Media Stream of multicast ip address.
20, a kind of network television system comprises the media function entity that is used to provide the EPG server of electronic program guides and is used to transmit the pairing Media Stream of programme content, it is characterized in that:
Described media function entity is used for obtaining program characteristics information from the Media Stream from program source, and described program characteristics information is sent to described EPG server;
Described EPG server is used to store the program characteristics information of being received, according to the request from user terminal, the program characteristics information of being stored is sent to user terminal.
21, network television system according to claim 20 is characterized in that, this system further comprises UPSF, is used for providing user profile to the EPG server;
Then described EPG server is used for determining according to described user profile the programme content of user-accessible, and the pairing program characteristics information of the programme content of user-accessible is sent to user terminal.
22, network television system according to claim 20, it is characterized in that, whether described media function entity is further used for detecting the program characteristics information of being obtained and changes, if change, then the part with described program characteristics information or described program characteristics information change is sent to the EPG server;
Described EPG server is used for the program characteristics information of storing according to the partial update of program characteristics information of being received or described program characteristics information change, and broadcasts the part of described program characteristics information or described program characteristics information change.
According to claim 20,21 or 22 described network television systems, it is characterized in that 23, described media function entity is further used for deleting the program characteristics information in the Media Stream that is received, transmit described Media Stream again to multicast ip address.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710194833.6A CN101442663A (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2007-11-22 | Method, apparatus and system for implementing network television business |
| PCT/CN2008/073064 WO2009067935A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2008-11-14 | A method, device and system for implementing iptv services |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710194833.6A CN101442663A (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2007-11-22 | Method, apparatus and system for implementing network television business |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101442663A true CN101442663A (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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ID=40678031
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710194833.6A Pending CN101442663A (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2007-11-22 | Method, apparatus and system for implementing network television business |
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| CN (1) | CN101442663A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009067935A1 (en) |
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Open date: 20090527 |